Rockefeller Center is a complex of 19 commercial buildings covering 22 acres between 48th and 51st Streets in New York City. Built by the Rockefeller family, it is located in the center of Midtown Manhattan, spanning between Fifth Avenue and Seventh Avenue. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987.^[1][3][4] It is the largest privately held complex of its kind in the world, and an international symbol of modernist architectural style blended with capitalism. For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (820x615, 133 KB)The author of this photograph is me, David Shankbone. ... Midtown Manhattan viewed from the World Trade Center. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... This article is about the state. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Raymond M. Hood (March 29, 1881 - August 14, 1934) was an early-mid twentieth century architect who worked in the Art Deco style. ... Modern architecture, not to be confused with contemporary architecture, is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament. ... Asheville City Hall. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... is the 357th day of the year (358th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... is the 357th day of the year (358th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... Tishman Speyer Properties is a leading real estate building and operating company set up in 1978 by two founding partners, Jerry Speyer and Robert Tishman. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... The Rockefeller family, the family of John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) (Senior) and his brother William Rockefeller (1841-1922), is an American industrial, banking, philanthropic, and political family of German American origin that made the worlds largest private fortune in the oil business during the late 19th and early... Midtown Manhattan viewed from the World Trade Center. ... Fifth Avenue redirects here. ... 7th Avenue, looking south from 50th Street Seventh Avenue/Adam Clayton Powell Jr. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... Modern architecture, not to be confused with contemporary architecture, is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament. ... For other uses, see Capitalism (disambiguation). ...

History

Gardens on the roofs of Rockefeller Plaza buildings.

Rockefeller Center was named after John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who leased the space from Columbia University in 1928 and developed it from 1930. Rockefeller initially planned a syndicate to build an opera house for the Metropolitan Opera on the site, but changed his mind after the stock market crash of 1929 and the withdrawal of the Metropolitan from the project. Rockefeller stated "It was clear that there were only two courses open to me. One was to abandon the entire development. The other to go forward with it in the definite knowledge that I myself would have to build it and finance it alone."^[5] He took on the enormous project as the sole financier, on a 24-year lease^[6] (with the option for three 21-year renewals for a total of 87 years) for the site from Columbia; negotiating a line of credit with the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and covering ongoing expenses through the sale of oil company stock. A roof garden is any garden on the roof of a building. ... John D. Rockefeller Jr. ... Alma Mater Columbia University is a private university in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. ... New York State Theater, Lincoln Center, home of the New York City Opera Bolshoi Theatre. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the lead section of this article may need to be expanded. ... In days leading up to Black Thursday the market was unstable. ... MetLife, Inc. ...

It was the largest private building project ever undertaken in modern times.^[7] Construction of the 14 buildings in the Art Deco style (without the original opera house proposal) began on May 17, 1930 and was completed on November 1, 1939 when he drove in the final (silver) rivet into 10 Rockefeller Plaza. Principal builder, and "managing agent", for the massive project was John R. Todd and principal architect was Raymond Hood, working with and leading three architectural firms, on a team that included a young Wallace Harrison, later to become the family's principal architect and adviser to Nelson Rockefeller. Asheville City Hall. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Raymond M. Hood (March 29, 1881 - August 14, 1934) was an early-mid twentieth century architect who worked in the Art Deco style. ... Wallace K. Harrison is a mid-twentieth-century architect. ... Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American Vice President, governor of New York State, philanthropist and businessman. ...

It was the public relations pioneer Ivy Lee, the prominent adviser to the family, who first suggested the name "Rockefeller Center" for the complex, in 1931. Junior initially did not want the Rockefeller family name associated with the commercial project, but was persuaded on the grounds that the name would attract far more tenants.^[8] Ivy Ledbetter Lee (July 16, 1877 – November 9, 1934) is considered by some to be the founder of modern public relations, although the title could also be held by Edward Bernays. ... The Rockefeller family, the family of John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) (Senior) and his brother William Rockefeller (1841-1922), is an American industrial, banking, philanthropic, and political family of German American origin that made the worlds largest private fortune in the oil business during the late 19th and early...

What could have become a major controversy in the mid-1930s concerned the last of the four European buildings that remained unnamed. Attempts were made by Ivy Lee and others to rent out the space to German commercial concerns and name it the Deutsches Haus. Junior ruled this out after being advised of Hitler's Nazi march towards World War II, and thus the empty office site became the International Building North.^[9] Hitler redirects here. ... Nazism in history Nazi ideology Nazism and race Outside Germany Related subjects Lists Politics Portal         Nazism or National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), refers primarily to the ideology and practices of the Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers Party, German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) under Adolf Hitler. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

This subsequently became the primary location of the U.S. operations of British Intelligence, British Security Coordination (BSC) during the War, with Room 3603 becoming the principal operations center for Allied intelligence, organized by William Stephenson, as well as the office of the future head of what was later to become the Central Intelligence Agency, Allen Welsh Dulles.^[10] The British Security Coordination was authorized by Winston Churchill in 1940 as a highly secret organization in New York to supervise the activities of the British intellignece service -- MI5, Special Operations Executive, the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), & the Political Warfare Executive -- in the Western hemisphere. ... For other persons named William Stephenson, see William Stephenson (disambiguation). ... CIA redirects here. ... Allen W. Dulles Allen Welsh Dulles (April 7, 1893 – January 29, 1969) was the first civilian and the longest serving (1953-1961) Director of Central Intelligence (de-facto head of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency) and a member of the Warren Commission. ...

Rockefeller Center's landmark plaque

The Center is a combination of two building complexes: the older and original 14 Art Deco office buildings from the 1930s, and a set of four International-style towers built along the west side of Avenue of the Americas during the 1960s and 1970s (plus the Lehman Brothers Building). (The Time-Life Building, McGraw-Hill and News Corporation/Fox News Channel headquarters are part of these "newer" Rockefeller Center buildings, which are now owned/managed by the major private real estate firm, Rockefeller Group.) Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1223 KB) Rockefeller Landmark plaque. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1223 KB) Rockefeller Landmark plaque. ... Asheville City Hall. ... Sixth Avenue is a major avenue in New York Citys borough of Manhattan. ... Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ... The Time-Life Building, located at 1271 Avenue of the Americas in Rockefeller Center in New York is an historically important building opened in 1958 and designed by Wallace Harrison of Harrison, Abramovitz, and Harris. ... The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ... 1211 Avenue of the Americas (Sixth Avenue), where News Corporation is based News Corporation (abbreviated to News Corp) (NYSE: NWS, NYSE: NWSa, ASX: , LSE: NCRA) is an American media conglomerate company and the third worlds largest. ... Fox News redirects here. ... The Rockefeller Group is a global private company based in New York City, primarily involved in real estate operations in the United States. ...

In 1985, Columbia University sold the land beneath Rockefeller Center to the Rockefeller Group for 400 million dollars.^[11] The entire Rockefeller Center complex was purchased by Mitsubishi Estate, a real estate company of the Mitsubishi Group, in 1989, which fully bought out Rockefeller Group. In 2000, the current owner Jerry Speyer (a close friend of David Rockefeller), of Tishman Speyer Properties, L.P., together with the Lester Crown family of Chicago, bought for $1.85 billion the older 14 buildings and land from the previous syndicated owners: Goldman Sachs (which had 50 percent ownership), Gianni Agnelli, Stavros Niarchos, and David Rockefeller, who organized the syndicate in 1996 and is historically associated with the other partners.^[12] Mitsubishi Estate Co. ... For information on Mitsubishi brand computer monitors, see NEC-Mitsubishi Electronics Display of America Inc. ... Jerry Speyer Jerry I. Speyer (born 23 June 1940 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is one of two founding partners of the real estate company Tishman Speyer. ... David Rockefeller, Sr. ... Tishman Speyer Properties is a leading real estate building and operating company set up in 1978 by two founding partners, Jerry Speyer and Robert Tishman. ... The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ... Gianni Agnelli. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Radio City Music Hall

Radio City Music Hall at 50th Street and Avenue of the Americas

The Radio City Music Hall was completed in December, 1932. At the time it was the largest and most opulent theater in the world. Its original name was the International Music Hall but was changed to reflect the new technology of the time—radio. One of the complex's first and most important tenants was RCA, hence the other name the Center itself was dubbed was "Radio City." Radio City Music Hall at Christmas 2005 Radio City Music Hall is an entertainment venue located in New York Citys Rockefeller Center. ... RCA, formerly an acronym for the Radio Corporation of America, is now a trademark owned by Thomson SA through RCA Trademark Management S.A., a company owned by Thomson. ...

The Music Hall was planned by a consortium of three architectural firms, who employed Edward Durell Stone to design the exterior. The interior design was given to the expert of the then European Modernist style and the expression of a new American aesthetic, Donald Deskey, through the direction of Abby Rockefeller. He believed the space would best be served by sculptures and wall paintings and commissioned various artists for the elaborate and now showpiece work. The theater seated 6,000 people and after an initial slow start became the single biggest tourist destination in the city. Its interior was declared a New York City landmark in 1978. Edward Durell Stone (1902 Fayetteville, Arkansas - 1978 New York City) was an American modernist twentieth century architect. ... Aesthetics is commonly perceived as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste. ... Donald Deskey was a design pioneer. ...

The GE Building (RCA Building)

GE Building

A composite of the GE Building seen from 5th Avenue at three different times.

The centerpiece of Rockefeller Center is the 70-floor, 872-foot (266 m) GE Building at 30 Rockefeller Plaza ("30 Rock")—formerly known as the RCA Building—centered behind the sunken plaza. The building is the setting for the now famous photograph taken by Charles C. Ebbets in 1932 of workers lunching on a steel beam without harnesses. The 840-foot (260 m) drop lies below. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2112x2816, 2034 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Skyscraper Rockefeller Center GE Building New York City User:DavidShankBone Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2112x2816, 2034 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Skyscraper Rockefeller Center GE Building New York City User:DavidShankBone Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... GE Building at Rockefeller Center The GE Building at night Close-up against the night sky At night, from the ground View from Top of the Rock at dusk The GE Building is a slim gothic skyscraper and the focal point at the Rockefeller Center. ... GE Building at Rockefeller Center The GE Building at night Close-up against the night sky At night, from the ground View from Top of the Rock at dusk The GE Building is a slim gothic skyscraper and the focal point at the Rockefeller Center. ... Lunch atop a Skyscraper[1] (New York Construction Workers Lunching on a Crossbeam) is a famous photograph taken by Charles C. Ebbets during construction of the GE Building at Rockefeller Center in 1932. ... Charles C. Ebbets (born 1905, died 1978) was an American photographer, whose most famous photos are two photos snapped during the construction of the Rockefeller Center in New York in 1932 (known as Lunch atop a Skyscraper or Resting on a Girder), showing eleven men sitting on a girder eating...

The building was renamed in the 1980s after General Electric (GE) re-acquired RCA, which it helped found in 1919. The famous Rainbow Room club restaurant is located on the 65th floor; the Rockefeller family office covers the 54-56th floors. The skyscraper is the headquarters of NBC and houses most of the network's New York studios, including the legendary Studio 8H, home of Saturday Night Live. NBC currently owns the space it occupies in the building as a condominium arrangement. “GE” redirects here. ... The Rainbow Room is a well-known upscale restaurant on the sixty-fifth floor of the GE Building in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. ... For other uses, see Skyscraper (disambiguation). ... This article is about the television network. ... This article is about the American television series. ...

Unlike most other Art Deco towers built during the 1930s, the GE Building was constructed as a slab with a flat roof, where the Center's newly renovated observation deck, the Top of the Rock^[13] is located, which was first built in 1933. The $75 million makeover of the observation area was carried out by the Center's owner, Tishman Speyer Properties and was finally completed in 2005. It spans from the 67-70th floors and includes a multimedia exhibition exploring the history of the Center. On the 70th floor, reached by both stairs and elevator, there is a 20-foot (6.1 m) wide viewing area, allowing visitors a unique 360-degree panoramic view of New York City.^[14] In architecture, a deck is a constructed flat surface capable of supporting weight, similar to a floor but typically constructed outdoors and usually (though not always) connected to a building. ...

At the front of 30 Rock is the Lower Plaza, in the very center of the complex, which is reached from 5th Avenue through the Channel Gardens and Promenade. The acclaimed sculptor Paul Manship was commissioned in 1933 to create a masterwork (see below) to adorn the central axis, below the famed annual Christmas tree, but all the other original plans to fill the space were abandoned over time. It wasn't until Christmas Day in 1936 that the ice-skating rink was finally installed and the popular Center activity of ice-skating began.^[15] Paul Howard Manship (December 24, 1885 - January 28, 1966) was a prominent American sculptor of the early 20th century. ... The Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree is found in New York Citys Rockefeller Center, and is lit every December, an event usually broadcast on national television in the United States. ...

Center Art

Rockefeller Center contains, amongst many other corporate tenants, the New York headquarters of the world's biggest auction house by revenue, Christie's. The Center represents a turning point in the history of architectural sculpture: it is among the last major building projects in the United States to incorporate a program of integrated public art. Sculptor Lee Lawrie contributed the largest number of individual pieces — twelve — including the statue of Atlas facing Fifth Avenue and the conspicuous friezes above the main entrance to the RCA Building. The Christies auction house in South Kensington, London Christies American branch in Rockefeller Center, New York Christies is a fine art auction house, the largest and by some accounts the oldest in the world. ... Grill work from Education Building, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Lee Oscar Lawrie (October 16, 1877 - January 23, 1963) was one of Americas foremost architectural sculptors and a key figure in the American art scene preceding World War II. His work includes the details on the Capitol building in Lincoln, Nebraska and... In Greek mythology, Atlas was one of the primordial Titans. ... Frieze of the Tower of the Winds. ...

Prometheus at Rockefeller Center

Paul Manship's highly recognizable bronze gilded statue of the Greek legend of the Titan Prometheus recumbent, bringing fire to mankind, features prominently in the sunken plaza at the front of 30 Rockefeller Plaza. The model for Prometheus was Leonardo (Leon) Nole, and the inscription from Aeschylus, on the granite wall behind, reads: "Prometheus, teacher in every art, brought the fire that hath proved to mortals a means to mighty ends." Although some sources cite it as the fourth-most familiar statue in the United States, behind the Lincoln Memorial, Mount Rushmore and the Statue of Liberty, Manship was not particularly fond or proud of it. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 6. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 6. ... Paul Howard Manship (December 24, 1885 - January 28, 1966) was a prominent American sculptor of the early 20th century. ... A gilded Tibetan Vajrasattva Gilding is the art of applying metal leaf (most commonly gold or silver leaf) to a surface. ... Prometheus Brings Fire to Mankind, by Heinrich Füger, (1817). ... This article is about the ancient Greek playwright. ... The Lincoln Memorial, in Washington, D.C., is a United States Presidential memorial built to honor 16th President Abraham Lincoln. ... For the 1960s rock band, see Mount Rushmore (band). ... For other monuments to freedom, see Monument of Liberty. ...

A large number of other artists contributed work at the Center, including Isamu Noguchi, whose gleaming stainless steel bas-relief, News, over the main entrance to 50 Rockefeller Plaza (the Associated Press Building) was a standout. At the time it was the largest metal bas-relief in the world. Other artists included Carl Milles, Hildreth Meiere, Margaret Bourke-White, Dean Cornwell, and Leo Friedlander. Isamu Noguchi , November 17, 1904 - December 30, 1988) was a prominent Japanese -American artist and landscape architect whose artistic career spanned six decades, from the 1920s onward. ... Bas relief is a method of sculpting which entails carving or etching away the surface of a flat piece of stone or metal. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Triton Blowing a Shell, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN Carl Milles, born Carl Emil Wilhelm Andersson son of lieutenant Emil Mille Andersson and his wife Walborg Tisell, (June 23, 1875–September 19, 1955) was a Swedish sculptor, best known for his fountains. ... Hildreth Meiere (1892 New York City – 1961), American artist, architectural artist, muralist and mosaicist. ... Margaret Bourke-White (1904-1971) USPS stamp depicting LIFE magazine cover bearing Fort Peck Dam photograph Margaret Bourke-White (IPA: [1][2], June 14, 1904 – August 27, 1971) was an American photographer and photojournalist. ... Leo Friedlander (1890 - 1966) was an American sculptor who has made several prominent works. ...

Famously, in 1932, the Mexican socialist artist Diego Rivera (whose sponsor was Museum of Modern Art and whose patron at the time was Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, the wife of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.), was commissioned by their son Nelson Rockefeller to create a color fresco for the 1,071-square-foot (99 m²) wall in the lobby of the then RCA Building. This was after Nelson had been unable to secure the commissioning of either Matisse or Picasso. Previously he had painted a controversial mural in Detroit entitled Detroit Industry, commissioned by Abby and John's friend, Edsel Ford, who later became a MoMA trustee. Religious socialism Key Issues People and organizations Related subjects Socialism refers to a broad array of ideologies and political movements with the goal of a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community. ... Diego Rivera (December 8, 1886 – November 24, 1957, born Diego María de la Concepción Juan Nepomuceno Estanislao de la Rivera y Barrientos Acosta y Rodríguez in Guanajuato, Gto. ... This article is about the museum in New York City. ... Abby Aldrich Rockefeller was born Abby Greene Aldrich on October 26, 1874 in Providence, Rhode Island. ... Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American Vice President, governor of New York State, philanthropist and businessman. ... For other uses, see Fresco (disambiguation). ... Henri Matisse (December 31, 1869 – November 3, 1954) was a French artist, noted for his use of color and his fluid, brilliant and original draughtsmanship. ... Picasso redirects here. ... Edsel Bryant Ford (November 6, 1893 – May 26, 1943), son of Henry Ford, was born in Detroit. ... General Electric GE90-115B fanblade, on display at MOMA. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. ...

Prometheus and the Ice Skating rink during the winter in front of the Rockefeller Center

Thus it came as no real surprise when Rivera's Man at the Crossroads became controversial, as it contained Moscow May Day scenes and a clear portrait of Lenin, not apparent in initial sketches. After Nelson issued a written warning to Rivera to replace the offending figure with an anonymous face, Rivera refused (after offering to counterbalance Lenin with a portrait of Lincoln), and so he was paid off and the mural papered over at the instigation of Nelson, who was to become the Center's flamboyant president. Nine months later, after all attempts to save the fresco were explored—including relocating it to Abby's Museum of Modern Art—it was destroyed as a last option.^[16] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Lenin redirects here. ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ... This article is about the museum in New York City. ...

Rivera re-created the work later in Mexico City in modified form, from a photo taken by his wife, Frida Kahlo; in it he included the figure of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. His fresco in the Center was replaced with a stunning, larger mural by the Spanish Catalan artist Jose Maria Sert, titled American Progress, depicting a vast allegorical scene of men constructing modern America. It contains the figures of Abraham Lincoln and Ralph Waldo Emerson, and it is wrapped around the west wall of the Grand Lobby at 30 Rock.^[17] Nickname: Location of Mexico City Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ... Frida Kahlo (July 6, 1907 – July 13, 1954) was a Mexican painter, who has achieved great international popularity. ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ... Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803 – April 27, 1882) was an American essayist, poet, and leader of the Transcendentalist movement in the early nineteenth century. ...

In 1962, a plaque was placed at the plaza with a list of principles in which John D. Rockefeller Jr. believed, first expressed by him in 1941. It begins with: "I believe in the supreme worth of the individual and in his right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," and includes a list of other lifelong beliefs encompassing free enterprise and religion.

Buildings

75 Rockefeller Plaza

The landmark buildings comprise over 8,000,000 square feet (743,000 m²) on 22 acres in Midtown, bounded by Fifth and Sixth Avenues, and running from 48th Street to 51st Street. Rockefeller Center is also a private property open to the public, which is co-own by Tishman-Speyer. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixels Full resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixels Full resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 1. ...

• One Rockefeller Plaza (608,000 sq ft)—originally the Time–Life Building; an original tenant was General Dynamics, for whom the building was briefly named.
• 10 Rockefeller Plaza (288,000 sq ft)—Formerly the Eastern Air Lines Building. The Today Show studios are located there.
• 30 Rockefeller Plaza: GE Building (2.9 million square ft)—Formerly the RCA & RCA West Buildings
• 50 Rockefeller Plaza: Bank of America Building (481,000 sq ft)—Formerly the Associated Press Building
• 1230 Avenue of the Americas: Simon & Schuster Building (706,000 sq ft)—Formerly U.S. Rubber/Uniroyal
• 1260 Avenue of the Americas: Radio City Music Hall
• 1270 Avenue of the Americas (528,000 sq ft)—Originally the RKO Building, later the American Metal Climax (AMAX) Building
• 600 Fifth Avenue (409,000 sq ft)—Formerly the Sinclair Oil Building
• 610 Fifth Avenue: La Maison Francaise (130,000 sq ft)
• 620 Fifth Avenue: British Empire Building (130,600 sq ft)
• 626 Fifth Avenue: Palazzo d'Italia (120,000 sq ft)
• 630 Fifth Avenue: International Building (1.2 million square ft)
• 636 Fifth Avenue: International Building North (120,000 sq ft)

The above buildings, which are east of Sixth Avenue, are managed by Tishman-Speyer, which co-owns Rockefeller Center. The building to the west of Sixth Avenue are managed and/or co-owned by the Japanese-owned Rockefeller Group: Time-Life is a book, music, and video marketer, that since 2003 has been combined with catalog reseller Lillian Vernon as a subsidiary of Direct Holdings Worldwide, and is no longer owned by its former parent Time Warner. ... General Dynamics Corporation (NYSE: GD) is a defense conglomerate formed by mergers and divestitures, and as of 2006 it is the sixth largest defense contractor in the world[2]. The company has changed markedly in the post-Cold War era of defense consolidation. ... This article is about the defunct U.S. air carrier Eastern Air Lines. ... For other uses, see Today. ... GE Building at Rockefeller Center The GE Building at night Close-up against the night sky At night, from the ground View from Top of the Rock at dusk The GE Building is a slim gothic skyscraper and the focal point at the Rockefeller Center. ... Bank of America (NYSE: BAC TYO: 8648) is the largest commercial bank in the United States in terms of deposits, and the largest company of its kind in the world. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Jean-François Millet Le Semeur (The Sower) Simon & Schuster logo, circa 1961. ... Radio City Music Hall at Christmas 2005 Radio City Music Hall is an entertainment venue located in New York Citys Rockefeller Center. ... RKO redirects here. ...

• 1271 Avenue of the Americas (Time-Life Building)
• 1251 Avenue of the Americas (Originally the Standard Oil [NJ] Building, later Exxon Building)
• 1221 Avenue of the Americas (McGraw-Hill Building)
• 1211 Avenue of the Americas (Originally the Celanese Building, sometimes know as the News Corp. Building)
• 740 Seventh Avenue (Lehman Brothers Building): Building owned by Lehman Brothers, the land by the Rockefeller Group.
• 1251 & 1211 are independently owned and are only managed by the Rockefeller Group.

Former buildings

• Center Theater (formerly the RKO Roxy Theater; demolished)
• 75 Rockefeller Plaza (originally the Esso Building, later the Time Warner Building)
• AXA Building (formerly the Sperry Rand Building), 1290 Avenue of Americas
• New York Hilton
• For a short time in the late 1950's, the Center also owned the original Roxy Theater. This was done to obtain the air-right to build the Time & Life Building. Once the building went up, the theater was sold and replaced by an office building. This building, while not part of the Center, is now connected to the Time & Life Building through various stairway & doors.

Not to be confused with Sun Life Financial. ... Sperry Corporation was a major American equipment and electronics company whose existence spanned more than seven decades of the twentieth century. ... Entrance of the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California Beverly Hilton Hotel viewed from Wilshire Boulvard Hilton is a brand of the Hilton Hotels Corporation, based in Beverly Hills, California. ...

The underground Concourse

Shopping in the Concourse

One of the little known but fascinating parts of Rockefeller Center is the underground Concourse. This interconnected series of pedestrian passages stretches from 47th Street to 51st Street, and from 5th Avenue to 7th Avenue. Around the skating rink, access is usually through stairways from the lobbies in the cluster of six landmark buildings. Access can also be gained through the restaurants at the skating rink, via the elevators to the north and south of the rink. The rink itself is on the concourse level.

The longest straight section of concourse is under the sidewalk on the west side of Avenue of the Americas. Here the pedestrian can descend using stairways inside and in front of the Time & Life Building, 1251 Avenue of the Americas, the McGraw Hill Building and 1211 Avenue of the Americas. The corridor east of the avenue to 1290 Avenue of Americas was closed in the late 1970s. Sixth Avenue looking south from 18th Street Sixth Avenue is a major avenue in New York Citys borough of Manhattan. ...

The concourse, New York's largest underground city, contains retail shops, fast food and fine dining. The most interesting areas are the horseshoe corridor around the skating rink, and the two parallel shopping corridors just West from there, under 30 Rockefeller Plaza. In bad weather these corridors offer a convenient way to move between the Rockefeller buildings. There is also access to the B, D, F and V subway lines along 6th Avenue, and the N, R and W station at 7th Avenue and 49th Street (reached by following a winding corridor under the fountain pool, 1251 Avenue of the Americas, and 745 Seventh Avenue). The southern end of the concourse opens into the public area of the 6th Avenue subway station at 47th street.
Part of Montreals underground city, a concourse in Bonaventure metro station, showing directional signs leading to buildings accessible through the underground city An underground city is a network of tunnels that connect buildings, usually in the downtown area of a city. ...

Flags

The Flags on Memorial Day weekend

At street level, the plaza has about 200 flagpoles. At varying intervals, the flags of United Nations member countries, the flags of United States states and territories, or various decorative and seasonal flags are flown; during U.S. holidays, every flagpole carries the Flag of the United States. Memorial Day is a United States federal holiday that is observed on the last Monday of May (observed this year on 2007-05-28). ... UN and U.N. redirect here. ... A map of UN member states and their dependent territories as recognized by the UN. Regions excluded: Antarctica (regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System), Vatican City (the Holy See is a UN observer), the Palestinian territories (Palestine, represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization, is a UN observer), and Western Sahara... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... United States territory is any extent of region under the jurisdiction of the federal government of the United States,[1] including all waters[2] (around islands or continental tracts). ... Union Jack. ...

Small parks

Two small parks are also part of western Rockefeller Center. Garden Park is located mid-block between 50th Street and 49th Street, behind 1251 Avenue of the Americas. McGraw-Hill Park is located mid-block between 49th and 48th Streets, behind the McGraw Hill building. They form the northern end of a string of mid-block parks that continue further downtown beyond Rockefeller Center. A not-to-be-missed sight is the walk-through fountain in McGraw-Hill park, which flows down a wall mid-park and is pierced by a circular pedestrian pass-through.

Gallery

View of New York City from the Rooftop of Rockefeller Center

Lower Plaza of Rockefeller Center in March 2006. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (4889x1111, 1813 KB) Panoramic image looking south from the upper deck of the Top of the Rock observation deck on Rockefeller Center. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 857 KB) Other versions - File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Rockefeller Center Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner...	The GE Building at night Download high resolution version (1200x1600, 757 KB)Photographed by user:Geographer with time stamp removal by user:Jleon. ...	View north from 30 Rock's Top of the Rock. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1536, 813 KB) Summary View from 30 Rockefeller Plazas Top of the Rock observation deck, looking north over Central Park. ...	Christmas at Rockefeller Center Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 550 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1139 × 1242 pixel, file size: 890 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Christmas tree at Rockafeller Plaza, New York, 2006. ... For other uses, see Christmas (disambiguation). ...
Prometheus at Rockefeller Center Prometheus Brings Fire to Mankind, by Heinrich Füger, (1817). ...	Statue of Atlas Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Atlas An atlas is a collection of maps or manifolds, traditionally bound into book form, but also found in multimedia formats. ...

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Rockefeller Center

• Architecture in New York City
• 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center (IND Sixth Avenue Line)

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005. ... 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center is an express station with an unusual track arrangement. ...

Notes and references

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... MiB redirects here. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... MiB redirects here. ...

Further reading

• Balfour, Alan. Rockefeller Center: Architecture as Theater, New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1978.
• Deal, Martha. "Who Posed for the Statue of Prometheus" (Ray Van Cleef and Leon Nole). Iron Game History. Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 34–35.
• Harr, John Ensor, and Peter J. Johnson. The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1988.
• Karp, Walter. The Center: A History and Guide to Rockefeller Center, New York: American Heritage Publishing Company, Inc., 1982.
• Krinsky, Carol Herselle. Rockefeller Center, New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.
• Loth, David G. The City Within a City: The Romance of Rockefeller Center, New York: Morrow, 1966.
• Okrent, Daniel. Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center, New York: Viking Press, 2003.
• Reich, Cary. The Life of Nelson A. Rockefeller: Worlds to Conquer 1908–1958, New York: Doubleday, 1996.
• Roussel, Christine. The Art of Rockefeller Center, New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2006.

External links

• Guide to Rockefeller Center
• Top Of The Rock Photo Gallery
• The Rockefeller Group
• Rockefeller Center Webcam
• How to Ruin a Safe Bet; Did Rockefeller Center Financiers Reach Too Far? A 1995 New York Times TimesSelect article analyzing the REIT and the sale of Rockefeller Center.
• Ralph Hancock Landscape Gardner
• Rockefeller Group Business Centers Rockefeller Group Business Centers is a provider of furnished serviced office space on a long or short term basis.
• Pictures of Rockefeller Center and Top of the Rock
• Rockefeller Center on Google Street View

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