Reform Movement redirects here. For specific organizations by that name, see Reform Movement (disambiguation)

A reform movement is a kind of social movement that aims to make gradual change, or change in certain aspects of the society rather than rapid or fundamental changes. Reformists' ideas are often grounded in liberalism. It is distinguished from more radical social movements such as revolutionary movements or transformational movements. Reactionary movements, which can arise against any of these, attempt to put things back the way they were before whatever successes of the new movement(s), or prevent any such successes in the first place. Reform Movement can refer to: Reform Movement (Guatemala), a political party Reform Movement (Ireland), an Irish organisation Reform Movement (Judaism), a progressive Jewish religious group See reform movement for discussion of reform movements in the general sense. ... American Civil Rights Movement is one of the most famous social movements of the 20th century. ... Young people interacting within an ethnically diverse society. ... Liberalism is an ideology, philosophical view, and political tradition which holds that liberty is the primary political value. ... This article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. ...

Great Britain/United Kingdom: Reform movements from the late 18th century

1. Parliamentary Reform
   1. The Radical movement campaigned for electoral reform, and eventually led to formation of the United Kingdom Liberal Party. Among the actions taken by the Liberals of the UK was the Reform Bill of 1832 which provided the rising middle and working class British citizens more political power particularly reserved for districts undisturbed by the Industrial Revolution. This Bill, under resistance from the House of Lords, gave more parliamentary power to liberals, and resulted in the creation of the Liberal Party. Wealthy business owners and high ranking officials created the Conservative Party in opposition to the rising strength of the liberal labourers. Did not occur in USA
   2. The Chartist movement sought Universal suffrage. Initially, the idea of male suffrage was the goal of Chartists but later evolved to the idea of universal suffrage. The goal of this movement was to redraw the parliamentary districts within Great Britain and create a salary system for elected officials so workers could afford to represent their constituents without a burden on their families. While the Chartist movement faded in under 10 years, laborers in industrial areas found a greater deal of political representation. Unfortunately, the same could not be said for those workers in poverty and most social classes of women in Great Britain.
   3. The Suffragette movement campaigned for the vote for women
   4. Benjamin Disraeli and William Gladstone of Great Britain's Liberal and Conservative Party respectively served as Prime Ministers during Great Britain's Reform Movement. Disraeli saw British control of the Suez Canal and India with Queen Victoria becoming the Empress. Gladstone approached politics on a more aggressive level. Among the reforms he helped Parliament pass was a national education system on the elementary level through the Education Act of 1870. In 1872, the Prime Minister saw the implementation of a secret ballot as a method preventing voter cohercion, trickery and bribery. By 1885, Gladstone readjusted the parliamentary district lines by making each district equal in population, preventing one MP from having greater influence than another.

The term Radical (latin radix meaning root) has been used since the late 18th century as a label in political science for those favoring or trying to produce thoroughgoing political reforms which can include changes to the social order to a greater or lesser extent. ... Electoral reform projects seek to change the way that public desires are reflected in elections through electoral systems. ... This article is about the historic Liberal Party. ... The British Reform Act of 1832 (2 & 3 Will. ... A Watt steam engine in Madrid. ... The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative & Unionist Party) is currently the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), and the largest in terms of public membership. ... Universal suffrage (also general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of suffrage to all adults, without distinction as to race, sex, belief, or social status. ... A movement for social and political reform in the United Kingdom during the mid_19th century, Chartism gains its name from the Peoples Charter of 1838, which set out the main aims of the movement. ... Suffragette with banner, Washington DC, 1918 The title of suffragette (also occasionally spelt suffraget) was given to members of the womens suffrage movement in the United Kingdom. ... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... William Ewart Gladstone (December 29, 1809 - May 19, 1898) was a British Liberal politician and Prime Minister (1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886 and 1892-1894). ... Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India from 1 May 1876, until her death on 22 January 1901. ...

United States reform movements of the 1840s - 1930s

1. Art -- The Hudson River School defined a distinctive American style of art, depicting romantic landscapes via the Transcendentalist perspective on nature
2. Literature -- founding of the Transcendentalism, stressed high thinking and a spiritual connection to all things (see pantheism).
3. Science -- John James Audubon founded the science of ornithology (the study of birds)
4. Utopian Experiments
   1. New Harmony, Indiana (founder: Robert Owen), practiced economic communism, although it proved socially inviable.
   2. Oneida Commune (founder: John Noyes), practiced eugenics, complex marriage, and communal living. The commune was supported through the manufacture of silverware, and the corporation still exists today, producing spoons and forks for households of the world. The commune sold its assets when Noyes was jailed on numerous charges.
   3. Shakers -- (founder: Mother Ann Lee) Stressed living and worship through dance, supported themselves through manufacture of furniture. The furniture is still popular today.
   4. "'Brook Farm"' (founder: George Ripley), an agriculture-based commune that also ran schools.
5. Public education reform -- (founder: Horace Mann), goals were a more relevant curriculum and more accessible education. Noah Webster's dictionary standardized English spelling and language; William McGuffey's hugely successful children's books taught reading in incremental stages.
6. Women's rights movement (1848) (founders: Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony), began at the Seneca Falls Convention; published a Declaration of Sentiments calling for the legal equality of women.
7. Abolition movement -- the Mexican northern territories in 1848 reopened the possibility of expansion of race-based chattel slavery; the adaptation of the slave system to industrial-style cotton production resulted in increasing dehumanization of black workers and a backlash against poop the slavery in the northern states; key figures included William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass.
8. Prohibition 1920-1933 or Temperance movement -- Anti-alcohol movement supported by Frances Willard's Woman's Christian Temperance Union, which stressed education; the Anti-Saloon League, which Carrie Nation promoted a confrontational approach towards bars and saloons; and the Know-Nothing Party, an anti-catholic, anti-immigration, anti-drinking political party.

Thomas Coles View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm (The Oxbow) 1836 The Hudson River school was a mid-1800 American group of landscape painters whose approach was related to romanticism. ... Transcendentalism was a group of new ideas in literature, religion, culture, and philosophy that emerged in the New England region of the United States of America in the early-to mid-19th century. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Pantheism (Greek: pan = all and Theos = God) literally means God is All and All is God. It is the view that everything is of an all-encompassing immanent God; or that the universe, or nature, and God are equivalent. ... John James Audubon John James Audubon[1] (April 26, 1785 – January 27, 1851) was a Franco-American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... New Harmony is a town located in Posey County, Indiana, 15 miles (24 km) north of Mount Vernon, Indiana, the county seat, on the Wabash River. ... Robert Owen (May 14, 1771 – November 17, 1858) was a Welsh socialist and social reformer. ... The Oneida Society (Oneida Community) was a utopian commune founded by John H. Noyes in 1848 near Oneida, New York. ... Insert non-formatted text hereJohn Humphrey Noyes (September 3, 1811 – April 13, 1886) was a U.S. utopian. ... It has been suggested that Dysgenics be merged into this article or section. ... Polygamy, literally many marriages in ancient Greek, is a marital practice in which a person has more than one spouse simultaneously (as opposed to monogamy where each person has a maximum of one spouse at any one time). ... An intentional community is a planned residential community with a much higher degree of social interaction than other communities. ... Starch-polyester disposable cutlery Cutlery refers to any hand utensil used in preparing, serving, and especially eating food. ... The Shakers, an offshoot of the Religious Society of Friends (or Quakers), originated in Manchester, England in the late eighteenth century (1772). ... Mother Ann Lee (February 29, 1736 - September 8, 1784) was a member of the Shakers; who, during the 1770s, emigrated to Watervliet, New York. ... Brook Farm, a transcendentalist Utopian experiment, was put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley at a farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, at that time nine miles from Boston. ... George Ripley, sometime between 1849 and 1860: a detail from Mathew Bradys daguerrotype of the New York Tribune editorial staff George Ripley (1802-July 4, 1880) was an American social reformer, Unitarian, and Transcendentalist. ... Image courtesy of the University of Texas Horace Mann (May 4, 1796 – August 2, 1859) was an American education reformer and abolitionist. ... Noah Webster (October 16, 1758 – April 28, 1843) was an American lexicographer, textbook author, spelling reformer, political writer, and editor. ... William Holmes McGuffey (September 23, 1800 - May 4, 1873) was an American professor who created the McGuffey Readers, one of Americas first textbook. ... The term women’s rights typically refers to freedoms inherently possessed by women and girls of all ages, which may be institutionalized or ignored and/or illegitimately suppressed by law or custom in a particular society. ... 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Lucretia Coffin Mott (January 3, 1793 – November 11, 1880) was an American Quaker minister, abolitionist, social reformer and proponent of womens rights. ... Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her daughter Harriot. ... Susan B. Anthony. ... The Seneca Falls Convention, held in Seneca Falls, New York on July 19 to July 20, 1848, was the first womens rights convention held in the United States, and as a result is often called the birthplace of the feminist movement. ... The Declaration of Sentiments is a document signed in 1848 by sixty-eight women and thirty-two men, delegates to the first womens rights convention, in Seneca Falls, New York, now known to historians as the 1848 Womens Rights Convention. ... Abolition is the act of formally destroying something through legal means, either by making it illegal, or simply no longer allowing it to exist in any form. ... Personal property is a type of property. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Cotton ready for harvest. ... William Lloyd Garrison William Lloyd Garrison (December 12, 1805–May 24, 1879) was a prominent United States abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer. ... Frederick Douglass, ca. ... The term Prohibition, also known as Dry Law, refers to a law in a certain country by which the manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages is restricted or illegal. ... A cartoon from Australia ca. ... Functional group of an alcohol molecule. ... Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard (September 28, 1839-February 17, 1898) was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women suffragist. ... The Womans Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) is the oldest continuing non-sectarian womens organization in the U.S. and worldwide. ... The Anti-Saloon League was the leading organization lobbying for prohibition in the United States in the early 20th century. ... Temperance advocate Carrie Nation and her hatchet. ... The Know-Nothing movement was a nativist American political movement of the 1850s. ...

Mexican reform movement of the 1850s

Political agenda of the Mexican Liberal party led by Benito Juárez and Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, and embodied in the 1857 Constitution of Mexico: Benito Pablo Juárez García () (March 21, 1806 – July 18, 1872) was a Zapotec Amerindian who served two terms (1861–1863 and 1867–1872) as President of Mexico. ... Term of office: – July 19, 1872 to 30 November 1872 (interim) – 1 December 1872 to November 20, 1876 Preceded by: Benito Juárez Succeeded by: Porfirio Díaz Date of birth: April 24, 1823 Place of birth: Xalapa, Veracruz Date of death: April 21, 1889 Place of death: New York... The 1857 Constitution was a liberal constitution drafted in Mexico during the presidency of Ignacio Comonfort and vice-presidency of Benito Juárez. ...

1. Abolition of the fueros which granted civil immunity to members of the church and military
2. Liquidation of traditional ejido communal lands holdings and distribution of freehold titles to the peasantry
3. Expropriation and sale of concentrated church property holdings
4. Curtaiment of exorbitant fees by the church for administering the sacraments
5. Secular public education
6. Civil registry for births, marriages and deaths

 what the hell can I really do this?