For the Chinese civilization, see China. The "Republic of China" is commonly known as " Taiwan", or in most international organizations, as " Chinese Taipei". 中華民國
Jhonghuá Mínguó Republic of China | | | Anthem
National Anthem of the Republic of China
| | | | Capital | Taipei[1]
25°02′N, 121°38′E | | Largest city | Taipei[1] | | Official languages | Standard Mandarin (Guóyǔ)[2] | | Demonym | Taiwanese or Chinese* | | Government | Semi-presidential system | | - | President | Chen Shui-bian | | - | Vice President | Annette Lu | | - | Premier | Chang Chun-hsiung | | Establishment | Xinhai Revolution | | - | Start of Xinhai Revolution | October 10, 1911 | | - | Republic established | January 1, 1912 | | - | Relocated to
Taiwan | December 7, 1949 | | Area | | - | Total | 36,188 km² (137th)
13,975 sq mi | | - | Water (%) | 10.34 | | Population | | - | 2007 estimate | 22,911,292[3] (47th) | | - | Density | 633.12/km² (14th)
1,639.43 /sq mi | | GDP (PPP) | 2006 estimate | | - | Total | $668.3 billion[3] (16th) | | - | Per capita | $30,084 (23rd) | | GDP (nominal) | 2006 estimate | | - | Total | $355.708 billion (22th) | | - | Per capita | $15,482 (37th) | | HDI (2004) |
 0.925 (high) (24th if ranked) | | Currency | New Taiwan dollar (NT$) (TWD) | | Time zone | CST (UTC+8) | | Internet TLD | .tw | | Calling code | +886 | | * Due to the goverment's relocation after 1949, those who were nationals before 1949 are likely to be identified as "Chinese". After 1949, due to the controversial political status of Taiwan, those supporting Chinese reunification may refer to themselves as "Chinese" in addition or in place of "Taiwanese." Those favoring Taiwan Independence tend to refer to themselves as "Taiwanese" only. | The Republic of China (traditional Chinese: 中華民國; simplified Chinese: 中华民国; Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó; Tongyong Pinyin: Jhonghuá Mínguó; Wade-Giles: Chung-hua Min-kuo) is a country in East Asia. It was one of the victorious powers of World War II and a founding member of the United Nations. Historically, it encompassed all of mainland China before the Kuomintang (KMT) lost control of the mainland to the Communist Party of China at the ceasefire of major hostilities of the Chinese Civil War in 1950. Since then, its authority has been limited to the island groups of Taiwan (Formosa), the Pescadores, Kinmen, and the Matsu Islands. Over subsequent decades, the Republic of China has been commonly referred to as "Taiwan", and since the late 1970s the name "China" is commonly used to refer to the People's Republic of China (PRC). Because of diplomatic pressure from the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan) is commonly referred to as "Chinese Taipei" in international organizations. Its capital city is Taipei[1]. Roc may refer to: Roc Books, a paperback science fiction and fantasy imprint of Penguin Group Roc (mythology), a mythical giant bird Roc (musician), the Indian American singer-songwriter guitarist Roc (song), the second single release from Nâdiyas eponymous album. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China. ...
Image File history File links Republic_of_China_National_Emblem. ...
Flag ratio: 2:3 The flag of the Republic of China is red with a dark blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white sun with 12 triangular rays. ...
Flag ratio: 2:3 The Blue Sky with a White Sun flag is the Kuomintang party flag and the ROC naval jack. ...
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogising the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognised either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ...
Manuscript of the speech at the opening ceremony of the Whampoa Military Academy, handwriting by Dr. Sun Yat-sen National Anthem of the Republic of China (Traditional Chinese: ä¸è¯æ°‘國國æŒ, Simplified Chinese: ä¸åŽæ°‘国国æŒ, Pinyin: ZhÅnghuá MÃngúo gúogÄ“), is the current national anthem of the Republic of China (ROC). ...
Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Not to be confused with capitol. ...
Nickname: Coordinates: , Country Region City seat Xinyi District (信義å€) Government - Mayor Hau Lung-bin (KMT)1 E9 Area - City 271. ...
Nickname: Coordinates: , Country Region City seat Xinyi District (信義å€) Government - Mayor Hau Lung-bin (KMT)1 E9 Area - City 271. ...
An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...
Standard Mandarin, also known as Modern Standard Chinese, is the official modern Chinese spoken language used by the Peoples Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and is one of the four official languages of Singapore. ...
A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ...
States with semi-presidential systems are shown in yellow The semi-presidential system is a system of government in which a prime minister and a president are both active participants in the day-to-day functioning of the administration of a country. ...
The Presidential Building is located in Zhongzheng District, Taipei City. ...
Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China Chen Shui-bian (ch. ...
The Office of the President of the Republic of China, located in Zhongzheng District, Taipei City, also houses the office of the Vice President. ...
Hsiu-lien Annette Lu (Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) (born June 7, 1944) is the incumbent vice president of the Republic of China and member of the Democratic Progressive Party. ...
The President of the Executive Yuan (行政院長), colloquially referred to as the Premier (é–£æ†), is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China, which currently administers Taiwan. ...
Chang Chun-hsiung (Chinese: 張俊雄; pinyin: ZhÄng Jùnxióng) (born March 23, 1938) is a politician in the Republic of China on Taiwan. ...
‹ The template below (History of China - BC) is being considered for deletion. ...
Combatants Qing Dynasty Chinese Revolutionary Alliance Commanders Feng Guozhang, Yuan Shikai, and local Qing governors. ...
The Wuchang Uprising (æ¦æ˜Œèµ·ç¾©, pinyin: WÇ”chÄng QÇyì) of October 10, 1911, started the Xinhai Revolution, which triggered the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China (ROC). ...
is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Combatants Nationalist Party of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War...
is the 341st day of the year (342nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the physical quantity. ...
To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 10,000 km² and 100,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ...
This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ...
A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...
Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...
A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ...
This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ...
Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ...
Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ...
Gross domestic product (by purchasing power parity) in 2006 The purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ...
There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ...
Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ...
Map of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita for the year 2006. ...
Countries by nominal GDP. Source: IMF (2005) This article includes a list of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. ...
Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ...
Map of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita for the year 2006. ...
World map indicating Human Development Index (2006). ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Coloured world map indicating Human Development Index (2006) (colour-blind compliant map) This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Programmes Human Development Report 2006, compiled on the basis of 2004 data. ...
ISO 4217 Code TWD User(s) Republic of China Inflation 0. ...
ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ...
Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ...
China, with its large territory, spans across the longitude of five time zones. ...
“UTC†redirects here. ...
-12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7...
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ...
.tw is the Internet country code top-level domain ( ccTLD) for Taiwan ( Republic of China). ...
This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ...
Country Code: 886 International Call Prefix: 002 ((0)2):Taipei, Keelung, ((0)3):Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Ilan, ((0)4):Taichung, ((0)7):Kaohsiung, (0)9xx:Mobile Categories: | ...
Taiwan Strait area The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan hinges on whether Taiwan, including the Pescadores (Penghu), should remain the effective territory of the Republic of China (ROC), become unified with the territories now governed by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), or become the Republic of...
Chinese (re)unification (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a goal of Chinese nationalism that refers to the reunification of all of Greater China under a single political entity. ...
Taiwan independence (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: , PeÌh-oÄ“-jÄ«: Tâi-oân ToÌk-liÌp Å«n-tÅng; abbreviated to å°ç¨, Táidú, Tâi-toÌk) is a political movement whose goal is primarily to create an independent and sovereign Republic of Taiwan out of the...
Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ...
Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ...
Pinyin (拼音, Pīnyīn) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of...
Tongyong Pinyin (Chinese: ; pinyin: TÅngyòng pÄ«nyÄ«n; literally Universal/General Usage Sound-combining) is the current official romanization of the Chinese language adopted by the national government (although not all local governments) of the Republic of China (Taiwan) since 2002. ...
Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ...
For other uses, see Country (disambiguation). ...
East Asia Geographic East Asia. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
UN and U.N. redirect here. ...
...
The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China, now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in...
...
The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ...
Combatants Nationalist Party of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War...
This is a list of islands under the Republic of China administration (all claimed by the Peoples Republic of China). ...
The Pescadores Islands (Traditional Chinese: 澎湖群島; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Peng-hu; Taiwanese POJ: Phêâ¿-ô·-kÅan, from Portuguese, fishermen, pron. ...
Kinmen (Traditional Chinese: 金門; Hanyu Pinyin: Jīnmén; Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén; Wade-Giles: Chin-men; POJ: Kim-mn̂g; also romanized Quemoy from Southern Min (in early Spanish romanization); literally Golden Door or Golden Gate), located at 24. ...
The Matsu Islands (Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) are a minor archipelago of 19 islands and islets in the Taiwan Strait administered as Lienchiang County (連江 Pinyin: LiánjiÄng), Fukien Province of the Republic of China (ROC, now based on Taiwan). ...
For the Chinese civilization, see China. ...
This page is about negotiations; for the board game, see Diplomacy (game). ...
Not to be confused with capitol. ...
Look up city, City in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Nickname: Coordinates: , Country Region City seat Xinyi District (信義å€) Government - Mayor Hau Lung-bin (KMT)1 E9 Area - City 271. ...
The Republic of China was established in 1912, replacing the Qing Dynasty and ending over two thousand years of imperial rule in China. It is the oldest surviving republic in East Asia. The Republic of China on mainland China went through periods of warlordism, Japanese invasion, and civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communists. Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Territory of Qing China in 1892 Capital Shengjing (1636-1644) Beijing (1644-1912) Language(s) Chinese Manchu Mongolian Government Monarchy Emperor - 1636-1643 Huang Taiji - 1908-1912 Xuantong Emperor Prime Minister - 1911 Yikuang - 1911-1912 Yuan Shikai History - Establishment of the Late...
The following is a timeline of the history of China: For a summary table of the dynasties in Chinese history and their dates, check here. ...
Look up republic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The Warlord era represents the period in the history of the Republic of China from 1916 to the mid-1930s when the country was divided by various military cliques, and this division continued until the fall of the nationalist government in mainland China in many regions, such as in Sichuan...
Combatants China United States1 Soviet Union2 Japan Manchukuo3 Mengjiang3 Wang Jingwei Government 3 Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, Xue Yue, Bai Chongxi, Peng Dehuai, Joseph Stilwell, Albert Wedemeyer, Claire Chennault, Aleksandr Vasilevsky Hirohito, Fumimaro Konoe, Hideki Tojo, Kotohito Kanin, Matsui Iwane, Hajime...
The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China, now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in...
The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ...
Starting in 1928, the Republic of China was ruled by the Kuomintang as an authoritarian one-party state. In the 1950s and 1960s, the KMT went through wide restructuring and decreased corruption and implemented land reform. There followed a period of great economic growth, the Republic of China became one of the Four Asian Tigers, despite the constant threat of war and civil unrest. In the 1980s and 1990s the government peacefully transitioned to a democratic system, with the first direct presidential election in 1996 and the 2000 election of Chen Shui-bian, the first non-KMT president of the ROC. The term authoritarian is used to describe an organization or a state which enforces strong and sometimes oppressive measures against the population, generally without attempts at gaining the consent of the population. ...
States in which the constitution mandates power to a sole party are colored brown. ...
-1...
Map of Four Asian Tigers Hong Kong Taiwan Singapore South Korea Skyline of Hong Kong Island, taken from Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong The skyline of Singapores Central Business District (CBD) at evening. ...
For other uses, see Democracy (disambiguation). ...
The Election for the 9th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China (第ä¹ä»»ä¸è¯æ°‘國總統 ã€å‰¯ç¸½çµ±é¸èˆ‰), the first ever direct elections for President and Vice President of the Republic of China on Taiwan, occurred on March 23, 1996. ...
The Election for the 10th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China (第åä»»ä¸è¯æ°‘國總統ã€å‰¯ç¸½çµ±é¸èˆ‰), the second ever direct elections for President and Vice President of the Republic of China on Taiwan and the 10th under the 1947 Constitution, were held on March 18, 2000. ...
Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China Chen Shui-bian (ch. ...
[edit] Political status -
The political status of the Republic of China is a contentious issue. The PRC claims that the ROC government is illegitimate, referring to it as the "Taiwan Authority", while the ROC views itself as an independent sovereign state.[6] The ROC actively claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all China since its retreat to Taiwan in 1949 until the lift of martial law in 1987. Although the administration of pro-independence President Chen Shui-bian does not actively claim jurisdiction over all of China, the national boundaries of the ROC have not been redrawn and its outstanding territorial claims from the late 1940s have not been revised.[citation needed] Thus, the claimed area of the ROC continue to include Mainland China, several off-shore islands, Taiwan, Outer Mongolia, northern Myanmar, and Tuva (now Russian territory). Taiwan Strait area The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan hinges on whether Taiwan, including the Pescadores (Penghu), should remain the effective territory of the Republic of China (ROC), become unified with the territories now governed by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), or become the Republic of...
For the Chinese civilization, see China. ...
For other uses, see State (disambiguation). ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Taiwan independence (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: , PeÌh-oÄ“-jÄ«: Tâi-oân ToÌk-liÌp Å«n-tÅng; abbreviated to å°ç¨, Táidú, Tâi-toÌk) is a political movement whose goal is primarily to create an independent and sovereign Republic of Taiwan out of the...
Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China Chen Shui-bian (ch. ...
...
Outer Mongolia makes up Mongolia (presently a sovereign state) and Tannu Uriankhai (the majority of which is the modern-day Tuva Republic, a federal subject of the Russian Federation), while Inner Mongolia (内蒙å¤; Nèi MÄ›nggÇ”) is an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
Tyva Republic IPA: (Russian: IPA: ; Tuvan: ), or Tuva (), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ...
The political environment is complicated by the potential for military conflict should overt actions toward independence or reunification be taken. It is the policy of the People's Republic of China to use force to ensure reunification if peaceful reunification is no longer possible, as stated in its anti-secession law, and there are substantial military installations on the Fujian coast for this reason.[7] As a result of Cold War politics, the United States has provided military training and sold arms to the ROC armed forces.[8] However, the current status quo, as defined by the US, is supported on a quid pro quo basis between both Chinese states. The PRC is expected to "use no force or threat[en] to use force against Taiwan" and the ROC is to "exercise prudence in managing all aspects of cross-strait relations." Both are to refrain from performing actions or espousing statements "that would unilaterally alter Taiwan's status."[9] Chinese (re)unification (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a goal of Chinese nationalism that refers to the reunification of all of Greater China under a single political entity. ...
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(Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kià n) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ...
Quid pro quo (Latin for something for something [1]) indicates a more-or-less equal exchange or substitution of goods or services. ...
Taiwan Strait Cross-Strait relations, or relations across the Taiwan Strait, deals with the complex relationship and interactions between the mainland nation of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) (which sits on the west of Taiwan Strait) and the island nation of the Republic of China (Taiwan), commonly known...
Taiwan Strait Area The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan hinges on whether Taiwan, including the Pescadores (Penghu), should remain the effective territory of the Republic of China (ROC), become unified with the territories now governed by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), or become the Republic of...
Within the ROC, opinions are polarized between those supporting unification, represented by the Pan-Blue Coalition of parties, and those supporting independence, represented by the Pan-Green Coalition of parties. The Kuomintang, the largest Pan-Blue party, supports the status quo for the indefinite future with a stated ultimate goal of unification. However, it does not support unification in the short term with the PRC as such a prospect would be unacceptable to most of its members and the public. Ma Ying-Jeou, former chairman of the KMT and frontrunner for the 2008 presidential election, has set out democracy, economic development to a level near that of the ROC, and equitable wealth distribution as the conditions that the mainland must fulfill for reunification to occur. The DPP, the largest Pan-Green party, also supports the status quo because the risk of provoking the PRC is unacceptable to its members. However, President Chen Shui-Bian of the DPP has stated that no matter what, any decision should be decided through a public referendum of the people of the ROC. Both parties' current foreign policy positions support actively advocating ROC participation in international organizations, but the KMT accepts the "One-China" principle and the DPP encourages economic ties with countries other than the PRC for security reasons. The Pan-Blue Coalition (Traditional Chinese: æ³›è—è¯ç›Ÿ; Simplified Chinese: æ³›è“è”盟; Hanyu Pinyin: ), or Pan-Blue Force (Traditional Chinese: æ³›è—è»; Simplified Chinese: æ³›è“军; Hanyu Pinyin: ), is a political coalition in Taiwan, consisting of the Kuomintang (KMT), the People First Party (PFP), and the smaller New Party (CNP). ...
The Pan-Green Coalition (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) or Pan-Green Force (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is currently an informal political alliance in the Republic of China (Taiwan), consisting of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU), and the minor Taiwan Independence Party (TAIP). ...
China Pig Ma Ying-Jeou (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ma Ying-chiu) (born July 13, 1950 in Hong Kong, China) is a politician in the Republic of Taiwan (Taiwan), a former Justice Minister, former Mayor of Taipei, and former Chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT...
The Election for the 12th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China (Traditional Chinese: ) will be held 22 March 2008. ...
The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; abbreviated to or ; Hanyu Pinyin: MÃnjìndÇŽng) is a major political party in the Republic of China which has traditionally been associated with the pan-green coalition and Taiwan independence although it has moderated its stance as it has...
The One-China policy (Chinese: 一個中國) is the principle that there is one China and both mainland China and Taiwan are part of that China. ...
For its part, the People's Republic of China appears to find the retention of the name "Republic of China" far more acceptable than the declaration of a de-jure independent Taiwan. However, with the rise of the Taiwanese independence movement, the name "Taiwan" has been employed increasingly more often on the island itself. The PRC has stated that any effort in Taiwan to formally abolish the ROC and replace it with a Republic of Taiwan would result in a strong and possibly military reaction. The current position of the United States is that the Taiwan issue must be resolved peacefully and unilateral action by either side is condemned; neither an unprovoked invasion by the PRC or a formal declaration of independence by Taiwan would be acceptable.[10] A flag for the proposed independent Taiwan designed in the mid-1990s. ...
A declaration of independence is an assertion of the independence of an aspiring state or states. ...
Citing its One-China policy, the PRC requires other countries to give no official recognition to the ROC as a condition of maintaining diplomatic relations. As a result, there are only 24 countries that have official diplomatic relations with the Republic of China. However, most countries have unofficial representative offices in the ROC. The United States maintains unofficial relations with the ROC through the instrumentality of the American Institute in Taiwan.[11] The ROC maintains similar de-facto embassies and consulates in most countries, called "Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Offices" (TECRO), with branch offices called "Taipei Economic and Cultural Offices" (TECO). Both TECRO and TECO are "unofficial commercial entities" of the ROC in charge of maintaining diplomatic relations, providing consular services (i.e. Visa applications), and serving the national interests of the ROC in other countries in basically the same way as an Embassy or Consulate.[12] The One-China policy (Traditional Chinese: 一個ä¸åœ‹; Simplified Chinese: 一个ä¸å›½; pinyin: yÄ« gè ZhÅngguó) is a principle that there is one China and that mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan are all part of that China. ...
The American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) serves as the de facto embassy of the United States in Taiwan. ...
Look up De facto in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one nation state present in another nation state to represent the sending state in the receiving State. ...
The term Consulate can refer to: the office or the period in office of a consul a diplomatic consulate the French Consulate which governed between 1799 and 1804 a brand of menthol cigarettes Consulate This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise...
A Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO), sometimes known as a Taipei Representative Office, is a representative office , established by the Republic of China on Taiwan, in countries that have diplomatic relations, with the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...
The Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO), sometimes known as Taipei Representative Offices, are de facto embassies and consulates of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in countries that do not have official relations with the ROC because of relations with the Peoples Republic of China, but have nevertheless...
This page is about negotiations; for the board game, see Diplomacy (game). ...
A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one nation state present in another nation state to represent the sending state in the receiving State. ...
The rule of Napoleon Bonaparte after his coup detat in France had conducted the manners of French governmant under dictatorship and in a consulate. ...
Also due to its One-China policy, the PRC only participates in international organizations where the ROC is not recognized as a sovereign country. In 1945, the ROC, as representative of all the territory of China, was one of the founding nations and Security Council member of the United Nations; however, in 1971, with the passage of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, it was replaced by the PRC. Each year since 1992, the ROC has petitioned the UN for entry but has been unsuccessful. Most member states, including the United States, do not wish to discuss the issue of the ROC's political status for fear of souring diplomatic ties with the PRC. However, both the US and Japan publicly support the ROC's bid for membership in the World Health Organization as an observer.[13] However, though the ROC has applied for WHO membership every year since 1997 under various denominations, their efforts have consistently been blocked by PRC. Also, the Republic of China is pressured to use the politically neutral name "Chinese Taipei" in international events such as the Olympic Games when the PRC is also a party. The ROC is typically barred from using its national anthem and national flag in international events due to PRC pressure; ROC spectators attending events such as the Olympics are often barred from bringing ROC flags into venues.[14] The ROC is able to participate as "China" in organizations that the PRC does not participate in, such as the World Organization of the Scout Movement. A session of the Security Council in progress The United Nations Security Council is the most powerful organ of the United Nations. ...
UN and U.N. redirect here. ...
United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758 adopted October 25, 1971 replaced the UN seat of the Republic of China with that of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
Chinas seat in the United Nations has been occupied by the Peoples Republic of China since October 25, 1971. ...
A map of UN member states and their dependent territories as recognized by the UN. Regions excluded: Antarctica (regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System), Vatican City (the Holy See is a UN observer), the Palestinian territories (Palestine, represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization, is a UN observer), and Western Sahara...
“WHO†redirects here. ...
Look up who in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Olympic Games Summer Olympic Games Medal count Winter Olympic Games Medal count Olympic sports Medal counts Participating NOCs Olympic symbols Olympics WikiProject Olympics Portal Athens 2004 • Beijing 2008 Torino 2006 • Vancouver 2010 ...
The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) is the supranational organization which governs most national Scout Movements, with 28 million members. ...
The relationship with the PRC and the related issues of Taiwan independence and Chinese reunification continue to dominate ROC politics.[15] For any particular resolution public favor shifts greatly with small changes in wording, illustrating the complexity of public opinion on the topic.[16]
[edit] History -
‹ The template below (History of China - BC) is being considered for deletion. ...
This is a timeline of the History of the Republic of China on mainland China (1912-1949). ...
[edit] 1911–27 In 1911, after over two thousand years of Imperial rule, China overthrew its dynastic system in favor of a republic. The Qing Dynasty was weak, China having just experienced a century of instability, suffering from both internal rebellion and foreign imperialism. The Neo-Confucian principles that had, to that time, sustained the dynastic system were now called into question and a loss of cultural self-confidence was blamed for an alarming total of 40 million Chinese consumers of opium by 1900 (roughly 10% of the population).[17] By the time of its embarrassing defeat by an expeditionary force led by the world's major powers in 1900 during the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion, the Qing Dynasty was already in its final throes, with only the lack of an alternative regime in sight prolonging its existence until 1912.[18] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x660, 161 KB)A poster that commemorates the the permanent President of the Republic of China Yuan Shikai and the provisional President of the Republic Sun Yat-sen. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x660, 161 KB)A poster that commemorates the the permanent President of the Republic of China Yuan Shikai and the provisional President of the Republic Sun Yat-sen. ...
Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting æ…°äº; Pseudonym: Rongan 容庵 Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: Yuán ShìkÇŽi; Wade-Giles: Yüan Shih-kai) (September 16, 1859[1] – June 6, 1916) was a Chinese military official and politician during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. ...
Sun Yat-sen (November 12, 1866 – March 12, 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader often referred to as the father of modern China. Sun played an instrumental role in the eventual overthrow of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. ...
Look up republic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Territory of Qing China in 1892 Capital Shengjing (1636-1644) Beijing (1644-1912) Language(s) Chinese Manchu Mongolian Government Monarchy Emperor - 1636-1643 Huang Taiji - 1908-1912 Xuantong Emperor Prime Minister - 1911 Yikuang - 1911-1912 Yuan Shikai History - Establishment of the Late...
This article is about the drug. ...
Combatants Eight-Nation Alliance (ordered by contribution): Empire of Japan Russian Empire British Empire France United States German Empire Kingdom of Italy Austro-Hungarian Empire Righteous Harmony Society Qing Dynasty (China) Commanders Edward Seymour Alfred Graf von Waldersee Ci Xi Strength 20,000 initially 49,000 total 50,000-100...
The establishment of Republican China developed out of the Wuchang Uprising against the Qing on October 10, 1911. The Republic of China was established on January 1, 1912, with Dr. Sun Yat-sen as the provisional president. As part of the agreement to have the last emperor Puyi abdicate, Yuan Shikai was officially elected president in 1913. However, Yuan dissolved the ruling KMT, ignored the provisional Constitution by asserting presidential power, and ultimately declared himself Emperor of China in 1915. The Wuchang Uprising (æ¦æ˜Œèµ·ç¾©, pinyin: WÇ”chÄng QÇyì) of October 10, 1911, started the Xinhai Revolution, which triggered the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China (ROC). ...
Sun Yat-sen (November 12, 1866 – March 12, 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader often referred to as the father of modern China. Sun played an instrumental role in the eventual overthrow of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. ...
The Presidential Building is located in Zhongzheng District, Taipei City. ...
Puyi (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ) (February 7, 1906–October 17, 1967) of the Manchu Aisin-Gioro ruling family was the last Emperor of China between 1908 and 1924 (ruling as the Xuantong Emperor (宣統皇å¸) between 1908 and 1911, and non-ruling emperor between 1911 and 1924), the twelfth emperor of the...
Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting æ…°äº; Pseudonym: Rongan 容庵 Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: Yuán ShìkÇŽi; Wade-Giles: Yüan Shih-kai) (September 16, 1859[1] – June 6, 1916) was a Chinese military official and politician during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. ...
For the volcano in Indonesia, see Emperor of China (volcano). ...
Yuan's supporters deserted him, and many provinces declared independence and became warlord states. Yuan Shikai died of natural causes in 1916. This thrust China into a decade of warlordism. Sun Yat-sen, forced into exile, returned to Guangdong province with the help of southern warlords in 1917 and 1920, and set up successive rival governments. Sun re-established the KMT in October, 1919. Not to be confused with the former Kwantung Leased Territory in north-eastern China. ...
The central power in Beijing struggled to hold on to power. An open and wide-ranging debate evolved regarding how China should confront the West. After the Treaty of Versailles, on May 4, a student protest led to a nationwide uprising and gave the movement its name. “Peking†redirects here. ...
This article is about the Treaty of Versailles of June 28 1919, which ended World War I. For other uses, see Treaty of Versailles (disambiguation) . The Treaty of Versailles (1919) was a peace treaty which officially ended World War I between the Allied and Associated Powers and Germany. ...
Chinese anarchism, specifically anarchist communism, had been the one of the most prominent forms of revolutionary socialism even before the Wuchang Uprising. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, the influence of Marxism spread and became more popular. Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu led the Marxist-Leninist movement in the beginning. The Communist Party of China was founded in July, 1921. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Chinese Anarchism. ...
Anarchist communism is a form of anarchism that advocates the abolition of the State and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which everyone will be free to satisfy his or her needs. ...
Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community[1] for the purposes of increasing social and economic equality and cooperation. ...
The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a series of political and social upheavals in Russia, involving first the overthrow of the tsarist autocracy, and then the overthrow of the liberal and moderate-socialist Provisional Government, resulting in the establishment of Soviet power under the control of the Bolshevik party. ...
Marxism is both the theory and the political practice (that is, the praxis) derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ...
Li Dazhao (æŽå¤§é‡—, Wades-Giles: Li Ta-chao) (October 29, 1888 - April 28, 1927) was a Chinese intellectual who cofounded the Communist Party of China with Chen Duxiu in 1921. ...
Chen Duxiu (October 8, 1879 – May 27, 1942) played many different roles in Chinese history. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism refers to various related political and economic theories elaborated by Bolshevik revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin, and by other theorists who claim to be carrying on Lenins work. ...
[edit] 1927–49 After Sun's death in March 1925, Chiang Kai-shek became the leader of the KMT. Chiang had led the successful Northern Expedition which, with the help of the Soviet Union, defeated the warlords and nominally united China under the KMT. Soviet advisors had provided training, propaganda, popular agitation, and arms. However, Chiang soon dismissed his Soviet advisors, and purged communists and leftists from the KMT, leading to the Chinese Civil War. The Communists were pushed into the interior as Chiang Kai-shek sought to destroy them. Chiang consolidated his rule, establishing a Nationalist Government in Nanjing in 1928. Efforts were made to establish a modern civil society, by creating the Academia Sinica, the Bank of China, and other agencies. Chiang Kai-Shek from http://www. ...
Chiang Kai-Shek from http://www. ...
Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ...
Sun Yat-sen (November 12, 1866 – March 12, 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader often referred to as the father of modern China. Sun played an instrumental role in the eventual overthrow of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. ...
Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Soviet Propaganda Poster during World War II. The text reads Red Army Fighter, SAVE US! Chinese propaganda poster from the time of the Cultural Revolution. ...
Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ...
“Leftism†redirects here. ...
The Academia Sinica (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), headquartered in the Nan-kang district () of Taipei, is the national academy for Taiwan. ...
Bank of China Limited (BOC) SEHK: 3988 (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; often abbreviated as ä¸è¡Œ) is one of the big four state-owned commercial banks of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
Stability was interrupted by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, with hostilities continuing through the Second Sino-Japanese War, part of World War II, from 1937 to 1945. In 1945, Japan surrendered and the Republic of China became one of the founding members of the United Nations. It has been suggested that Manchuria Incident be merged into this article or section. ...
Combatants China United States1 Soviet Union2 Japan Manchukuo3 Mengjiang3 Wang Jingwei Government 3 Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, Xue Yue, Bai Chongxi, Peng Dehuai, Joseph Stilwell, Albert Wedemeyer, Claire Chennault, Aleksandr Vasilevsky Hirohito, Fumimaro Konoe, Hideki Tojo, Kotohito Kanin, Matsui Iwane, Hajime...
The Chinese civil war between the Communists and the Nationalists resumed and intensified. Despite numerical superiority and American aid, the Nationalists succumbed to the Communists in 1949.
[edit] 1945 to present After the defeat of Japan during World War II, Taiwan was surrendered to the Allies, with ROC troops accepting the surrender of the Japanese garrison. Taiwan was pronounced "retroceded" to the ROC on October 25, 1945, although proponents of Taiwan independence dispute the validity of the proclamation, arguing that the proclamation was made without a peace treaty formally transferring sovereignty. The ROC began to govern Taiwan under a corrupt military administration, which led to widespread unrest and increasing tensions between Taiwanese and mainlanders.[19] The arrest of a cigarette vendor and the shooting of a bystander on February 28, 1947 triggered island-wide unrest, which was then suppressed with military force in what is now called the 228 Incident. Mainstream estimates of casualties range from 10,000 to 30,000, mainly Taiwanese elites. The administration declared martial law in 1948.[20] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 88 KB) Summary Description: Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China Author: User:Ruthless4Life Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 88 KB) Summary Description: Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China Author: User:Ruthless4Life Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...
The Memorial Hall The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall (Traditional Chinese: , Simplified Chinese: ) is a monument erected in memory of Chiang Kai-shek, former President of the Republic of China, in Taipei, Taiwan. ...
Alternative meaning: Taipei County City nickname: the City of Azaleas Capital District Xinyi Area - Total - % water Ranked 16 of 25 271. ...
Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
Taiwan independence (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: , PeÌh-oÄ“-jÄ«: Tâi-oân ToÌk-liÌp Å«n-tÅng; abbreviated to å°ç¨, Táidú, Tâi-toÌk) is a political movement whose goal is primarily to create an independent and sovereign Republic of Taiwan out of the...
The 228 Monument located near the Presidential Office in Taipei The 228 Incident (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Peh-Åe-jÄ«: JÄ«-jÄ«-pat sÅ«-kiÄâ¿) also known as the 228 Massacre (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) was an uprising in Taiwan that began on February 28, 1947 and was suppressed by the...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
After the defeat of the KMT in 1949, Chiang Kai-shek evacuated the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan and declared Taipei the provisional capital of China. Accompanying his retreat were some two million refugees from mainland China, adding to the earlier population of approximately six million.[21] Temporary capital (Lithuanian Laikinoji sostinė) was the official designation of the city of Kaunas in Lithuania during the interwar period. ...
Initially, the United States abandoned the KMT and expected that Taiwan would fall to the Communists. However, in 1950 the conflict between North Korea and South Korea, which had been ongoing since the Japanese withdrawal in 1945, escalated into full-blown war, and in the context of the Cold War, US President Harry S. Truman intervened again and dispatched the 7th Fleet into the Taiwan Straits to "neutralize" the Straits.[22] In the San Francisco Peace Treaty, which came into force on April 28, 1952, and the Treaty of Taipei, which came into force on August 5, 1952, Japan formally renounced all right, claim and title to Formosa (Taiwan) and the Pescadores (Peng-hu), and renounced all treaties signed with China before 1942. Both treaties remained silent about who would take control of the island, in part to avoid taking sides in the Chinese Civil War. Advocates of Taiwan independence have used this omission to call into question the PRC and ROC claims on Taiwan, arguing that the future of Taiwan should be decided by self-determination. For other persons named Harry Truman, see Harry Truman (disambiguation). ...
Taiwan Strait The First Taiwan Strait Crisis (also called the 1954-1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis or the 1955 Taiwan Strait Crisis) was a short armed conflict that took place between the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) governments. ...
Taiwan Strait Area The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait is a 180km-wide Strait between mainland China and the island of Taiwan. ...
Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru of Japan, gave a speech on Reconciliation and rapport (和解と信頼) in 1951 at San Francisco Peace conference. ...
is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (Japanese: æ—¥è¯å¹³å’Œæ¡ç´„, Chinese: ä¸æ—¥å’Œå¹³æ¢ç´„), commonly known as the Treaty of Taipei as it was signed in Taipei, was a peace treaty between Japan and the Republic of China (ROC) concluded on April 28, 1952. ...
is the 217th day of the year (218th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Combatants Nationalist Party of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War...
Self-determination is a principle in international law that a people ought to be able to determine their own governmental forms and structure free from outside influence. ...
During the 1960s and 1970s, the ROC began to develop into a prosperous, and high-tech industrialized developed country, while maintaining an authoritarian, single-party government. Because of the Cold War, most Western nations and the United Nations regarded the ROC as the sole legitimate government of China until the 1970s, when most nations began switching recognition to the PRC. High tech refers to technology that is at the cutting-edge—the most advanced technology currently available. ...
World map indicating Human Development Index (as of 2004). ...
[edit] Government
[edit] Republican China The first national government of the Chinese Republic was established on January 1, 1912, in Nanjing, with Sun Yat-sen as the provisional president. Provincial delegates were sent to confirm the authority of the national government, and they later also formed the first parliament. The power of this national government was both limited and short-lived, with generals controlling both central and northern provinces of China. The limited acts passed by this government included the formal abdication of the Qing dynasty and some economic initiatives. is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan currently administers two historical provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another one) and centrally administers two direct-controlled municipalities: Taiwan Province; consists of the island of Taiwan, except the two municipalities, plus Penghu county (Pescadores Islands) and a number...
Shortly after the rise of Yuan Shikai, the parliament's authority became nominal; violations of the Constitution by Yuan were met with half-hearted motions of censure, and Kuomintang members of the parliament that gave up their membership in the KMT were offered 1,000 pounds. Yuan maintained power locally by sending military generals to be provincial governors or by obtaining the allegiance of those already in power. Foreign powers came to recognize Yuan's power as well: when Japan came to China with 21 demands, it was Yuan who submitted to them, on May 25, 1915. For details of notes and coins, see British coinage and British banknotes. ...
When Yuan died, the parliament of 1913 was reconvened to give legitimacy to a new government. However, the real power of the time passed to military leaders, forming the warlord period. The impotent government still had its use; when World War I began, several Western powers and Japan wanted China to declare war on Germany, in order to liquidate German holdings. “The Great War †redirects here. ...
[edit] Present The head of state is the President, who is elected by popular vote for a four-year term on the same ticket as the Vice-President. The President has authority over the five administrative branches (Yuan): the |
