It has been suggested that Chapati be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)

Phulka

Preparation of Roti with sorghum flour.

Roti (Hindi: रोटी ; Punjabi: ਰੋਟੀ ; Urdu: روٹی ; Gujarati: રોટલી ; IPA: [ro:ʈi]) is the Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Pashto, Indonesian, Malay, Bengali word for bread. Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... An Indian girl baking chapatis. ... Roti is a common South Asian word for bread. ... Satellite photo of Roti Rote Island (Bahasa Indonesia: Pulau Rote, also spelled Roti) is an island of Indonesia, part of the East Nusa Tenggara province of the Lesser Sunda Islands. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1279x1168, 64 KB) Summary w:Roti Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Roti Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1279x1168, 64 KB) Summary w:Roti Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Roti Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 1361 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Roti User:Deeptrivia/Album Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 1361 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Roti User:Deeptrivia/Album Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Species About 30 species, see text Sorghum is a genus of numerous species of grasses, some of which are raised for grain and many of which are utilised as fodder plants either cultivated or as part of pasture. ... Hindi ( , Devanagari: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is the official language of the Union alongwith English. ... Punjabi (also Panjabi; in GurmukhÄ«, PanjābÄ« in ShāhmukhÄ«) is the language of the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. ... (, historically spelled Ordu), is an Middle Eastern-Aryan language. ... is an Indo-Aryan language, part of the greater Indo-European language family. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Hindi ( , Devanagari: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is the official language of the Union alongwith English. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... Punjabi (also Panjabi; in GurmukhÄ«, PanjābÄ« in ShāhmukhÄ«) is the language of the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. ... Pashto (پښتو; also known as Afghan, Pushto, Pashto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, and Pukhto) is the language spoken by the ethnic Afghan otherwise known as the Pashtun people who inhabit Afghanistan and the Western provinces of Pakistan. ... The Malay language (Malay: Bahasa Melayu; Jawi script: بهاس ملايو), is an Austronesian language spoken by the Malay people who reside in the Malay Peninsula, southern Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, central eastern Sumatra, the Riau islands, parts of the coast of Borneo and even in the Netherlands[1]. It is an official... Bengali or Bangla (বাংলা, IPA: ) is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from Prakrit, Pāli and Sanskrit. ... Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ...

Names

Generically, the word roti may refer to many different kinds of Indian bread, such as chapati and phulka, each with its specific name. In Kannada and Tamil, roti is pronounced Rotti. In Marathi, roti is often called Chapati or Poli(पोळी). In Gujarati it is rotli. In Punjabi, a light, easily eaten roti is called Phulka. Roti is usually used to refer to the round flat unleavened breads eaten throughout India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, in contrast to the yeasted naan breads originating primarily in the north-west of the South Asia and Central Asia. Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... An Indian girl baking chapatis. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ... Tamil ( ; IPA ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamils in India and Sri Lanka, with smaller communities of speakers in many other countries. ... Marathi is one of the widely spoken languages of India, and has a long literary history. ... is an Indo-Aryan language, part of the greater Indo-European language family. ... “Punjabi” redirects here. ... A leavening agent (sometimes called just leavening or leaven) is a substance used in doughs and batters that causes a foaming action. ... Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... A bakery near Kabul, Afghanistan Naan (Hindi: नान, Urdu: نان, IPA: [næn] or [nan]) is a round flatbread made of wheat flour. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ...

Outside South Asia

Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand

In Indonesia and Malaysia the term encompasses all forms of bread including western-style bread as well as the traditional punjabi breads. Roti is made most often from wheat flour, cooked on a flat or slightly concave iron griddle called a tawa. Like breads around the world, roti is a staple accompaniment to other foods, maybe spread with ghee (clarified butter) or yoghurt, used as a scoop, or rolled up with a filling. Punjab, 1903 Punjab Province, 1909 Punjab (Persian: ‎, meaning Land of the five Rivers) (c. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... For other uses, see Flour (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Ghee in a jar Wikibooks Cookbook has an article on Ghee Ghee (Hindi घी from Sanskrit ghá¹›ta घृत sprinkled ) is a type of clarified butter important in Indian cuisine. ... Yoghurt or yogurt, less commonly yoghourt or yogourt (see spelling below), is a dairy product produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. ...

In Thailand, "roti" refers to the maida paratha—known in Malaysia as roti canai and in Singapore as roti prata—which is typically drizzled with condensed milk, rolled up, and eaten as a hot snack. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Battle of Maida. ... Aloo (potato) paratha Parathas being made and served hot, Parathe Wali Gali in Delhi, Dec 2006. ... Roti canai is cooked on a flat iron skillet with a lot of oil. ... Roti prata (or Roti canai in Malaysia), in its traditional and simpliest form, is predominantly served with curry in Singapore, with sugar less commonly served, and condensed milk are relative rarity. ... Can of Black & White condensed milk for international trade Condensed milk is cows milk from which water has been removed and to which sugar has been added, yielding a very thick, sweet product that can last for years without refrigeration. ...

West Indies

Roti also features prominently in the diet of many West Indian countries, especially Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Suriname. West Indian roti are primarily made from wheat flour, salt, and water. They are cooked on a tava. Certain rotis are also made with butter. There are several types of roti made in the West Indies: The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... For other uses, see Salt (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... Butter is commonly sold in sticks (pictured) or blocks, and frequently served with the use of a butter knife. ...

• Sada Roti: Similar to naan. It is cooked on a tava, therefore the bottom is not crisp like that of a naan. Because it is the easiest one to make, it is the most commonly consumed roti in Trinidad. It is a popular breakfast option in Trinidad, in combination with tomato choka, baigan choka (eggplant), and other vegetable dishes.

• Paratha Roti: A roti made with butter, usually ghee. It is cooked on a tava. Oil is rubbed on both sides, then it is fried. This gives the roti a crisp outside. When it almost finished cooking, the cook begins to beat the roti while it is on the tava, causing it to crumble. It is also called 'Buss-Up-Shut' in Trinidad because it resembles a 'burst up shirt'.

• Dosti Roti: A roti where two layers are rolled out together and cooked on the tava. It is also rubbed with oil while cooking. It is called dosti roti because the word dosti means friendship in Hindi. This type of roti is not made in Guyana.

• Dalpuri: A roti with a stuffing of ground yellow split peas, cumin (geera), garlic, and pepper. The split peas are boiled until they are al dente and then ground in a mill. The cumin is toasted until black and also ground. The stuffing is pushed into the roti dough, and sealed. When rolled flat, the filling is distributed within the roti. It is cooked on the tava and rubbed with oil for ease of cooking. This is the most popular roti. Another version of this is aloopuri, which is made from potatoes.

• Bake: Another item prepared like roti is bake or bakes. Dough is rolled out and cut into shapes or rolled into small rounds. These can be baked in an oven, but they are usually fried in oil. They are sometimes called frybake. Bake are usually paired with a fryup for breakfast or dinner, or with stewed saltfish.

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... Binomial name L. The eggplant, aubergine or brinjal (Solanum melongena) is a solanaceous plant bearing a fruit of the same name, commonly used as a vegetable in cooking. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... Look up Trinidad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... Hindi ( , Devanagari: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is the official language of the Union alongwith English. ... Split peas are a split form of certain peas which are commonly used to make pea soup. ... Binomial name L. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) (sometimes misspelled cummin) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native from the east Mediterranean to East India. ... Binomial name Allium sativum L. Allium sativum L., commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion family Alliaceae. ... Binomial name Piper nigrum L. Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. ... In cooking, the adjective al dente (pronounced al DEN-tay) describes pasta and (less commonly) rice that have been cooked to be edible but still firm, or vegetables that are cooked to the tender crisp phase - still offering resistance to the bite, but cooked through. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... Binomial name Solanum tuberosum L. The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a perennial plant of the Solanaceae, or nightshade, family, commonly grown for its starchy tuber. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... In cooking, stewing means preparing meat cut into smaller pieces or cubes by simmering it in liquid, usually together with vegetables. ...

Guyana

Very similar to Trinidadian style, with some differences.

• Sometimes a small amount of fat is placed in each piece of dough before it is rolled out to make the roti softer. Vegetable oil, butter, or margarine is used. Ghee is never used in everyday Guyanese cooking, but only for cooking on religious occasions. The Roti is clapped by hand or beaten a bit, hot off the tava, so it softens but does not break. A good roti in Guyana is one that is very soft, with layers (almost like pastry layers if possible), which remains whole.

• Among the Indo-Guyanese, a rolled out dough that is deep fried in ghee is called a puri, and is only made for religious gatherings. Dalpuri is the only puri that is eaten regularly.

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with vegetable oil. ... Margarine in a tub Margarine (pronunciation: ), as a generic term, can indicate any of a wide range of butter-substitutes. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawa. ... Pastry is the name given to various kinds of dough made from ingredients such as flour, butter, shortening, baking powder or eggs. ... A puri or poori is an South Asian unleavened bread made from a dough of atta (whole grain durum wheat flour), water and salt by rolling it out into discs of approximately 12 cm diameter and deep frying it in ghee or vegetable oil. ...

Other dishes

The word 'roti' in the West Indies may also refer to a dish of stewed or curried ingredients wrapped in a 'roti skin'. In Trinidad and Tobago various rotis are served. Popular variations include chicken, conch, beef and vegetable. Shrimp and goat are also often available. In Toronto, Canada, roti often refers to this meal. The term is also used in cities surrounding Toronto, thanks to that city's large West Indian population. Similarly, the term can be found in local usage in Montreal. Pilau rice, cucumber rhaita and Chicken Tikka Jalfrezi. ... Species Strombus gigas Strombus luhuanus Strombus pugilis A conch (pronounced konch or konk(IPA: ) [1] is a sea-dwelling mollusk, and more specifically, a marine gastropod. ... Motto: Diversity Our Strength Map of Ontario Counties, Toronto being red Area: 641 sq. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (in unity, prosperity) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Quebec Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - City 365. ...

While common variations may include chicken, beef, or cabbage and carrot, one of the more authentic alternatives (goat) is known as Groti.

See also

• Chapati
• Puri
• Naan
• Paratha
• Kulcha
• Bhatura
• Luchi
• Roti canai
• Roti (film)
• Kottu Roti

An Indian girl baking chapatis. ... A puri or poori is an South Asian unleavened bread made from a dough of atta (whole grain durum wheat flour), water and salt by rolling it out into discs of approximately 12 cm diameter and deep frying it in ghee or vegetable oil. ... A bakery near Kabul, Afghanistan Naan (Hindi: नान, Urdu: نان, IPA: [næn] or [nan]) is a round flatbread made of wheat flour. ... Aloo (potato) paratha Parathas being made and served hot, Parathe Wali Gali in Delhi, Dec 2006. ... Kulcha is a north India bread, usually eaten with Cholay. ... Bhatoora (also spelled bhatura, etc) is a soft and fluffy Indian fried bread, and is often eaten with a chickpea curry, choley, making the classic Punjabi dish chola bhatoora. ... Luchi (Bengali: ) is a type deep-fried flatbread made of wheat flour that is typical of Bengali cuisine. ... Roti canai is cooked on a flat iron skillet with a lot of oil. ... Roti is a 1974 Indian Hindi film directed by Manmohan Singh. ... Kottu, or Kottu Roti is a Sri Lankan dish, made from a Sri Lankan pancake called Godhamba Roti and Vegetables, Egg, and/or Meat, and various spices. ...

References