Statistics
Periphery:	North Aegean
Capital:	Samos
Area:	778 km² Ranked 48th
Elevation:	Lowest: Aegean Sea Highest: Kerketeus (1,433 m)
Inhabitants:	44,114 Ranked 46th
Population density:	56/km²
ISO 3166-2:	GR-84
FIPS code:	GR48
Car designation:	MO (Samos)
Code for the municipalities:	46xx
Number of municipalities:	8
Postal code	83x xx
2-letter abbrev:	SM
Map

Samos (Greek Σάμος; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is an island in southeastern Greece in the Aegean Sea, off the coast of Turkey. It is located between the island of Chios to the North and the Dodecanese Islands to the South. Products include tobacco, wine, honey, olive oil, and citrus fruit. The Muscat grape is a main crop used for wine production. With the neighbouring islands of Ikaria and Fourni, the island of Samos is administered as part of Samos prefecture (nómos). Its capital and main port is the city of Vathí, also called Samos; other ports are Karlóvassi and Pythagóreion, formerly called Tigáni. The nearest airport is Samos Airport. The peripheries (περιφέρειες) are the subnational divisions of Greece. ... Categories: Greece geography stubs ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... The Aegean Sea. ... Kerkis or Kerketeus (Greek, Modern: Κέρκης, Kérkis; Ancient: Κερκετεύς, Kerketeús) is an extinct volcano, forming the bulk of the center of the Greek island of Samos. ... This is a list of the prefectures of Greece, in order of descending population (in 2005). ... ISO 3166-2:GR are ISO 3166-2 codes for Greece. ... FIPS could mean Federal Information Processing Standard, publicly announced standards developed by the U.S. Federal government. ... The Greek car license plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (f. ... The National Statistical Service of Greece (NSSG) is a General Secretariat of the Greek Ministry of Economy and Finance with more than 1100 employees. ... File links The following pages link to this file: Samos Categories: GFDL images ... This is a list of traditional Greek place names. ... The Aegean Sea. ... Chios (Italian: Scio, Χίος; alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea. ... The Dodecanese (Greek: Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa, meaning twelve islands) are a group of Greek islands in the Aegean Sea, off the southwest coast of Turkey. ... Species N. glauca N. longiflora N. rustica N. sylvestris N. tabacum Ref: ITIS 30562 as of August 26, 2005 Tobacco (, L.) refers to a genus of broad-leafed plants of the nightshade family indigenous to North and South America or to the dried and cured leaves. ... A glass of red wine Wine is an alcoholic beverage that is made by fermenting grapes or grape juice. ... Honey honey comb A capped frame of honeycomb Honey is a sweet and viscous fluid produced by bees and other insects from the nectar of flowers. ... In agriculture, olive oil is an oil extracted from the fruit of the European olive tree , which originated in the Mediterranean area. ... Species & major hybrids Species Citrus maxima - Pomelo Citrus medica - Citron Citrus reticulata - Mandarin & Tangerine Major hybrids Citrus x aurantifolia - Key lime Citrus x aurantium Citrus x hystrix - Kaffir Lime Citrus x ichangensis - Ichang Lemon Citrus x limetta Citrus x limon - Lemon Citrus x limonia - Rangpur Citrus x paradisi - Grapefruit Citrus... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Catalonia. ... The muscat family of grapes of the species Vitis vinifera are widely grown for wine, raisins and table grapes. ... Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos, Greek: νομοί, νομός)): See also List of the prefectures of Greece by area List of the prefectures of Greece by population density List of the prefectures of Greece by population External...

The area of the island is 468 square kilometres, and it is forty-three kilometres long thirteen kilometres wide. The population is about 42,000, about 80% of the prefectural population. The highest point is the Kerketeus (1,433 metres). Kerkis or Kerketeus (Greek, Modern: Κέρκης, Kérkis; Ancient: Κερκετεύς, Kerketeús) is an extinct volcano, forming the bulk of the center of the Greek island of Samos. ...

History

In classical times the island was a centre of Ionian culture and luxury, known for its wines and its red pottery (called Samian ware by the Romans). Its most famous building, for a brief time, was the archaic Ionic Temple of Hera (the Heraion), built by the architects Rhoikos and Theodoros c. 540 BC, which stood opposite the cult altar of Hera in her sanctuary. It was a dipteral temple, that is with a portico of columns two deep, which surrounded it entirely (peripterally). It had a deep square-roofed pronaos in front of a closed cella. Cella and pronaos were divided into three equal aisles by two rows of columns that marched down the pronaos and through the temple. The result was that Hera was worshipped in a temple fitted within a stylized grove of columns, eight across and twenty-one deep. The columns stood on unusual bases that were horizontally fluted. Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... Image:Samian. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC Events and Trends 548 BC -- Croesus, Lydian king, defeated by Cyrus. ...

The Heraion of Samos was the first of the gigantic Ionic temples. Unfortunately it stood for only about a decade before it was destroyed, probably by an earthquake. One of the giant statues from the Heraion survives in the Samos Archaeological Museum. The great kouros of Samos, the largest surviving kouros in Greece (Samos Archaeological Museum) A kouros (plural kouroi) is a statue of a male youth, dating from the archaic period of Greek sculpture (about 650 BC to about 500 BC). ...

In the 6th century BC Samos was ruled by the famous tyrant Polycrates. (7th century BC - 6th century BCE - 5th century BCE - other centuries) (600s BCE - 590s BCE - 580s BCE - 570s BCE - 560s BCE - 550s BCE - 540s BCE - 530s BCE - 520s BCE - 510s BCE - 500s BCE - other decades) (2nd millennium BCE - 1st millennium BCE - 1st millennium) The 5th and 6th centuries BCE were... A tyrant (from Greek τύραννος týrannos) is a usurper of rightful power, possessing absolute power and ruling by tyranny. ... Polycrates, son of Aeaces, was the tyrant of Samos from 535 BC to 515 BC. He took power during a festival of Hera with his brothers Pantagnotus and Syloson, but soon had Pantagnotus killed and exiled Syloson to take full control for himself. ...

During his reign, two working groups under the lead of the engineer Eupalinos dug a tunnel through Mount Kastro to build an aqueduct for supplying Tigáni (the capital of Samos) with water, which was of utmost stragetic importance. It is not documented, which method Eupalinos employed to make the two groups meet in the middle of the mountain. With a length of 1,036 metres, the tunnel today is known as one of the masterpieces of ancient engineering.

Even so, the island followed the fate of the Ionian cities, being subjugated to the Persian Empire. During the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), Samos took the side of Athens against Sparta, providing their port to the Athenian fleet. Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Map of the Greek world at the start of the Peloponnesian War The Peloponnesian War began in 431 BC between the Athenian Empire (or The Delian League) and the Peloponnesian League which included Sparta and Corinth. ... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC - 430s BC - 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC Years: 436 BC 435 BC 434 BC 433 BC 432 BC - 431 BC - 430 BC 429 BC... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC - 400s BC - 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC Years: 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC 406 BC 405 BC - 404 BC - 403 BC 402 BC... The Acropolis in central Athens, one of the most important landmarks in world history. ... Sparta (Greek Σπάρτη) was a city in ancient Greece, whose territory included, in Classical times, all Laconia and Messenia, and which was the most powerful state of the Peloponnesus. ... Fleet can refer to several things: Two or more vehicles owned by a company A group of ships: Fishing fleet Naval Fleet, consisting of a substantial number of vessels of varying sizes: Royal Navys Home Fleet Royal Navys Grand Fleet Royal Navys Pacific Fleet Royal Navys...

Perhaps the most famous persons ever connected with classical Samos were Pythagoras and a slave who belonged to Iadmon, whose name was Aesop (famous for Aesop's Fables). In 1955 the town of Tigáni was renamed Pythagório to honour the famous mathematician. Other notable personalities include the philosopher Epicurus, who was born on the island. The astronomer Aristarchus, whom history credits with the first recorded heliocentric model of the solar system, lived on Samos. As did the great sculptor and inventor Theodorus. Herodotus (known for his book The Histories of Herodotus) lived in Samos for a time. This topic is considered to be an essential subject on Wikipedia. ... Aesop, as depicted in the Nuremberg Chronicle. ... Aesops Fables or Aesopica refers to a collection of fables credited to Aesop (circa 620 BC – 560 BC), a slave and story-teller living in Ancient Greece. ... Epicurus (Epikouros or Eπίκουρος in Greek) (born Samos 341 BC–died Athens, 270 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher who was the founder of Epicureanism, one of the most popular schools of Hellenistic Philosophy. ... An astronomer or astrophysicist is a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics. ... Aristarchus (310 BC - circa 230 BC) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, born in Samos, Greece. ... In astronomy, heliocentrism is the theory that the Sun is at the center of the Universe and/or the Solar System. ... Presentation of the solar system (not to scale) The solar system is comprised of our Sun and the retinue of celestial objects gravitationally bound to it. ... Theodorus of Samos was a Greek sculptor and architect of the sixth century BC who is often credited with the invention of ore smelting and, according to Pausanius, the craft of casting. ... Bust of Herodotus Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: Ἡροδοτος, Herodotos) was an ancient historian who lived in the 5th century BC (484 BC-ca. ... The Histories of Herodotus by Herodotus is considered the first work of history in Western literature. ...

Samos was part of the Roman Empire, Eastern Roman Empire, then Ottoman Empire until 1832 when it became a semi-independent principality under a Christian head of state, but still paying tribute to the Ottomans. The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian (better known as Caesar Augustus), until its radical reformation in what was later to be known as the Byzantine Empire. ... Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Bursa (1335 - 1365), Edirne (1365-1453), İstanbul (Constantinople) (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40... 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1913 it was included in Greece as a result of the Balkan Wars. 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The outcome as of April 1913 Boundaries on the Balkans after the First and the Second Balkan War (1912-1913) Distribution of races in the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor in 1923, Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd, New York (The map does not reflect the results of the 1923...

On August 3, 1989, a Shorts 330 of the Olympic Airways (now Olympic Airlines) crashed near Samos Airport; thirty-one passengers died. August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Olympic Airlines (Ολυμπιακές Αερογραμμές - O.A.) is the state-run flag carrier of Greece. ...

Climate

Pythagorio, on the south-eastern coast of Samos

Its climate is mainly Mediterranean. The town of Pythagorio, on the south-eastern side of the island. ... The town of Pythagorio, on the south-eastern side of the island. ...

Municipalities

Image of the island of Samos

See also: List of settlements in the Samos prefecture Fourni Korseon (Greek:Φούρνοι Κορσέων) are a complex of small islands between Ikaria, Samos and Patmos. ... Vathy is the capital of Ithaca (Greece) in Greece. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x958, 121 KB) NASA World Wind screenshot. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x958, 121 KB) NASA World Wind screenshot. ... This is a list of settlements of the Samos prefecture, Greece. ...

External links

• Tunnel of Eupalinos
• Travel to Samos — Samos guide
• samosin.gr
• samosnet.gr
• Pictures of Samos — regularly up-dated
• Samos info Samos by Holiday.gr