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Encyclopedia > Sandhill Crane
Sandhill Crane

Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Gruiformes
Family: Gruidae
Genus: Grus
Species: G. canadensis
Binomial name
Grus canadensis
(Linnaeus, 1758)

The Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) is a large crane of North America and extreme northeastern Siberia. They have the longest fossil history of any extant bird,[1] with a 10 million year-old specimen having been found whose structure is identical to the modern Sandhill Crane.[2] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 454 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2348 × 3102 pixel, file size: 1,015 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn3. ... Least Concern (LC) is an IUCN category assigned to extant species or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... “Aves” redirects here. ... Families †Gastornithidae Aramidae Psophiidae Rallidae Heliornithidae Rhynochetidae †Aptornithidae Eurypigidae Cariamidae Otidae Gruidae †Phorusrhacidae The diverse order Gruiformes contains about 12 bird families with, on first sight, little in common. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... It has been suggested that Western Siberia be merged into this article or section. ...


Adults are grey; they have a red forehead, white cheeks and a long dark pointed bill. They have long dark legs which trail behind in flight and a long neck that is kept straight in flight. Immature birds have reddish brown upperparts and grey underparts. The other large, grayish-bodied wader of North America is the Great Blue Heron. Although this heron is of similar dimensions to the sandhill and is sometimes given the misnomer "crane", it is extremely different in plumage, method of flight (it flies with its neck tucked towards the body instead of extended) and general structure. North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Binomial name Ardea herodias Linnaeus, 1758 The Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias, is a wading bird of the heron family Ardeidae, common all over North and Central America as well as the West Indies and the Galápagos, except in deserts and high mountains where there is no water for...


Size varies among the different races of Sandhill Cranes. A female of the race G. c. canadensis, or the Lesser Sandhill Crane averages 3.34 kg (7.4 lbs), 98 cm (39 in) in length and has a wingspan of 1.6 m (5.3 ft). A male of the race G. c. tabida or the Greater Sandhill Crane averages 5 kg (11 lbs), 119 cm (47 in) in length and has a wingspan of 2.12 m (7 ft). Both sexes look alike.


Their breeding habitat is marshes and bogs in central and northern Canada, Alaska, part of the midwestern and southeastern United States, Siberia and Cuba. They nest in marsh vegetation or on the ground close to water. The female lays two eggs on a mound of vegetation. Cranes mate for life; both parents feed the young, called colts, who are soon able to feed themselves. The Sandhill Crane does not breed until it is two to seven years old. It can live up to 25 years in the wild; in captivity they have been known to live more than twice that span. Mated pairs stay together year round, and migrate south as a group with their offspring. Official language(s) English[1] Spoken language(s) English 85. ... It has been suggested that Western Siberia be merged into this article or section. ... In most birds and reptiles, an egg (Latin ovum) is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum. ...


In Allensworth, California is the location of a 6,833 acre grassland and wetland habitats Pixley National Wildlife Refuge. Of great interest, thousands of Sandhill Cranes use this refuge each winter from November through March.[3] Allensworth is an unincorporated area in Tulare County, California, United States. ...

Flock of Sandhill Cranes in central Nebraska
Flock of Sandhill Cranes in central Nebraska

These birds forage while walking in shallow water or in fields, sometimes probing with their bills. They are omnivorous, eating insects, aquatic plants and animals, rodents, seeds and berries. Outside of the nesting season, they forage in large flocks, often in cultivated areas. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 326 pixelsFull resolution (2595 × 1058 pixel, file size: 792 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 326 pixelsFull resolution (2595 × 1058 pixel, file size: 792 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...


This crane frequently gives a loud trumpeting call that suggests a French-style "r" rolled in the throat. Sandhill Cranes in flight can be differentiated from herons in that they fly with their necks extended, and by their nearly constant calls.

Contents

Sandhills and Whooping Cranes

Sandhill Cranes have been used as foster parents for Whooping Crane eggs and young in reintroduction schemes for that species, a project which failed as these foster-raised Whooping Cranes did not recognise other Whooping Cranes as their conspecifics—attempting instead, unsuccessfully, to pair with Sandhills. Binomial name Grus americana Linnaeus, 1758 The Whooping Crane (Grus americana) is a very large and endangered crane. ...


Subspecies

Three subspecies are resident; pulla of the Gulf Coast of USA, pratensis of Florida and Georgia and nesiotes of Cuba. Others migrate to the southwestern United States south to Mexico. The Platte River at the edge of Nebraska's Sandhills in the American midwest is an important stopover for up to 450,000 of these birds during migration. This crane is a rare vagrant to China, South Korea and Japan and a very rare vagrant to western Europe. The Florida subspecies is often seen in residential yards and these birds seem little afraid of human approach. These visitors will eat shelled corn and commercially-purchased bird seed from the ground and from feeders. They may be seen in yards in north central Florida virtually year round, often in pairs or even pairs with a juvenile crane accompanying them. This article is about the zoological term. ... States that border the Gulf of Mexico are shown in red The Gulf Coast region of the United States comprises the coasts of states which border the Gulf of Mexico. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Largest metro area Miami Area  Ranked 22nd  - Total 65,795[1] sq mi (170,304[1] km²)  - Width 361 miles (582 km)  - Length 447 miles (721 km)  - % water 17. ... The Platte River, showing the North Platte and South Platte The Platte River is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 310 mi. ... Official language(s) English Capital Lincoln Largest city Omaha Largest metro area Omaha Area  Ranked 16th  - Total 77,421 sq mi (200,520 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 0. ... Sand Hills from space, September 2001 The Sand Hills are a 19,600 mi² (50,960 km²) region of mixed-grass prairie in north-central Nebraska, covering just over one-fourth of the state. ... The borders of Western Europe were largely defined by the Cold War. ...


There are six subspecies recognized:

  • Lesser Sandhill Crane (G. c. canadensis)
  • Greater Sandhill Crane (G. c. tabida)
  • Canadian Sandhill Crane (G. c. rowani)
  • Florida Sandhill Crane (G. c. pratensis)
  • Mississippi Sandhill Crane (G. c. pulla) Endangered
  • Cuban Sandhill Crane (G. c. nesiotes)

The Mississippi Sandhill Crane has become the first bird species to have a young hatched where an egg was fertilized by a sperm that was previously thawed out from a cryogenic state. This occurred at the Audobon Institute, and is meant to help remove this particular subspecies from the endangered list.


References

  1. ^ Diane Dufva Quantic, P. Jane Hafen. A Great Plains Reader, p. 84, University of Nebraska Press, (2003) - ISBN 0803238029
  2. ^ http://www.nature.org/animals/birds/animals/sandhill.html
  3. ^ Pixley National Wildlife Refuge

Sources

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ...

Gallery

Image:Sandhill Crane And Antelope.jpg


See also

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Othello Sand Hill Crane Festival Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Sandhill Crane - definition of Sandhill Crane in Encyclopedia (342 words)
The Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis, is a large crane.
Sandhill Cranes in flight can be differentiated from herons in that they fly with their necks extended and by their nearly constant calls.
Sandhill Cranes have been used as foster parents for Whooping Crane eggs and young in reintroduction schemes for that species, a project which failed as these foster-raised Whooping Cranes did not recognise other Whooping Cranes as their conspecifics—they wanted to pair with Sandhills, which didn't work out.
Sandhill Crane - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (462 words)
The sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) is a large crane of North America and extreme northeastern Siberia.
The Platte River at the edge of Nebraska's Sandhills in the American midwest is an important stopover for up to 450,000 of these birds during migration.
Sandhill Cranes have been used as foster parents for Whooping Crane eggs and young in reintroduction schemes for that species, a project which failed as these foster-raised Whooping Cranes did not recognise other Whooping Cranes as their conspecifics—attempting instead, unsuccessfully, to pair with Sandhills.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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