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A rhyme is a repetition of identical or similar sounds in two or more different words and is most often used in poetry and song. The word "rhyme" may also refer to a short poem, such as a rhyming couplet or other brief rhyming poem such as nursery rhymes. This article is about the art form. ...
This article is about the musical composition. ...
For the Angel episode, see Couplet (Angel episode). ...
A nursery rhyme is a traditional song or poem taught to young children, originally in the nursery. ...
Etymology The word comes from the Old French rime, derived from Old Frankish language *rīm, a Germanic term meaning "series, sequence" attested in Old English (Old English rīm - "enumeration, series, numeral") and Old High German rīm, ultimately cognate to Old Irish rím, Greek ἀριθμός arithmos "number". Old French was the Romance dialect continuum spoken in territories corresponding roughly to the northern half of modern France and parts of modern Belgium and Switzerland from around 1000 to 1300. ...
Old Frankish was the language of the Franks. ...
The spelling rhyme (for original rime) was introduced at the beginning of the Modern English period, due to a learnèd (but incorrect) association with Greek ῥυθμός (rhythmos).
The older spelling rime survives in Modern English as a rare alternative spelling. A distinction between the spellings is also sometimes made in the study of linguistics and phonology, where rime/rhyme is used to refer to the nucleus and coda of a syllable. In this context, some prefer to spell this rime to separate it from the poetic rhyme covered by this article (see syllable rime). For the journal, see Linguistics (journal). ...
Phonology (Greek phonē = voice/sound and logos = word/speech), is a subfield of linguistics which studies the sound system of a specific language (or languages). ...
In phonetics and phonology, the nucleus is the central part of the syllable, mostly commonly a vowel. ...
Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ...
For the computer operating system, see Syllable (operating system). ...
In the study of phonology in linguistics, the rime or rhyme of a syllable consists of a nucleus and an optional coda. ...
History The earliest surviving evidence of rhyming is the Chinese Shi Jing (ca. 10th century BC). In Europe, the practice arose only with Late Antiquity, continuing the homoioteleuton of rhetorics. Irish literature introduced the rhyme to Early Medieval Europe [1]; in the 7th century we find the Irish had brought the art of rhyming verses to a high pitch of perfection. The leonine verse is notable for introducing rhyme into High Medieval literature in the 12th century. From the 12th to the 20th centuries, European poetry is dominated by rhyme. Shī Jīng (Chinese: 詩經), translated variously as the Classic of Poetry, the Book of Songs or the Book of Odes, is the first major collection of Chinese poems. ...
Late Antiquity is a rough periodization (c. ...
A Homoioteleuton (also Homoeoteleuton, Omoioteliton, Omoioteleton) is a figure in Rhetoric. ...
This article deals with Old Irish and Middle Irish literature // The earliest existing examples of the written Irish language as preserved in manuscripts do not go back farther than the 8th century; they are chiefly found in Scriptural glosses written between the lines or on the margins of religious works...
Leonine verse is a type of versification based on internal rhyme, and commonly used in Latin verse of the European Middle Ages. ...
Types of rhyme The word "Rhyme" can be used in a specific and a general sense. In the specific sense, two words rhyme if their final stressed vowel and all following sounds are identical; two lines of poetry rhyme if their final strong positions are filled with rhyming words. A rhyme in the strict sense is also called a "perfect rhyme". Examples are sight and flight, deign and gain, madness and sadness.
Perfect rhymes can be classified according to the number of syllables included in the rhyme
- masculine: a rhyme in which the stress is on the final syllable of the words. (rhyme, sublime, crime)
- feminine: a rhyme in which the stress is on the penultimate (second from last) syllable of the words. (picky, tricky, sticky)
- dactylic: a rhyme in which the stress is on the antepenultimate (third from last) syllable ('cacophonies", "Aristophanes")
In the general sense, "rhyme" can refer to various kinds of phonetic similarity between words, and to the use of such similar-sounding words in organizing verse. Rhymes in this general sense are classified according to the degree and manner of the phonetic similarity: This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...
A feminine rhyme, in English prosody, is a rhyme that matches two or more syllables at the end of the respective lines. ...
- syllabic: a rhyme in which the last syllable of each word sounds the same but does not necessarily contain vowels. (cleaver, silver, or pitter, patter)
- imperfect: a rhyme between a stressed and an unstressed syllable. (wing, caring)
- semirhyme: a rhyme with an extra syllable on one word. (bend, ending)
- oblique (or slant): a rhyme with an imperfect match in sound. (green, fiend)
- assonance: matching vowels. (shake, hate)
- consonance: matching consonants. (her, dark)
- half rhyme (or sprung rhyme): matching final consonants. (bent, ant)
- alliteration (or head rhyme): matching initial consonants. (short,ship)
It has already been remarked that in a perfect rhyme the last stressed vowel and all following sounds are identical in both words. If this identity of sound extends further to the left, the rhyme becomes more than perfect. An example of such a "super-rhyme" is the "identical rhyme", in which not only the vowels but also the onsets of the rhyming syllables are identical, as in gun and begun. Punning rhymes such are "bare" and "bear" are also identical rhymes. The rhyme may of course extend even further to the left than the last stressed vowel. If it extends all the way to the beginning of the line, so that we have two lines that sound identical, then it is called "holorhyme" ("For I scream/For ice cream"). Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds in non-rhyming words, for example Do you like blue?. Here the oo sound is repeated within the sentence. ...
Consonance is a stylistic device, often used in poetry characterized by the repetition of two or more consonants using different vowels, for example, the i and a followed by the tter sound in pitter patter. ...
Half rhyme, sometimes called slant, sprung, lose or near rhyme, and less commonly eye rhyme (a term covering a broader phenomenon), is consonance on the final consonants of the words involved. ...
Alliteration is the repetition of a leading consonant sound in a phrase. ...
The last type of rhyme is the sight (or eye), or similarity in spelling but not in sound, as with cough, bough, or love, move. These are not rhymes in the strict sense, but often were formerly. For example, "sea" and "grey" rhymed in the early eighteenth century, though now they would make at best an eye rhyme. Eye rhyme is a similarity in spelling between words that are pronounced differently and hence, not an auditory rhyme. ...
The preceding classification has been based on the nature of the rhyme; but we may also classify rhymes according to their position in the verse:
- tail rhyme (also called end rhyme or rime couée): a rhyme in the final syllable(s) of a verse (the most common kind)
- When a word at the end of the line rhymes within a word in the interior of the line, it is called an internal rhyme.
- Holorhyme has already been mentioned, by which not just two individual words, but two entire lines rhyme.
A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming lines in a poem. Internal rhyme is rhyme which occurs within a single line of verse. In poetry, internal rhyme, or middle rhyme, is rhyme which occurs within a single line of verse. ...
A rhyme scheme is like the pattern of rhyming like lines in a poem or in like lyrics for music. ...
In poetry, internal rhyme, or middle rhyme, is rhyme which occurs within a single line of verse. ...
Rhyme in English - See English poetry
Old English poetry is mostly alliterative verse. One of the earliest rhyming poems in English is The Rhyming Poem. Many regard William Shakespeare as the greatest English poet. ...
Old English poetry is based upon one system of verse construction which was used for all poems. ...
The Old English epic poem Beowulf is written in alliterative verse. ...
The Rhyming Poem is one of the poems found in the Exeter Book. ...
Some words in English, such as "orange" or "pint" or "iron", are commonly regarded as having no rhyme. Although a clever poet can get around this (for example, by rhyming "orange" with combinations of words like "door hinge" or with far-fetched words like "Blorenge", a hill in Wales), it is generally easier to move the word out of rhyming position or replace it with a synonym ("orange" could become "amber"). Blorenge (Welsh: ) is a hill in Wales near Abergavenny and Llanfoist, near Blaenavon World Heritage Site. ...
Synonyms (in ancient Greek, συν (syn) = plus and όνομα (onoma) = name) are different words with similar or identical meanings. ...
The most famous remarks in English on rhyme are from John Milton's preface to Paradise Lost: For other persons named John Milton, see John Milton (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Paradise Lost (disambiguation). ...
- The Measure is English Heroic Verse without Rime, as that of Homer in Greek, and of Virgil in Latin; Rime being no necessary Adjunct or true Ornament of Poem or good Verse, in longer Works especially, but the Invention of a barbarous Age, to set off wretched matter and lame Meeter; grac't indeed since by the use of some famous modern Poets, carried away by Custom...
A more tempered view is taken by W. H. Auden in The Dyer's Hand: Wystan Hugh Auden (21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973) IPA: ;[1], who signed his works W. H. Auden, was an Anglo-American poet, regarded by many as one of the greatest writers of the 20th century. ...
The Dyers Hand and other essays is a prose book by W. H. Auden, published in 1962. ...
- Rhymes, meters, stanza forms, etc., are like servants. If the master is fair enough to win their affection and firm enough to command their respect, the result is an orderly happy household. If he is too tyrannical, they give notice; if he lacks authority, they become slovenly, impertinent, drunk and dishonest.
Rhyme in French In French poetry, unlike in English, it is common to have "identical rhymes", in which not only the vowels of the final syllables of the lines rhyme, but their onset consonants ("consonnes d'appui") as well. To the ear of someone accustomed to English verse, this often sounds like a very weak rhyme. For example, an English perfect rhyme of homophones, flour and flower, would seem weak, whereas a French rhyme of homophones doigt and doit is not only acceptable but quite common. French poetry is a category of French literature. ...
Rhymes are sometimes classified into the categories "rime pauvre" ("poor rhyme"), "rime suffisante" ("sufficient rhyme"), "rime riche" ("rich rhyme") and "rime richissime" ("very rich rhyme"), according to the number of rhyming sounds in the two words. For example to rhyme "parla" with "sauta" would be a poor rhyme (the words have only the vowel in common), to rhyme "pas" with "bras" a sufficient rhyme (with the vowel and the silent consonant in common), and "tante" with "attente" a rich rhyme (with the vowel, the onset consonant, and the coda consonant with its mute "e" in common). Authorities disagree, however, on exactly where to place the boundaries between the categories.
Holorime is an extreme example of rime richissime spanning an entire verse. Alphonse Allais was a notable exponent of holorime. Here is an example of a holorime couplet: Noun 1. ...
Alphonse Allais (October 20, 1854 - October 28, 1905) was a French writer and humorist, born in Honfleur, Calvados. ...
- Gall, amant de la Reine, alla (tour magnanime)
- Gallamment de l'Arène à la Tour Magne, à Nîmes.
- Gallus, the Queen's lover, went (a magnanimous gesture)
- Gallantly from the Arena to the Great Tower, at Nîmes.
Classical French rhyme does not differ from English rhyme only in its different treatment of onset consonants. It also treats coda consonants in a peculiarly French way.
French spelling includes a lot of final letters that are no longer pronounced. Such final sounds, which were once pronounced, continue to live a shadowy existence in Classical French versification. They are in almost all of the pre-20th century French verse texts, but these rhyming rules are almost never taken into account from the 20th century on.
The most important "silent" letter is the "mute e". In spoken French today, this silent "e" leads a kind of half-life after consonants; but in Classical French prosody, it was considered an integral part of the rhyme even when following the vowel. "Joue" could rhyme with "boue", but not with "trou". Rhyming words ending with this silent "e" were said to make up a "feminine rhyme", while words not ending with this silent "e" made up a "masculine rhyme". It was a principle of stanza-formation that masculine and feminine rhymes had to alternate in the stanza. All 17th century French plays in verse alternate masculine and feminine alexandrine couplets. An alexandrine is a line of poetic meter. ...
The "silent" final consonants present a more complex case. They, too, were considered an integral part of the rhyme, so that "pont" could rhyme only with "vont" not with "long"; but this cannot be reduced to a simple rule about the spelling, since "pont" would also rhyme with "rond" even though one word ends in "t" and the other in "d". This is because the correctness of the rhyme depends not on the spelling on the final consonant, but on how it would have been pronounced. There are a few simple rules that govern word-final consonants in French prosody:
- The consonants must "rhyme" give or take their voicing. So "d" and "t" rhyme because they differ only in voicing. So too with "g" and "c", and "p" and "b", and also "s" and "z" (and "x"). (Rhyming words ending with a silent "s" "x" or "z" are called "plural rhymes".)
- Nasal vowels rhyme no matter what their spelling. ("Essaim" can rhyme with "sain", but not with "saint" because the final "t" counts in "saint".)
- If the word ends in a consonant cluster, only the final consonant counts. ("Temps" rhymes with "lents" because both end in "s".)
Rhyme in Hebrew Ancient Hebrew verse generally did not employ rhyme. However, many Jewish liturgical poems rhyme today, because they were written in medieval Europe, where rhymes were in vogue. Hebrew redirects here. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
A liturgy is the customary public worship of a religious group, according to their particular traditions. ...
The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...
Rhyme in Portuguese Portuguese classifies rhymes in the following manner: - rima pobre (poor rhyme): rhyme between words of the same grammatical category (e.g. noun with noun) or between very common endings (-ão, -ar);
- rima rica (rich rhyme): rhyme between words of different grammatical classes or with uncommon endings;
- rima preciosa (precious rhyme): rhyme between words with a different morphology, for example estrela (star) with vê-la (to see her);
- rima esdrúxula (odd rhyme): rhyme between proparoxitonic words (example: última, "last", and vítima, "victim").
A grammatical category is a general term. ...
For other uses, see Morphology. ...
Proparoxytone is a linguistic term for a word with stress on the antepenultimate syllable, that is, the last but two, the English words acromegaly and operational. ...
Rhyme in Greek - See Homoioteleuton rhyme
A Homoioteleuton (also Homoeoteleuton, Omoioteliton, Omoioteleton) is a figure in Rhetoric. ...
Rhyme in Latin In Latin rhetoric and poetry homeoteleuton and alliteration were frequently used devices. For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
Homeoteleuton (from the Greek ομοιοτÎλευτον,[1] homoioteleuton, like ending) is the repetition of endings in words. ...
Alliteration is the repetition of a leading consonant sound in a phrase. ...
But tail rhyme was not used as a prominent structural feature of Latin poetry until it was introduced under the influence of local vernacular traditions in the early Middle Ages. This is the Latin hymn Dies Irae: Latin poetry was a major part of Latin literature during the height of the Latin language. ...
The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Hymn (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Dies Irae (disambiguation). ...
- Dies irae, dies illa
- Solvet saeclum in favilla
- Teste David cum Sybilla
Medieval poetry may mix Latin and vernacular languages. Mixing languages in verse or rhyming words in different languages is termed macaronic. Because most of what we have was written down by clerics, much of extant medieval poetry is religious, helping to preserve it. ...
Look up Vernacular in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Macaronic refers to text spoken or written using a mixture of languages. ...
Rhyme in Sanskrit Patterns of rich rhyme (prāsa) play a role in modern Sanskrit poetry, but only to a minor extent in historical Sanskrit texts; they are classified according to their position within the pada, AdiprAsa (first syllable), Dwitiyakshara prasa (the second syllable), antyaprAsa (final syllable) etc. A pada ( foot) in Sanskrit poetic meter (chandas) is a quarter of a full verse (the foot of a quadruped being one out of four), e. ...
Rhyme in the Qu'ran The Qu'ran is written in a prosaic genre that uses end rhymes. This particular style was widely spread on the Arabic peninsula during the time of the Qu'ran's synthesis. The Quran ( Arabic al-qurʾān أَلْقُرآن; its literal meaning is the recitation and is often called Al Quran Al Karim: The Noble Quran, also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ...
Rhyme in Celtic Languages - For Welsh See cynghanedd
Rhyming in the Celtic Languages takes a drastically different course from most other Western rhyming schemes as these languages had only minimal contact with the Romance and Greek patterns. Gaelic languages (especially Irish Gaelic) do not use rhyming but rather assonance or the rhyming of vowel sounds within non-rhyming words. Often, pieces with true rhyming are considered awkward to Gaelic speakers, much in the same way many English speakers find the Irish rhyming pattern. Example of Irish Gaelic rhyme: Cynghanedd (literally harmony), in Welsh language poetry, is the basic concept of sound-arrangement within one line. ...
The Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or Common Celtic, a branch of the greater Indo-European language family. ...
Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ...
Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds in non-rhyming words, for example Do you like blue?. Here the oo sound is repeated within the sentence. ...
Is a Bhríd Óg Ní Mhaille, 's tú d'fhág mo chroí cráite (is a vreej ohg nee wahllya 's two dawg mow xree crawtchah)
Rhyme in Tamil There are some unique rhyming schemes in Dravidian languages like Tamil. Specifically, the rhyme called 'edukai'(anaphora) rhymes on the beginning of subsequent line of a poem. The effect of 'edukai', though a little strange at first, rapidly becomes pleasant to the reader, and to the Tamil it is as enjoyable as the end rhyme. This article is about the rhetorical term. ...
The other rhyme and related patterns are called 'mōnai' (alliteration), 't̪odai' (epiphora) and 'irattai kilavi' (parallelism). Alliteration is the repetition of a leading consonant sound in a phrase. ...
This figure of speech is the counterpart of anaphora, because the repetition of the same word or words comes at the end of successive phrases, clauses or sentences. ...
Parallelism means to give two or more parts of the sentences a similar form so as to give the whole a definite pattern. ...
Some classical Tamil poetry forms, such as Venpa, have rigid grammars for rhyme to the point that they could be expressed as a context-free grammar.
Function of Rhyme Rhyme has multiple functions. Partly it seems to be enjoyed simply as a repeating pattern that is pleasant to hear. It also serves as a powerful mnemonic device, facilitating memorization. The regular use of tail rhyme helps to mark off the ends of lines, thus clarifying the metrical structure for the listener. As with other poetic techniques, poets use it to suit their own purposes; for example William Shakespeare often used a rhyming couplet to mark off the end of a scene in a play. For other uses, see Mnemonic (disambiguation). ...
Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
For the Angel episode, see Couplet (Angel episode). ...
See also Rap redirects here. ...
The rhyming spiritual is a religious genre of music found in the Bahamas, and also the songs, usually spirituals, and vocal-style within that genre. ...
Consonance is the repition of consonant sounds, but not vowels as in assonance Examples: lady lounges lazily , dark deep dread crept in for consonance in music, see Consonance and dissonance Lakefield College School Key Literary Terms ...
Alliteration is the repetition of a leading consonant sound in a phrase. ...
Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds in non-rhyming words, for example Do you like blue?. Here the oo sound is repeated within the sentence. ...
There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...
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In poetry, internal rhyme, or middle rhyme, is rhyme which occurs within a single line of verse. ...
Notes
External links Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 151 languages. ...
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