| Salicylic acid | | | | | IUPAC name | 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid | | Identifiers | | CAS number | [69-72-7] | | EINECS number | 200-712-3 | | SMILES | OC(=O)c1ccccc1O | | Properties | | Molecular formula | C7H6O3 | | Molar mass | 138.123 g/mol | | Density | 1.44 g/cm³ (at 20 °C) | | Melting point | 159 °C Image File history File links Salicylic-acid-skeletal. ...
IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ...
CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ...
The EINECS number (for European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances) is a registry number given to each chemical substance commercially available in the European Union between 1 January 1971 and 18 September 1981. ...
The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ...
A chemical formula is an easy way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ...
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ...
For other uses, see Density (disambiguation). ...
The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ...
| | Boiling point | 211 °C (2666 Pa) Italic text This article is about the boiling point of liquids. ...
| | Related compounds | | Related compounds | Methyl salicylate, Benzoic acid, Phenol, Aspirin, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, Magnesium salicylate, Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol), Sulfosalicylic acid | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | Salicylic acid (from the Latin word for the willow tree, Salix, from whose bark it can be obtained) is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) with the formula C6H4(OH)CO2H, where the OH group is adjacent to the carboxyl group. This colorless crystalline organic acid is widely used in organic synthesis and functions as a plant hormone. It is derived from the metabolism of salicin. It is probably best known as a compound that is chemically similar to but not identical to the active component of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). In fact, salicylic acid is a metabolite of aspirin, the product of esterase hydrolysis in the liver. Methyl salicylate (chemical formula C6H4(HO)COOCH3; also known as salicylic acid methyl ester, oil of wintergreen, betula oil, methyl-2-hydroxybenzoate) is a natural product of many species of plants. ...
Benzoic acid, C7H6O2 (or C6H5COOH), is a colorless crystalline solid and the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. ...
Phenol, also known under an older name of carbolic acid, is a colourless crystalline solid with a typical sweet tarry odor. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, or p-hydroxybenzoic acid, is a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid. ...
Magnesium salicylate is a common analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate muscular pain. ...
...
Sulfosalicylic acid is used in urine tests to determine urine protein content. ...
The plimsoll symbol as used in shipping In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals exactly). ...
Species About 350, including: Salix alba - White Willow Salix amygdaloides - Peachleaf Willow Salix arbuscula - Mountain Willow Salix aurita - Eared Willow Salix babylonica - Peking Willow Salix caprea- Goat Willow Salix caroliniana - Coastal Plain Willow Salix cinerea - Grey Sallow Salix fragilis - Crack Willow Salix herbacea - Dwarf Willow Salix lanata - Woolly Willow Salix...
3-Hydroxypropanoic acid, a simple beta hydroxy acid A beta hydroxy acid (BHA) is an organic compound which contains a carboxylic acid functional group and hydroxy functional group separated by two carbon atoms. ...
A chemical formula is an easy way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ...
Structure of a carboxylic acid The 3D structure of the carboxyl group A space-filling model of the carboxyl group Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written -COOH or -CO2H. [1] Carboxylic acids are Bronsted...
For other uses, see acid (disambiguation). ...
Organic synthesis is the construction of organic molecules via chemical processes. ...
Plant hormones (also known as plant growth regulators (PGRs) and phytohormones) are chemicals that regulate a plants growth. ...
Salicylic acid is a colorless, crystalline organic carboxylic acid. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Plant Hormone
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phytohormone; and a phenol, ubiquitous in plants generating a significant impact on plant growth and development, photosynthesis, transpiration, ion uptake and transport and also induces specific changes in leaf anatomy and chloroplast structure. SA is recognized as an endogenous signal, mediating in plant defense, against pathogens[1] It plays a role in the resistance of pathogens by inducing the production of 'pathogenesis-related proteins'. It is involved in the systemic acquired resistance [SAR] in which a pathogenic attack on older leaves causes the development of resistance in younger leaves, though whether SA is the transmitted signal is debatable. SA is the calorigenic substance that causes thermogenesis in Arum flowers.[2] Plant hormones (or plant growth regulators, or PGRs) are internally secreted chemicals in plants that are used for regulating their growth. ...
Phenol, also known under an older name of carbolic acid, is a colourless crystalline solid with a typical sweet tarry odor. ...
Photosynthesis splits water to liberate O2 and fixes CO2 into sugar The leaf is the primary site of photosynthesis in plants. ...
Transpiration is the evaporation of excess water from aerial parts and of plants, especially leaves but also stems, flowers and fruits. ...
This article is about the electrically charged particle. ...
Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis. ...
Look up Endogenous in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
A pathogen (literally birth of pain from the Greek παθογένεια) is a biological agent that can cause disease to its host. ...
In plants, the transpiration stream is the uninterrupted stream of water which is taken up by the roots and, via the xylem vessels, transported to the leaves where it will eventually evaporate at the air/apoplast-interface of the substomatal cavity. ...
Thermogenesis is the process of heat production in organisms. ...
Species See text. ...
Production Salicylic acid is an organic acid biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine. Biosynthesis is a phenomenon where chemical compounds are produced from simpler reagents. ...
Phenyl alanine is an α-amino acid with the formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2C6H5. ...
Sodium salicylate is commercially prepared by treating sodium phenoxide with a high pressure of carbon dioxide at high temperature via the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. Acidification of the product solution gives salicylic acid: R-phrases , S-phrases , , Autoignition temperature > 250 °C Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Sodium salicylate is a sodium salt of salicylic acid. ...
Phenol, also known under an older name of carbolic acid, is a colourless crystalline solid with a typical sweet tarry odor. ...
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula: ) is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. ...
The Kolbe-Schmitt reaction/Kolbe process (named after Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe and R. Schmitt) is a carboxylation chemical reaction that proceeds by heating sodium phenolate (the sodium salt of phenol) with carbon dioxide under pressure (100 atm, 125°C), then treating the product with sulfuric acid. ...
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It can be prepared by the hydrolysis of Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)[3] or methyl salicylate (Oil of Wintergreen) with a strong acid or base. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1380x279, 10 KB) Summary Diagram of the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction created with ChemDraw. ...
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction or process in which a chemical compound is broken down by reaction with water. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Methyl salicylate (chemical formula C6H4(HO)COOCH3; also known as salicylic acid methyl ester, oil of wintergreen, betula oil, methyl-2-hydroxybenzoate) is a natural product of many species of plants. ...
Analysis Salicylic acid is an enol of a β-keto carbonic acid and therefore forms purple complexes with iron(III) salts: Enol (or, more officially, but less commonly: alkenol) is an alkene with hydroxyl group on one of the carbon atoms of the double bond. ...
 This tris(chelate) complex forms more readily in basic solution.
History -
Main article: History of aspirin White willow ( Salix alba) is a natural source of salicylic acid The Greek physician Hippocrates wrote in the 5th century BC about a bitter powder extracted from willow bark that could ease aches and pains and reduce fevers. This remedy was also mentioned in texts from ancient Sumer, Lebanon, and Assyria. The Cherokee and other Native Americans used an infusion of the bark for fever and other medicinal purposes for centuries.[4] The medicinal part of the plant is the inner bark and was used as a pain reliever for a variety of ailments. The Reverend Edward (Edmund) Stone, a vicar from Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, England, noted in 1763 that the bark of the willow was effective in reducing a fever.[5] Ancient Greece is the term used to describe the Greek-speaking world in ancient times. ...
For other uses, see Hippocrates (disambiguation). ...
Species About 350, including: Salix acutifolia - Violet Willow Salix alaxensis - Alaska Willow Salix alba - White Willow Salix alpina - Alpine Willow Salix amygdaloides - Peachleaf Willow Salix arbuscula - Mountain Willow Salix arbusculoides - Littletree Willow Salix arctica - Arctic Willow Salix atrocinerea Salix aurita - Eared Willow Salix babylonica - Peking Willow Salix bakko Salix barrattiana...
Sumer ( Sumerian: KI-EN-GIR, Land of the Lords of Brightness[1], or land of the Sumerian tongue[2][3], Akkadian: Å umeru; possibly Biblical Shinar ), located in southern Mesopotamia, is the earliest known civilization in the world. ...
For other uses, see Assyria (disambiguation). ...
This page contains special characters. ...
Reverend Edward (Edmund) Stone (1702-1768) was a Church of England Reverend who discovered the active ingredient of Aspirin. ...
, Chipping Norton is a town in Oxfordshire, England, located north west of Oxford. ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
The active extract of the bark, called salicin, after the Latin name for the white willow (Salix alba), was isolated in crystalline form in 1828 by Henri Leroux, a French pharmacist, and Raffaele Piria, an Italian chemist. Piria was able to convert the substance into a sugar and a second component, which on oxidation becomes salicylic acid. Salicylic acid is a colorless, crystalline organic carboxylic acid. ...
For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
Binomial name Salix alba L. The White Willow is a willow native to Europe, and western and central Asia. ...
Salicylic acid was also isolated from the herb meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria, formerly classified as Spiraea ulmaria) by German researchers in 1839. While their extract was somewhat effective, it also caused digestive problems such as gastric irritation, bleeding, diarrhea, and even death when consumed in high doses. This article is about the Eurasian plant, introduced in some parts of America. ...
Binomial name Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. ...
Species About 80-100, see text Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Category Spiraea Spiraea is a genus of about 80-100 species of shrubs in the Rosaceae, subfamily Spiraeoideae. ...
In anatomy, the stomach (in ancient Greek στομάχι) is an organ in the alimentary canal used to digest food. ...
In medicine, diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea (see spelling differences), refers to frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. ...
Medicinal and cosmetic uses Also known as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, one of several beta hydroxy acids (compare to AHA), salicylic acid is a key ingredient in many skin-care products for the treatment of acne, psoriasis, calluses, corns, keratosis pilaris, and warts. It works by causing the cells of the epidermis to slough off more readily, preventing pores from clogging up, and allowing room for new cell growth. Because of its effect on skin cells, salicylic acid is used in several shampoos used to treat dandruff. Salicylic acid is also used as an active ingredient in gels which remove warts. Use of concentrated solutions of salicylic acid may cause hyperpigmentation on unpretreated skin for those with darker skin types (Fitzpatrick phototypes IV, V, VI), as well as with the lack of use of a broad spectrum sunblock.[6][7] α-Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) are naturally occurring carboxylic acids which are well-known for their use in the cosmetics industry. ...
This article is about calluses and corns of human skin. ...
This article is about calluses and corns of human skin. ...
Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a very common genetic follicular condition that is manifested by the appearance of rough bumps on the skin and hence colloquially referred to as chicken skin. It most often appears on the back and outer sides of the upper arms (though the lower arms can also...
For the Nintendo character, see Wart (Nintendo). ...
Cross-section of all skin layers Optical coherence tomography tomogram of fingertip, depicting stratum corneum (~500µm thick) with stratum disjunctum on top and stratum lucidum (connection to stratum spinosum) in the middle. ...
Schematic view of a hair follicle with sebaceous gland. ...
Shampoo is a common hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin particles, dandruff, environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in hair. ...
For the album by Ivor Cutler, see Dandruff (album). ...
For the Nintendo character, see Wart (Nintendo). ...
In dermatology, hyperpigmentation is the darkening of an area of skin or nails caused by increased melanin. ...
The Fitzpatrick Scale (aka Fitzpatrick skin typing test or Fitzpatrick phototyping scale) is a numerical classification schema for the color of skin. ...
The medicinal properties of salicylate, mainly for fever relief, have been known since ancient times, and it was used as an anti-inflammatory drug.[8] An analogue medical thermometer showing the temperature of 38. ...
1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
Cotton pads soaked in salicylic acid can be used to chemically exfoliate skin Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA) can be prepared by the esterification of the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 581 KB) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 581 KB) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
For other uses, see Cotton (disambiguation). ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two chemicals (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. ...
Subsalicylate in combination with bismuth form the popular stomach relief aid known commonly as Pepto-Bismol. When combined, the two key ingredients help control diarrhea, nausea, heartburn, and gas. It is also a very mild antibiotic. General Name, Symbol, Number bismuth, Bi, 83 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 15, 6, p Appearance lustrous pink Standard atomic weight 208. ...
...
In medicine, diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea (see spelling differences), refers to frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. ...
Staphylococcus aureus - Antibiotics test plate. ...
Choline salicylate is used topically to relieve the pain of aphthous ulcers. Choline is an organic compound, classified as an essential nutrient and usually grouped within the Vitamin B complex. ...
An aphthous ulcer or canker sore is a type of mouth ulcer which presents as a painful open sore inside the mouth, caused by a break in the mucous membrane. ...
Other uses - Although toxic in large quantities, salicylic acid is used as a food preservative and antiseptic in toothpaste. For some people with salicylate sensitivity even these small doses can be harmful.
- Sodium salicylate is a useful phosphor in the vacuum ultraviolet with nearly flat quantum efficiency for wavelengths between 10 to 100 nm.[9] It fluoresces in the blue at 420 nm. It is easily prepared on a clean surface by spraying a saturated solution of the salt in methanol followed by evaporation.
- Methyl Salycilate is used an a liniment, to soothe joint and muscle pain.
A preservative is a natural or synthetic chemical that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, etc. ...
An antiseptic solution of Povidone-iodine applied to an abrasion Antiseptics (Greek ανÏί, against, and ÏηÏÏικÏÏ, putrefactive) are antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction. ...
Modern toothpaste gel Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice used to clean and improve the aesthetic appearance and health of teeth. ...
Salicylate sensitivity, also known as salicylate intolerance, is a chemical reaction that occurs when too much salicylate (salicylic acid) is introduced into a persons system. ...
Green screen A phosphor is a substance that exhibits the phenomenon of phosphorescence (sustained glowing after exposure to light or energised particles such as electrons). ...
UV redirects here. ...
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, carbinol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3OH (often abbreviated MeOH). ...
Liniment, from the Latin linere, to anoint, is a medicinal preparation meant for external use, but one that is thinner in consistency than an ointment. ...
Safety Salicylic acid has an ototoxic effect by inhibiting prestin.[10] It can induce transient hearing loss in zinc-deficient individuals. Ototoxicity is damage of the ear (oto), specifically the cochlea or auditory nerve and sometimes the vestibulum, by a toxin (often medication). ...
Prestin is the motor protein of the outer hair cells of the inner ear of the mammalian cochlea. ...
General Name, symbol, number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Standard atomic weight 65. ...
This finding is based on clinical studies with rats. An injection of salicylic acid induced hearing loss in zinc-deficient rats, while a simultaneous injection of zinc reversed the hearing loss. An injection of magnesium in the zinc-deficient rats did not reverse the salicylic acid-induced hearing loss. This article is about rats. ...
General Name, symbol, number magnesium, Mg, 12 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, period, block 2, 3, s Appearance silvery white solid at room temp Standard atomic weight 24. ...
Salicylic acid is toxic in large amounts. Pregnant women are advised not to use products containing salicylic acid due to the danger of Reye's syndrome. Reyes syndrome is a potentially fatal disease that causes numerous detrimental effects to many organs, especially the brain and liver. ...
Some people are hypersensitive to salicylic acid and related compounds. Salicylate sensitivity, also known as salicylate intolerance, is a chemical reaction that occurs when too much salicylate (salicylic acid) is introduced into a persons system. ...
The United States Food and Drug Administration recommends the use of sun protection when using skincare products containing salicylic acid (or any other BHA) on sun-exposed skin areas.[11] FDA redirects here. ...
Footnotes - ^ S. Hayat, A. Ahmad (2007). Salicylic acid - A Plant Hormone. Springer. ISBN 1402051832.
- ^ Davies, Peter J. (2004). Plant Hormones: Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Action!. Springer, 13. ISBN 1402026846.
- ^ Hydrolysis of ASA to SA. Retrieved on July 31, 2007.
- ^ Paul B. Hemel and Mary U. Chiltoskey, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, NC: Herald Publishing Co. (1975); cited in Dan Moerman, A Database of Foods, Drugs, Dyes and Fibers of Native American Peoples, Derived from Plants.[1] A search of this database for "salix AND medicine" finds 63 entries.
- ^ Stone, E (1763). "An Account of the Success of the Bark of the Willow in the Cure of Agues". Philosophical Transactions 53: 195–200.
- ^ Grimes P.E. (1999). "The Safety and Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Chemical Peels in Darker Racial-ethnic Groups". Dermatologic Surgery 25: 18–22. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08145.x.
- ^ Roberts W. E. (2004). "Chemical peeling in ethnic/dark skin". Dermatologic Therapy 17 (2): 196. doi:10.1111/j.1396-0296.2004.04020.x.
- ^ Philip A. Mackowiak (2000). "Brief History of Antipyretic Therapy". Clinical Infectious Diseases, 31: 154–156. doi:10.1086/317510.
- ^ JAR Samson Techniques of Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
- ^ Wecker, H.; Laubert, A. (2004). "Reversible hearing loss in acute salicylate intoxication" (in German). HNO 52 (4): 347-51. PMID 15143764.
- ^ Beta Hydroxy Acids in Cosmetics. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
| Anesthetic: Ancient anaesthesia | | | Plants/animals | | | | People | | | | Molecules | | | | Antifungals (D01 and J02) | | | Antibiotics | | | | Topical azoles | imidazoles (Bifonazole, Clomidazole, Clotrimazole, Econazole, Fenticonazole, Ketoconazole, Isoconazole, Miconazole, Neticonazole, Oxiconazole, Sertaconazole, Sulconazole, Tioconazole) • triazoles ( Fluconazole) • benzimidazole ( Thiabendazole) | | | Other topicals | | | | For systemic use | | | | Other | | | | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) products (primarily M01A and M02A, also N02BA) | | | Salicylates | | | | Arylalkanoic acids | | | 2-Arylpropionic acids (profens) | | | N-Arylanthranilic acids (fenamic acids) | | | | Pyrazolidine derivatives | | | | Oxicams | | | | COX-2 inhibitors | | | | Sulphonanilides | | | | Topically used products | | | | Others | Fluproquazone · COX-inhibiting nitric oxide donator | | | | | | Analgesic products (N02A, N02B) | | Opioids See also: Opioids template | | | | Salicylic acid and derivatives | | | | Pyrazolones | | | | Cannabinoids | | | | Anilides | | | Non-Salicylate Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories See also: NSAIDs template | | Propionic Acid NSAIDs | Fenoprofen · Flurbiprofen · Ibuprofen · Ketoprofen · Naproxen · Oxaprozin Springer Science+Business Media or Springer (IPA: ) is a worldwide publishing company based in Germany which focuses on academic journals and books in the fields of science, technology, mathematics, and medicine. ...
Springer Science+Business Media or Springer (IPA: ) is a worldwide publishing company based in Germany which focuses on academic journals and books in the fields of science, technology, mathematics, and medicine. ...
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ...
is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
In medicine, a topical medication is applied to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes such as the vagina, nasopharynx, or the eye. ...
Azelaic acid is a saturated dicarboxylic acid found naturally in wheat, rye, and barley. ...
R-phrases , , S-phrases , , , Autoignition temperature 80°C RTECS number DM8575000 Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Tube of Basiron, a water-based 5% benzoyl peroxide preparation for the treatment of acne. ...
Glycolic acid (or hydroxyacetic acid) is the smallest α-hydroxy acid (AHA). ...
Bright light therapy is a common treatment for seasonal affective disorder. ...
Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca Oil) Tea tree oil or melaleuca oil is a clear to very pale golden color essential oil with a fresh camphoraceous odour. ...
An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ...
Clindamycin (rINN) (IPA: ) is a lincosamide antibiotic used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. ...
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic which has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin, and is often used for people who have an allergy to penicillins. ...
Sulfacetamide is a sulfonamide antibiotic. ...
This article deals with the group of antibiotics known as the Tetracyclines . ...
Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections (cystitis). ...
For other uses, see Hormone (disambiguation). ...
An antiandrogen, or androgen antagonist, is any of a group of hormone antagonist compounds that are capable of preventing or inhibiting the biologic effects of androgens, male sex hormones, on normally responsive tissues in the body (see androgen insensitivity syndrome). ...
First- and second-generation retinoid compounds The retinoids are a class of chemical compounds that are related chemically to vitamin A. Retinoids are used in medicine, primarily due to the way they regulate epithelial cell growth. ...
Adapalene is a topical retinoid primarily used in the treatment of acne and is also used (off-label) to treat keratosis pilaris as well as other skin conditions. ...
Isotretinoin (INN) (pronounced or [1]) is a medication used for the treatment of severe acne. ...
Tazarotene (marketed as Tazorac®, Avage® and Zorac®) is a prescription topical retinoid sold as a cream or gel. ...
Tretinoin is the acid form of vitamin A and so also known as all-trans retinoic acid or ATRA. It is a drug commonly used to treat acne vulgaris and keratosis pilaris. ...
Anesthesia (AE), also anaesthesia (BE), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations. ...
This article is about the herb sometimes known as wolfsbane. ...
Binomial name (Burm. ...
Castoreum is the glandular secretion of the beaver. ...
This article is about the plant genus Cannabis. ...
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Binomial name L. Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), also known as belladonna or dwale, is a well-known perennial herbaceous plant, with leaves and berries that are highly toxic and hallucinogenic. ...
Binomial name Hyoscyamus niger L. Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) is a plant of the family Solanaceae that originated in Eurasia. ...
Lactucarium is the milky fluid secreted by several species of wild Lettuce, usually from the base of the stems. ...
Mandrake root redirects here. ...
Species Metel Category: ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Species Conium chaerophylloides (Thunb. ...
Species See text. ...
Binomial name Datura inoxia Mill. ...
Species About 350, including: Salix acutifolia - Violet Willow Salix alaxensis - Alaska Willow Salix alba - White Willow Salix alpina - Alpine Willow Salix amygdaloides - Peachleaf Willow Salix arbuscula - Mountain Willow Salix arbusculoides - Littletree Willow Salix arctica - Arctic Willow Salix atrocinerea Salix aurita - Eared Willow Salix babylonica - Peking Willow Salix bakko Salix barrattiana...
Abu al-Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas Al-Zahrawi (936 - 1013), (Arabic: أب٠اÙÙØ§Ø³Ù
ب٠خÙÙ Ø¨Ù Ø§ÙØ¹Ø¨Ø§Ø³ Ø§ÙØ²ÙراÙÙ) also known in the West as Abulcasis, was an Andalusian-Arab physician, surgeon, and scientist. ...
For the lunar crater, see Avicenna (crater). ...
Aulus Cornelius Celsus Aulus Cornelius Celsus (25 BCâ50) was a Roman encyclopedist and possibly, although not likely, a physician. ...
Pedanius Dioscorides (ca. ...
For other uses, see Galen (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Hippocrates (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Razi. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Sushruta. ...
Theophrastus (Greek ÎεÏÏÏαÏÏοÏ, 370 â about 285 BC), a native of Eressos in Lesbos, was the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school. ...
Zhang Zhongjing or Chang Chung Ching (Wades-Giles) (張仲æ¯, 150 - 219) , also known as Zhang Ji (å¼µæ©), was one of the most eminent Chinese physicians during the later years of the Eastern Han era. ...
Structure of Aconitine Aconitine is a highly poisonous alkaloid derived from the aconite plant. ...
The acronym THC has several possible meanings: Teens Hate Chains, a Japanese singing group Tetrahydrocannabinol, the main active ingredient in Cannabis Tetrahydrocurcuminoids, extracted from Turmeric as an active ingredient in cosmetics Texas Historical Commission Therapeutic Humane Cannabis Act Thermohaline circulation The History Channel Terminal Handling Charges This page concerning a...
Atropine is a tropane alkaloid extracted from the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and other plants of the family Solanaceae. ...
For other uses, see Cocaine (disambiguation). ...
Coniine or 2-propylpiperidine is a poisonous alkaloid found in poison hemlock. ...
Hyoscyamine is a chemical compound, a tropane alkaloid it is the levo-isomer to atropine. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the family Solanaceae (nightshades), such as henbane or jimson weed (Datura species). ...
An antifungal drug is medication used to treat fungal infections such as athletes foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
Griseofulvin is an antifungal drug. ...
Polyene antimycotics, sometimes referred to as polyene antibiotics, are a class of antimicrobial polyene compounds that target fungi. ...
Natamycin, also known as pimaricin, is a polyene antifungal drug. ...
Nystatin (Nystan®, Infestat®, Nystamont®) is an polyene antimycotic drug Nystatin is considered one of the clean drugs as it has no proven side effects. ...
An azole is a class of five-membered nitrogen heterocyclic ring compounds containing at least one other noncarbon atom, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. ...
Imidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. ...
Bifonazole is an azole antifungal drug. ...
Clomidazole is an azole antifungal drug. ...
Clotrimazole is a potent, specific inhibitor of p450 enzymes. ...
Econazole nitrate is an antifungal medication of the imidazole class. ...
Fenticonazole is an azole antifungal drug. ...
Ketoconazole is a synthetic antifungal drug used to prevent and treat skin and fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients such as those with AIDS. Due to its side-effect profile, it has been superseded by newer antifungals, such as fluconazole and itraconazole. ...
Isoconazole is an azole antifungal drug. ...
Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent commonly applied topically (to the skin) or mucus membranes to cure fungal infections. ...
Oxiconazole nitrate (US: Oxistat®, Canada: Oxizole®) is an antifungal medication typically used as a cream or lotion to treat skin infections such as athletes foot. ...
Sertaconazole nitrate (Ertaczo®) is an antifungal medication of the imidazole class. ...
Sulconazole nitrate (Exelderm®) is an antifungal medication of the imidazole class. ...
Tioconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus or yeast. ...
Triazole refers to either one of a pair of isomeric chemical compounds with molecular formula C2H3N3, having a five-membered ring of two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms. ...
Fluconazole (INN) (IPA: ) is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. ...
Benzimidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. ...
Thiabendazole is a fungicide and parasiticide used primarily to control mold, blight, and other fungally caused diseases in fruits and vegetables. ...
Ciclopirox olamine (also called Loprox®, Penlac® and Stieprox®) is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic use. ...
Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate, also called ethylparaben, is an ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. ...
Flucytosine, or 5-fluorocytosine, a fluorinated pyrimidine analogue, is a synthetic antimycotic drug. ...
Selenium sulfide is an antifungal agent often used in shampoos for the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. ...
Tolnaftate is a synthetic over-the-counter anti-fungal agent. ...
Undecylenic Acid is an organic fatty acid derived from natural Castor oil (ricinoleic acid). ...
Allylamine (also known as 3-aminopropene, 3-aminopropylene, monoallylamine, 2-propenamine, 2-propen-1-amine, or allyl amine) is an organic amine with the molecular formula C3H7N. It is a highly toxic and flammable colorless liquid. ...
The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ...
Butenafine hydrochloride a synthetic benzylamine antifungal, marketed under the trade name Mentax and is the active ingredient in Schering-Ploughs Lotrimin® Ultra. ...
Naftifine is an allylamine antifungal drug. ...
Terbinafine hydrochloride tablets, sold as Lamisil in the U.S., are indicated for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenail or fingernail due to dermatophytes (Tinea unguium). ...
Griseofulvin is an antifungal drug. ...
Allylamine (also known as 3-aminopropene, 3-aminopropylene, monoallylamine, 2-propenamine, 2-propen-1-amine, or allyl amine) is an organic amine with the molecular formula C3H7N. It is a highly toxic and flammable colorless liquid. ...
Terbinafine hydrochloride tablets, sold as Lamisil in the U.S., are indicated for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenail or fingernail due to dermatophytes (Tinea unguium). ...
Polyene antimycotics, sometimes referred to as polyene antibiotics, are a class of antimicrobial polyene compounds that target fungi. ...
Amphotericin B (Fungilin, Fungizone, Abelcet, AmBisome, Fungisome, Amphocil, Amphotec) is a polyene antifungal drug, often used intravenously for systemic fungal infections. ...
Triazole refers to either one of a pair of isomeric chemical compounds with molecular formula C2H3N3, having a five-membered ring of two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms. ...
Itraconazole (marketed as Sporanox® by Janssen Pharmaceutica) is a triazole antifungal agent that is prescribed to patients with fungal infections. ...
Posaconazole is a triazole antifungal drug that is used to treat invasive infections by Candida species and Aspergillus species in severely immunocompromised patients. ...
Voriconazole (Vfend®, Pfizer) is a triazole antifungal medication used to treat serious fungal infections. ...
Echinocandins are antifungal drugs that inhibit the synthesis of glucan in the cell wall, probably via the enzyme 1,3-β glucan synthase. ...
Anidulafungin or Eraxis is an anti-fungal drug manufactured by Pfizer that gained approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in February 21, 2006 [1]; it was previously known as LY303366. ...
Caspofungin (INN[1]) (brand name Cancidas worldwide) is an antifungal drug, the first of a new class termed the echinocandins from Merck & Co. ...
Micafungin is a echinocandin antifungal drug. ...
Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca Oil) Tea tree oil or melaleuca oil is a clear to very pale golden color essential oil with a fresh camphoraceous odour. ...
Citronella oil is one of the important essential oils obtained from different species of Cymbopogon. ...
Species Over 50: see text Lemon Grass Lemon grass or lemongrass is a perennial herb used in Asian (particularly Thai, Khmer and Vietnamese) and Caribbean cooking. ...
Orange oil is also know as d-limonene. ...
Binomial name Benth. ...
Scientific name: Backhousia Citriodora. ...
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, usually abbreviated to NSAIDs, are drugs with analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects - they reduce pain, fever and inflammation. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Aloxiprin (or aluminum acetylsalicylate) is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. ...
Diflunisal is a generic NSAID (Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug). ...
Ethenzamide is a common analgesic and antiinflammatory drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. ...
Magnesium salicylate is a common analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate muscular pain. ...
Methyl salicylate (chemical formula C6H4(HO)COOCH3; also known as salicylic acid methyl ester, oil of wintergreen, betula oil, methyl-2-hydroxybenzoate) is a natural product of many species of plants. ...
Salicylic acid is a colorless, crystalline organic carboxylic acid. ...
Salicylamide is the common name for the substance o-hydroxybenzamide, or amide of salicyl. ...
R-phrases , S-phrases , , Autoignition temperature > 250 °C Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Sodium salicylate is a sodium salt of salicylic acid. ...
my sister died form overdose!!! Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren, Voltarol, Diclon, Dicloflex Difen, Difene, Cataflam, Pennsaid, Rhumalgan, Modifenac, Abitren and Zolterol) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation and an analgesic reducing pain in conditions such as in arthritis or acute injury. ...
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Acemetacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Alclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Etodolac is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano-[3,4-b]indole-1-acetic acid (empirical formula C17H21NO3), also sold under the trade name Lodine. ...
Indometacin (INN) or Indomethacin (USAN and former BAN) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to reduce fever, pain, stiffness, and swelling. ...
Nabumetone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acid family (which includes diclofenac. ...
Oxametacin (or oxamethacin) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Proglumetacin (usually as the maleate salt, trade names Afloxan, Protaxon and Proxil) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Sulindac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acid class that is marketed in the U.S. as Clinoril. ...
Tolmetin (IPA: ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acids. ...
Coated 200 mg ibuprofen tablets Ibuprofen (INN) (IPA: ) (from the earlier and no longer correct nomenclature iso-butyl-propanoic-phenolic acid) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) originally marketed as Brufen, and since then under various other trademarks (see tradenames section), most notably Advil. ...
Alminoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Benoxaprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Carprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used by veterinarians as a supportive treatment for the relief of arthritic symptoms in geriatric dogs. ...
Dexibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Dexketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Fenbufen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used primarily to treat inflammation in osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and tendinitis. ...
Fenoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Flunoxaprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Flurbiprofen is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) used to treat the inflammation and pain of arthritis. ...
Ibuproxam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Indoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Ketoprofen, (RS)2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (chemical formula C16H14O3) is one of the propionic acid class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic effects. ...
Ketorolac or ketorolac tromethamine (marketed as Toradol - generics have been approved) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the family of propionic acids, often used as an analgesic, antipyretic (fever reducer), and anti-inflammatory. ...
Loxoprofen (INN) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the propionic acid derivatives group. ...
Miroprofen is the INN name for the chemical compound p-Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-ylhydratropic acid, 2-[p-(2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl)phenyl]propionic acid, or benzeneacetic acid, empirically C16H14N2O2. ...
Naproxen (INN) (IPA: ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury (like fractures), menstrual cramps, tendonitis, bursitis, and the treatment of primary...
Oxaprozin (brand name: Daypro®) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. ...
Pirprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Suprofen is an NSAID marketed in a 1% solution under the trade name Profenal. ...
Tiaprofenic acid is pharmaceutical, belonging to the class called NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) used to treat pain, especially arthritic pain. ...
Fenamic acid is a molecule which serves as a parent structure for several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including mefenamic acid, tolfenamic acid, flufenamic acid, and meclofenamic acid. ...
Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, including menstrual pain. ...
Flufenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Meclofenamic acid is a drug used for joint and muscular pain. ...
Tolfenamic acid (TA) is one of the class of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). ...
Pyrazolidine is a heterocyclic compound. ...
Phenylbutazone, often known as bute, is a crystalline substance having the structure shown at right. ...
Azapropazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Clofezone is a drug used for joint and muscular pain. ...
Kebuzone (or ketophenylbutazone) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Not to be confused with methimazole . ...
Mofebutazone (or monophenylbutazone) is a drug used for joint and muscular pain. ...
Phenylbutazone, often referred to as bute, is a crystalline substance having the structure shown at right. ...
Phenazone, or phenazon, is an analgesic. ...
Sulfinpyrazone is a uricosuric medication used to treat gout. ...
Piroxicam Meloxicam An oxicam is a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which binds closely to plasma proteins. ...
Piroxicam (marketed in the U.S. under the trade name Feldene) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, Post Operative Pain; and act as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. ...
Droxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Lornoxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, pyrexia; and as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. ...
Tenoxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme (EC 1. ...
COX-2 selective inhibitor is a form of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that directly targets COX-2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. ...
Celecoxib (INN) (pronounced ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. ...
Etoricoxib (brand name Arcoxia®) is a new COX-2 selective inhibitor from Merck & Co. ...
Lumiracoxib (rINN) is a COX-2 selective inhibitor non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, manufactured by Novartis and sold in 21 countries, including the United Kingdom, Mexico, Germany, South Africa, Australia, Argentina and Brazil, under the trade name Prexige® (sometimes misquoted as Prestige by the media). ...
Injectible prodrug of valdecoxib. ...
Rofecoxib (IPA: ) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) developed by Merck & Co. ...
Valdecoxib is a prescription drug used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms. ...
Nimesulide structure formula Nimesulide is a prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties. ...
In medicine, a topical medication is applied to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes such as the vagina, nasopharynx, or the eye. ...
Bendazac (or bendazolic acid) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for joint and muscular pain. ...
my sister died form overdose!!! Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren, Voltarol, Diclon, Dicloflex Difen, Difene, Cataflam, Pennsaid, Rhumalgan, Modifenac, Abitren and Zolterol) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation and an analgesic reducing pain in conditions such as in arthritis or acute injury. ...
Etofenamate is a drug used for joint and muscular pain. ...
Felbinac (or biphenylylacetic acid) is a topical medicine, belonging to the family of medicines known as NSAIDs, which is used to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis. ...
Flurbiprofen is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) used to treat the inflammation and pain of arthritis. ...
Coated 200 mg ibuprofen tablets Ibuprofen (INN) (IPA: ) (from the earlier and no longer correct nomenclature iso-butyl-propanoic-phenolic acid) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) originally marketed as Brufen, and since then under various other trademarks (see tradenames section), most notably Advil. ...
Indometacin (INN) or Indomethacin (USAN and former BAN) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to reduce fever, pain, stiffness, and swelling. ...
Ketoprofen, (RS)2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (chemical formula C16H14O3) is one of the propionic acid class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic effects. ...
Naproxen (INN) (IPA: ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury (like fractures), menstrual cramps, tendonitis, bursitis, and the treatment of primary...
Piroxicam (marketed in the U.S. under the trade name Feldene) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, Post Operative Pain; and act as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. ...
Suprofen is an NSAID marketed in a 1% solution under the trade name Profenal. ...
Fluproquazone (Tormosyl) is a quinazolinone derivative with potent analgesic[1][2] and antipyretic[3] effects and also anti-inflammatory action. ...
Some drugs have been withdrawn from the market subsequently to their introduction due to risks for the patients. ...
Veterinary medicine is the application of medical, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles to companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife, and production animals. ...
An analgesic (colloquially known as a painkiller) is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain (achieve analgesia). ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ...
An opioid is a chemical substance that has a morphine-like action in the body. ...
Prodine (Prisilidine, Nisentil) is an opioid analgesic that is an analogue of pethidine (meperidine). ...
Anileridine (Leritine®) is a synthetic opioid and strong analgesic medication. ...
Buprenorphine, is an opioid drug with partial agonist and antagonist actions. ...
Butorphanol (INN) is a morphinan-type synthetic opioid analgesic marketed in the U.S. under the trade name Stadol. ...
For the band, see Codeine (band). ...
Dextromoramide (Palfium®, Palphium®, Jetrium®, Dimorlin®) is the right-handed isomer of the moramide molecule. ...
Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category. ...
Dezocine (Dalgan, WY-16225) is an opioid analgesic related to pentazocine, with a similar profile of effects that include analgesic action and euphoria at low doses,[1] but produces dysphoria and hallucinations at high doses, most likely due to action at κ-opioid receptors. ...
Heroin (INN: diacetylmorphine, BAN: diamorphine) is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from morphine, a derivative of the opium poppy. ...
Dihydrocodeine, also called DHC, Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone and by the brand names of Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, SS Bron, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine, Didrate, Dihydrin, Hydrocodin, Nadeine, Novicodin, Rapacodin, Fortuss, Dico, and DF-118 amongst others, is a semi-synthetic opioid...
Dihydromorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid invented in Germany in the first years of the twentieth century. ...
Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic, first synthesized by Janssen Pharmaceutica (Belgium) in the late 1950s, with a potency many times that of morphine. ...
Hydrocodone or dihydrocodeinone is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from two of the naturally occurring opiates, codeine and thebaine. ...
Hydromorphone is a drug developed in Germany in the 1920s and introduced to the mass market beginning in 1926. ...
Ketobemidone structure Ketobemidone is a powerful opioid analgesic. ...
Levorphanol is an opioid medication used to treat severe pain. ...
Meptazinol is an opioid analgesic for use with moderate to severe pain, most commonly used to treat pain in obstetrics (childbirth). ...
Methadone (Dolophine, Amidone, Methadose, Physeptone, Heptadon and many others) is a synthetic opioid, used medically as an analgesic, antitussive and a maintenance anti-addictive for use in patients on opioids. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Nalbuphine (nalbuphine hydrochloride) is a synthetic opioid used commercially as an analgesic under a variety of trade names, including Nubain. ...
Nicomorphine (Vilan) is the 3,6-dinicotinate ester of morphine. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Not to be confused with oxytocin. ...
Oxymorphone (Opana, Numorphan) or 14-Hydroxydihydromorphinone is a powerful semi-synthetic opioid analgesic that is derived from thebaine, and is approximately 6â8 times more potent than morphine. ...
Pethidine (INN) or meperidine (USAN) (also referred to as: isonipecaine; lidol; pethanol; piridosal; Algil®; Alodan®; Centralgin®; Demerol®; Dispadol®; Dolantin®; Dolargan® (in Poland);[1] Dolestine®; Dolosal®; Dolsin®; Mefedina®) is a fast-acting opioid analgesic drug. ...
Pentazocine is a synthetically-prepared narcotic (opioid analgesic) drug used to treat mild to moderately severe pain. ...
Pethidine (INN) or meperidine (USAN) (also referred to as: isonipecaine; lidol; pethanol; piridosal; Algil®; Alodan®; Centralgin®; Demerol®; Dispadol®; Dolantin®; Dolargan® (in Poland);[1] Dolestine®; Dolosal®; Dolsin®; Mefedina®) is a fast-acting opioid analgesic drug. ...
Piminodine (Alvodine) is an opioid analgesic that is an analogue of pethidine (meperidine). ...
Piritramide (Dipidolor®) is a synthetic opioid analgesic with about 65-75 percent of the mg-for-mg strength of morphine. ...
Tilidine (INN, USAN), or tilidate (BAN) (Valoron®, Valtran®, Tilidin) is a synthetic opioid analgesic, used for treatment of moderate to severe pain, both acute and chronic[1]. Considered a low- to medium-potency opioid, it has the oral potency of about 0. ...
Tramadol (INN) (IPA: ) is an atypical opioid which is a centrally acting analgesic, used for treating moderate to severe pain. ...
Tapentadol (INN) is a centrally-acting analgesic with a unique dual mode of action as an agonist at the μ-opioid receptor and as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. ...
This article is about the drug. ...
Diflunisal is a generic NSAID (Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug). ...
Ethenzamide is a common analgesic and antiinflammatory drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. ...
Magnesium salicylate is a common analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate muscular pain. ...
Salicylic acid is a colorless, crystalline organic carboxylic acid. ...
Salicylamide is the common name for the substance o-hydroxybenzamide, or amide of salicyl. ...
Pyrazole Phenazone Ampyrone Phenylbutazone Pyrazolone, a five-membered-ring lactam, is a derivative of pyrazole that has an additional keto (=O) group. ...
Not to be confused with methimazole . ...
Phenazone, or phenazon, is an analgesic. ...
Cannabinoids are a group of terpenophenolic compounds present in Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L). ...
Ajulemic acid (IP-751) is a synthetic cannabinoid derivative of the non-psychoactive THC metabolite 11-carboxy-THC which shows useful analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects without causing a subjective high.[1] It is being developed for the treatment of neuropathic pain and inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. ...
AM404 AM404 also known as N-arachidonoylphenolamine is an active metabolite of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) responsible for all or part of its analgesic action. ...
Cannabidiol, also known as CBD, is an antipsychotic cannabinoid found in the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. ...
This article is about the plant genus Cannabis. ...
Nabilone is a cannabinoid with therapeutic use as an antiemetic. ...
THC redirects here. ...
Aniline, phenylamine or aminobenzene is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2 (or C6H7N). ...
Paracetamol (INN) (IPA: ) or acetaminophen (USAN) is a widely-used analgesic and antipyretic. ...
Phenacetin, introduced in 1887, was used principally as an analgesic, and was the first fever reducer to go on the market. ...
Fenoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. ...
Flurbiprofen is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) used to treat the inflammation and pain of arthritis. ...
Coated 200 mg ibuprofen tablets Ibuprofen (INN) (IPA: ) (from the earlier and no longer correct nomenclature iso-butyl-propanoic-phenolic acid) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) originally marketed as Brufen, and since then under various other trademarks (see tradenames section), most notably Advil. ...
Ketoprofen, (RS)2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (chemical formula C16H14O3) is one of the propionic acid class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic effects. ...
Naproxen (INN) (IPA: ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury (like fractures), menstrual cramps, tendonitis, bursitis, and the treatment of primary...
Oxaprozin (brand name: Daypro®) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. ...
| | | Oxicam NSAIDs | Meloxicam · Piroxicam · Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, pyrexia; and as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. ...
Piroxicam (marketed in the U.S. under the trade name Feldene) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve the symptoms of Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrhoea, Post Operative Pain; and act as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component. ...
| | | Acetic Acid NSAIDs | Diclofenac · Indometacin · Ketorolac · Sulindac · Tolmetin my sister died form overdose!!! Diclofenac (marketed as Voltaren, Voltarol, Diclon, Dicloflex Difen, Difene, Cataflam, Pennsaid, Rhumalgan, Modifenac, Abitren and Zolterol) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce inflammation and an analgesic reducing pain in conditions such as in arthritis or acute injury. ...
Indometacin (INN) or Indomethacin (USAN and former BAN) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to reduce fever, pain, stiffness, and swelling. ...
Ketorolac or ketorolac tromethamine (marketed as Toradol - generics have been approved) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the family of propionic acids, often used as an analgesic, antipyretic (fever reducer), and anti-inflammatory. ...
Sulindac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acid class that is marketed in the U.S. as Clinoril. ...
Tolmetin (IPA: ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acids. ...
| | | COX-2 NSAIDs | Celecoxib · Rofecoxib Celecoxib (INN) (pronounced ) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. ...
Rofecoxib (IPA: ) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) developed by Merck & Co. ...
| | | Anthranilic Acid (Fenamate) NSAIDS | Meclofenamate · Mefenamic acid Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain, including menstrual pain. ...
| | | Other NSAIDS | Nabumetone Nabumetone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acid family (which includes diclofenac. ...
| | | Atypical, Adjunct & Miscellaneous | | | Clonidine is a direct-acting adrenergic agonist prescribed historically as an anti-hypertensive agent. ...
Cyclobenzaprine is a skeletal muscle relaxant and a central nervous system (CNS) depressant. ...
Duloxetine (brand names Cymbalta, Yentreve, and in parts of Europe, Xeristar or Ariclaim) is a drug which primarily targets major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), pain related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy and in some countries stress urinary incontinence (SUI). ...
Gabapentin (brand name Neurontin) is a medication originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy. ...
Categories: Possible copyright violations ...
Orphenadrine (Norflex®, Disipal®, Banflex®, Flexon® and others) is an anticholinergic and NMDA receptor antagonist [1]drug belonging to the ethanolamine class of antihistamines. ...
Trazodone (Desyrel®, Trittico®, Thombran®, Trialodine®) is a psychoactive compound with sedative, anxiolytic, and antidepressant properties. ...
Ziconotide is a non-opioid, non local anesthetic used for the amelioration of chronic pain. ...
Plant hormones (also known as plant growth regulators (PGRs) and phytohormones) are chemicals that regulate a plants growth. ...
Abscisic Acid (ABA), also known as abscisin II and dormin, is a plant hormone. ...
IAA appears to be the most active auxin in plant growth. ...
Zeatin is named after the genera of corn, Zea as it was first discovered in corn. ...
Ethylene (or IUPAC name ethene) is the chemical compound with the formula C2H4. ...
GA1 GA3 ent-Gibberellane ent-Kauren Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones involved in promotion of stem elongation, mobilization of food reserves in seeds and other processes. ...
Brassinolide appears to be the most common Brassinosteroid. ...
Jasmonic Acid is released by plants when wounded and helps organize healing and defense. ...
The polyamines are organic compounds having two or more primary amino groups - such as putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, and spermine - that are growth factors in both eucaryotic and procaryotic cells. ...
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