Sebastian
Martyr
Born	unknown,
Died	January 20, 287 (martyred)
Venerated in	Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox Church
Feast	January 20 (Catholic), December 18 (Eastern Orthodox)
Attributes	arrows
Patronage	Soldiers, plagues, arrows, athletes; (unofficial): youth
Saints Portal

Saint Sebastian (traditionally died January 20,^[1] 287) was a Christian saint and martyr, who is said to have been killed while the Roman emperor Diocletian engaged in the persecution of Christians in the 3rd century. He is commonly depicted in art and literature tied to a post and shot with arrows. Download high resolution version (680x950, 133 KB)St. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Diocletian and Maximian become Roman Consuls Births Deaths Categories: 287 ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The... Catholic Church redirects here. ... The term Oriental Orthodoxy refers to the churches of Eastern Christian traditions that keeps the faith of only the first three ecumenical councils of the undivided Church - the councils of Nicea, Constantinople and Ephesus. ... The calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organising a liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more saints, and referring to the day as that saints day. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Saint symbology was important to people who couldnt read because they can figure out what symbols mean. ... Saint Quentin is the patron saint of locksmiths and is also invoked against coughs and sneezes. ... A Norwegian soldier (a Corporal, armed with an MP-5) A soldier is a person who has enlisted with, or has been conscripted into, the armed forces of a sovereign country and has undergone training and received equipment to defend that country or its interests. ... Arrows Grand Prix International was a Formula One team active from 1977 to 2002. ... Athletics, also known as track and field or track and field athletics, is a collection of sport events. ... For other uses, see Youth (disambiguation) Youth is defined by Websters New World Dictionary as, The time of life when one is young; especially: a: the period between childhood and maturity b: the early period of existence, growth, or development. ... Image File history File links Gloriole. ... Sebastian may refer to: // Saint Sebastian Sebastianus, the Roman usurper Sébastien Bourdais, Champ Car driver. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... For other uses, see Saint (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Martyr (disambiguation). ... Ordinary Magistrates Extraordinary Magistrates Titles and Honors Emperor Politics and Law This article discusses the nature of the imperial dignity, and its dynastic development throughout the history of the Empire. ... Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ... Spanish Leftists during the Red Terror Shoot at a statue of Christ The persecution of Christians is religious persecution that Christians sometimes undergo as a consequence of professing their faith, both historically and in the current era. ... // Overview Events 212: Constitutio Antoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men 212-216: Baths of Caracalla 230-232: Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east 235-284: Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire 250-538: Kofun era, the first...

Life

Reliquary of St Sebastian around 1497^[2] Victoria and Albert Museum, London

The details of Sebastian's martyrdom were first elaborated by Ambrose of Milan (died 397), in his sermon (number XX) on the 118th Psalm. Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, states that Sebastian came from Milan and that he was already venerated there in the fourth century. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Saint Ambrose, Latin Sanctus Ambrosius, Italian SantAmbrogio (circa 340 - April 4, 397), bishop of Milan, was one of the most eminent fathers of the Christian church in the 4th century. ...

According to Sebastian's fifth-century Acta,^[3] still attributed to Ambrose by the seventeenth-century hagiographer Jean Bolland, and the briefer account in Legenda Aurea which is followed here, he was a man of Gallia Narbonensis who was taught in Milan and appointed as a captain of the Praetorian Guard under Diocletian and Maximian, who were unaware that he was a Christian. Look up Acta in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Hagiography is the study of saints. ... Jean Bolland (Latin Johannes Bollandus) (August 18th 1596, Tirlemont, Duchy of Brabant - September 12th 1665, Antwerp was a Flemish Jesuit and hagiographer. ... The story of St George and the dragon is one of many stories of the saints preserved in the Golden Legend. ... Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis, 120 AD Gallia Narbonensis was a Roman province located in what is now Languedoc and Provence, in southern France. ... Type Anti-tank Nationality Joint France/Germany Era Cold War, modern Launch platform Individual, Vehicle Target Vehicle, Fortification History Builder MBDA, Bharat Dynamics (under license) Date of design 70s Production period since 1972 Service duration since 1972 Operators 41 countries Variants MILAN 1, MILAN 2, MILAN 2T, MILAN 3, MILAN... The Praetorian Guard of Augustus - 1st century. ... Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ... Maximian Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius (c. ...

Sebastian was reportedly known for having encouraged in their faith two Christian prisoners due for martyrdom, Mark and Marcellian, who were bewailed and entreated by their family to forswear Christ and offer token sacrifice. His aura cured a woman of her muteness, and the miracle instantly converted seventy-eight people. Saints Mark and Marcellian (Marcus and Marcellianus) are venerated as saints. ...

According to tradition, Mark and Marcellian were twin brothers and deacons. They were both married, and from a distinguished family. They both lived in Rome with their wives and children. The brothers refused to sacrifice to the Roman gods and were arrested. They were visited by their father and mother, Tranquillinus and Martia, in prison, who attempted to persuade them to renounce Christianity. For other uses, see Twin (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Deacon (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is...

Sebastian ended up converting Tranquillinus and Martia, the parents of Mark and Marcellian, as well as Saint Tiburtius, the son of Chromatius, the local prefect. Nicostratus, another official, and his wife Zoe were also converted. According to the legend, Zoe, the wife of Nicostratus, had been been a mute for 6 years. However, she made known to Sebastian her desire to be converted to Christianity. As soon as she had, her speech returned to her. Nicostratus then brought the rest of the prisoners; these were 16 people who were also converted by Sebastian.^[4] Catacomb of Saints Marcellinus and Peter on the Via Labicana. ...

Chromatius and Tiburtius became converts, and Chromatius set all of his prisoners free, resigned his position, and retired to the country in Campania. Mark and Marcellian, after being concealed by a Christian named Castulus, were later martyred, as were Nicostratus and Zoe, and Tiburtius. Saint Castulus (d. ...

Martyrdom

Diocletian reproached Sebastian for his supposed betrayal, and "he commanded him to be led to the field and there to be bounden to a stake for to be shot at. And the archers shot at him till he was as full of arrows as an urchin is full of pricks."^[5] and thus left him there for dead. Miraculously, the arrows did not kill him. The widow of St. Castulus, St. Irene of Rome, went to retrieve his body to bury it, and found he was still alive. She brought him back to her house and nursed him back to health. The other residents of the house doubted he was a Christian. One of those people was a girl who was deaf and blind. Sebastian asked her "Do you wish to be with God?" he then made the sign of the Cross on her head and she then said "Yes", regaining at the same time her sight. Sebastian then stood on a step and harangued Diocletian as he passed by; the emperor had him beaten to death and his body thrown in a privy. But in an apparition Sebastian told a Christian widow where they might find his body undefiled and bury it "at the catacombs by the apostles." Genera Atelerix Erinaceus Hemiechinus Mesechinus Paraechinus A hedgehog is any of the small spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae and the order Erinaceomorpha. ... Saint Castulus (d. ... Saint Castulus (d. ...

Of the miraculous effect of the example of Sebastian, Legenda Aurea reports

"And Saint Gregory telleth in the first book of his Dialogues that a woman of Tuscany which was new wedded was prayed for to go with other women to the dedication of the church of Sebastian, and the night tofore she was so moved in her flesh that she might not abstain from her husband, and on the morn, she having greater shame of men than of God, went thither, and anon as she was entered into the oratory where the relics of Saint Sebastian were, the fiend took her and tormented her before all the people."

Sebastian was accounted a defense against the plague. Legenda Aurea transmits the episode of a great plague that afflicted the Lombards in the time of King "Gumburt" and was stopped by the erection of an altar to Saint Sebastian in the church of Saint Peter, Pavia. Saint Gregory I, or Gregory the Great (called the Dialogist in Eastern Orthodoxy) (circa 540 - March 12, 604) was pope of the Catholic Church from September 3, 590 until his death. ... The Lombards (Latin Langobardi, whence comes the alternative name Longobards found in older English texts), were a Germanic people originally from Northern Europe that entered the late Roman Empire. ...

Location of Remains

The remains asserted to be those of St. Sebastian are currently housed in Rome in a basilica that was built by Pope Damasus I in 367 (Basilica Apostolorum), on the site of the provisional tomb of St. Peter and St. Paul. The church, today called San Sebastiano fuori le mura, was rebuilt in the 1610s, under the patronage of Scipio Borghe. Pope Damasus I ( 305-383) was Pope from 366. ... According to tradition, Peter was crucified upside-down, as shown in this painting by Caravaggio. ... St. ... San Sebastiano fuori le mura, facade. ... Cardinal Scipione Borghese (1576-1633) was an Italian Renaissance art collector and member of the noble Borghese family. ...

Depictions in art and literature

'The Martyrdom of St. Sebastian, by Andrea Mantegna.

The earliest representation of St Sebastian is a mosaic in the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo (Ravenna, Italy) dated between 527 and 565. The right lateral wall of the basilica contains large mosaics representing a procession of 26 Martyrs, led by Saint Martin and including Saint Sebastian. The Martyrs are represented in Byzantine style, lacking any individuality, and have all identical expressions. St Sebastian, by Mantegna (detail) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... St Sebastian, by Mantegna (detail) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... The Agony in the Garden (1455) is the pinnacle of Mantegnas early style. ... SantApollinare Nuovo: The 38. ...

Another early representation is in a mosaic in the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli (Rome, Italy), which probably belongs to the year 682, shows a grown, bearded man in court dress but contains no trace of an arrow"^[6] Façade of the Basilica. ...

As protector of potential plague victims and soldiers, Sebastian naturally occupied a very important place in the popular medieval mind, and hence was among the most frequently depicted of all saints by Late Gothic and Renaissance artists. The opportunity to show a semi-nude male, often in a contorted pose, also made Sebastian a favourite subject. His shooting with arrows was the subject of the largest engraving by the Master of the Playing Cards in the 1430s, when there were few other current subjects with male nudes other than Christ. Sebastian appears in many other prints and paintings, although this was also due to his popularity with the faithful. Among many others, Sandro Botticelli, Andrea Mantegna, and Perugino all painted Saint Sebastians, and later El Greco, Gerrit van Honthorst and Gian Lorenzo Bernini. ^[7] Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. ... The 3 of Birds from the playing cards, a single-plate card The Master of the Playing Cards was the first major master in the history of printmaking. ... The term Old Master Print is used to describe works of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition (European or New World). ... Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi, better known as Sandro Botticelli (little barrel) (March 1, 1445 – May 17, 1510) was an Italian painter of the Florentine school during the Early Renaissance (Quattrocento). ... The Agony in the Garden (1455) is the pinnacle of Mantegnas early style. ... Self-portrait, 1497–1500. ... El Greco (The Greek, 1541 – April 7, 1614) was a painter, sculptor, and architect of the Spanish Renaissance. ... Gerard van Honthorst (1590 - 1656), also known as Gherardo della Notte, was a Dutch painter of Utrecht. ... Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini (Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini; December 7, 1598 – November 28, 1680) was a pre-eminent Baroque sculptor and architect of 17th century Rome. ...

The saint is ordinarily depicted as a handsome youth pierced by arrows. There were predella scenes, when required, often of his arrest, confrontation with the Emperor, and final beheading. The illustration in the infobox is the Saint Sebastian of Il Sodoma, at the Pitti Palace, Florence. A predella is the platform or step on which an altar stands. ... (1525) Oil on canvas, 206 x 154 cm Galleria Palatina, Florence Il Sodoma (1477 - February 14, 1549?) was the name given to the Italian Mannerist painter Giovanni Antonio Bazzi (also wrongly spelled Razzi). ... Early, tinted 20th-century photograph of the Palazzo Pitti, then still known as La Residenza Reale following the residency of King Emmanuel II between 1865–71, when Florence was the capital of Italy. ...

St Sebastian tended by Saint Irene, Georges de La Tour c 1645

A mainly seventeenth-century subject was St Sebastian tended by St Irene, painted by Georges de La Tour, Jusepe de Ribera, Hendrick ter Brugghen and others. This may have been a deliberate attempt by the Church to get away from the single nude subject. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2024x2601, 282 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Georges de La Tour ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2024x2601, 282 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Georges de La Tour ... Saint Irene (Holy Peace) was the sister of Saint Agape (Holy Love) and Saint Chionia (Snow-White), three young girls of Thessalonica. ... St Joseph, 1642, Louvre Georges de La Tour (March 13, 1593–1652) was a painter from the Duchy of Lorraine, now in France. ... St Joseph, 1642, Louvre Georges de La Tour (March 13, 1593–1652) was a painter from the Duchy of Lorraine, now in France. ... Giuseppe Ribera (January 12, 1591 - 1652) was the name given in Italian to Jusepe (de) Ribera or José (de) Ribera, also called Lo Spagnoletto, or the Little Spaniard, a leading painter of the Neapolitan or partly of the Spanish school, who was born near Valencia, Spain at Xátiva, now... Hendrick ter Brugghen, Flute Player (1621) Hendrick Jansz ter Brugghen, or Terbrugghen, (c. ...

There exist several cycles depicting the life of Saint Sebastian. Among them, the frescos in the "Basilica di San Sebastiano" of Acireale (Italy) with paintings by Pietro Paolo Vasta.

In his novella Death in Venice, Thomas Mann hails the "Sebastian-Figure" as the supreme emblem of Apollonian beauty, that is, the artistry of differentiated forms, beauty as measured by discipline, proportion, and luminous distinctions. This allusion to Saint Sebastian's suffering, associated with the writerly professionalism of the novella's protagonist, Gustav Aschenbach, provides a model for the "heroism born of weakness", which characterizes poise amidst agonizing torment and plain acceptance of one's fate as, beyond mere patience and passivity, a stylized achievement and artistic triumph. The novella Death in Venice was written by the German author Thomas Mann, and was first published in 1912 as Der Tod in Venedig. ... For other persons named Thomas Mann, see Thomas Mann (disambiguation). ... The Apollonian and Dionysian is a philosophical and literary concept, or dichotomy, based on certain features of ancient Greek mythology. ...

Egon Schiele, an Austrian Expressionist artist, painted a self-portrait as Saint Sebastian in 1915. Photograph by Anton Josef Trčka Egon Schiele (June 12, 1890 – October 31, 1918) (pronounced approximately SHEE-luh) was an Austrian painter, a protege of Gustav Klimt, and a major figurative painter of the early 20th century. ...

During Salvador Dalí's "Lorca (Frederico Garcia Lorca) Period", he painted Sebastian several times, most notably in his "Neo-Cubist Academy". For reasons unknown, the left vein of Sebastian is always exposed. Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, 1st Marquis of Púbol (May 11, 1904 – January 23, 1989), was a Spanish surrealist painter of Catalan descent born in Figueres, Catalonia (Spain). ... Federico García Lorca Federico García Lorca (June 5, 1898 - August 19, 1936) was a Spanish poet and dramatist, also remembered as a painter, pianist, and composer. ...

George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four makes a reference to Saint Sebastian when the protagonist, Winston, fantasises about tying another character, Julia, to a stake naked and shooting her "full of arrows like Saint Sebastian". Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 [1] [2] – 21 January 1950), better known by the pen name George Orwell, was an English author and journalist. ... This article is about the Orwell novel. ...

In the novel Fabiola by Nicholas Wiseman, Sebastian is portrayed both in his glory days as a well-loved centurion and commander, and also in his days of martyrdom. He appears as a friend of the main character, the Roman lady Fabiola, and her father. This article is about the novel Fabiola. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Patronage

Main article: Military saint

As a protector from the plague, Sebastian is sometimes counted as one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. The connection of the martyr shot with arrows with the plague is not an intuitive one. In Greco-Roman myth, Apollo, the archer-god is the deliverer of pestilence; the figure of Sebastian Christianizes this familiar literary trope. The chronicler Paul the Deacon relates that Rome was freed from a raging pestilence in 680, by the patronage of this saint. Saint Gereon, by a 15th-century German artist The military saints of the Early Christian Church, enjoyed a vogue parallel to the virgin martyrs. ... The bubonic plague or bubonic fever is the best-known variant of the deadly infectious disease caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis (Pasteurella pestis). ... Fourteen Holy Helpers The Fourteen Holy Helpers are a group of saints venerated together in Roman Catholicism because prayer to them was thought to be particularly effective, especially against various diseases. ... For other uses, see Apollo (disambiguation). ... St Francis Xavier converting the Paravas: a 19th-century image of the docile heathen The historical phenomenon of Christianization, the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire peoples at once, also includes the practice of converting pagan practices, pagan religious imagery, pagan sites and the pagan calendar... Paul the Deacon (c. ...

Sebastian, like Saint George, was one of a class of military martyrs and soldier saints of the Early Christian Church, whose cults originated in the 4th century and culminated at the end of the Middle Ages, in the 14th and 15th centuries, both in the East and the West. Details of their martyrologies may provoke some skepticism among modern readers, but certain consistent patterns emerge that are revealing of Christian attitudes. Such a saint was an athleta Christi, an "athlete of Christ", and a "Guardian of the heavens" Saint-George is a municipality with 695 inhabitants (as of 2003) in the district of Aubonne in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. ... In traditional usage, the cult of a religion, quite apart from its sacred writings (scriptures), its theology or myths, or the personal faith of its believers, is the totality of external religious practice and observance, the neglect of which is the definition of impiety. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... A martyrology is a catalogue or list of martyrs, or, more exactly, of saints, arranged in the order of their anniversaries. ... Athleta Christi (Latin: Champion of Christ) is a title granted by the pope to men who have led military campaigns to defend Christianity. ...

Saint Sebastian is the protector saint of the cities of Qormi (Malta), while is the patron saint of Caserta (Italy). Saint Sebastian is also the patron saint of the cities of Palma de Mallorca and San Sebastián (Spain), where on January 20--a public holiday--there are street festivities and celebrations. Statue of The Last Supper, used during the Good Friday procession in Qormi. ... Caserta, near Naples was certainly the largest palace and probably the largest building erected in Europe in the 18th century. ... Location Location of Donostia-San Sebastian in Spain Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Donostia-San Sebastián (Basque and Spanish) Spanish name San Sebastián Nickname La bella Easo[1] Founded 1180 Postal code 200XX Area code 34 (Spain) + 943 (Gipuzkoa... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

He is also the patron of San Sebastian College - Recoletos, Manila, one of the Philippines' foremost institution for higher learning. Beside it, is the sanctuary of the Parish of San Sebastian, which is also the Philippines' National Shrine of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel. San Sebastian College - Recoletos de Manila (SSC-RM) or Colegio de San Sebastian - Recoletos de Manila (CSS-RM), is a Catholic institution of higher learning recognized by the Philippine Government. ... For other meanings of the word, see Manila (disambiguation). ... San Sebastian Church The Basilica Minore de San Sebastian or, more known as San Sebastian Church, is the seat of the Parish of San Sebastian and the National Shrine of Our Lady of Mt. ... San Sebastian Church The Basilica Minore de San Sebastian or, more known as San Sebastian Church, is the seat of the Parish of San Sebastian and the National Shrine of Our Lady of Mt. ...

In the Greek Orthodox Church, the feast day of Sebastian the Martyr is December 18. In the Roman Catholic Church, his feast day, set on January 20, is not mandatory. The Church of Greece (Greek: Ekklēsía tês Helládos, IPA: /eklisia tis elaðos/) is one of the fifteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches which make up the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ... is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Officially, Saint Sebastian is the patron saint of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Informally, in the tradition of the Afro-Brazilian religious syncretism Umbanda, Saint Sebastian is often associated with Ogum, especially in the state of Bahia, in the northeast of the country, while Ogum in the southernmost state of Rio Grande do Sul is more likely to be associated with Saint George. Saint Quentin is the patron saint of locksmiths and is also invoked against coughs and sneezes. ... This article is about the Brazilian city. ... Afro-Brazilian or African Brazilian is the term used to racially categorise Brazilian citizens who are black or part-black, yet it is rarely used in Brazil. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Umbanda is a religion that blends Catholicism, Kardecist Spiritualism, and Afro-Brazilian religions . ... Ogum In Haitian Vodun and Yoruba mythology, Ogoun (or Ogun, Ogum, Ogou) is a loa and orisha, who presides over fire, iron, hunting, politics and war. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 km² Population   - Total   - Density 13 070 250 23. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... Saint-George is a municipality with 695 inhabitants (as of 2003) in the district of Aubonne in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. ...

Saint Sebastian is also regarded as the Patron Saint of soldiers generally, of infantrymen particularly, of athletes generally, of archers particularly and of municipal police officers. Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I Infantry or footmen are very highly disciplined and trained soldiers who fight primarily with small arms(rifles), but are trained to use everything from their bare hands to missle systems in order to neutralize... Archery is the practice of using a bow to shoot arrows. ... A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ...

Saint Sebastian is officially the Patron saint of the city of Chepen, La Libertad, in the north of Peru. On January 20 is the major festivities and celebrations of the city. La Libertad is a department in Peru. ...

Historically, gay men and organizations have considered St. Sebastian to be their patron (in part due to the phallic imagery of the multiple arrows)^{[citation needed]}. The churches who recognize his canonization, however, do not support such claims.

Saint Sebastian in popular culture

Saint Sebastian, by Carlo Saraceni (c1610-15), Castle Museum, Prague

Versions of the iconic image of Sebastian impaled with arrows appear in: Image File history File links Size of this preview: 454 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1189 × 1571 pixel, file size: 693 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) St Sebastian by Carlo Saraceni,c1610-16, Prague Castle Gallery. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 454 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1189 × 1571 pixel, file size: 693 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) St Sebastian by Carlo Saraceni,c1610-16, Prague Castle Gallery. ... Carlo Saraceni (c. ...

• R.E.M.'s "Losing My Religion" music video, which combines the image of the saint with other religious imagery
• Claude Debussy's "Le Martyre De Saint Sébastien", a musical piece inspired by the saint
• Philip Glass includes a short musical piece titled "Saint Sebastian" in his score for the film Mishima, a reference to Mishima Yukio's Confessions of a Mask in which a painting of St. Sebastian by Guido Reni plays a preponderant role in the main character's discovery of his own sexuality.
• On the Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds album Murder Ballads, the song "O'Malley's Bar" includes a brief reference to Saint Sebastian.
• In the 1976 film Carrie, a small statue of Saint Sebastian is present in Carrie White's prayer closet. (It is sometimes mistaken by viewers for a beardless Jesus Christ.) Carrie's mother Margaret later dies in a pose similar to the statue's.
• The chorus of the Patti Smith song "Boy Cried Wolf" references the means of Sebastian's death.
• In the TV series Lost, the hospital in which Jack Shephard and his father, Christian, work is named after the saint.
• In the film V for Vendetta, V has a painting of St. Sebastian in his home, the Shadow Gallery.
• In the film Blown Away, the statue of St. Sebastian symbolically appears throughout the film.
• In the film Suddenly, Last Summer (film), a large painting of St.Sebastial appears on a wall of Sebastian's garden.
• In Season 3 of The Simpsons in the episode "Bart's Friend Falls in Love", after Milhouse and Samantha Stanky are discovered kissing by her over-protective father, Samantha gets transferred from Springfield Elementary School to Saint Sebastian's School for Wicked Girls.
• In Season 16 of The Simpsons in the episode "The Father, The Son and The Holy Guest Star" the saint is mentioned in a comic book "Lives of the Saints" clandestinely read by Bart in a catechism class.
• In the video for the song "Zombie" by The Cranberries, the singer, Dolores O'Riordan, is depicted strapped to a tree, surrounded by children, in a style clearly reminiscent of Sebastian.
• In the Canadian film Lilies, a rehearsal for a church's re-enactment of the scene plays a prominent role in the storyline and iconography.
• A Glasgow-based band is named San Sebastian, and their CD cover and logo pictures Sebastian.[1].
• Followers of Saint Sebastian figure prominently in Loren D. Estleman's "Amos Walker" novel, "Nicotine Kiss". In the private eye novel, they meet at "The Church of the Freshwater Sea".
• The power metal band, Sonata Arctica made a song called San Sebastian. (Equivalent in Spanish)
• The novel "Hotel Transylvania", by Chelsea Quinn Yarbro, features a villain named Saint Sebastien.
• The rock band Instar wrote a song titled "Saint Sebastian" describing a child's reacting to a painting of the saint.
• In the Val Lewton RKO film I Walked with a Zombie a figurehead of St. Sebastian is featured in the garden of the Hollands' residence, and is the name of the fictional island that the movie takes place on. The same island also features in Lewton's The Ghost Ship, and the RKO Carney and Brown film Zombies on Broadway
• In her short story "Everything That Rises Must Converge" Flannery O'Connor tells us that the character Julian "appeared pinned to the door frame, waiting like Saint Sebastian for the arrows to begin piercing him."
• St. Sebastian's Hospital is featured in three episodes of the series House. First season 2 episode 9, "Deception", and again in season 3 episode 10, "Merry Little Christmas".
• Several films have been made about the life of Sebastian, mostly focusing on his iconic execution. Most notable of these are Derek Jarman's Sebastiane (scripted entirely in Latin, and with considerable nudity) and Bavo Defurne's 1996 short film, Saint [2].
• Oscar Wilde, in his last years after being released in 1897 from his prison term on charges of homosexuality, lived in a self-imposed Parisian exile under the assumed name of "Sebastian Melmoth" - the first name derived, in Wilde's own words, from "The famously penetrated Saint Sebastian".
• The television show Millennium has an episode entitled "The Hand of St. Sebastian" (2nd season).

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See also

Discussion of the image of St. Sebastian in the paintings of Mantegna St. ...

Notes

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Saint Sebastian

• Catholic Encyclopedia 1908: "Saint Sebastian"
• Rev. Alban Butler, The Lives or the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints, vol. I An elaboration of the Acta, introducing many circumstial details.
• Patron Saints Index: Sebastian
• Legenda Aurea: Life of Saint Sebastian
• Iconography of Saint Sebastian
• David Woods, "The Military Martyrs"
• Sebastian the Martyr, Greek Orthodox Church