Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa^[2]), is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in southwestern Europe, Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal. Not to be confused with capitol. ... As of 2005 Portugal has 10. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... A regional language is a language spoken in a part of a country, be it may be a small area, a federal state or province, or a wider area. ... The Mirandese language (Lhéngua Mirandesa in Mirandese; Língua Mirandesa or Mirandês in Portuguese) is spoken in northeastern Portugal. ... A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ... Parliamentary republics around the world, shown in Orange (Parliamentary republics with a non-executive President) and Green (Parliamentary republics with an executive President linked to Parliament). ... Categories: Lists of office-holders | Portugal | Presidents of Portugal ... Aníbal António Cavaco Silva (pron. ... Prime Ministers of the Constitutional Monarchy (1834-1910) First Republic Military Dictatorship Estado Novo Third Republic See also: List of Presidents of Portugal, Politics of Portugal, Lists of incumbents This article contains content from HierarchyPedia article Prime Minister of Portugal, used here under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH (pron. ... Condado de Portucale was the first county founded in Portugal. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Pope Honorius II recognizes and confirms the Order of the Knights Templar. ... Anthem: O Hino da Carta (from 1834) The Kingdom of Portugal in 1561 Capital Lisbon¹ Language(s) Portuguese Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy King  - 1139-1185 Afonso I  - 1908-1910 Manuel II History  - Established 26 July, 1139  - Peninsular War 1808-1814  - Brazilian suzerainty 1815  - Brazilian independence October 12, 1822  - Revolution... is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... July 26, Independence of Portugal from the Kingdom of León and Castile declared after the Battle of Ourique against the Almoravids lead by Ali ibn Yusuf: Prince Afonso Henriques becomes Afonso I, King of Portugal, after assembling the first assembly of the estates-general of Portugal at Lamego, where... The Treaty of Zamora (1143) recognizes Portuguese independence from the Kingdom of Leon and Castille. ... For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ... Events Manuel I Comnenus becomes Byzantine Emperor. ... Manifestis Probatum was a 12th century papal bull in which Pope Alexander III recognised Afonso Henriques as the first king of Portugal. ... Austria Poland Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech   Rep. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 10,000 km² and 100,000 km². ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ... Map of countries by population for the year 2007 This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... PPP of GDP for the countries of the world (2003). ... There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ... Look up Per capita in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article includes two lists of countries of the world[1] sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average population for the same year. ... World map of GDP (Nominal and PPP). ... Look up Per capita in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Map of countries by 2006 GDP (nominal) per capita (IMF, October 2007). ... This page talks about Human Development Index, for other HDIs see HDI (disambiguation) World map indicating Human Development Index (2007). ... This talks about the countries in the Human Development Index, for information on the Human Development Index, please Click Here World map indicating Human Development Index (2007) (Colour-blind compliant map) For red-green color vision problems. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... The euro (€; ISO 4217 code EUR) is the currency of twelve of the twenty-five nations that form the European Union (and four outside it, as well as Montenegro and Kosovo), which form the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). ... ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Western European Time (WET, UTC+0) is the time zone covering parts of western and northwestern Europe, including the following countries and regions: Canary Islands, since 1946 (rest of Spain is CET, i. ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... BST redirects here. ... UTC redirects here. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... .pt is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Portugal and is managed by the Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional (FCCN). ... This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ... Portugal changed to a closed numbering plan in 1999. ... The Mirandese language (Lhéngua Mirandesa in Mirandese; Língua Mirandesa or Mirandês in Portuguese) is spoken in northeastern Portugal. ... District or region Bragança Mayor   - Party Manuel Martins PSD Area 487. ... Sign language interpreter on stage A sign language (also signed language) is a language which uses manual communication, body language and lip patterns instead of sound to convey meaning—simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to express fluidly a speaker... The escudo was the official currency of Portugal prior to the introduction of the euro in 1 January 1999 (euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002). ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... ... European Summer Time is the daylight saving time practiced in Europe, the period during which clocks are reset by one hour in relation to the official time observed during the rest of the year. ... Location    - Country Portugal  - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, leftist, military-led coup détat, started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... Estado Novo (Portuguese for New State; pron. ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The Mergui Archipelago The Archipelago Sea, situated between the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland, the largest archipelago in the world by the number of islands. ... Portuguese) are an archipelago of Portuguese islands situated in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, about 1,500 km from Lisbon and about 3,900 km from the east coast of North America. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ...

The land within the borders of today's Portuguese Republic has been continuously settled since prehistoric times. Some of the earliest civilizations include Lusitanians and Celtic societies. Incorporation into the Roman Republic dominions took place in the 2nd century BC. The region was ruled and colonized by Germanic peoples, such as the Suebi and the Visigoths, from the 5th to the 8th century. From this era, some vestiges of the Alans were also found. The Muslim Moors arrived in the early 8th century and conquered the Christian Germanic kingdoms, eventually occupying most of the Iberian Peninsula. In the early 1100s, during the Christian Reconquista, Portugal appeared as a kingdom independent of its neighbour, the Kingdom of León and Galicia. In a little over a century, in 1249, Portugal would establish almost its entire modern-day borders by conquering territory from the Moors. The Prehistory of the Iberian peninsula begins with the arrival of the first hominins c. ... Central New York City. ... The Lusitanians (or Lusitani in Latin) were a tribe, or various tribes, from the western Iberian peninsula (province of Lusitania), who spoke a Lusitanian language until the conquest of their territory by the Romans. ... This article is about the European people. ... This article is about the state which existed from the 6th century BC to the 1st century BC. For the state which existed in the 18th century, see Roman Republic (18th century). ... Thor/Donar, Germanic thunder god. ... Suebi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... A votive crown belonging to Reccesuinth (653–672) The Visigoths (Latin: ) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe, the Ostrogoths being the other. ... The Alans, Alani, Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people, warlike nomadic pastoralists of varied backgrounds, who spoke an Iranian language and to a large extent shared a common culture. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... For other uses, see moor. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... This is a historical timeline of Portugal. ... For other uses, see Reconquista (disambiguation). ... Coat of arms Kingdom of León, 1030 Capital León Language(s) Mainly Latin and Astur-Leonese. ... ...

During the 15th and 16th centuries, with a global empire that included possessions in Africa, Asia and South America, Portugal was one of the world's major economic, political, and cultural powers. In the 17th century, the Portuguese Restoration War between Portugal and Spain ended the sixty year period of the Iberian Union (1580-1640). In the 19th century, armed conflict with French and Spanish invading forces and the loss of its largest territorial possession abroad, Brazil, disrupted political stability and potential economic growth. After the Portuguese Colonial War and the Carnation Revolution coup d'état in 1974, the ruling regime was deposed in Lisbon and the country handed over its last overseas provinces in Africa. Portugal's last overseas territory, Macau, was handed over to China in 1999. (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Portuguese Restoration War (Portuguese: guerras da restauração) is the war between Portugal and Spain after the revolt of December 1640. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Belligerents Portugal Angola (1961-74): MPLA UNITA FNLA Guinea-Bissau (1963-74): PAIGC Mozambique (1964-74): FRELIMO Strength 169,000 70,000 in Angola 42,000 in Guinea-Bissau 57,000 in Mozambique 20,000 6,500 in Angola 7,000 in Guinea-Bissau 6,500 in Mozambique Casualties and... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, leftist, military-led coup détat, started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC... Coup redirects here. ...

Portugal is a developed country,^[3] has a high Human Development Index and is among the world's 20 highest rated countries in terms of quality of life,^[4] although having the lowest GDP per capita of Western European countries. It is a member of the European Union (since 1986) and the United Nations (since 1955); as well as a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (Community of Portuguese Language Countries, CPLP), European Union's Eurozone, and is also a Schengen state. World map indicating Human Development Index (as of 2004). ... Quality of life is the degree of well-being felt by an individual or group of people. ... Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a calculation method in national accounting (see Measures of national income and output) is defined as the total value of final goods and services produced within a countrys borders in a year, regardless of ownership. ... A current understanding of Western Europe. ... UN redirects here. ... The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), (in French: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques; OCDE) is an international organisation of thirty countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and a free market economy. ... This article is about the military alliance. ... Headquarters Lisbon, Portugal Official language Portuguese Membership 8 (plus 2 observers) Leaders  -  Executive Secretariat Luís de Matos Monteiro da Fonseca Establishment 1996 Website http://www. ... The Eurozone (less frequently called the Euro Area or Euroland) refers to a currency union among the European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their sole official currency. ... For other uses, see Schengen. ...

History

Main article: History of Portugal

Main language areas in Iberia circa 200BC.

The early history of Portugal, whose name derives from the Roman name Portus Cale, is shared with the rest of the Iberian Peninsula. The region was settled by Pre-Celts and Celts, giving origin to peoples like the Gallaeci, Lusitanians, Celtici and Cynetes, visited by Phoenicians and Carthaginians, incorporated in the Roman Republic dominions (as Lusitania in 138 BC), settled again by Suevi, Buri, and Visigoths, and conquered by Moors. Other minor influences include some 5th century vestiges of Alan settlement, which were found in Alenquer, Coimbra and even Lisbon.^[5] In 868, during the Reconquista (by which Christians reconquered the Iberian peninsula from the Muslim and Moorish domination), the First County of Portugal was formed. A victory over the Muslims at Ourique in 1139 is traditionally taken as the occasion when Portugal is transformed from a county (County of Portugal as a fief of the Kingdom of León and Castile) into an independent kingdom. Portugal is a European nation whose origins go back to the Early Middle Ages. ... Portus Cale (Latin for Warm Port) was the old name of an ancient town and port in current day Portugal. ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. ... Main language areas in Iberia circa 250 BC. This is a list of the Pre-Roman people of the Iberian peninsula (the Roman Hispania - modern Andorra, Portugal and Spain). ... Diachronic distribution of Celtic peoples:  core Hallstatt territory, by the 6th century BC  maximal Celtic expansion, by the 3rd century BC  the six Celtic nations which retained significant numbers of Celtic speakers into the Early Modern period  areas where Celtic languages remain widely spoken today Celts (pronounced or , see pronunciation... Gallaecia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The Lusitanians (or Lusitani in Latin) were a tribe, or various tribes, from the western Iberian peninsula (province of Lusitania), who spoke a Lusitanian language until the conquest of their territory by the Romans. ... The Celtici were an ancient celtic tribe akin to the Lusitanians and Calaicians or Gallaeci, living in what today is the province of Alentejo in modern Portugal. ... Ancient Map of the Gulf of Cádiz. ... Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plain of what is now Lebanon and Syria. ... This article is about the ancient city-state of Carthage in North Africa. ... This article is about the state which existed from the 6th century BC to the 1st century BC. For the state which existed in the 18th century, see Roman Republic (18th century). ... In red is the province of Lusitania within the Roman Empire, AD 117 Lusitania was an ancient Roman province including approximately all of modern Portugal south of the Douro river, and part of modern Spain (the present autonomous community of Extremadura and a small part of the province of Salamanca). ... The Suebi or Suevi were a Germanic people whose origin was near the Baltic Sea . ... The Buri first appear in history as a Germanic tribe mentioned in the Germania of Tacitus, where they close the back of the Marcomanni and Quadi of Bohemia and Moravia. ... A votive crown belonging to Reccesuinth (653–672) The Visigoths (Latin: ) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe, the Ostrogoths being the other. ... For other uses, see moor. ... The Alans, Alani, Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people, warlike nomadic pastoralists of varied backgrounds, who spoke an Iranian language and to a large extent shared a common culture. ... District or region Lisbon Mayor   - Party Álvaro Pedro PS Area 304. ... Location    - Country Portugal  - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Reconquista (disambiguation). ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... Coat of Arms Ourique is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 660. ... There are two Counties of Portugal in different periods of the History of the Iberian Peninsula: First County of Portugal formed by Vímara Peres that lasted from 868 to 1071. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Castile in 1139, to the beginning of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ...

On June 24, 1128, the Battle of São Mamede occurred near Guimarães. At the Battle of São Mamede, Afonso Henriques, Count of Portugal, defeated his mother, Countess Teresa, and her lover, Fernão Peres de Trava, in battle - thereby establishing himself as sole leader. Afonso Henriques officially declared Portugal's independence when he proclaimed himself king of Portugal on July 25, 1139, after the Battle of Ourique, he was recognized as such in 1143 by Afonso VII, king of León and Castile, and in 1179 by Pope Alexander III. is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Pope Honorius II recognizes and confirms the Order of the Knights Templar. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... District or region Braga Mayor   - Party Magalhães Silva PS Area 241. ... Afonso I, King of Portugal (English Alphonzo or Alphonse), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques (pron. ... Teresa, Countess of Portugal, a. ... Fernão Peres de Trava was a Galician nobleman. ... This is a list of Portuguese monarchs dating from the independence of Portugal from the kingdom of León in 1128 under Afonso Henriques, who proclaimed himself King in 1139, to the proclamation of the Portuguese Republic on October 5, 1910, during the reign of Manuel II, the Patriot, or... is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... July 26, Independence of Portugal from the Kingdom of León and Castile declared after the Battle of Ourique against the Almoravids lead by Ali ibn Yusuf: Prince Afonso Henriques becomes Afonso I, King of Portugal, after assembling the first assembly of the estates-general of Portugal at Lamego, where... The Battle of Ourique took place in July 26, 1139, in the countryside outside the town of Ourique, present-day Alentejo (southern Portugal). ... Alfonso VII. Alfonso VII (1 March 1105 – 21 August 1157), called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King of León and Castile in 1126. ... Pope Alexander III (c. ...

Progress of the Christian Reconquista

Afonso Henriques and his successors, aided by military monastic orders, pushed southward to drive out the Moors, as the size of Portugal covered about half of its present area. In 1249, this Reconquista ended with the capture of the Algarve on the southern coast, giving Portugal its present day borders, with minor exceptions. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Reconquista (disambiguation). ... The Order of Friars Minor is a major mendicant movement founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. ... For other uses, see Reconquista (disambiguation). ... Algarve NUTS II region, and the district of Faro in Portugal. ...

In 1373, Portugal made an alliance with England, which is the longest-standing alliance in the world. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance between England (succeeded by the United Kingdom) and Portugal is the oldest alliance in the world which is still in force. ...

In 1383, the king of Castile, husband of the daughter of the Portuguese king who had died without a male heir, claimed his throne. An ensuing popular revolt led to the 1383-1385 Crisis. A faction of petty noblemen and commoners, led by John of Aviz (later John I), seconded by General Nuno Álvares Pereira defeated the Castilians in the Battle of Aljubarrota. This celebrated battle is still a symbol of glory and the struggle for independence from neighboring Spain. History of Portugal Series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383-1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... Joao I KG (Portugues: João, IPA pron. ... NunÁlvares Pereira 1360-1431 Blessed Nuno Álvares Pereira (1360-1431), also spelled NunÁlvares Pereira, was a Portuguese General of great success with an decisive role in the 1383-1385 Crisis that assured Portugals independence of Castile. ... Belligerents Portugal with English allies Castile with Portuguese and French allies Commanders John I of Portugal Nuno Álvares Pereira John I of Castile Strength 6,500 men 31,000 men The Battle of Aljubarrota (pronounced ) took place on August 14, 1385, between the forces commanded by King John I of...

In the following decades, Portugal spearheaded the exploration of the world and undertook the Age of Discovery. Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King João I, became the main sponsor and patron of this endeavor. For additional context, see History of Portugal and Portuguese Empire. ... The Infante Henrique, Duke of Viseu (Porto, March 4, 1394 – Sagres, November 13, 1460); pron. ...

In 1415, Portugal gained the first of its overseas colonies when a fleet conquered Ceuta, a prosperous Islamic trade center in North Africa. There followed the first discoveries in the Atlantic: Madeira and the Azores, which led to the first colonization movements. Capital Ceuta City Official language(s) Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked  28 km²   Population  â€“ Total (2006)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked  75,861    2,709. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ...

An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). Red - true possessions; Pink - explorations, areas of influence and trade and claims of sovereignty; Blue - main sea explorations, routes and areas of influence. The disputed discovery of Australia is not shown.

Padrão dos Descobrimentos, a monument to Prince Henry the Navigator and the Portuguese Age of Discovery, Lisbon

Throughout the 15th century, Portuguese explorers sailed the coast of Africa, establishing trading posts for several common types of tradable commodities at the time, ranging from gold to slaves, as they looked for a route to India and its spices, which were coveted in Europe. In 1498, Vasco da Gama finally reached India and brought economic prosperity to Portugal and its then population of one million residents. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 351 pixelsFull resolution (1425 × 625 pixel, file size: 43 KB, MIME type: image/png) An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 351 pixelsFull resolution (1425 × 625 pixel, file size: 43 KB, MIME type: image/png) An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... Jave La Grandes east coast: from Nicholas Vallards atlas, 1547. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1920x2560, 2765 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Portugal Padrão dos Descobrimentos ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1920x2560, 2765 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Portugal Padrão dos Descobrimentos ... Padrão dos Descobrimentos The Padrão dos Descobrimentos (Monument to the Discoveries) is a 52m high slab of concrete, located next to the River Tagus in the Belém district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... Infante Dom Henrique (4 March 1394 - 13 November 1460) was a prince of Portugal, often regarded as the most important figure in the early days of European colonial expansion. ... For additional context, see History of Portugal and Portuguese Empire. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... ĢÕãÒòùäÊŞ Ă ßõî ŔûñÑèđ òΝ ýëŗ pæŇţž This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... For other uses, see Vasco da Gama (disambiguation). ...

In 1500, Pedro Álvares Cabral, en route to India, discovered Brazil and claimed it for Portugal.^[6] Ten years later, Afonso de Albuquerque conquered Goa, in India, Ormuz in the Persian Strait, and Malacca in what is now a state in Malaysia. Thus, the Portuguese empire held dominion over commerce in the Indian Ocean and South Atlantic. The Portuguese sailors set out to reach Eastern Asia by sailing eastward from Europe landing in such places like Taiwan, Japan, the island of Timor, and it may also have been Portuguese sailors that were the first Europeans to discover Australia.^[7] Pedro Álvares (about 1467 – about 1520), pron. ... Afonso de Albuquerque (or Afonso dAlbuquerque - disused) (pronounced ) (treated with a Don by some although his birth didnt grant him that treatment) (1453, Alhandra - Goa, December 16, 1515) was a Portuguese fidalgo, or nobleman, a naval general officer whose military and administrative activities conquered and established the Portuguese... For other uses, see Goa (disambiguation). ... Ormus (also Ohrmuzd, Hormuz, Ohrmazd) was a kingdom in the 16th to 17th centuries around the Persian Gulf, in particular the Strait of Hormuz. ... This article is about the state in Malaysia. ... For other uses, see State (disambiguation). ... Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago, divided between the independent state of East Timor, and West Timor, part of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara with the surface of 11,883 sq mi (30,777 km²). The name is a variant of timur...

Portugal's independence was interrupted between 1580 and 1640. Because the heirless King Sebastian died in battle in Morocco, Philip II of Spain claimed his throne and so became Philip I of Portugal. Although Portugal did not lose its formal independence, it was governed by the same monarch who governed Spain, briefly forming a union of kingdoms, as a personal union; in 1640, John IV spearheaded an uprising backed by disgruntled nobles and was proclaimed king. The Portuguese Restoration War between Portugal and Spain on the aftermath of the 1640 revolt, ended the sixty-year period of the Iberian Union under the House of Habsburg. This was the beginning of the House of Braganza, which was to reign in Portugal until 1910. On 1 November 1755, Lisbon, the largest city and capital of the Portuguese Empire, was strongly shaken by an earthquake which killed between 60,000 and 90,000 people and destroyed eighty-five percent of the city. Sebastião I (English: Sebastian) the Desired (Port. ... Philip II (Spanish: ; Portuguese: ) (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598) was King of Spain from 1556 until 1598, King of Naples from 1554 until 1598, king consort of England (as husband of Mary I) from 1554 to 1558, Lord of the Seventeen Provinces (holding various titles for the individual territories... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Dynastic union be merged into this article or section. ... John IV of Portugal (Portuguese: João IV de Portugal pron. ... Portuguese Restoration War (Portuguese: guerras da restauração) is the war between Portugal and Spain after the revolt of December 1640. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... The Royal House of Braganza (Portuguese: Casa Real de Bragança, pron. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1755 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... This 1755 copper engraving shows the ruins of Lisbon in flames and a tsunami overwhelming the ships in the harbor. ...

By this time, however, the Portuguese empire was already under attack from other countries, specifically Britain and the Netherlands. Portugal began a slow but inexorable decline until the 20th century. This decline was hastened by the independence in 1822 of the country's largest colonial possession, Brazil. An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ...

Map of the Portuguese Overseas provinces in Africa by the time of the Portuguese Colonial War (1961-1974)

At the height of European colonialism in the 19th century, Portugal had lost its territory in South America and all but a few bases in Asia. During this phase, Portuguese colonialism focused on expanding its outposts in Africa into nation-sized territories to compete with other European powers there. Portuguese territories eventually included the modern nations of Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea-Bissau, Angola, and Mozambique. Image File history File links Portuguese_colonial_war_map1. ... Image File history File links Portuguese_colonial_war_map1. ... Belligerents Portugal Angola (1961-74): MPLA UNITA FNLA Guinea-Bissau (1963-74): PAIGC Mozambique (1964-74): FRELIMO Strength 169,000 70,000 in Angola 42,000 in Guinea-Bissau 57,000 in Mozambique 20,000 6,500 in Angola 7,000 in Guinea-Bissau 6,500 in Mozambique Casualties and... It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...

In 1910, a revolution deposed the Portuguese monarchy, but chaos continued and considerable economic problems were aggravated by the military intervention in the First World War, which led to a military coup d'état in 1926. This in turn led to the establishment of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar. This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Castile in 1139, to the beginning of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ... Monumento aos mortos da Primeira Guerra Mundial in Coimbra, Portugal Despite its old alliance with Britain, Portugal did not form a part of the system of alliances which became enemies in World War I and thus kept its neutrality during the first years of war. ... Manuel Gomes da Costa Gomes da Costa and his troops march victorious into Lisbon on 6 June 1926 The 28th May 1926 coup détat, sometimes called 28th May Revolution or, during the period of Estado Novo, National Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução Nacional), was a military action that put an... Estado Novo (Portuguese for New State; pron. ... António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE, pron. ...

In December 1961, the Portuguese army was involved in armed action in its colony of Portuguese India against an Indian invasion. The operations resulted in the defeat of the isolated and relatively small Portuguese defense force which was not able to resist a much larger enemy. The outcome was the loss of the Portuguese territories in the Indian subcontinent. Portuguese India evolution Capital Cochin (1510-1530); Nova Goa Language(s) Portuguese Political structure Ultramarine Province King President  - 1511-1521 Manuel I  - 1958-1961 Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás Viceroy  - 1505-1509 Francisco de Almeida (first)  - 1827-1835 Manuel de Portugal e Castro (last) Governor-general  - 1509-1515... Operation Vijay was the name of operation by Indian armed forces that led to the liberation of Goa, Daman and Diu and Anjidiv Islands from the Portuguese colonial holding in 1961. ... Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ...

Community of Portuguese Language Countries.

Also in the early 1960s, independence movements in the Portuguese overseas provinces of Angola, Mozambique, and Portuguese Guinea, in Africa, resulted in the Portuguese Colonial War (1961-1974). In 1974, a bloodless left-wing military coup in Lisbon, known as the Carnation Revolution, led the way for a modern democracy as well as the independence of the last colonies in Africa shortly after. However, Portugal's last overseas territory, Macau (Asia), was not handed over to the People's Republic of China until as late as 1999. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1357x628, 45 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Community of Portuguese Language Countries Maps of international organizations ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1357x628, 45 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Community of Portuguese Language Countries Maps of international organizations ... Portuguese Guinea was the name for what is today Guinea-Bissau from 1446 to September 10, 1974. ... Belligerents Portugal Angola (1961-74): MPLA UNITA FNLA Guinea-Bissau (1963-74): PAIGC Mozambique (1964-74): FRELIMO Strength 169,000 70,000 in Angola 42,000 in Guinea-Bissau 57,000 in Mozambique 20,000 6,500 in Angola 7,000 in Guinea-Bissau 6,500 in Mozambique Casualties and... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, leftist, military-led coup détat, started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC...

Portugal was a founding member of NATO, OECD and EFTA. In 1986, Portugal joined the European Union (then the European Economic Community). It is also a co-founder of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. This article is about the military alliance. ... The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organization of those developed countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and a free market economy. ... The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) was established on May 3, 1960 as an alternative for European states that were not allowed or did not wish to join the European Community (now the European Union). ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... Headquarters Lisbon, Portugal Official language Portuguese Membership 8 (plus 2 observers) Leaders  -  Executive Secretariat Luís de Matos Monteiro da Fonseca Establishment 1996 Website http://www. ...

Administrative divisions

Sete Cidades, São Miguel Island, Azores.

Map of Mainland Portugal and the two autonomous regions of Portugal (not in their actual locations).

Main article: Administrative divisions of Portugal

Portugal has an administrative structure of 308 municipalities (Portuguese singular/plural: concelho/concelhos), which are subdivided into more than 4,000 parishes (freguesia/freguesias). Municipalities are grouped for administrative purposes into superior units. For continental Portugal the municipalities are gathered in 18 Districts, while the Islands have a Regional Government directly above them. Thus, the largest unit of classification is the one established since 1976 into either mainland Portugal (Portugal Continental) or the autonomous regions of Portugal (Azores and Madeira). Download high resolution version (1024x768, 154 KB) Photograph taken by Ulrik Sverdrup in February 2002 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1024x768, 154 KB) Photograph taken by Ulrik Sverdrup in February 2002 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Sete Cidades (Seven Cities) is one of the most beautiful natural settings in the Azores, composed of two lakes in the center of a volcanic crater about three miles across. ... NASA satellite photo (North to the top) Eastern São Miguel landscape Sete Cidades twin lakes, with the town of Sete Cidades to the left Mosteiros, a village on the northwestern coast Furnas São Miguel Island (pron. ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... Image File history File links Portugal_NUTS_II.svg Descrição do ficheiro Imagem criada por Rei-artur, em Janeiro de 2005, a partir do mapa Image:Mapa de Portugal. ... Image File history File links Portugal_NUTS_II.svg Descrição do ficheiro Imagem criada por Rei-artur, em Janeiro de 2005, a partir do mapa Image:Mapa de Portugal. ... Continental Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal Continental) is the designation of the mainland Portugal territory, in the Iberian Peninsula, located in the Continental Europe. ... Flag of the Azores Autonomous Region. ... This article describes the subdivisions of Portugal. ... Many of the municipalities of Portugal are older than the country itself. ... A freguesia (pron. ... Continental Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal Continental) is the designation of the mainland Portugal territory, in the Iberian Peninsula, located in the Continental Europe. ... Flag of the Azores Autonomous Region. ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ...

The European Union's system of Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics is also used. According to this system, Portugal is divided into 7 regions (Alentejo, Algarve, Açores, Centro, Lisboa, Madeira, and Norte), which are subdivided into 30 subregions. The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the administrative division of countries for statistical purposes. ... NUTS II Alentejo region. ... Algarve NUTS II region, and the district of Faro in Portugal. ... Flag of Azores Shaded relief map of the Azores from 1975 The Azores (Portuguese: Açores) are an archipelago of Portuguese islands in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, about 1,500 km from Lisbon and about 3,900 km from the east coast of North America. ... Centro Region (Região Centro, pron. ... Lisboa is one of the 7 NUTS II regions of Portugal. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Região Norte (pron. ...

Geography and climate

Praia da Marinha, Lagoa, Algarve.

Main articles: Geography of Portugal and Conservation areas of Portugal

The climate can be classified as Mediterranean type csa in the south and csb in the north, according to the Köppen climate classification. Portugal is one of the warmest European countries, the annual temperature averages in mainland Portugal are 13 °C (55 °F) in the north and 18 °C (64 °F) in the south. The Madeira and Azores Atlantic archipelagos have a narrower temperature range. Generally, spring and summer are sunny, whereas autumn and winter are rainy and windy. Extreme temperatures occur in Northeastern parts of the country in winter (where they may fall to -15 °C) and Southeastern parts in summer (where they can soar up to 45 °C). Sea coastal areas are milder, temperatures varying between -2 °C on the coldest winter mornings and 40 °C on the hottest summer afternoons. Absolute extremes registered so far have been -23 °C in Serra da Estrela and 48 °C in the Alentejo region. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Praia da Marinha (Algarve) Praia da Marinha (English: Beach of the Navy) is one of the most beautiful and emblematic beaches of Portugal, and was distinguished with the Golden Beach award for the Ministry of the Environment, in 1998, because of its singular natural values. ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Algarve  - Subregion Algarve  - District or A.R. Faro Mayor José Eduardo  - Party PSD Area 88. ... Algarve NUTS II region, and the district of Faro in Portugal. ... Hot, dry conditions sparked dozens of devastating wildfires in southern and central Portugal and central Spain in the summer of 2003. ... Portugals conservation areas are divided into five categories: One national park (Parque Nacional), 12 natural parks (Parque Natural), 9 natural reserves (Reserva Natural), 5 natural monuments (Monumento Natural), and 7 protected landscapes (Paisagem Protegida). ...  Areas with Mediterranean climate A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide. ... Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... Continental Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal Continental) is the designation of the mainland Portugal territory, in the Iberian Peninsula, located in the Continental Europe. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... Serra da Estrela (English: Mountain of the Star) is the highest mountain range in Portugal and includes mainland Portugals highest peak (Pico mountain in the Portuguese Azores islands is higher), which has a natural altitude of 1993 m (around 6541 feet). ... NUTS II Alentejo region. ...

A Portuguese ski resort during the winter season in Serra da Estrela mountain range, Centro.

Mainland Portugal is split by its main river, the Tagus. The northern landscape is mountainous in the interior areas, with plateaus indented by river valleys. The south, between the Tagus and the Algarve (the Alentejo), features mostly rolling plains and a climate somewhat warmer and drier than in the cooler and rainier north. The Algarve, separated from the Alentejo by mountains, enjoys a Mediterranean climate much like southern Spain. Snow falls occasionally (on some cold winter days) in the northern interior of the country, from October to May. However, it is a very rare event in the south. The coast registers snow usually once in five or six years. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Serra da Estrela (English: Mountain of the Star) is the highest mountain range in Portugal and includes mainland Portugals highest peak (Pico mountain in the Portuguese Azores islands is higher), which has a natural altitude of 1993 m (around 6541 feet). ... Centro Region (Região Centro, pron. ... Continental Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal Continental) is the designation of the mainland Portugal territory, in the Iberian Peninsula, located in the Continental Europe. ... The Tagus (Latin Tagus, Spanish Tajo, Portuguese Tejo, pron. ... The Tagus (Latin Tagus, Spanish Tajo, Portuguese Tejo, pron. ... Algarve NUTS II region, and the district of Faro in Portugal. ... NUTS II Alentejo region. ... Algarve NUTS II region, and the district of Faro in Portugal. ... NUTS II Alentejo region. ...  Areas with Mediterranean climate A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide. ... For other uses, see Snow (disambiguation). ...

Cork oak on wheat field, a typical image of the Alentejo region.

The islands of the Azores are located in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge whilst the Madeira islands were formed by the activity of an in-plate hotspot, much like the Hawaiian archipelago. Some islands have had volcanic activity as recently as 1957. Portugal's highest point is Mount Pico on Pico Island. It is an ancient volcano measuring 2,351 m (7,713 ft). Mainland Portugal's highest point is Serra da Estrela, measuring 1993 m (6,558 ft). Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Binomial name L. The Cork Oak (Quercus suber) is a medium-sized, evergreen oak tree in the section Quercus sect. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ... NUTS II Alentejo region. ... Courtesy USGS The ridge was central in the breakup of Pangaea that began some 180 million years ago. ... The tectonic plates of the world were mapped in the second half of the 20th century. ... In geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earths surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Mount Pico is the highest point on Pico Island in the Azores, a chain of volcanic islands off the coast of Portugal. ... Pico Island (Portuguese: Ilha do Pico, pron. ... Continental Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal Continental) is the designation of the mainland Portugal territory, in the Iberian Peninsula, located in the Continental Europe. ... Serra da Estrela (English: Mountain of the Star) is the highest mountain range in Portugal and includes mainland Portugals highest peak (Pico mountain in the Portuguese Azores islands is higher), which has a natural altitude of 1993 m (around 6541 feet). ...

Portugal's Exclusive Economic Zone, a seazone over which the Portuguese have special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources, has 1,727,408 km². This is the 3rd largest Exclusive Economic Zone of the European Union and the 11th in the world. Portugal has the 3rd largest Exclusive Economic Zone of the EU and the 11th in the world. ... Sea areas in international rights Under the law of the sea, an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a seazone over which a state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources. ...

Conservation areas of Portugal include one national park (Parque Nacional), 12 natural parks (Parque Natural), 9 natural reserves (Reserva Natural), 5 natural monuments (Monumento Natural), and 7 protected landscapes (Paisagem Protegida), ranging from the Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês to the Parque Natural da Serra da Estrela to the Paul de Arzila. Climate and geographical diversity shaped the Portuguese Flora. There are almost 2,800 autochthonous species. Due to economical reasons the pines trees (especially the Pinus pinaster and Pinus pinea species), the chestnut tree (Castanea sativa), the cork oak (Quercus suber), and the eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) are very widespread. Fauna is diverse and includes foxes, badgers, genets, feral cats, hares, weasels, and polecats. Portugal is an important stop over place for migratory birds. Portugals conservation areas are divided into five categories: One national park (Parque Nacional), 12 natural parks (Parque Natural), 9 natural reserves (Reserva Natural), 5 natural monuments (Monumento Natural), and 7 protected landscapes (Paisagem Protegida). ... The Peneda-Gerês National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês), also known simply as Gerês, is the only national park in Portugal (although many Natural Parks, Protected Landscapes and Reserves exist across the nation). ... Serra da Estrela Natural Park is situated in the largest mountain range in Portugal - the Serra da Estrela, and is the source of the rivers Mondego, Zêzere (tributary of the Tagus), and Alva. ... Paul de Arzila is a Portuguese natural reserve occupying an area in Coimbra municipality (in Arzila), and neighbouring municipalities of Condeixa-a-Nova and Montemor-o-Velho. ... Binomial name Pinus pinaster Aiton The Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster) is a pine native to the western Mediterranean region. ... Binomial name Pinus pinea The Stone Pine (Pinus pinea; family Pinaceae) is a species of pine native of the north Mediterranean coast, primarily the Iberian Peninsula. ... Binomial name Castanea sativa Mill. ... Binomial name Quercus suber L. The Cork Oak (Quercus suber) is a medium sized, evergreen oak tree in the section Quercus sect. ... Binomial name Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ... This article is about the animal. ... For other uses, see Badger (disambiguation). ... Genet can refer to: Citizen Genêt (or Edmond-Charles Genêt) a French ambassador to the United States. ... Rescued feral kittens Most feral kittens have little chance of surviving more than a few months and are vulnerable to starvation, predators, disease and even flea-induced anemia[1][2]. Here, kittens from two feral litters are fostered by a domestic mother. ... For other uses, see Hare (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Weasel (disambiguation). ... Polecat may refer to: One of several species of weasel: European polecat marbled polecat steppe polecat Skunks, or other members of the Mephitidae family Lineman (occupation), sometimes colloquially referred to as polecats The Polecats, a 1980s British new wave/rockabilly band Polecat (band) Typical Barbershop Songs Lockheed Martin Polecat, an...

Government and politics

Assembly of the Republic, Lisbon

Main article: Politics of Portugal

Portugal is a democratic republic ruled by the constitution of 1976 with Lisbon, the nation's largest city, as its capital. The four main governing components are the president of the republic, the assembly of the republic, the government, and the courts. The constitution grants the division or separation of powers among legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Portugal like most European countries has no state religion, making it a secular state. Image File history File linksMetadata Assembleia_Republica_Portugal_3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Assembleia_Republica_Portugal_3. ... São Bento Palace, home of the Portuguese Parliament. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... The four main organs of the national government are the presidency, the prime minister and Council of Ministers (the government), the Assembly of the Republic (the parliament), and the judiciary. ... Portugal is governed under the constitution of 1976 whose preliminary drafting was largely completed in 1975, then finished and officially promulgated in early 1976. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... See also President of Portugal Categories: | | | ... São Bento Palace, home of the Portuguese Parliament. ... South America Europe Middle East Africa Asia Oceania Demography of religions by country Full list of articles on religion by country Religion Portal         Nations with state religions:  Buddhism  Islam  Shia Islam  Sunni Islam  Orthodox Christianity  Protestantism  Roman Catholic Church A state religion (also called an official religion, established church... It has been suggested that Laïcité be merged into this article or section. ...

José Sócrates, current Prime Minister of Portugal.

The president, who is elected to a five-year term, has a supervising, non-executive role. The current President is Aníbal Cavaco Silva. The Assembly of the Republic is a unicameral parliament composed of 230 deputies elected for four-year terms. The government is headed by the prime minister (currently José Sócrates), who chooses the Council of Ministers, comprising all the ministers and the respective state secretaries. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2300x1773, 1367 KB) José Sócrates, primeiro-ministro de Portugal (Brasília, 9 de Agosto de 2006) José Sócrates, premier of Portugal (Brasília, Aug. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2300x1773, 1367 KB) José Sócrates, primeiro-ministro de Portugal (Brasília, 9 de Agosto de 2006) José Sócrates, premier of Portugal (Brasília, Aug. ... José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH (pron. ... Prime Ministers of the Constitutional Monarchy (1834-1910) First Republic Military Dictatorship Estado Novo Third Republic See also: List of Presidents of Portugal, Politics of Portugal, Lists of incumbents This article contains content from HierarchyPedia article Prime Minister of Portugal, used here under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... Aníbal António Cavaco Silva (pron. ... Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ... José Sócrates, the current Prime Minister of Portugal. ... José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH (pron. ...

The national and regional governments (those of Azores and Madeira autonomous regions), and the Portuguese parliament, are dominated by two political parties, the Socialist Party and the Social Democratic Party. Minority parties Unitarian Democratic Coalition (Portuguese Communist Party plus Ecologist Party "The Greens"), Bloco de Esquerda (Left Bloc) and CDS-PP (People's Party) are also represented in the parliament and local governments. Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... São Bento Palace, home of the Portuguese Parliament. ... The Socialist Party (Portuguese: Partido Socialista, pron. ... The Social Democratic Party (Portuguese: Partido Social Democrata, pron. ... CDU logo The Unitarian Democratic Coalition (Portuguese: Coligação Democrática Unitária or CDU) is an electoral and political coalition between the Portuguese Communist Party (Portuguese: Partido Comunista Português or PCP) and the Ecologist Party The Greens (Portuguese: Partido Ecologista Os Verdes or PEV). ... The Portuguese Communist Party (Portuguese: Partido Comunista Português, pron. ... The Ecologist Party The Greens (Portuguese: Partido Ecologista Os Verdes or PEV) is a Portuguese green party, member of the European Greens and a founding member of the European Federation of Green Parties. ... Leftwing Bloc (Portuguese: Bloco de Esquerda) is a Portuguese left-wing political party founded in 1999. ... The Democratic and Social Centre/Peoples Party (Portuguese: Centro Democrático e Social/Partido Popular, pron. ... São Bento Palace, home of the Portuguese Parliament. ...

The courts are organized into categories, including judicial, administrative, and fiscal. The supreme courts are the courts of last appeal. A thirteen-member constitutional court oversees the constitutionality of legislation. This article is about courts of law. ... Portuguese Supreme Court of Justice is the highest court of law in Portugal and is without prejudice to the jurisdiction of the Portuguese Constitutional Court. ... The Portuguese Constitutional Court is a special court, defined by the Portuguese Constitution as part of the judicial branch of the Portuguese political organization. ...

Foreign relations

Flags of the member states of the CPLP.

Main article: Foreign relations of Portugal

Portugal is a founding member of NATO (1949), OECD (1961) and EFTA (1960); it left the latter in 1986 to join the European Union. In 1996 it co-founded the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP). It has a friendship alliance and dual citizenship treaty with Brazil. Portugal is part of the world's oldest active alliance through its treaty with the United Kingdom. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa or CPLP) is a multilateral forum for mutual friendship between the lusophone nations across the world where Portuguese is an official language. ... The exercise of diplomacy by the authorities of the sovereign state of Portugal extends as far back as 1139. ... This article is about the military alliance. ... The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organization of those developed countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and a free market economy. ... The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) was established on May 3, 1960 as an alternative for European states that were not allowed or did not wish to join the European Community (now the European Union). ... Headquarters Lisbon, Portugal Official language Portuguese Membership 8 (plus 2 observers) Leaders  -  Executive Secretariat Luís de Matos Monteiro da Fonseca Establishment 1996 Website http://www. ... Countries that do (yellow) and do not (red) recognize multiple citizenship. ... The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance between England (succeeded by the United Kingdom) and Portugal is the oldest alliance in the world which is still in force. ...

The only international dispute concerns the municipality of Olivença. Under Portuguese sovereignty since 1297, the municipality of Olivença was ceded to Spain under the Treaty of Badajoz in 1801, after the War of the Oranges. Portugal claimed it back in 1815 under the Treaty of Vienna. Nevertheless, bilateral diplomatic relations between the two neighbouring countries are cordial, as well as within the European Union. Location Coordinates: , Country Autonomous Community (Spain) Province (Spain) Badajoz District (Portugal) Évora Government  - Mayor Manuel Cayado Rodríguez (PSOE) Area  - Total 750 km² (289. ... The War of the Oranges was a brief conflict in 1801 in which France and Spain fought against Portugal. ... The Congress of Vienna by Jean-Baptiste Isabey, 1819. ...

Military

Main articles: Military of Portugal and Military history of Portugal

Portuguese Air Force F-16.

The armed forces have three branches: Army, Navy, and Air Force. The military of Portugal serves primarily as a self-defense force whose mission is to protect the territorial integrity of the country and providing humanitarian assistance and security at home and abroad. The Portuguese Armed Forces (Portuguese: Forças Armadas Portuguesas or FAP) are divided into three branches: Army (Exército Português) Navy (Marinha Portuguesa) Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa) In the 20th century, Portugal had only two major military interventions, the first one in the 1st World War... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista Castilian and Leonese rule First County of Portugal County of Coimbra Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 478 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1012 × 1268 pixel, file size: 527 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) An F-16A from the Portuguese Air Force prepares to refuel from a KC-10 while deployed to a forward location in the European theatre on... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 478 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1012 × 1268 pixel, file size: 527 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) An F-16A from the Portuguese Air Force prepares to refuel from a KC-10 while deployed to a forward location in the European theatre on... The Portuguese Air Force (PoAF) (Portuguese: Força Aérea Portuguesa, FAP) is the air force of Portugal. ... The F-16 Fighting Falcon is a modern multi-role jet fighter aircraft built in the United States and used by dozens of countries all over the world. ... Portuguese Army troops heading for Angola, during World War I. Portuguese Army troops in the jungle, during the 1960s and 1970s Colonial Wars in Africa. ... Portuguese naval jack The Portuguese Navy (Portuguese: Marinha Portuguesa, also known as Marinha de Guerra Portuguesa or as Armada Portuguesa) is the naval branch of the Portuguese Armed Forces which, in cooperation with the other branches of the Portuguese military, is charged with the defence of Portugal. ... The Portuguese Air Force (PoAF) (Portuguese: Força Aérea Portuguesa, FAP) is the air force of Portugal. ...

Since the early 2000s, compulsory military service is no longer practised. The changes also turned the forces' focus towards professional military engagements. The age for voluntary recruitment is set at 18. In the 20th century, Portugal engaged in two major military interventions: the First Great War and the Portuguese Colonial War (1961-1974). Conscription is a general term for involuntary labor demanded by some established authority, e. ... Monumento aos mortos da Primeira Guerra Mundial in Coimbra, Portugal Despite its old alliance with Britain, Portugal did not form a part of the system of alliances which became enemies in World War I and thus kept its neutrality during the first years of war. ... Belligerents Portugal Angola (1961-74): MPLA UNITA FNLA Guinea-Bissau (1963-74): PAIGC Mozambique (1964-74): FRELIMO Strength 169,000 70,000 in Angola 42,000 in Guinea-Bissau 57,000 in Mozambique 20,000 6,500 in Angola 7,000 in Guinea-Bissau 6,500 in Mozambique Casualties and...

Portugal has participated in peacekeeping missions in East Timor, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq (Nasiriyah), and Lebanon. The Portuguese Military's Rapid Reaction Brigade, a combined force of the nations elite Paratroopers, Special Operations Troops Center, and Commandos, is a special elite fighting force. This article is about the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... For other uses, see Kosovo (disambiguation). ... Nāşirīyah (also transliterated as Nassiriya or Nasiriya; in Arabic الناصرية, al-Nasiriyah or an-Nasiriyah) is a city in Iraq. ...

The Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR) is a police force under the authority of the military, its soldiers are subject to military law and organization. GNR has provided detachments for participation in international operations in Iraq and East Timor. The Republican National Guard (GNR - Guarda Nacional Republicana) is a Portuguese military organization, whose soldiers, unlike the officers of the Public Safety Police (PSP), are subject to military law and organization. ...

Economy

Parque das Nações, where Expo'98 took place - on the short term, the growth of public investment and external demand (including tourism receipts) accelerated with Expo.

Main articles: Economy of Portugal and Economic history of Portugal

Portugal's economy is based on services and industry such as software and automotive. Business services have overtaken more traditional industries^[8] such as textiles, clothing, footwear, cork and wood products and beverages (wine, beer, juice, soft drinks). The country has increased its role in the automotive, mold-making and software sectors. Services, particularly tourism, are playing an increasingly important role. Portugal's European Union (EU) funding will be cut by 10%, to 22.5 billion euros, during the 2007-2013 period. EU expansion into eastern Europe has erased Portugal's past competitive advantage and relative low labor costs. Portugal's economic development model has been changing from one based on public consumption and public investment to one focused on exports, private investment, and development of the high-tech sector. At present, Portugal is exporting more technology than it imports^[9]. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 625 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lisbon Portugal Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 625 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Lisbon Portugal Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Parque das Nações (pron. ... The Expo ’98 logo Expo 98 (in full, 1998 Lisbon World Exposition) was an official specialised Worlds Fair held in Lisbon, Portugal from May 22 to September 30, 1998. ... The Economy of Portugal is a market economy. ... ĢÕãÒòùäÊŞ Ă ßõî ŔûñÑèđ òΝ ýëŗ pæŇţž This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Economic development is the development of economic wealth of countries or regions for the well-being of their inhabitants. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with consumption (economics). ... Structural considerations taken into account, it will be much easier to public investment fits into fiscal policy. ... Economics In economics, an export is any good or commodity, shipped or otherwise transported out of a country, province, town to another part of the world, typically for use in trade or sale. ... Invest redirects here. ... High tech refers to technology that is at the cutting-edge—the most advanced technology currently available. ...

Portugal joined the European Union in 1986 and started a process of modernization within the framework of a stable environment. It has achieved a healthy level of growth. Successive governments have implemented reforms and privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the economy. Portugal was one of the founding countries of the euro in 1999, and therefore is integrated into the Eurozone. For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... The Eurozone (less frequently called the Euro Area or Euroland) refers to a currency union among the European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their sole official currency. ...

Portuguese national side of a 1 euro coin. The centrepiece is the 1144 royal seal of King Afonso Henriques.

Major industries include oil refineries, automotive, cement production, pulp and paper industry, textile, footwear, furniture, and cork (of which Portugal is the world's leading producer).^[10] Manufacturing accounts for 33% of exports. Portugal is the world's fifth-largest producer of tungsten, and the world's eighth-largest producer of wine. Agriculture and Fishing (see Portugal EEZ) no longer represents the bulk of the economy. However, Portugal has a strong tradition in the fisheries sector and is one of the countries with the highest fish consumption per capita. Portuguese wines, namely Port Wine (named after the country's second largest city, Porto) and Madeira Wine (named after Madeira Island), are exported worldwide. Tourism is also important, especially in mainland Portugal's southernmost region of the Algarve and in the Atlantic Madeira archipelago. For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... The Privy Seal of England can be traced back to the reign of King John. ... Alfonso I Henriques of Portugal (Guimarães, 1109, traditionally July 25, – 1185), also known as the Conqueror, was the first king of Portugal, declaring his independence from Leon_Castile, a deed often identifying the Condado Portucalense as the first nation_based state of Europe. ... View of the Shell/Valero Martinez oil refinery An oil refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into useful petroleum products. ... Car redirects here. ... For other uses, see Cement (disambiguation). ... An International Paper mill in South Carolina The global pulp and paper industry is dominated by North American (United States, Canada), northern European (Finland, Sweden) and East Asian countries (such as Japan). ... For other uses, see Textile (disambiguation). ... High-heeled shoe Footwear consists of garments worn on the feet. ... For the UK band, see Furniture (band). ... For other uses, see Cork. ... For other uses, see Tungsten (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Wine (disambiguation). ... Portugal has the 3rd largest Exclusive Economic Zone of the EU and the 11th in the world. ... A fishery (plural: fisheries) is an organized effort by humans to catch fish or other aquatic species, an activity known as fishing. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... A glass of tawny port. ... Oporto redirects here. ... Madeira is a fortified wine made in the Madeira Islands of Portugal, which is prized equally for drinking and cooking; the latter use including the dessert plum in Madeira. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Tourist redirects here. ... Algarve NUTS II region, and the district of Faro in Portugal. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ...

Funchal, Madeira - tourism is an important economic activity in the Portuguese island of Madeira.

The Global Competitiveness Report for 2005, published by the World Economic Forum, places Portugal on the 22nd position, ahead of countries such as Spain, Ireland, France, Belgium and Hong Kong . This represents an increase of two places from the 2004 ranking. Portugal was ranked 20th on the Technology index and 15th on the Public Institutions index.^[11] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x620, 315 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Funchal ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x620, 315 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Funchal ... Funchal at night Funchal (pron. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Research about standard of living by the Economist Intelligence Unit's quality of life survey^[12] places Portugal as the country with the 19th-best quality of life in the world, ahead of other economically and technologically advanced countries like France, Germany, the United Kingdom and South Korea. This is despite the fact that Portugal has the lowest per capita GDP in Western Europe and among the lowest in the European Union. The standard of living refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way these services and goods are distributed within a population. ... This entity, also known as EIU is part of The Economist Group. ... Quality of life is the degree of well-being felt by an individual or group of people. ...

Caixa Geral de Depósitos, EDP, Galp, Millennium bcp, Portugal Telecom and Sonae are among the largest corporations of Portugal by both number of employees and net income. Caixa Geral de Depósitos (CGD) is a Portuguese state-owned banking corporation. ... The EDP Group ranks among Europes major electricity operators, as well as being one of Portugals largest business groups. ... The Galp Energia Group is a Portuguese corporation which consists of more than 100 companies engaged in activities such as: natural gas supply, regasification, transport, storage and distribution; petroleum products exploration, production, refining, trading, logistics and retailing; co-generation and renewable energy. ... Millennium bcp is Portugals biggest private financial group. ... Portugal Telecom (Euronext: PTC, NYSE: PT) is the biggest telecommunications operator in Portugal. ... Sonae, a conglomerate, is the largest private employer in Portugal with a strong appeal to senior managers and young graduates. ... Net income is equal to the income that a firm has after subtracting costs and expenses from the total revenue. ...

The major stock exchange is the Euronext Lisbon which is part of the NYSE Euronext, the first global stock exchange. The PSI-20 is Portugal's most selective and widely known stock index. Euronext Lisbon is a Portuguese stock exchange headquartered in Lisbon. ... NYSE Euronext, Inc. ... The PSI-20 is a stock market index that trade on the Euronext Lisbon in Portugal. ... A stock market index is a listing of stocks, and a statistic reflecting the composite value of its components. ...

Energy, transportation, communications, water supply and sanitation

Vasco da Gama Bridge, over the River Tagus, is the longest bridge in Europe.

Main articles: Transportation in Portugal, Communications in Portugal, Renewable energy in Portugal, and Water supply and sanitation in Portugal

In 2006 the world's largest solar power plant began operating in the nation's sunny south while the world's first commercial wave power farm opened in October 2006 in the Norte region. As of 2006, 55% of electricity production was from coal and fuel power plants. The other 40% was produced by hydroelectrics and 5% by wind energy. The government is channeling $38,000,000,000 into developing renewable energy sources over the next five years. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 428 pixelsFull resolution (1653 × 885 pixel, file size: 691 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 428 pixelsFull resolution (1653 × 885 pixel, file size: 691 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Vasco da Gama Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge that spans the Tagus River near Lisbon, Portugal. ... The Tagus (Latin Tagus, Spanish Tajo, Portuguese Tejo, pron. ... // Railways total: 2,850 km broad gauge: 2,576 km 1. ... Telephones - main lines in use: 3. ... In 2001, the Portuguese government launched a new energy policy instrument – the E4 Programme (Energy Efficiency and Endogenous Energies), consisting of a set of multiple, diversified measures aimed at promoting a consistent, integrated approach to energy supply and demand. ... Heat and light from the Sun fuels life on Earth. ... Wave power refers to the energy of ocean surface waves and the capture of that energy to do useful work - including electricity generation, desalination, and the pumping of water (into reservoirs). ... Map showing Norte Region in Portugal. ... Hydroelectric dam diagram The waters of Llyn Stwlan, the upper reservoir of the Ffestiniog Pumped-Storage Scheme in north Wales, can just be glimpsed on the right. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Renewable energy effectively utilizes natural resources such as sunlight, wind, tides and geothermal heat, which are naturally replenished. ...

Portugal wants renewable energy sources like solar, wind and wave power to account for nearly half of the electricity consumed in the country by 2010. "This new goal will place Portugal in the frontline of renewable energy and make it, along with Austria and Sweden, one of the three nations that most invest in this sector", Prime Minister José Sócrates said. Renewable energy effectively utilizes natural resources such as sunlight, wind, tides and geothermal heat, which are naturally replenished. ... José Sócrates de Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH (pron. ...

Alqueva Dam, Alentejo - irrigation and hydroelectric power generation facility which created the largest artificial lake in Western Europe.

Transportation was seen as a priority in the 1990s, pushed by the growing use of automobiles and industrialization. The country has a 68,732 km (42,708 mi) network of roads, of which almost 3,000 km (1,864 mi) are part of a 44 motorways system. The Alqueva is a site in the Alentejo region, in Portugal, where a huge project in the Guadiana river intended to create a complex infrastructure, which includes a dam, hydroelectric power production, irrigation systems to a large arable land area, and formation of an extensive reservoir, forming a lake where... NUTS II Alentejo region. ... Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil usually for assisting in growing crops. ... Hydroelectric dam diagram The waters of Llyn Stwlan, the upper reservoir of the Ffestiniog Pumped-Storage Scheme in north Wales, can just be glimpsed on the right. ... Motorway symbol in UK, Australia, Spain, France and Ireland. ...

The two principal metropolitan areas have subway systems: Lisbon Metro and Metro Sul do Tejo in Lisbon Metropolitan Area and Porto Metro in Porto, each with more than 35 km (22 mi) of lines. Construction of a high-speed TGV line connecting Porto with Lisbon and Lisbon with Madrid will begin in 2008; it will replace the Pendolinos. The Lisbon Metro is the metro (subway) system that provides Lisbon, Portugal with mass-transit services. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Porto Metro (Metro do Porto), part of the mass transit public transport system of Porto, Portugal, is a network of electrified railways that run underground in central Porto and above ground into the citys suburbs. ... For the group of heart conditions referred to as TGV, see Transposition of the great vessels. ... Pendolino (from Italian Pendolo [pndolo] Pendulum and -ino, a diminutive suffix) is an Italian family of tilting trains used in Italy, Spain, Portugal, Slovenia, Finland, the Czech Republic, United Kingdom,Switzerland and China. ...

Lisbon's geographical position makes it a stopover point for many foreign airlines at airports all over the country. The government decided to build a new airport outside Lisbon, in Alcochete, to replace Lisbon's Portela airport. Currently, the most important airports are in Lisbon, Faro, Porto, Funchal (Madeira), and Ponta Delgada (Azores). Coat of Arms Alcochete is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 129. ... Portela Airport, also known as Lisbon Airport (IATA: LIS, ICAO: LPPT), is located within the city of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. ... Portela Airport, also known as Lisbon Airport (IATA: LIS, ICAO: LPPT), is located within the city of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. ... For the airport in Yukon, Canada, see Faro Airport (Yukon). ... Aeorporto Internacional Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro (IATA: OPO, ICAO: LPPR) also known as Aeroporto do Porto or Aeroporto de Pedras Rubras is the international airport of Porto, Portugal. ... Madeira Airport (IATA: FNC, ICAO: LPMA), also known as Funchal Airport and Santa Catarina Airport, is an international airport located near Funchal, Madeira. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... João Paulo II Airport (IATA: PDL, ICAO: LPPD), named for Pope John Paul II, is an airport located on the island of São Miguel, less than 3 km west of the city of Ponta Delgada on the Azores in Portugal. ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a...

Lisbon Metro subway lines, the oldest and largest in the country, total about 39 km in length.

Portugal has one of the highest mobile phone penetration rates in the world (the number of operative mobile phones already exceeds the population). This network also provides wireless mobile Internet connections as well, and covers the entire territory. As of October 2006, 36.8% of households had high-speed Internet services and 78% of companies had Internet access. Most Portuguese watch television through cable (June 2004: 73.6% of households). Paid Internet connections are available at many cafés, as well as many post offices. One can also surf on the Internet at hotels, conference centres and shopping centres, where special areas are reserved for this purpose. Free internet access is also available to Portuguese residents at "Espaços de Internet" across the country. The Lisbon Metro is the metro (subway) system that provides Lisbon, Portugal with mass-transit services. ... For other uses, see World (disambiguation). ...

Portugal has also modernized its water supply and sanitation system, in particular by increasing the rate of wastewater treated with support from EU subsidies to 80%. The country has also established a modern institutional and legal framework for the water and sanitation sector, including an autonomous regulatory agency, a national asset holding company called Águas de Portugal and a number of multi-municipal utilities. This replaced an institutionally fragemented sector structure, under which the country's 308 municipalities - many of them very small - had exclusive responsibility for water and sanitation.

Demographics

Main articles: Demographics of Portugal and Immigration to Portugal

Douro river crossing Grande Porto, Portugal's second most populated subregion

The country is fairly homogeneous linguistically and religiously. Native Portuguese are ethnically a combination of pre-Celts, Celts, and the Lusitanians, along with some other minor contributions by Phoenicians, Romans, Germanic (Visigoths, Suebi, Buri), Alans, some Jews and Moors (mostly Berbers and some Arabs). As of 2005 Portugal has 10. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 462 KB) Summary Description: View over Portos Ribeira - one of Portos most popular areas by Rio (River) Douro. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 462 KB) Summary Description: View over Portos Ribeira - one of Portos most popular areas by Rio (River) Douro. ... The Douro or Duero (Latin: Durius, Spanish: Duero, Portuguese: Douro, pron. ... Map showing the location of the Grande Porto subregion Grande Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte. ... Diachronic distribution of Celtic peoples:  core Hallstatt territory, by the 6th century BC  maximal Celtic expansion, by the 3rd century BC  the six Celtic nations which retained significant numbers of Celtic speakers into the Early Modern period  areas where Celtic languages remain widely spoken today Celts (pronounced or , see pronunciation... The Lusitanians (or Lusitani in Latin) were a tribe, or various tribes, from the western Iberian peninsula (province of Lusitania), who spoke a Lusitanian language until the conquest of their territory by the Romans. ... Phoenicia (nonstandardly, Phenicia; pronounced [1], Greek: : PhoiníkÄ“, Latin: ) was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal regions of modern day Lebanon, Syria and Israel. ... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... A votive crown belonging to Reccesuinth (653–672) The Visigoths (Latin: ) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe, the Ostrogoths being the other. ... Suebi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The Buri first appear in history as a Germanic tribe mentioned in the Germania of Tacitus, where they close the back of the Marcomanni and Quadi of Bohemia and Moravia. ... The Alans, Alani, Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people, warlike nomadic pastoralists of varied backgrounds, who spoke an Iranian language and to a large extent shared a common culture. ... For other uses, see moor. ... Languages Berber languages Religions Islam (mostly Sunni), Christianity (mostly Kabyle catholic) Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. ... For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...

In the 2001 census, the population was 10,356,117, of which 52% was female, 48% was male. Portugal, long a country of emigration,^[13] has now become a country of net immigration,^[14] and not just from the former Asian and African colonies; by the end of 2003, legal immigrants represented about 5% of the population, and the largest communities were from Brazil, Ukraine, Romania, Cape Verde, Angola, Russia, Guinea-Bissau and Moldova with other immigrants from parts of Latin America, China and Eastern Europe. The great majority of Portuguese are Roman Catholic, though a large percentage consider themselves non-practising, especially in urban lands. For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Eastern Europe is a concept that lacks one precise definition. ... The Catholic Church in Portugal is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ...

The most populous cities are Lisbon, Porto, Vila Nova de Gaia, Amadora, Braga, Coimbra, Almada, Funchal, Setúbal and Guimarães. There are seven Greater Metropolitan Areas (GAMs): Algarve, Aveiro, Coimbra, Lisbon, Minho, Porto and Viseu. For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Oporto redirects here. ... Vila Nova de Gaia is a city and municipality of Portugal. ... Amadora is a city and municipality (Portuguese: concelho or município) in Portugal, in the northwest of the Lisbon metropolitan area. ... For other uses, see Braga (disambiguation). ... Location    - Country Portugal  - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... District or region Setúbal Mayor   - Party Emília Sousa CDU Area 70. ... Funchal at night Funchal (pron. ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Lisboa  - Subregion Península de Setúbal  - District or A.R. Setúbal Mayor Maria das Dores Meira  - Party CDU Area 171. ... District or region Braga Mayor   - Party Magalhães Silva PS Area 241. ... The greater metropolitan areas (Grande Área Metroplitana, in Portuguese) are a territorial unity and continuity that gatters municipalities. ... The Grande Área Metropolitana de Coimbra (or in english Greater Metropolitan Area of Coimbra) has 16 municipalities (largest to smallest): Coimbra, Figueira da Foz, Cantanhede, Montemor-o-Velho, Soure, Mealhada, Penacova, Lousã, Condeixa-a-Nova, Miranda do Corvo, Mira, Tábua, Mortágua, Vila Nova de Poiares, Penela and G... Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portuguese: Área Metropolitana de Lisboa, or AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities (concelhos) in Portugal. ... Grande Área Metropolitana do Porto (Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto) in Portugal consists of 14 municipalities that made the second biggest urban area in the country (largest to smallest, by population): Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto (the capital), Matosinhos, Gondomar, Santa Maria da Feira, Maia, Valongo, Vila do Conde, Santo...

Education, science and technology

The tower of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra - the university is one of the oldest in continuous operation in the world.

Main articles: Education in Portugal, Higher education in Portugal, and Science and technology in Portugal

The educational system is divided into preschool (for those under age 6), basic education (9 years, in three stages, compulsory), secondary education (3 years), and higher education (university and polytechnic). ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2192 KB) Summary I made it myself with my own digital camera. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2192 KB) Summary I made it myself with my own digital camera. ... The University of Coimbra (Portuguese: Universidade de Coimbra) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. ... Location    - Country Portugal  - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... Map of medieval European universities This is a list of the oldest extant universities in the world. ... Educational oversight Ministers Min. ... Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education logo Higher education in Portugal is divided into two main subsystems: university and polytechnic education, and it is provided in autonomous public universities, private universities, public or private polytechnic institutions and higher education institutions of other types. ... Science and technology in Portugal is mainly conducted within a network of R&D units belonging to public universities and state-managed autonomous research institutions like the INETI - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação and LNEC - Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil. ... Category: ... Secondary education - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The University of Cambridge is an institute of higher learning. ... For the community in Florida, see University, Florida. ... The term polytechnic, from the Greek πολύ polú meaning many and τεχνικός tekhnikós meaning arts, is commonly used in many countries to describe an institution that delivers vocational or technical education and training, other countries do not use the term and use alternative terminology. ...

Total adult literacy rate is 95%. Portuguese primary school enrollments are close to 100%. About 20% of college-age students attend one of the country's higher education institutions (compared with 50% in the United States). In addition to being a key destination for international students, Portugal is also among the top places of origin for international students. All higher education students, both domestic and international, totaled 380,937 in 2005. International students are students, usually in early adulthood, who study in foreign schools. ...

Portuguese universities have existed since 1290. The oldest Portuguese university was first established in Lisbon before moving to Coimbra. Universities are usually organized into faculties. Institutes and schools are also common designations for autonomous subdivisions of Portuguese higher education institutions, and are always used in the polytechnical system. The Bologna process has been adopted since 2006 by Portuguese universities and polytechnical institutes. The University of Coimbra (Portuguese: Universidade de Coimbra) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Location    - Country Portugal  - Region Centro  - Subregion Baixo Mondego  - District or A.R. Coimbra Mayor Carlos Encarnação  - Party PSD Area 319. ... A faculty is a division within a university. ... This is a list of Portuguese institutions providing higher education. ... The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords) is to create the European higher education area by making academic degree standards and quality assurance standards more comparable and compatible throughout Europe. ...

Headquarters of the New University of Lisbon, Lisbon.

Scientific and technological research activities in Portugal are mainly conducted within a network of R&D units belonging to public universities and state-managed autonomous research institutions like the INETI - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação. The funding of this research system is mainly conducted under the authority of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education. The largest R&D units of the public universities by number of publications which achieved significant international recognition, include biosciences research institutions like the Instituto de Medicina Molecular, the Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, the IPATIMUP, and the Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular. Among the private universities, notable research centers include the Facial Emotion Expression Lab. Internationally notable state-supported research centres in other fields include the International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory‎, a joint research effort between Portugal and Spain. Among the largest non-state-run research institutions in Portugal are the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência and the Champalimaud Foundation which yearly awards one of the highest monetary prizes of any science prize in the world. A number of both national and multinational high-tech and industrial companies, are also responsible for research and development projects. One of the oldest learned societies of Portugal is the Sciences Academy of Lisbon. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The New University of Lisbon (Universidade Nova de Lisboa, pron. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... This article is about the concept. ... The phrase research and development (also R and D or R&D) has a special commercial significance apart from its conventional coupling of research and technological development. ... // State-Run Universities Universidade dos Açores (Azores) Universidade do Algarve (Faro) Universidade de Aveiro (Aveiro) Universidade da Beira Interior (Covilhã) Universidade de Coimbra (Coimbra) Universidade de Évora (Évora) Universidade de Lisboa (Lisbon) Universidade da Madeira (Madeira) Universidade do Minho (Braga and Guimarães) Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Lisbon) Universidade... The Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação (National Institute of Engineering, Technology and Innovation), usually known as INETI for short, is a state-run R&D institution in Portugal, with scientific and technological activities in areas like new systems, processes and products; environmental and sustainable management; geological resources... Biology studies the variety of life (clockwise from top-left) E. coli, tree fern, gazelle, Goliath beetle Biology is the science of life (from the Greek words bios = life and logos = word). ... The Instituto de Medicina Molecular (Institute of Molecular Medicine), or IMM for short, is an associated research institution of the University of Lisbon, in Lisbon, Portugal. ... The Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, best known by its acronym IPATIMUP (Portuguese: ), is a Portuguese non-profit institution of public utility dedicated to the health sciences research. ... The Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular) in Porto, Portugal, was founded in the 1990s as a multidisciplinary research institution in the fields of genetic diseases, infectious diseases and immunology, neuroscience, stress and structural biology. ... The Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (IGC) (Gulbenkian Science Institute) was founded and is supported by the Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian (FCG) to carry on biomedical research and education. ... The Champalimaud Foundation is a private Portuguese biomedical research foundation. ...

Portugal made agreements with several European scientific organizations aiming at full membership. These include the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), ITER, and the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Portugal has entered into cooperation agreements with MIT (USA) and other North American institutions in order to further develop and increase the effectiveness of Portuguese higher education and research. ESA redirects here. ... ITER is an international tokamak (magnetic confinement fusion) research/engineering project designed to prove the scientific and technological feasibility of a full-scale fusion power reactor. ... The European Southern Observatory (ESO) is an international astronomical organisation, composed and supported by ten countries from the European Union plus Switzerland. ... Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education logo Higher education in Portugal is divided into two main subsystems: university and polytechnic education, and it is provided in autonomous public universities, private universities, public or private polytechnic institutions and higher education institutions of other types. ...

Law

Main articles: Law of Portugal and Portuguese legal system

The Portuguese legal system is part of the civil law legal system, also called the continental family legal system. Until the end of the 19th century, French law was the main influence. Since then the major influence has been German law. The main laws include the Constitution (1976, as amended), the Civil Code (1966, as amended) and the Penal Code (1982, as amended). Other relevant laws are the Commercial Code (1888, as amended) and the Civil Procedure Code (1961, as amended). Portuguese law applied in the former colonies and territories and continues to be the major influence for those countries. The Portuguese legal system is part of the civil law or continental family of legal systems. ... The Portuguese legal system is part of the civil law or continental family of legal systems. ... The judiciarys independence and extensive responsibilities reflect the importance of the rule of law in the German system of government. ... A civil code is a systematic compilation of laws designed to comprehensively deal with the core areas of private law. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Criminal Code. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Religion

Jerónimos Monastery, Lisbon.

Main article: Religion in Portugal

Church and state were formally separated during the Portuguese First Republic (1910-26), a separation reiterated in the Portuguese Constitution of 1976. Portugal is a secular state. Other than the Constitution, the two most important documents relating to religious freedom are the 2001 Religious Freedom Act and the 1940 Concordata (as amended in 1971) between Portugal and the Holy See. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 945 KB) Description Mosteiro dos Jerónimos (Church) - Portugal Author: Raph Date: 9 August 2005 Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Manueline Metadata This file... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 945 KB) Description Mosteiro dos Jerónimos (Church) - Portugal Author: Raph Date: 9 August 2005 Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Manueline Metadata This file... The Hieronymites Monastery (Mosteiro dos Jerónimos, pron. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Interior of the Igreja de Santa Maria Jerónimos Monastery, Lisbon Portuguese society is overwhelmingly Roman Catholic. ... Constantines Conversion, depicting the conversion of Emperor Constantine the Great to Christianity, by Peter Paul Rubens. ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... The first Portuguese Constitution was drafted in 1822. ... It has been suggested that Laïcité be merged into this article or section. ... Freedom of religion is the individuals right or freedom to hold whatever religious beliefs he or she wishes, or none at all. ...

Portuguese society is overwhelmingly Roman Catholic. 84% of the population are nominally Roman Catholic, but only about 20% attend mass and take the sacraments regularly. A larger number wish to be baptized, married in the church, and receive last rites.^[15] The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...

Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a Christian origin or connotation. Although relations between the Portuguese state and the Roman Catholic Church were generally amiable and stable since the earliest years of the Portuguese nation, their relative power fluctuated. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the church enjoyed both riches and power stemming from its role in the reconquest and its close identification with early Portuguese nationalism and the foundation of the Portuguese educational system, including the first university. The growth of the Portuguese overseas empire made its missionaries important agents of colonization with important roles of evangelization and teaching in all inhabited continents. Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... For other uses, see Reconquista (disambiguation). ... The University of Coimbra (Portuguese: Universidade de Coimbra) is a Portuguese public university in Coimbra, Portugal. ... An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      A... For the historic phenomenon of colonization and imperialism, see colonialism. ... Evangelism is the proclaiming of the Christian Gospel. ... In education, teachers are those who teach students or pupils, often a course of study or a practical skill. ...

Culture

Main article: Culture of Portugal

Roman temple, Évora.

Portugal has developed a specific culture while being influenced by various civilizations that have crossed the Mediterranean and the European continent, or were introduced when it played an active role during the Age of Discovery. The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2760x1888, 3763 KB) Templo Romano, mais conhecido como Templo de Diana, situado em (Évora,Portugal) Roman Temple, known as Dianas Temple, in (Évora,Portugal) Created by: flissphil Upload by: User:Rei-artur Date: September 28, 2005 Foto: 59792142 File links... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2760x1888, 3763 KB) Templo Romano, mais conhecido como Templo de Diana, situado em (Évora,Portugal) Roman Temple, known as Dianas Temple, in (Évora,Portugal) Created by: flissphil Upload by: User:Rei-artur Date: September 28, 2005 Foto: 59792142 File links... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Alentejo  - Subregion Alentejo Central  - District or A.R. Évora Mayor Ernesto Oliveira  - Party PS Area 1,307. ... For additional context, see History of Portugal and Portuguese Empire. ...

Belém Tower, built in the 1510s and a symbol of the Age of Discovery, Lisbon.

Portuguese literature, one of the earliest Western literatures, developed through text and song. Until 1350, the Portuguese-Galician troubadours spread their literary influence to most of the Iberian Peninsula.^[16] Gil Vicente (ca. 1465 - ca. 1536), was one of the founders of both Portuguese and Spanish dramatic traditions. Adventurer and poet Luís de Camões (ca. 1524-1580) wrote the epic poem The Lusiads, with Virgil's Aeneid as his main influence. Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors such as Almeida Garrett, Camilo Castelo Branco, Eça de Queiroz, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, and António Lobo Antunes. Particularly popular and distinguished is José Saramago, winner of the 1998 Nobel Prize for literature. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 609 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1780 × 1752 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 609 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1780 × 1752 pixel, file size: 2. ... Belém Tower Belém Tower, or Torre de Belém, is a 5-storey fortified lighthouse located in the Belém district of Lisbon, Portugal. ... See also: Age of Sail and Afro-Asiatic age of discovery For the computer wargame, Age of Discovery, see Global Diplomacy. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... This is a survey of Portuguese literature. ... Galician-Portuguese (known as galaico-português or galego-português in Portuguese and galaico-portugués and galego-portugués in Galician) was an Iberian Romance language, spoken in the Middle Ages, in the western area of the Iberian Peninsula. ... For other uses, see Troubadour (disambiguation). ... Gil Vicente (c. ... Monument to Luís de Camões, Lisbon Luís Vaz de Camões (pron. ... Os Lusíadas (The Lusiads) is considered one of the finest and most important works in Portuguese literature. ... For other uses, see Virgil (disambiguation). ... Aeneas flees burning Troy, Federico Barocci, 1598 Galleria Borghese, Rome The Aeneid (IPA English pronunciation: ; in Latin Aeneis, pronounced — the title is Greek in form: genitive case Aeneidos) is a Latin epic written by Virgil in the 1st century BC (between 29 and 19 BC) that tells the legendary story... Fernando Pessoa Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (pron. ... João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett, 1st Viscount Almeida Garrett, pron. ... Camilo Castelo Branco (16th March 1825 - 1st June 1890) (sometimes called the Portuguese Balzac) was a portuguese writer born in Lisbon, he is creditted with 100 volumes of poems and plays, but is best known for his 58 novels. ... Eça de Queirós José Maria Eça de Queirós or Queiroz (pron. ... Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, GCSE, GCIH (Oporto, November 6, 1919 - Lisbon, July 2, 2004) was one of the most important Portuguese poets of the 20th century. ... António Lobo Antunes (born September 1, 1942) is a Portuguese novelist. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Nobel Prize in literature is awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced the most outstanding work of an idealistic tendency. The work in this case generally refers to an authors work as a whole, not to any individual work, though individual works are sometimes...

Belém Cultural Center, Lisbon.

Portuguese music encompasses a wide variety of genres. The most renowned is fado, a melancholy urban music, usually associated with the Portuguese guitar and saudade, or longing. Coimbra fado, a unique type of fado, is also noteworthy. Internationally notable performers include Amália Rodrigues, Carlos Paredes, José Afonso, Mariza, Carlos do Carmo, Mísia, and Madredeus. One of the most notable Portuguese musical groups outside the country, and specially in Germany, is the goth-metal band Moonspell. In addition to fado and folk, the Portuguese listen to pop and other types of modern music, particularly from North America and the United Kingdom, as well as a wide range of Portuguese and Brazilian artists and bands.^[17] Bands with international recognition include Blasted Mechanism and The Gift, both of which were nominated for an MTV Music Award. Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, and Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock in Lisbon. Out of the summer season, Portugal has a large number of festivals, designed more to an urban audience, like Flowfest or Hip Hop Porto. Furthermore, one of the largest international Goa trance festivals takes place in northern Portugal every two years, and the student festivals of Queima das Fitas are major events in a number of cities across Portugal. Image File history File links Centro_Cultural_Belem_1. ... Image File history File links Centro_Cultural_Belem_1. ... Belém Cultural Center, Lisbon The Belém Cultural Center (CCB - Centro Cultural de Belém), located in the Belém quarter of Lisbon, is the largest building with cultural facilities in Portugal. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Portugal is internationally known in the music scene for its traditions of fado, but the country has seen a recent expansion in musical styles, with modern acts from rock to hip hop becoming popular. ... Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which can be traced from the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. ... The Portuguese guitar, more specifically a Coimbra model, as shown on the cover of Carlos Paredes album, Guitarra Portuguesa. ... Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa by Carlos Paredes. ... Amália Rodrigues Amália Rodrigues, pron. ... Cover from Guitarra Portuguesa. ... José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso dos Santos, known as Zeca Afonso José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso dos Santos, better-known as Zeca Afonso or only Zeca (August 2, 1929 - February 23, 1987) was born in Aveiro, Portugal, son of José Nepomuceno Afonso, a judge, and Maria das Dores. ... Mariza, 2004 Mariza Reis Nunes (pron. ... Carlos do Carmo (born 1939) is a Portuguese fado singer, one of the finest in the Lisbon Song. He´s the son of another fado singer, Lucília do Carmo. ... Mísia is a Portuguese fado singer, born in Oporto, Portugal. ... Madredeus (pron. ... Moonspell is a Portuguese gothic-doom metal band, formed in 1992 and released their first EP Under the Moonspell in 1994, a year before of the release of their first album Wolfheart. ... North American redirects here. ... Blasted Mechanism is a Portuguese experimental electro-rock band known for its highly theatrical live shows which involve elaborated alien-themed costumes as a backdrop to their truly original music style. ... The Gift is a Portuguese alternative/electronic/rock band. ... The MTV Video Music Awards were established in 1984 by MTV to celebrate the top music videos of the year. ... TMN Sudoeste is a large, four-day music festival that began in 1996 and takes place every August near Zambujeira do Mar, in southern Portugal. ... Zambujeira do Mar is small fishing village on the Portuguese coast, a civil parish of Odemira municipality, in the Alentejo region. ... Paredes de Coura Festival is a rock festival that happens every year in August at Praia do Tabuão in Paredes de Coura, Portugal. ... Paredes de Coura is a town and a municipality in the north of Portugal, in the Viana do Castelo district. ... The Coura river during the festival in 2003. ... Location    - Country  Portugal  - Region Norte, Portugal  - Subregion Minho-Lima  - District or A.R. Viana do Castelo Mayor Júlia Costa  - Party PSD Area 137. ... Queen at Rock in Rio (1985) Rock in Rio was the biggest rock festival held in Brazil and also in Portugal. ... Super Bock Super Rock is a rock festival created in 1994 and that has attracted many stars since that time. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... Goa trance (often referred as Goa or by the number 604) is a form of electronic music and is a style of trance music which originated in the Indian state of Goa, as opposed to most other forms of trance music which appeared in Europe. ... The Queima das Fitas (portuguese for Burning of the Ribbons) is a traditional festivity of the students of some portuguese universities, organized originally by the students of the University of Coimbra. ...

In the Classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianist Maria João Pires, and in the past by the great cellist Guilhermina Suggia. Notable composers include Luís de Freitas Branco and his student Joly Braga Santos. Maria João Pires (born 1944) is a Portuguese classical pianist. ... Guilhermina Suggia (1885 - 1950) was a Portuguese-born cellist. ... Luís de Freitas Branco (Lisbon, 12 October 1890 — Lisbon, 27 November 1955) was a Portuguese composer and an academic. ... Joly Braga Santos (May 14, 1924-July 18. ...

Casa da Música (Music House), Porto

It has also a rich history as far as painting is concerned. The first well-known painters date back to the XV century – like Nuno Gonçalves - were part of the Gothic painting period. José Malhoa, known for his work Fado, and Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro (who painted the portraits of Teófilo Braga and Antero de Quental) were both references in naturalist painting. Casa da Música, in Porto, Portugal Taken by Joao Castro on April 14th, 2005 on the night of the first concert File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Casa da Música, in Porto, Portugal Taken by Joao Castro on April 14th, 2005 on the night of the first concert File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Outside view Casa da Música is a major concert hall space in Porto, Portugal which houses the cultural institution of the same name with its three orchestras Orchestra Nacional do Porto, Orchestra Barroca and Remix Ensemble. ... Oporto redirects here. ... Nuno Gonçalves was a 15th century Portuguese artist credited for the painting of the paineis de São Vicente de Fora (Saint Vincent Panels). ... José Vital Branco Malhoa, known simply as José Malhoa (April 28, 1855 ; October 26, 1933) was a Portuguese painter, born in Caldas da Rainha. ... Self portrait, oil on canvas, undated Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro (Lisbon, 21 November 1857- Lisbon 6 November 1929), who is usually referred to as Columbano, was a Portuguese painter. ... Teófilo Braga Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga, commonly known as Teófilo Braga (Ponta Delgada, Azores, February 24, 1843-Lisbon, January 28, 1924), was a Portuguese politician, writer and playwright. ... Antero de Quental, old spelling Anthero,(April 18, 1842 - September 11, Portuguese poet, was born on São Miguel Island, in the Azores. ...

Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisbon.

The 20th century saw the arrival of Modernism, and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly by the Delaunays. Among his best known works is Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro. Another great modernist painter/writer was Almada Negreiros, friend to the poet Fernando Pessoa, who painted his (Pessoa’s) portrait. He was deeply influenced by both Cubist and Futurist trends. Prominent international figures in visual arts nowadays include painters Vieira da Silva, Júlio Pomar, and Paula Rego. Traditional architecture is distinctive. Modern Portugal has given the world renowned architects like Eduardo Souto de Moura, Álvaro Siza Vieira and Gonçalo Byrne. Internally, Tomás Taveira is also noteworthy. Image File history File links Fundacao_Calouste_Gulbenkian_Lisboa. ... Image File history File links Fundacao_Calouste_Gulbenkian_Lisboa. ... The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian) is a Portuguese private institution of public utility whose statutory aims are in the fields of arts, charity, education and science. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... For Christian theological modernism, see Liberal Christianity and Modernism (Roman Catholicism). ... Amadeo de Souza Cardoso (Manhufe, Amarante, November 24, 1887 -Espinho, October 25, 1918) was a Portuguese painter of modern art, working in the style of the vanguard of his time. ... 1911. ... Almada Negreiros São Tomé and Príncipe, April 7, 1893-Lisbon, July 15, 1970 was a Portuguese painter,poet and writer. ... Fernando Pessoa Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (pron. ... Woman with a guitar by Georges Braque, 1913 Cubism was an avant-garde art movement that revolutionised European painting and sculpture in the early 20th century. ... Futurism was a 20th century art movement. ... Maria Helena Vieira da Silva (1908-1992) is a Portuguese-French abstractionist painter. ... Julio Pomar, GOL, GCM (born in Lisbon, 1926) is a Portuguese painter. ... Paula Figueiroa Rego, GCSE, pron. ... Eduardo Elisio Machado Souto de Moura (b. ... Álvaro Siza Vieira Berlin, Schlesische Straße, Building Bonjour Tristesse, by Álvaro Siza Vieira Álvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira, GOSE, GCIH, (born 25 June 1933 in Matosinhos), who signs as Álvaro Siza Vieira (pron. ... Gonçalo Byrne, GCIH (Alcobaça 1941) Portuguese Architect Gonçalo Byrne is responsible for a vast accomplishment of architectural work, and has been awarded with many national and international prizes. ... Tomás Taveira (born 1938) is a Portuguese architect. ...

Since the 1990s, Portugal has increased the number of public cultural facilities, in addition to the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established in 1956 in Lisbon. These include the Belém Cultural Center in Lisbon, Serralves Foundation and the Casa da Música, both in Porto, as well as new public cultural facilities like municipal libraries and concert halls which were built or renovated in many municipalities across the country. The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian) is a Portuguese private institution of public utility whose statutory aims are in the fields of arts, charity, education and science. ... Belém Cultural Center, Lisbon The Belém Cultural Center (CCB - Centro Cultural de Belém), located in the Belém quarter of Lisbon, is the largest building with cultural facilities in Portugal. ... Serralves Foundation (Fundação de Serralves) is an art foundation in Porto, Portugal. ... Outside view Casa da Música is a major concert hall space in Porto, Portugal which houses the cultural institution of the same name with its three orchestras Orchestra Nacional do Porto, Orchestra Barroca and Remix Ensemble. ... Oporto redirects here. ...

Cuisine

Pastéis de Nata (cream custards).

Main articles: Portuguese Cuisine and Portuguese Wine

Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada. Typical Portuguese meat recipes, that may take beef, pork, lamb, or chicken, include feijoada, cozido à portuguesa, frango de churrasco, and carne de porco à alentejana. Image File history File links Pasteis. ... Image File history File links Pasteis. ... Pastel de Nata or Pastel de Belém is a small cream tart found throughout Portugals pastry shops or cafés. ... Portuguese cuisine is characterised by rich, filling and full-flavoured dishes and is a prime example of Mediterranean diet. ... The traditional rebelo boat, used to transport Port Wine from the Douro Valley to the cellars near the city of Porto. ... COD may refer to many different topics, including: Cash on delivery Completion of discharge, shipping College of DuPage, a public Junior College with campuses in the suburbs of Chicago Call of Duty (series), a series of computer games Canadian Oxford Dictionary Carrier onboard delivery Catastrophic optical damage, a failure mode... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Sardines can refer to: The plural of sardine, a species of fish. ... Caldeirada is a typical Portuguese stew consisting of a large variety of fish, and sometimes shellfish, with potatoes, tomato and onion. ... For other uses, see Beef (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Pork (disambiguation). ... Sheep redirects here. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Brazilian Feijoada and common accompanying dishes. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Typical Brazilian churrasco. ... Carne de Porco à Alentejana is one of the most traditional pork dishes of Portuguese cuisine, and it is typical from the Alentejo region, in Portugal. ...

Vintage port from 1870 and 1873.

Typical fast food dishes include the francesinha from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork), prego (grilled beef) or leitão (piglet) sandwiches which are well known around the country. The Portuguese art of pastry has its origins in ancient recipes of which pastéis de Belém (or pastéis de nata) originally from Lisbon, and ovos-moles from Aveiro are good examples. Portuguese cuisine is very diverse, with different regions having their own traditional dishes. The Portuguese have a cult for good food and throughout the country there are myriads of good restaurants and small typical tascas. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 419 KB) [edit] Summary [edit] Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Port wine Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 419 KB) [edit] Summary [edit] Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Port wine Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... A glass of tawny port. ... Fast food is food prepared and served quickly at a fast-food restaurant or shop at low cost. ... Francesinha Francesinha (meaning Little French Girl in English) is a Portuguese food originally from Porto, made with wet-cured ham, linguiça, fresh sausage like chipolata, steak or roast meat and covered with molten cheese and a hot thick tomato and beer sauce. ... For other uses, see Pig (disambiguation). ... This article is about the food item. ... Basket of western-style pastries, for breakfast Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Pastries For the Pastry Distributed Hash Table, see Pastry (DHT). ... Pastéis de nata (cream custards) Pastel de Nata (pron. ... Ovos-moles is a local delicacy from Aveiro, Portugal, made of egg yolks and sugar. ...

Portuguese wines have deserved international recognition since the times of the Roman Empire, which associated Portugal with their God Bacchus. Today the country is known by wine lovers and its wines have won several international prizes. Some of the best Portuguese wines are: Vinho Verde, Vinho Alvarinho, Vinho do Douro, Vinho do Alentejo, Vinho do Dão, Vinho da Bairrada and the sweet: Port Wine, Madeira Wine and the Moscatel from Setúbal and Favaios. Port Wine is well known around the world and the most widely known wine type in the world. The Douro wine region is the oldest in the world. This article is about the ancient deity. ... Vinho Verde is Portuguese and literally means Green Wine. There are red, white and, more rarely, rosé varieties of the appellation Vinho Verde, but only the white wines are exported. ... Vinho Alvarinho is a special breed of white Vinho Verde, protected for the small sub-region of Monção, Portugal and it has more alcohol than the other varieties (11. ... The Douro wine (or Vinho do Douro), from the same region of Port Wines, were bitter wines, but the relation between Portugal and England, had toke the English to enrich this wine with a kind of Portuguese Brandy known has aguardente for it to support a voyage from Portugal to... Vinho do Alentejo (Alentejo Wines) are wines produced in the Alentejo region of Portugal. ... Dão Wine (or Vinho do Dão) is from the Região Demarcada do Dão, a region demarcated in 1908, but already in 1390 there were taken some measures to protect this wine. ... Bairrada wine, vinho da Bairrada, is produced in the Região Demarcada da Bairrada,in Beira Litoral,central Portugal. ... A glass of tawny port. ... Madeira is a fortified wine made in the Madeira Islands of Portugal, which is prized equally for drinking and cooking; the latter use including the dessert plum in Madeira. ... The muscat family of grapes grow widely for wine, raisins and table grapes. ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Lisboa  - Subregion Península de Setúbal  - District or A.R. Setúbal Mayor Maria das Dores Meira  - Party CDU Area 171. ... Favaios is a freguesia of Alijó municipality, in Portugal. ... The Douro or Duero (Latin: Durius, Spanish: Duero, Portuguese: Douro, pron. ...

Sports and games

Main article: Sport in Portugal

Portuguese football fans supporting the national team.

Football is the most known, loved and played sport. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history and Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo are among the numerous examples of other world-class footballers born in Portugal and noted worldwide. The national sport of Portugal is football (soccer). ... Image File history File links Portugiesische_Fans_bei_der_Euro_2004. ... Image File history File links Portugiesische_Fans_bei_der_Euro_2004. ... Soccer redirects here. ... First International Spain 3 - 1 Portugal (Madrid, Spain; 18 November 1921) Largest win Portugal 8 - 0 Liechtenstein (Lisbon, Portugal; 18 November 1994) Portugal 8 - 0 Liechtenstein (Coimbra, Portugal; 9 June 1999) Portugal 8 - 0 Kuwait (Leiria, Portugal; 19 November 2003) Worst defeat Portugal 0 - 8 England (Lisbon, Portugal; 25 May... Soccer redirects here. ... Eusébio da Silva Ferreira, GCIH, GCM (pron. ... Luís Filipe Madeira Caeiro Figo, (born 4 November 1972 in Almada, Portugal) is a professional Portuguese footballer. ... Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro, OIH (pron. ...

The Portuguese national teams, have titles in the FIFA World Youth Championship and in the UEFA youth championships. The main national team - Selecção Nacional - finished second in Euro 2004, reached the third place in the 1966 FIFA World Cup, and reached the fourth place in the 2006 FIFA World Cup, their best results in major competitions to date. First international Spain 3 - 1 Portugal (Madrid, Spain; 18 December 1921) Biggest win Portugal 8 - 0 Liechtenstein (Lisbon, Portugal; 18 November 1994) Portugal 8 - 0 Liechtenstein (Coimbra, Portugal; 9 June 1999) Portugal 8 - 0 Kuwait (Leiria, Portugal; 19 November 2003) Biggest defeat Portugal 0 - 10 England (Lisbon, Portugal; 25 May... The FIFA World Youth Championship is the world championship of football for male players under the age of 20 and is organized by Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA). ... The Union Européenne de Football Association or Union of European Football Associations in English, almost always referred to by the acronym UEFA (pronounced (you-AY-fuh) or (oo-Ay-fuh) or ), is the administrative and controlling body for European football. ... Euro 2004 Logo The 2004 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly called Euro 2004, was held in Portugal between 12 June and 4 July 2004. ... Qualifying countries The 1966 FIFA World Cup, the eighth staging of the World Cup, was held in England from July 11 to July 30. ... 2006 World Cup redirects here. ...

F.C. Porto, S.L. Benfica and Sporting C.P. are the largest sports clubs by popularity and in terms of trophies won, often known as "os três grandes" ("the big three"). They have a number of titles won in the European UEFA club competitions, were present in many finals and have been regular contenders in the last stages almost every season. Other than football, many Portuguese sports clubs, including the "big three", compete in several other sports events with a varying level of success and popularity. Futebol Clube do Porto (pron. ... For other uses, see Benfica (disambiguation). ... Sporting Clube de Portugal (pron. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The big three (os três grandes) is the nickname of the three most powerful sports clubs in Portugal. ... The Union Européenne de Football Association or Union of European Football Associations in English, almost always referred to by the acronym UEFA (pronounced (you-AY-fuh) or (oo-Ay-fuh) or ), is the administrative and controlling body for European football. ...

Pavilhão Atlântico (Atlantic Pavilion), an indoor sports venue and concert hall in Lisbon.

Portugal has a successful rink hockey team, with 15 world titles and 20 european titles, making it the country with the most wins in both competitions. The most successful Portuguese rink hockey clubs in the history of European championships are F.C. Porto, S.L. Benfica, Sporting CP, and Óquei de Barcelos. Pavilhão Atlântico is an arena in Lisbon, Portugal. ... Rink hockey is a variant of Roller hockey and is one of the three most popular hockey variants, along with Field hockey and Ice Hockey. ... The Rink Hockey (Hardball Hockey, Hoquei em Patins, Roller Hockey, Hockey Patín) World Championship is a competition also referred to as the World Championship - A between the best male national teams in the World. ... The Rink Hockey European Championship is a rink hockey competition with the national teams of European countries that happens every two years. ... Club Name FC Porto Image Arena Porto Portugal Manager Franklim Pais League Portuguese Rink Hockey Championship Position 2005-06 Champion Website www. ... Club Name SL Benfica Image Arena Lisbon Portugal Manager Carlos Dantas League Portuguese Rink Hockey Championship Position 2005-06 2nd Website www. ... Sporting Clube de Portugal, often known outside Portugal as Sporting Lisbon, is a sports club that is best known for having one of the best football teams in Portugal. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...

The national rugby union team made a dramatic qualification into the 2007 Rugby World Cup and become the first all amateur team to qualify for the World Cup since the dawn of the professional era. The Portuguese national team of rugby sevens has performed well, becoming one of the strongest teams in Europe, and proved their status as European champions in several occasions. First international  Portugal 5 - 6 Spain  (1935-04-13) Largest win  Portugal 55 - 11 Netherlands  (1996-11-24) Worst defeat  New Zealand 108 - 13 Portugal  (2007-09-15) World Cup Appearances 1 (First in 2007) Best result No games won The Portugal national rugby union team, nicknamed Os Lobos, Portuguese... The 2007 Rugby World Cup is the sixth Rugby World Cup, a quadrennial international rugby union world championship inaugurated in 1987. ... Bold text // Rugby sevens being played at the 2006 Commonwealth Games, which was held at Melbournes Telstra Dome. ...

Rui Silva, in men's athletics, has won several gold, silver and bronze medals in the European, World and Olympic Games competitions. Francis Obikwelu in the 100 m and the 200 m, had silver in the 2004 Summer Olympics. Naide Gomes in pentathlon and long jump, is another Portuguese elite athlete, which led to a gold medal in the 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships' long jump competition. In the triathlon, Vanessa Fernandes, has won a large number of medals and major competitions across the world and in 2007 became the world champion both in Triathlon and Duathlon. In judo, Telma Monteiro is European champion in the women's under-52 kg category. Nelson Évora is world champion in triple jump. Rui Silva (born August 3, 1977) is a Portuguese athlete. ... Francis Obiorah Obikwelu, born November 22, 1978 in Nigeria and a Portuguese citizen since 2001, is a sprint athlete specializing in 100 m and 200 m, who finished second in the 100 m at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, the first medal ever in athletics sprinting events for... The ceremony for the lighting of the flame is arranged as a pagan pageant, with priestesses dancing. ... Enezaide[1] do Rosário da Vera Cruz Gomes, OIH, (born November 20, 1979) is a Portuguese heptathlete, born in São Tomé and Príncipe. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Long jumper at the GE Money Grand Prix in Helsinki, July 2005. ... The 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics will be held in Valencia, Spain in March, 2008 at the Luis Puig Palace. ... This article is about a type of athletic competition. ... Vanessa Fernandes (born September 14, 1985) is an athlete from Portugal. ... This article is about a type of athletic competition. ... Duathlon is an athletic event (not to be confused with biathlon) that consists of a running leg, followed by a cycling leg and then another running leg in a format bearing some resemblance to triathlons. ... This article is about the martial art and sport. ... Telma Monteiro (b. ... Nelson Évora (born April 20, 1984) is a Portuguese athlete who specializes in the triple jump (current world champion) and long jump. ... This article is about the athletics event. ...

Cycling, with Volta a Portugal being the most important race, is also a popular sports event and include professional cycling teams such as S.L. Benfica, Boavista, Clube de Ciclismo de Tavira, and União Ciclista da Maia. Noted Portuguese cyclists include, among others, names as Joaquim Agostinho, Marco Chagas, José Azevedo and Sérgio Paulinho (an olympic medalist in Athens). Cycling is the use of bicycles, or - less commonly - unicycles, tricycles, quadricycles and other similar wheeled human powered vehicles (HPVs) as a means of transport, a form of recreation or a sport. ... The Volta a Portugal is a long distance road bicycle race for professionals held in Portugal. ... Sport Lisboa e Benfica has a new Cycling team that will start competing in 2007. ... The professional cycling team Carvalhelhos-Boavista is a Portuguese Team based in Porto. ... The professional cycling team Duja/Tavira is a Portuguese Team based in Tavira. ... The professional cycling team LA-MSS Maia is a Portuguese Team based in Maia. ... Joaquim Agostinho, was born on the 7th of April 1943, in Brejenjas, a small village that borders upon the vila of Praia de Santa Cruz, parish of Silveira and council of Torres Vedras. ... Marco Chagas (born November 19, 1956, in Pontevel) was a Portuguese professional bicycle racer. ... José Azevedo (born 19 September 1973 in Vila do Conde) is a notable Portuguese professional cyclist. ... Sérgio Miguel Moreira Paulinho (born March 26, 1980) is a Portuguese cyclist. ...

The country has also achieved notable performances in sports like fencing, surfing, windsurf, kitesurf, kayaking, sailing and shooting, among others. The paralympic athletes have also conquered many medals in sports like swimming, boccia and wrestling. Portugal has its own original martial art, jogo do pau, in which the fighters use staffs to confront one or several opponents. This article is about the sport, which is distinguished from stage fencing and academic fencing (mensur). ... For other uses, see Surfing (disambiguation). ... Windsurfing in Essex, England Windsurfing (also called boardsailing) is a sport involving travel over water on a small 2-4. ... Kiteboarders use inflatable kites tethered to harnesses to glide through water and air. ... Sea Kayaking at Wilsons Promontory in Victoria, Australia Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water. ... For either of the songs named Sailing, see Sailing (song). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Silver 2004 The Paralympic Games are an official equivalent of the Olympics for athletes with physical disabilities. ... Swimmer redirects here. ... Boccia is a competitive sport, similar to bowls (but closer to bocce as the balls are not biased), but designed to be played by people with disabilities _ specifically, cerebral palsy and other locomotor disabilities (those which affect motor skills). ... Ancient Greek wrestlers (Pankratiasts) Wrestling is the act of physical engagement between two unarmed persons, in which each wrestler strives to get an advantage over or control of their opponent. ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... Jogo do Pau. ...

International rankings

Political and economic rankings

• Political freedom ratings - Free; political rights and civil liberties both rated 1 (the highest score available)
  • Press freedom - 8th freest, at 2.00
• GDP per capita - 34th highest, at I$22,677
• Human Development Index - 29th highest, at 0.897
• Income Equality - 59th most equal, at 38.5 (Gini Index)
• Unemployment rate - 98th lowest, at 8.00%
• Corruption - 28th least corrupt, at 6.5 on index
• Economic Freedom - 30th freest, at 2.29 on index

This map reflects the findings of Freedom Houses 2006 survey Freedom in the World, concerning the state of world freedom in 2005. ... Reporters Without Borders, or RWB (French: Reporters sans frontières, Spanish: Reporteros Sin Fronteras, or RSF) is a French origin international non-governmental organization that advocates freedom of the press, founded by its current general-secretary, Robert Menard. ... The international dollar is a hypothetical unit of currency that has the same purchasing power that the U.S. dollar has in the United States at a given point in time. ... World map of the Gini coefficient This is a list of countries or dependencies by Income inequality metrics, sorted in ascending order according to their Gini coefficient. ... The Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality developed by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini and published in his 1912 paper Variabilità e mutabilità. It is usually used to measure income inequality, but can be used to measure any form of uneven distribution. ...

Health rankings

• Fertility rate- 188th most fertile, at 1.48 per woman
  • Birth rate - 167th most births, at 10.50 per 1000 people
• Death rate - 52nd highest death rate, at 10.60 per 1000 people
• Life Expectancy - 49th highest, at 77.87 years
  • Suicide Rate - 42nd highest suicide rate, at 18.9 for males and 4.9 for females
• HIV/AIDS rate - 73rd most cases, at 0.40%

Map of countries and territories by fertility rate Graph of Total Fertility Rates vs. ... This article is under construction. ... World map of suicide rates per 100,000. ... People living with HIV/AIDS by country The adult HIV prevalence at the end of 2004 This is a list of countries and territories by people living with HIV/AIDS and the prevalence rate among adults, based on data from various sources, such as the The CIA World Factbook [1...

Other rankings

• Global Peace Index - 7th highest (2008), out of 121 countries
• CO₂ emissions - 68th highest emissions, at 5.63 tonnes per capita
• Electricity Consumption - 44th highest consumption of electricity, at 44,010,000,000 kWh
• Broadband uptake - 21st highest uptake in OECD, at 11.5%
• Beer consumption - 22nd highest, at 59.6 litres per capita
• Wine consumption - 4th highest, at 53.0 litres per capita
• Wine production - 7th highest, at 953 million litres (not long ago ranked 4th with twice the output)

World map of the Global Peace Index The Global Peace Index is an attempt to measure the relative position of nations’ and regions’ peacefulness. ... Insert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text here CO2 emission per capita per year per country This is a list of countriesafsdafdasfsdfsfsdfafsafsdafsadfs by carbon dioxide emissions per capita from 1990 through 2003. ... This article is becoming very long. ... The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organization of those developed countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and a free market economy. ... This is a list of countries ordered by per-capita consumption of beer, as of 2004. ...

Facts and figures

• Official date format: YYYY/MM/DD (ex. 2006/09/08)
• Common date format: DD/MM/YYYY (ex. 06/09/2006), dates are written out as DD de MM de YYYY (ex. 18 de Agosto de 2005)
• Decimal separator is a comma: 123,45
• Thousands are officially separated by a space — 10 000 — although the point is widely used — 10.000

Main article: Linguistic issues concerning the euro#Portuguese

• The euro sign is commonly placed either before or after the amount, with the separator either a comma or a point: 10,95 € - € 10,95 - € 10.95 - 10.95 €

Main article: Postal code#Portugal

A date in a calendar is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system. ... A date in a calendar is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system. ... For other uses, see Decimal (disambiguation). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Postcodes are generally clearly visible outside Australia Post offices. ...

See also

Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... The following is a list of Portugal-related articles: Contents: Top - 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0-9 1383-1385 Crisis - 1755 Lisbon earthquake - A Azores - Angola... Portugal is a European nation whose origins go back to the Early Middle Ages. ... This is a historical timeline of Portugal. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Castile in 1139, to the beginning of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ... Oestreminis are deemed to be the first native people of Portugal. ... Ophiussa is the ancient name given by the ancient Greeks to the Portuguese territory. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Iberian Peninsula. ... In red is the province of Lusitania within the Roman Empire, AD 117 Lusitania was an ancient Roman province including approximately all of modern Portugal south of the Douro river, and part of modern Spain (the present autonomous community of Extremadura and a small part of the province of Salamanca). ... Gallaecia or Callaecia (from Gaulish *gal-laikos smoke?-hero/warrior) was the name of a Roman province that comprised a territory in the north-west of Hispania (approximately the current Galicia of Spain and the north of Portugal). ... The Lusitanians (or Lusitani in Latin) were a tribe, or various tribes, from the western Iberian peninsula (province of Lusitania), who spoke a Lusitanian language until the conquest of their territory by the Romans. ... Suebi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The Buri first appear in history as a Germanic tribe mentioned in the Germania of Tacitus, where they close the back of the Marcomanni and Quadi of Bohemia and Moravia. ... A votive crown belonging to Reccesuinth (653–672) The Visigoths (Latin: ) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe, the Ostrogoths being the other. ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... History of Portugal Series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383-1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... Founded in 1318, the Military Order of Christ (Ordem dos Cavaleiros de Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo) was the heritage of the Knights Templar in Portugal, after the suppression of the Templars in 1312. ... The 1383–1385 crisis is a period of civil war and anarchy in Portuguese history that began with the death of King Fernando I of Portugal, who left no male heirs, and ended with the accession to the throne of King João I in 1385, in the wake of... Belligerents Portugal with English allies Castile with Portuguese and French allies Commanders John I of Portugal Nuno Álvares Pereira John I of Castile Strength 6,500 men 31,000 men The Battle of Aljubarrota (pronounced ) took place on August 14, 1385, between the forces commanded by King John I of... The Consolidation of the Monarchy in Portugal (1279-1415) The chief problems now confronting the monarchy were no longer military, but social, economic and constitutional, it is true that the reign of Diniz was not a period of uninterrupted peace. ... For additional context, see History of Portugal. ... Cantino planisphere of 1502 depicting the meridian designated by the treaty. ... An anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999). ... This 1755 copper engraving shows the ruins of Lisbon in flames and a tsunami overwhelming the ships in the harbor. ... For the 1862 American Civil War campaign, see Peninsula Campaign. ... Pedro IV of Portugal, I of Brazil Miguel I of Portugal The Liberal Wars, also known as the Portuguese Civil War, the War of the Two Brothers, or Miguelite War, was a war between progressive constitutionalists and authoritarian absolutists in Portugal over royal succession that lasted from 1828 to 1834. ... Estado Novo (Portuguese for New State; pron. ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, leftist, military-led coup détat, started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC... The Portuguese Armed Forces (Portuguese: Forças Armadas Portuguesas or FAP) are divided into three branches: Army (Exército Português) Navy (Marinha Portuguesa) Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa) In the 20th century, Portugal had only two major military interventions, the first one in the 1st World War... The four main organs of the national government are the presidency, the prime minister and Council of Ministers (the government), the Assembly of the Republic (the parliament), and the judiciary. ... The first Portuguese Constitution was drafted in 1822. ... Categories: Lists of office-holders | Portugal | Presidents of Portugal ... São Bento Palace, home of the Portuguese Parliament. ... The Government is one of the four sovereignty organs of the Portuguese Republic. ... Political parties in Portugal lists political parties in Portugal. ... The Council of State is an organ established by the Constitution of Portugal to advise the President of the Republic of Portugal in the exercise of many of his discretionary, reserve powers. ... The exercise of diplomacy by the authorities of the sovereign state of Portugal extends as far back as 1139. ... Elections in Portugal gives information on election and election results in Portugal. ... // Districts There are 18 Districts (distritos, singular - distrito) in mainland Portugal: note: Territorial division in Portugal is currently in flux, because of planned centralization. ... The flag of Portugal consists of a rectangular (ratio 2:3) uneven vertical bicolor, that is, a field vertically divided into two unequal stripes of green, at the hoist, and red, at the fly. ... The Coat of Arms of Portugal was officially adopted in 30 June 1911, along with the Republican Flag of Portugal. ... Serra da Estrela (English: Mountain of the Star) is the highest mountain range in Portugal and includes mainland Portugals highest peak (Pico mountain in the Portuguese Azores islands is higher), which has a natural altitude of 1993 m (around 6541 feet). ... The Peneda-Gerês National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês), also known simply as Gerês, is the only National Park in Portugal (although many Natural Parks, Protected Landscapes and Reserves across the entire country). ... This is a list of islands of Portugal. ... Motto:  (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem:  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Ethnic groups  Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,346 km² (n/a... Location Motto of the autonomous region: Das ilhas, as mais belas e livres (Portuguese: Of the islands, the most beautiful and free) Official language Portuguese Capital Funchal Other towns Porto Santo, Machico, Santa Cruz, Câmara de Lobos, Santana, Ribeira Brava, Caniço Area 797 km² Population  - Total (1991)  - Density... The following tables show the correspondence between ancient Roman names and modern names for locations in Portugal. ... This is a list of cities in Portugal. ... Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (Lisbon Metropolitan Area, AML) is a territorial zone that includes 18 municipalities. ... In Portugal, Greater Porto is composed of Porto, Matosinhos, Maia, Póvoa de Varzim, Vila do Conde, Valongo, Vila Nova de Gaia in the Porto District, and also Espinho in the Aveiro District. ... Many of the municipalities of Portugal are older than the country itself. ... Portugal has the 3rd largest Exclusive Economic Zone of the EU and the 11th in the world. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... Portuguese euro coins show three different designs for each of the three series of coins. ... . ... The Banco de Portugal is the central bank of the Republic of Portugal. ... ĢÕãÒòùäÊŞ Ä‚ ßõî ŔûñÑèđ òΝ ýëŗ pæŇţž This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... The regulatory body for communications is ANACOM. Telephones - main lines in use: 4. ... // Railways total: 2,850 km broad gauge: 2,576 km 1. ... The Lisbon Metro is the metro (subway) system that provides Lisbon, Portugal with mass-transit services. ... The Porto Metro (Metro do Porto), part of the mass transit public transport system of Porto, Portugal, is a network of electrified railways that run underground in central Porto and above ground into the citys suburbs. ... As of 2005 Portugal has 10. ... Languages Portuguese Religions Predominantly Roman Catholic Related ethnic groups Galicians and other Spaniards, Italians, French The Portuguese people (Portuguese: ; literally the Portuguese) are the ethnic group or nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. ... The Portuguese language developed in the Western Iberian Peninsula from Latin brought there by Roman soldiers and colonists starting in the 3rd century BC. It began to diverge from other Romance languages after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the barbarian invasions in the 5th century, and started... The Mirandese language (Lhéngua Mirandesa in Mirandese; Língua Mirandesa or Mirandês in Portuguese) is spoken in northeastern Portugal. ... Barranquenho (Barranquenhu; English: Barrancainian) is a dialect of Portuguese heavily influenced by Extremaduran spoken in the Portuguese town of Barrancos (in the border between Extremadura and Andalusia, in Spain, and Portugal). ... Lusitanian (or Ancient Portuguese) Gods were later related with the Celtic and Roman invaders. ... The Catholic Church in Portugal is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ... The Patriarch of Lisbon is one of the few western Patriarchs in the Roman Catholic Church, an honorary title without actual authority except for the Patriarch of Rome, as Pope. ... The region around the city of Braga, in today Portugal, was an important centre for the spreading of Christendom in the Iberian Peninsula. ... An Inquisition - Auto-da-fe. ... Our Lady of Fatima Our Lady of Fatima (pron. ... The history of the Jews in Portugal is directly related to Sephardi history, a Jewish ethnic division that represents communities who have originated in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain, Portugal, Gibraltar, but also Morocco). ... The Belmonte Jews are a community that survived in secrecy for hundreds of years by maintaining a tradition of intermarriage and by hiding all the external signs of their faith. ... According to adherents. ... There was also a Hindu community of approximately 7,000 persons, which largely traced its origins to South Asians who emigrated from Lusophone Africa and from the former colony of Goa in India [1] Hindus in Portugal are mainly Gujaratis, Punjabis and Goanese Hindus. ... The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... Portugal is internationally known in the music scene for its traditions of fado, but the country has seen a recent expansion in musical styles, with modern acts from rock to hip hop becoming popular. ... Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which can be traced from the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. ... Portuguese hip hop (Hip hop português) mostly known as Hip Hop Tuga is the Portuguese variety of hip hop music, although different because it is mixed with African music from Lusophone Africa and reggae. ... This music article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Portuguese rock scene hit mainstream in 1980 with the release of Ar de Rock by Rui Veloso, which was the first popular Portuguese rock song. ... The Portuguese guitar, more specifically a Coimbra model, as shown on the cover of Carlos Paredes album, Guitarra Portuguesa. ... The cavaquinho is a small string instrument (like the ukulele) of the European guitar family with four wires or gut strings. ... This is a survey of Portuguese literature. ... Portuguese cuisine is characterised by rich, filling and full-flavoured dishes and is a prime example of Mediterranean diet. ... One of the boats used to transport Port Wine from the Douro Valley to the cellars near the city of Porto. ... A glass of tawny port. ... Madeira is a fortified wine made in the Madeira Islands of Portugal, which is prized equally for drinking and cooking; the latter use including the dessert plum in Madeira. ... Vinho Verde is Portuguese and literally means Green Wine. There are red, white and, more rarely, rosé varieties of the appellation Vinho Verde, but only the white wines are exported. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Centum cellas, Roman ruin Since the 2nd millennium BC, there has been important construction in the area where Portugal is situated today. ... Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education logo Higher education in Portugal is divided into two main subsystems: university and polytechnic education, and it is provided in autonomous public universities, private universities, public or private polytechnic institutions and higher education institutions of other types. ... This is a list of Portuguese institutions providing higher education. ... Science and technology in Portugal is mainly conducted within a network of R&D units belonging to public universities and state-managed autonomous research institutions like the INETI - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação and LNEC - Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil. ... Portugal is a country with a long History. ... Portuguese Calçada Calçada Portuguesa is the traditional paving used in most pedestrian areas in Portugal. ... The following is a list of notable and historically significant people from Portugal. ... 474 bird species have been recorded in Portugal, including its outlying islands. ... The Federação Escutista de Portugal (FEP, Scouting Federation of Portugal) is the national Scouting federation of Portugal. ... Lusophilia (Lusofilía) is the friendship, simpathy or love towards/of Portugal and/or Portuguese (from latin Lusitania - Roman province of modern Portugal - and philia (Greek: φιλíα) or simpathy) as opposed by lusophobia. ... Lusophobia (Lusofobia) is a hostility toward Portugal or the Portuguese language. ... A Lusophone is someone who speaks the Portuguese language natively or by adoption. ... Lusitanic is a term used to categorize persons who share the linguistic and cultural traditions of the Portuguese-speaking nations of Portugal, Brazil, Macau, East Timor, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea Bissau and others. ...

Notes

References

Berlaymont, the Commissions seat The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. ... The World Factbook (ISSN 1553-8133; also known as the CIA World Factbook)[2] is an annual publication of the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. ... The Economist is an English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London. ... RTP headquarters in Cabo Ruivo, Lisbon. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pronounced is known as a financial market data provider and a news service that provides reports from around the world to newspapers and broadcasters. ... Jave La Grandes east coast: from Nicholas Vallards atlas, 1547. ... The Financial Times (FT) is a British international business newspaper. ... The Financial Times (FT) is a British international business newspaper. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Sources

External links

• (English)/(Portuguese) Official Portuguese Government website
• (English) Official Parliament website
• (English) Official Travel and Tourism office website
• (English) Wikitravel guide to Portugal
• Wikimedia Atlas of Portugal
• (English) Portugal in Photography 2007
• (English) Portugal entry at The World Factbook

Coordinates: 38°42′N, 9°11′W Portugal was the leading country in the European exploration of the world in the 15th century. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...