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A Petrol engine or Gasoline engine is an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition designed to run on petrol (gasoline) and similar volatile fuels. It differs from a diesel engine in the method of mixing the fuel and air, and in the fact that it uses spark plugs. In a diesel engine, merely the air is compressed, and the fuel is injected at the end of the compression stroke. In a petrol engine, the fuel and air are pre-mixed before compression. The pre-mixing was formerly done in a carburettor but now (except in the smallest engines) it is done by electronically-controlled fuel injection. Pre-mixing of fuel and air allows a petrol engine to run at a much higher speed than a diesel, but severely limits their compression, and thus efficiency . A colorized automobile engine The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of fuel and an oxidizer (typically air) occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. ...
The term spark-ignition is normally used to refer to internal combustion engines where the fuel-air mixture is ignited with a spark. ...
Petrol redirects here. ...
Diesel engines in a museum Diesel generator on an oil tanker A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine which operates using the Diesel cycle. ...
This article or section should include material from Spark gap A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric spark. ...
The carburetor (or carburettor, carb for short) is a device which mixes air and fuel for an internal_combustion engine. ...
// Fuel injection is a system of fuel delivery for mixture with air in an internal combustion engine. ...
Applications Petrol engines have many applications, including: Car redirects here. ...
For other uses, see Motorcycle (disambiguation). ...
Flying machine redirects here. ...
A 1962 Rebel. A wooden speedboat with an outboard engine. ...
A typical modern gasoline-powered mower. ...
For other uses, see Chainsaw (disambiguation). ...
This article is about machines that produce electricity. ...
Design
Working cycles Petrol engines may run on the four-stroke cycle or the two-stroke cycle. For details of working cycles see: Today Internal combustion engines in cars, trucks, motorcycles, construction machinery and many others, most commonly use a four-stroke cycle. ...
The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by completing the same four processes (intake, compression, power, exhaust) in only two strokes of the piston rather than four. ...
Wankel Engine in Deutsches Museum Munich, Germany The Wankel rotary engine is a type of internal combustion engine, invented by German engineer Felix Wankel, which uses a rotor instead of reciprocating pistons. ...
Cylinder arrangement Common cylinder arrangements are from 1 to 6 cylinders in-line or from 2 to 16 cylinders in V-formation. Alternatives include Rotary and Radial Engines the latter typically have 7 or 9 cylinders in a single ring, or 10 or 14 cylinders in two rings. Usually found in 4 and 6 cylinder configurations, the straight engine (often designed as inline engine) is an internal-combustion engine with all cylinders aligned in one row, with no or only minimal offset. ...
A V engine is a common configuration for an internal combustion engine. ...
This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
The radial engine is an internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinders point outward from a central crankshaft like the spokes on a wheel. ...
Cooling Petrol engines may be air-cooled, by fins on the cylinders, or liquid-cooled, by a water jacket and radiator. The coolant was formerly water but is now usually a mixture of water and ethylene glycol. This mixture has a lower freezing-point and a higher boiling-point than pure water. In addition, the cooling system is usually slightly pressurized to minimise evaporation of coolant. Air-cooled engines rely on the circulation of air directly over hot parts of the engine to cool them. ...
A water jacket is a water-filled void surrounding a device, typically a metal sheath having intake and outlet vents to allow water to be pumped through the void. ...
Not to be confused with radiata. ...
For other uses, see Antifreeze (disambiguation). ...
Ethylene glycol (monoethylene glycol (MEG), IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol) is an alcohol with two -OH groups (a diol), a chemical compound widely used as an automotive antifreeze. ...
Compression ratio The compression ratio is the ratio between the cylinder volumes at the beginning and end of the compression stroke. Broadly speaking, the higher the compression ratio, the higher the efficiency of the engine. However, compression ratio has to be limited to avoid pre-ignition of the fuel-air mixture which would cause engine knocking and damage to the engine. Modern motor-car engine generally have compression ratios of between 9:1 and 10:1, but this can go up to 11 or 12:1 for high-performance engines that run on, say, 98 R0N (93 AKI, US Premium- or European Super-grade) petrol. In the 1950s, with low-octane fuel and less well-designed cylinder heads, compression ratios were between 6.5:1 and 7:1. Old tractor engines running on tractor vaporising oil might have compression ratios as low as 4.5:1 but modern tractors have diesel engines. Bold text The compression ratio is a single number that can be used to predict the performance of any engine (such as an internal-combustion engine or a Stirling Engine). ...
Knocking (also called pinking or pinging)— colloquially detonation—in internal combustion engines occurs when air/fuel mixture in the cylinder detonates or ignites prior to the timed pre-set conditions in the engines cylinder(s). ...
A gas station pump offering five different octane ratings. ...
Tractor vaporising oil is an internal combustion engine fuel that was commonly used for tractors in the UK until diesel engines became commonplace TVO was withdrawn from sale by UK suppliers in 1974. ...
Ignition - main article Ignition system
Petrol engines use spark ignition and high voltage current for the spark may be provided by a magneto or an ignition coil. In modern car engines the ignition timing is managed by an electronic Engine Control Unit. The ignition system of an internal-combustion engine is an important part of the overall engine system that provides for the timely burning of the fuel mixture within the engine. ...
The term spark-ignition is normally used to refer to internal combustion engines where the fuel-air mixture is ignited with a spark. ...
In electrical engineering High voltage refers to a voltage which is high. ...
This article is about the engine component. ...
An ignition coil (also called a spark coil) is an electrical device in a automobiles ignition system which transforms a storage batterys 12 volts to the thousands of volts needed to spark the spark plugs. ...
Ignition timing in an internal combustion engine is the process of setting the time that a spark will occur in the combustion chamber (during the power stroke) relative to piston position and crankshaft angular velocity. ...
An engine control unit (ECU) is an electronic control unit which controls various aspects of an internal combustion engines operation. ...
Future Concerns about global warming and air pollution have put a question mark over the future of the petrol engine. Much has been done to improve its fuel efficiency and reduce emissions and this has bought it more time. In the long run it will probably be replaced by the electric motor in some applications but this is not likely to happen soon. Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earths near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation. ...
Air pollution is the modification of the natural characteristics of the atmosphere by a chemical, particulate matter, or biological agent. ...
Fuel efficiency, in its basic sense, is the same as thermal efficiency, meaning the efficiency of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier fuel into kinetic energy or work. ...
For other kinds of motors, see motor. ...
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