Admiral Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, 1724–1816 by James Northcote, painted 1784.

Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, from the painting by L.F. Abbott, in the National Portrait Gallery

For other related uses, see Admiral Hood

Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood Bt (December 12, 1724 – January 27, 1816) was a British admiral. Download high resolution version (700x837, 90 KB)Admiral Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, 1724]–1816 by James Northcote, painted 1784 The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of... Download high resolution version (700x837, 90 KB)Admiral Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, 1724]–1816 by James Northcote, painted 1784 The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of... James Northcote (October 22, 1746 - July 13, 1831), was an English painter. ... Image File history File links Samuel_Hood,_1st_Viscount_Hood_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_16914. ... Image File history File links Samuel_Hood,_1st_Viscount_Hood_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_16914. ... The National Portrait Gallery is an art gallery in central London which was opened in 1856. ... Several members of the Hood family have served as admirals in the Royal Navy: Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood (1724–1816) Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport (1726–1814) Sir Samuel Hood (1762–1814) Arthur Hood, 1st Baron Hood (1824–1901) Horace Lambert Alexander Hood (1870–1916) This is a disambiguation... A baronet (traditional abbreviation Bart, modern abbreviation Bt), is the holder of an hereditary title awarded by the British Crown, known as a baronetcy. ... December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 19 days remaining. ... Events January 14 - King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne February 20 - The premiere of Giulio Cesare, an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel, takes place in London June 23 - Treaty of Constantinople signed. ... January 27 is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. ...

Early career

The son of Samuel Hood, vicar of Butleigh in Somerset, and prebendary of Wells, Samuel the younger entered the navy on May 6, 1741. He served part of his time as midshipman with Rodney in the "Ludlow", and became lieutenant in 1746. He was fortunate in serving under active officers, and had opportunities of seeing service in the North Sea. In 1754 he was made commander of the sloop Jamaica and served in her on the North American station. In 1756, while still on the North American station, he attained to post rank. In 1757, while in temporary command of the "Antelope" (50), he drove a French ship ashore in Audierrie Bay, and captured two privateers. His zeal attracted the favourable notice of the Admiralty and he was appointed to a ship of his own. In 1759, when captain of the "Vestal" (32), he captured the French "Bellona" (32) after a sharp action. During the war his services were wholly in the Channel, and he was engaged under Rodney in 1759 in destroying the vessels collected by the French to serve as transports in the proposed invasion of England. In 1778, he accepted a command which in the ordinary course would have terminated his active career. He became commissioner of the dockyard at Portsmouth and governor of the Naval Academy These posts were generally given to officers who were retiring from the sea. Butleigh is a small village, located in Somerset. ... Somerset is a county in the south-west of England. ... Wells is a small city and civil parish in the Mendip district of Somerset. ... The multinational Combined Task Force One Five Zero (CTF-150) The British Grand Fleet, the supreme naval force of WW1 A rare occurrence of a 5-country multinational fleet, during Operation Enduring Freedom in the Oman Sea. ... May 6 is the 126th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (127th in leap years). ... // Events April 10 - Austrian army attack troops of Frederick the Great at Mollwitz August 10 - Raja of Travancore defeats Dutch East India Company naval expedition at Battle of Colachel December 19 - Vitus Bering dies in his expedition east of Siberia December 25 - Anders Celsius develops his own thermometer scale Celsius... A Lieutenant is a military, paramilitary or police officer. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... A sloop-rigged J-24 sailboat In sailing, a sloop is a vessel with a Fore-and-aft rig. ... HMS Jamaica (C44), a Crown Colony class cruiser of the Royal Navy, is named after Jamaica when it used to be part of the British Empire. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... HMS Antelope was a 54-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy that served in the Seven Years War and the American Revolutionary War. ... Admiral Lord George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, 1719–1792 by Jean-Laurent Mosnier, painted 1791, George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney (February 1718 – May 24, 1792), was a British naval officer. ... Portsmouth is a city of about 196,000 people located in the county of Hampshire on the southern coast of Great Britain. ...

American Revolutionary years

In 1778, on the occasion of the king's visit to Portsmouth, he was made a baronet. Many admirals had declined to serve under Lord Sandwich, and Rodney, who then commanded in the West Indies, had complained of a lack of proper support from his subordinates, whom he accused of disaffection. The Admiralty, anxious to secure the services of trustworthy flag officers, promoted Hood to rear-admiral on September 26, 1780, and sent him to the West Indies to act as second in command under Rodney, to whom he was personally known. He joined Rodney in January 1781 in his flagship Barfleur, and remained in the West Indies or on the coast of North America till the close of the War of American Independence. A baronet (traditional abbreviation Bart, modern abbreviation Bt), is the holder of an hereditary title awarded by the British Crown, known as a baronetcy. ... John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, 1783, by Sir Thomas Gainsborough John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich (3 November 1718 – 3 April 1792) succeeded his grandfather, Edward, the 3rd Earl, in the earldom in 1729. ... The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 96 days remaining. ... 1780 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Battle of the Saintes, 12 April 1782: surrender of the Ville de Paris by Thomas Whitcombe, painted 1783, shows Hoods Barfleur, centre, attacking the French flagship Ville de Paris, right, at the Battle of the Saintes. ... The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a war fought primarily between Great Britain and revolutionaries within thirteen of her North American colonies. ...

The expectation that he would work harmoniously with Rodney was not entirely justified. Their correspondence shows that they were not on friendly terms; but Hood always did his duty, and he was so able that no question of removing him from the station ever arose. The unfortunate turn taken by the campaign of 1781 was largely due to Rodney's neglect of Hood's advice. If he had been allowed to choose his own position, he could have prevented the Comte de Grasse from reaching Fort Royal with the reinforcements from France in April. When Rodney decided to return to England for the sake of his health in the autumn of 1781, Hood was ordered to take the bulk of the fleet to the North American coast during the hurricane months. Hood joined Admiral Thomas Graves in the unsuccessful effort to relieve the army at Yorktown, when the British fleet was driven off by De Grasse at the Battle of the Chesapeake. François Joseph Paul, marquis de Grasse Tilly, comte de Grasse (1722 - January 1788), French admiral, was born at Bar, in the present départment of the Alpes-Maritimes. ... This article is about weather phenomena. ... Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves (ca. ... York Hall is a government building on Yorktowns historic Main Street. ... Combatants France Britain Commanders Comte de Grasse Thomas Graves Strength 24 ships 19 ships Casualties none some ships damaged The Battle of the Chesapeake, also known as Battle of the Virginia Capes, was a crucial naval battle in the American Revolutionary War which took place near the mouth of Chesapeake...

When he returned to the West Indies, he was for a time in independent command owing to Rodney's absence in England. The French Admiral, the Comte de Grasse, attacked the British islands of St Kitts and Nevis with a much superior force to the squadron under Hood's command. The attempt Hood made in January 1782 to save them from capture, with 22 ships to 29, was not successful, but the series of bold movements by which he first turned the French out of their anchorage at the Basse Terre of St Kitts, and then beat off the attacks of the enemy, were the most brilliant things done by any British admiral during the war. Saint Kitts and Nevis is an island nation in the Caribbean. ... Nevis is an island in the Caribbean, whose name is derived from an original Spanish name given by Christopher Columbus, Nuestra Señora de las Nieves (somewhat counterintuitively, given its tropical location and climate, Our Lady of the Snows). Together with Saint Kitts it constitutes the Federation of Saint Kitts...

Later career

He was made an Irish peer for his share in the defeat of the comte de Grasse on the 9th and 12th of April near Dominica. During the peace he entered parliament as member for Westminster in the election of 1784, was promoted to vice-admiral in 1787, and in July of 1788 was appointed to the Board of Admiralty under the second Earl of Chatham. On the outbreak of the French Revolution, he was sent to the Mediterranean Sea as Commander-in-Chief. His period of command, which lasted from May 1793 to October 1794, was very busy. In August he occupied Toulon on the invitation of the French royalists, and in co-operation with the Spaniards. In December of the same year, the allies, who did not work harmoniously together, were driven out, mainly by the generalship of Napoleon. Hood now turned to the occupation of Corsica, which he had been invited to take in the name of the king of England by Paoli. The island was for a short time added to the dominions of George III, chiefly by the exertions of the fleet and the co-operation of Paoli. Westminster is a district within the City of Westminster in London. ... Liberty Leading the People, a painting by Delacroix commemorating the July Revolution of 1830 but which has come to be generally accepted as symbolic of French popular uprisings against the monarchy in general and the French Revolution in particular. ... Satellite image The Mediterranean Sea is a part of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land, on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. ... Location within France Coat of Arms of Toulon Toulon (Tolon in Provençal) is a city in southern France and a large military harbor on the Mediterranean coast, with a major French naval base. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Capital Ajaccio Land area¹ 8,680 km² President of the Executive Council Ange Santini (UMP) (since 2004) Population   - Jan. ... Pasquale Paoli (April 6, 1725 – February 5, 1807), was a Corsican patriot and military leader, most famous for being the chief rival of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. ... George III (George William Frederick) (4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. ...

While the occupation of Corsica was being effected, the French at Toulon had so far recovered that they were able to send a fleet to sea. In June Hood sailed in the hope of bringing it to action. The plan which he laid to attack it in the Golfe Jouan in June may possibly have served to some extent as an inspiration, if not as a model, to Nelson (who has been recorded as saying Hood was, "the greatest sea officer I ever knew.") for the Battle of the Nile, but the wind was unfavourable, and the attack could not be carried out. In October he was recalled to England in consequence of some misunderstanding with the admiralty or the ministry, which has never been explained. He had attained the rank of full admiral in April of 1794. He held no further command at sea, but in 1796 he was named governor of Greenwich Hospital, a post which he held till his death. A peerage of Great Britain was conferred on his wife as Baroness Hood of Catherington in 1795, and he was himself created Viscount Hood of Whitley in 1796. The titles descended to his son, Henry (1753-1836), the ancestor of the present Viscount Hood. There are several portraits of Lord Hood by Abbot in the Guildhall and in the National Portrait Gallery. He was also painted by Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Gainsborough. Lord Nelson Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (September 29, 1758 – October 21, 1805) was a British admiral who won fame as a leading naval commander. ... Combatants Britain France Commanders Horatio Nelson François-Paul Brueys DAigalliers Strength 14 ships of the line (thirteen 74-gun, one 50-gun) 13 ships of the line (one 120-gun, three 80-gun, nine 74-gun) and 4 frigates Casualties 218 killed 677 wounded 3 battleships burnt 9... The National Portrait Gallery is an art gallery in central London which was opened in 1856. ... Sir Joshua Reynolds Sir Joshua Reynolds (July 16, 1723–February 23, 1792) was the most important and influential of eighteenth-century English painters, specialising in portraits and promoting the Grand Style in painting which depended on idealization of the imperfect. ... Self-portrait, painted 1759 Blue boy, painted 1770 This article is about the artist Thomas Gainsborough. ...

Legacy

A biographical notice of Hood by McArthur, his secretary during the Mediterranean command, appeared in the Naval Chronicle, vol. ii. Charnock's Biogr. Nay. vi., Ralfe, Nav. Biog. i., may also be consulted. His correspondence during his command in America was published by the Navy Record Society. The history of his campaigns will be found in the historians of the wars in which he served: for the earlier years, Beatson's Naval and Military Memoirs; for the later, James's Naval History, vol. i., for the English side, and for the French, Troudes, Batailles navales de la France, ii. and iii., and Chevalier's Histoire de la marine française pendant Ia guerre de l'indépendance américaine and Pendant Ia République.

In 1792, Lieutenant William Broughton, sailing with the expedition of George Vancouver to the Northwest Coast of North America, named Mount Hood in present-day Oregon, and Hood's Channel in present-day Washington, for Hood. Two of the three ships of the Royal Navy named HMS Hood were named for him as well, including HMS Hood (51), sunk by the Bismarck in 1941 during World War II. William Robert Broughton was a British naval officer in the late 18th century. ... Captain George Vancouver A statue of George Vancouver outside of Vancouver City Hall. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Mount Hood is an active stratovolcano in northern Oregon, in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. ... Official language(s) None Capital Largest city Salem Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq. ... Hood Canal, despite its name, is a fjord off Puget Sound in the U.S. state of Washington, with an average width of 1. ... Official language(s) None Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Area  Ranked 18th  - Total 71,342 sq. ... Three ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Hood after members of the Hood family, which produced several notable Navy officers: The first Hood, launched in 1859 as Edgar, was a second-rate ship of the line of 91 guns. ... HMS Hood (pennant number 51) was a battlecruiser of the Royal Navy. ... The German battleship Bismarck is one of the most famous warships of the Second World War. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II...

The title Viscount Hood was created in 1796 in the Peerage of Great Britain. ...

See also

Several other members of the Hood family were notable officers of the Royal Navy: The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services being the oldest of its three branches. ...

• Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport, his brother, was also an Admiral.
• Samuel Hood (1705–1805), his cousin, was a purser.
• Sir Samuel Hood (1762–1814), his cousin once removed, was a Rear Admiral.
• Alexander Hood (1758–1798), brother of Sir Samuel Hood, was a captain.

The Oregon mountain Mount Hood is named after Samuel Hood. Portrait of Admiral Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport, by Lemuel Francis Abbott, painted 1795. ... Vice Admiral Sir Samuel Hood (1762 – 1814-12-24) was an officer of the Royal Navy and cousin once removed of the more famous Admiral Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood. ... A cousin chart identifies the correct name for the relationship between two people with a common ancestor. ... Captain Alexander Hood (April 23, 1758 – April 2, 1798) was an officer of the Royal Navy, one of several members of the Hood family to serve at sea. ... Official language(s) None Capital Largest city Salem Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq. ... Mount Hood is an active stratovolcano in northern Oregon, in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.