Robert Bauval was born on 5 March 1948 in Alexandria, Egypt to parents of Belgian origin. He attended the British Boys' School in Alexandria and the Franciscan College in Buckinghamshire, England. He was expelled from Egypt during the reign of Gamal Nasser. He has spent most of his life living and working in the Middle East and Africa as a construction engineer. This article is about the day. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Alexandria on the map of Egypt Map of Alexandria Coordinates: , Country Egypt Founded 334 BC Government  - Governor Adel Labib Population (2001)  - City 3,500,000 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3) Twin Cities  - Baltimore  United States  - Cleveland  United States  - ConstanÅ£a  Romania  - Durban  South Africa... The Order of Friars Minor and other Franciscan movements are disciples of Saint Francis of Assisi. ... Buckinghamshire (abbreviated Bucks) is one of the home counties in South East England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Gamal Abdel Nasser (Arabic: جمال عبد الناصر) Gamal Abdel Nasser (January 15, 1918 - September 28, 1970) was the second President of Egypt after Muhammad Naguib and is considered one of the most important Arab leaders in history. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Writing career

In the early 1990s Bauval had been trying to obtain a translation of Hermetica by Walter Scott. He then came across a new edition printed by Solo Press with a foreword by Adrian Gilbert. Bauval contacted Gilbert after being interested in his foreword concerning a link between an Alexandrine school of Hermes Trismegistus and the pyramid builders of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt. They went on to write The Orion Mystery together, which became a No. 1 bestseller in the United Kingdom. He has also co-authored three books with Graham Hancock, including a very contentious book on possible artificial structures on Mars (The Mars Mystery - 1998). Hermetica refers to a category of popular Late Antique literature purporting to contain secret wisdom, and generally attributed to Hermes Trismegistus. ... Adrian Gilbert (Born July 1949) is an bestselling British author and independent publisher who lives in Dorset, England. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Graham Hancock Graham Hancock (born 1951) is a British writer and journalist. ... Adjectives: Martian Atmosphere Surface pressure: 0. ...

Works

• The Orion Mystery (with Adrian Gilbert) (1994)
• Keeper Of Genesis (with Graham Hancock) (1995)
• The Mars Mystery (with Graham Hancock) (1998)
• Secret Chamber (1999)
• Talisman (with Graham Hancock) (2004)
• The Egypt Code (Oct 2006) www.theegyptcode.co.uk

More at the Books Page: www.robertbauval.co.uk/books.html Graham Hancock Graham Hancock (born 1951) is a British writer and journalist. ...

Orion Correlation Theory

Bauval is specifically known for the Orion Correlation Theory (OCT). This proposes a relationship between the fourth dynasty Egyptian pyramids of the Giza Plateau and the alignment of certain stars in the constellation of Orion. The Fourth dynasty of Egypt was the second of the four dynasties considered forming the Old Kingdom. ... All Giza Pyramids Map of Giza pyramid complex. ... The Giza pyramid field, viewed from the southwest. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Orion (IPA: ), a constellation often referred to as The Hunter, is a prominent constellation, one of the largest and perhaps the best-known and most conspicuous in the sky[1]. Its brilliant stars are found on the celestial equator and are visible throughout the world, making this constellation globally recognized. ...

One night, while working in Saudi Arabia, he took his family and a friend's family up into the sand dunes of the Arabian desert for a camping expedition. His friend pointed out Orion, and mentioned that Mintaka, the smaller more easterly of the stars making up Orion's belt was offset slightly from the others. Bauval then made a connection between the layout of the three main stars in Orion's belt and the layout of the three main pyramids in the Giza necropolis. This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Orion (IPA: ), a constellation often referred to as The Hunter, is a prominent constellation, one of the largest and perhaps the best-known and most conspicuous in the sky[1]. Its brilliant stars are found on the celestial equator and are visible throughout the world, making this constellation globally recognized. ... Mintaka, also known as δ Orionis, is one of the three stars of the belt of the Orion constellation. ... 19th-century tourists in front of the Sphinx - view from South-East, Great Pyramid in background The Giza Necropolis stands on the Giza Plateau, on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt. ...

This theory has inspired some books of such other successful writers as Javier Sierra. Sierra and Bauval work together in the study of a "Golden Age of the Humanity", dated in our most remote past. Image:JavierSierra. ...

Controversy

Some of the hypotheses put forward in his works are regarded by most mainstream archaeologists and historians as a form of pseudoscience. Among his more notable contentions is the supposed existence some 12,500 years ago of a now-forgotten advanced progenitor civilization, not explicitly named as such but identifiable with "Atlantis". Archaeology or sometimes in American English archeology (from the Greek words αρχαίος = ancient and λόγος = word/speech) is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains, including architecture, artefacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes. ... A historian is an individual who studies history and who writes on history. ... A typical 18th century phrenology chart. ... Central New York City. ... For other uses, see Atlantis (disambiguation). ...

Several Egyptologists have however entertained the general idea that some astronomical correlations may have figured in or been represented by certain physical features and orientations in Ancient Egyptian monuments — but not the exact claims and correlations put forward by Bauval and his co-authors. In particular, the aspects of the OCT which claim there is a link between the Ancient Egyptian structures at Giza and the constellations as they looked some 12500 years ago are yet to find any support from within the field. An Egyptologist is any archaeologist, historian, linguist, or art historian who specializes in Egyptology, the scientific study of Ancient Egypt and its antiquities. ... Khafres Pyramid (4th dynasty) and Great Sphinx of Giza (c. ... The Giza pyramid field, viewed from the southwest. ...

One such expressing an interest in these ideas was a leading authority on the Pyramids of the mid- to latter-20th century, Dr I.E.S. Edwards. In a 1992 statement, Edwards says of Bauval "In my opinion he has made a number of interesting discoveries"; however Robert Bauval himself acknowledges that categorical statements about Edwards' position on the OCT as later developed by Bauval and Hancock in The Keeper of Genesis cannot be made as he did not comment directly on the material. Bauval further acknowledges that "he would have been unlikely to give further support to such controversial ideas linking Giza and 10,500 BC or 11,500 BC" [1]. Dr Iorweth Eiddon Stephen Edwards (Born London July 1909-September 1996) - I.E.S. Edwards was for the last half of the 20th Century considered to be the worlds leading expert on the Pyramids of Egypt. ...

External links

• Robert Bauval's Official Website: www.robertbauval.co.uk
• Ed Krupp article: "Pyramid Marketing Schemes"
• Jaromir Malek article: "Orion and the Giza pyramids"