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Encyclopedia > Richard Smalley
Richard Errett Smalley
Richard Errett Smalley

Richard Errett Smalley (June 6, 1943October 28, 2005) was the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of a new form of carbon, buckminsterfullerene ("buckyballs") (with Robert Curl, also a professor of chemistry at Rice, and Harold Kroto, a professor at the University of Sussex). Image File history File links Richardsmalley. ... Image File history File links Richardsmalley. ... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Norman Hackerman was a chemist, and president of Rice University (1970–1985). ... Chemistry (derived from alchemy) is the science of matter at or near the atomic scale. ... Physics is the Science of Nature The word Physics comes from the Greek, φύσις (physis) which means nature (or from its adjective form φυσικός (physikos) meaning natural) The deepest visible-light image of the universe, the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. ... Radio telescopes are among many different tools used by astronomers Astronomy (Greek: αστρονομία = άστρον + νόμος, astronomia = astron + nomos, literally, law of the stars) is the science of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the Earths atmosphere, such as stars, planets, comets, auroras, galaxies, and the cosmic background radiation. ... Rice University Rice University William Marsh Rice University, commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as Rice Institute, is one of the United Statess top teaching and research universities. ... Nickname: Space City Official website: www. ... Sir Edward Appletons medal Photographs of Nobel Prize Medals. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Buckminsterfullerene (C60) Fullerenes are molecules composed entirely of carbon, taking the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. ... Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. ... Sir Harold Walter Kroto KBE , FRS , Ph. ... The University of Sussex is an English campus university located near the East Sussex village of Falmer, near Brighton and Hove and on the edge of the South Downs. ...

Contents


Early life

Smalley, the youngest of 4 siblings, was born in Akron, Ohio, and grew up in Kansas City, Missouri. Nickname: The Rubber Capital of the World Official website: http://www. ... Nickname: City of Fountains or Heart of America Official website: http://www. ...


Early career

Smalley attended Hope College before transferring to the University of Michigan where he received his B.S. in 1965. Between his studies, he worked in industry, where he developed his unique managerial style. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1973. He completed postdoctoral work at the University of Chicago, with Lennard Wharton and Donald Levy, where he was a pioneer in the development of supersonic beam laser spectroscopy. Hope College is a medium-sized (3,100 undergraduates), private, residential liberal arts college located in downtown Holland, Michigan, a few miles from Lake Michigan. ... This article is about the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. ... A Bachelor of Science (B.S., B.Sc. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Doctor of Philosophy, or Ph. ... Princeton University is a coeducational private university located on an extensive campus in and around suburban Princeton, New Jersey. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... The University of Chicago is a private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Sound barrier. ...


Fullerenes and nanotechnology

Smalley's research in physical chemistry investigated formation of inorganic and semiconductor clusters using the then-novel technique of ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy. As a consequence of this expertise, Robert Curl introduced him to Harry Kroto in order to investigate a question about the constituents of astronomical 'dark matter'. The result of this collaboration was the discovery of C60 as the third allotropic form of carbon. // An ion is an atom, group of atoms, or subatomic particle with a net electric charge. ... A pair of Dee electrodes with loops of coolant pipes on their surface at the Lawrence Hall of Science. ... The Tacoma Narrows Bridge (shown twisting) in Washington collapsed spectacularly, under moderate wind, in part because of resonance. ... Mass is a property of a physical object that quantifies the amount of matter it contains. ... Extremely high resolution spectrum of the Sun showing thousands of elemental absorption lines (fraunhofer lines) Spectroscopy is the study of spectra, that is, the dependence of physical quantities on frequency. ...


Following nearly a decade's worth of research into the formation of alternate fullerine compounds (e.g. c28, c70), as well as the synthesis of endohedral metallofullerinese (M@c60), reports of the identification of carbon nanotube structures led Rick to begin investigating the iron-catalyzed syntheis of carbon nanotubes.


As a consequence of these researches, Smalley was able to persuade the administration of Rice University under Malcolm Gillis to create the Rice Center for Nanoscience and Technology (CNST), focusing on any aspect of molecular nanotechnology. Not without controversy, this was a consequence of Smalley's concurrent wooing by Berkeley and Princeton.


Smalley's latest research was focused on carbon nanotubes, specifically focusing on the chemical synthesis side of nanotube research. He is well-known for his group's invention of the high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco) method of producing large batches of high-quality nanotubes. Smalley spun off his work into a company, Carbon Nanotechnologies Inc. and associated nanotechnologies. He was an outspoken critic of the idea of molecular nanomachines, as advocated by K. Eric Drexler. Contrary to popular belief, he was not a critic of molecular nanotechnology on any moral or ethical grounds, but rather, Dr. Smalley believed chemical nanotechnology processes are more realistic and thus much more deserving of funding. An electronic device known as a diode can be formed by joining two nanoscale carbon tubes with different electronic properties. ... In chemistry, the phrase chemical synthesis appears to have one of two meanings. ... Carbon monoxide, chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, flammable and highly toxic gas. ... Nanotechnology comprises technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0. ... A mite next to a gear chain produced using nanotechnology Nanotechnology comprises any technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0. ... Kim Eric Drexler (born April 25, 1955) is an American engineer best known for popularizing the potential of hypothetical molecular nanotechnology. ... It has been suggested that Molecular engineering be merged into this article or section. ...


Energy challenge

In recent years, Smalley was very outspoken about the need for cheap, clean energy, which he described as the number one problem facing humanity in the 21st century. He felt very strongly that improved science education was key, and went to great lengths to encourage young students to consider careers in science. His heart-felt slogan was "Be a scientist, save the world." Clean energies are forms of energy which do not pollute the air, the ground, or the sea. ...


Conversion to Christianity

Skeptical of religion in general for most of his life, Smalley became a Christian during his last years. (See Wikiquote article for personal statement.) A Christian is a follower of Jesus Christ. ...


Old Earth creationist and astronomer Hugh Ross spoke at Smalley's funeral, November 2, 2005. Old Earth creationism is a variant of the creationist view of the origin of the universe and life on Earth. ... An astronomer or astrophysicist is a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics. ... Hugh Ross Dr. Hugh Ross (born 1945) is a Canadian-born Old Earth Creationist. ...


Fighting cancer

In 1999 Smalley was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which later became chronic lymphocytic leukemia. He died on October 28, 2005, at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, at the age of 62. Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is a type of cancer. ... Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (or chronic lymphoid leukemia) CLL, is a cancer in which too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cells) are produced. ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... M. D. Anderson Cancer Center was created by the Texas Legislature in 1941 as a component of the University of Texas System, and the faculty numbers 1,069 both M.D.s and Ph. ...


Education

Hope College is a medium-sized (3,100 undergraduates), private, residential liberal arts college located in downtown Holland, Michigan, a few miles from Lake Michigan. ... Holland is a city in the western region of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... A Bachelor of Science (B.S., B.Sc. ... This article is about the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. ... For the railroad company, see Ann Arbor Railroad. ... Princeton University is a coeducational private university located on an extensive campus in and around suburban Princeton, New Jersey. ... Princeton, New Jersey, is the name of a section of Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. ...

Honors

Fellowships

  • Harold W. Dodds Fellow, Princeton University, 1973
  • Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1978 - 1980, Fellow of the American Physical Society, 1987

The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the worlds second largest organization of physicists. ...

Awards and prizes

  • Irving Langmuir Prize in Chemical Physics, American Physical Society, 1991
  • Popular Science Magazine Grand Award in Science & Technology, 1991
  • APS International Prize for New Materials, 1992 (Joint with R. F. Curl & H. W. Kroto)
  • Ernest O. Lawrence Memorial Award, U.S. Department of Energy, 1992
  • Welch Award in Chemistry, Robert A. Welch Foundation, 1992
  • Auburn-G.M. Kosolapoff Award, Auburn Section, American Chemical Society, 1992
  • Southwest Regional Award, American Chemical Society, 1992
  • William H. Nichols Medal, New York Section, American Chemical Society, 1993
  • The John Scott Award, City of Philadelphia, 1993
  • Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize, European Physical Society, 1994
  • Harrison Howe Award, Rochester Section, American Chemical Society, 1994
  • Madison Marshall Award, North Alabama Section, American Chemical Society, 1995
  • Franklin Medal, The Franklin Institute, 1996
  • Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 1996
  • Rice University Homecoming Queen, Rice University Undergraduates, 1996 (according to [1], confirmed by Smalley's official CV at [2])
  • Distinguished Civilian Public Service Award, Department of the Navy, 1997
  • American Carbon Society Medal, 1997
  • Top 75 Distinguished Contributors, Chemical & Engineering News, 1998
  • Lifetime Achievement Award, Small Times Magazine, 2003
  • Glenn T. Seaborg Medal, University of California at Los Angeles, 2002
  • Distinguished Alumni Award, Hope College, 2005
  • 50th Anniversary Visionary Award, SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2005

This article is not about the magazine, Popular Science Popular science is interpretation of science intended for a general audience, rather than for other scientists or students. ... The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is a Cabinet-level department of the United States government responsible for energy policy and nuclear safety. ... The American Chemical Society (ACS), a learned society (professional association) based in the United States, supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to the present day. ... The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or , founded in 1739 by King Frederick I, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. ... The University of California, Los Angeles, popularly known as UCLA, is a public, coeducational university situated in the neighborhood of Westwood within the city of Los Angeles. ... The International Society for Optical Engineering (or SPIE) is an international non-for-profit organization for the promotion of optical engineering. ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

  Results from FactBites:
 
Richard Smalley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (846 words)
Richard Errett Smalley (June 6, 1943 – October 28, 2005) was the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas.
Smalley's latest research was focused on carbon nanotubes, specifically focusing on the chemical synthesis side of nanotube research.
In 1999 Smalley was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which later became chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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