A view of downtown San Jose, the self-proclaimed "Capital of Silicon Valley."

Silicon Valley is the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California in the United States. The term originally referred to the region's large number of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers, but eventually came to refer to all the high-tech businesses in the area; it is now generally used as a metonym for the high-tech sector. Despite the development of other high-tech economic centers throughout the United States, Silicon Valley continues to be the leading high-tech hub because of its large number of engineers and venture capitalists. The Nintendo 64 ), often abbreviated as N64, was Nintendos third home video game console for the international market. ... Space Station Silicon Valley is a platform game released on October 01,1998 by Scottish developer DMA Design (now known as Rockstar North, creator of the Grand Theft Auto series). ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x352, 232 KB) Summary © Matthew Hendricks Photo of the San Jose skyline in 2006. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x352, 232 KB) Summary © Matthew Hendricks Photo of the San Jose skyline in 2006. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... The South Bay is a subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area, California, United States and is roughly synonymous with Silicon Valley and the Santa Clara Valley. ... USGS satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Northern California, sometimes referred to as NorCal, is the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Integrated circuit of Atmel Diopsis 740 System on Chip showing memory blocks, logic and input/output pads around the periphery Microchips with a transparent window, showing the integrated circuit inside. ... High tech refers to technology that is at the cutting-edge—the most advanced technology currently available. ... In rhetoric and cognitive linguistics, metonymy (in Greek meta = after/later and onoma = name) is the use of a single characteristic to identify a more complex entity. ... Venture capital is a general term to describe financing for startup and early stage businesses as well as businesses in turn around situations. ...

Geographically, "Silicon Valley" encompasses the northern part of Santa Clara Valley and adjacent communities in the southern parts of the San Francisco Peninsula and East Bay. It now reaches approximately from San Mateo (on the Peninsula) and the Fremont/Newark area in the East Bay down through San Jose, centered roughly on Sunnyvale. The Highway 17 corridor through the Santa Cruz Mountains into Scotts Valley and Santa Cruz in Santa Cruz County is sometimes considered a part of Silicon Valley. The Santa Clara Valley is a valley just south of the San Francisco Bay in northern California in the United States. ... USGS Satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... The East Bay, in the northern part of the U.S. state of California, lies on the east shores of the San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay, and includes Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. ... San Mateo is a city in San Mateo County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. ... For the unincorporated community in Yolo County, California, see Fremont, Yolo County, California. ... The city of Newark highlighted within Alameda County Newark is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Government  - Mayor Otto Lee Area  - City 22. ... JUNCTION POSTMILE I-880 SCL 13. ... Scotts Valley is an elite suburb community of Santa Cruz located in central, Santa Cruz County, California. ... For other uses, see Santa Cruz. ... Santa Cruz County is a county located on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California, just south of the San Francisco Bay Area, it forms the northern coast of the Monterey Bay. ...

Origin of the term

The term Silicon Valley was coined by Ralph Vaerst, a Northern California entrepreneur. His journalist friend, Don Hoefler, first published the term in 1971. He used it as the title of a series of articles "Silicon Valley USA" in a weekly trade newspaper Electronic News which started with the January 11, 1971 issue. Valley refers to the Santa Clara Valley, located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay, while Silicon refers to the high concentration of semiconductor and computer-related industries in the area. These and similar technology and electricity firms slowly replaced the orchards which gave the area its initial nickname, the Valley of Heart's Delight. Don C. Hoefler (c. ... Electronic News is the name of what is now an online publication that currently covers just the semiconductor production equipment industry. ... is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... The Santa Clara Valley is a valley just south of the San Francisco Bay in northern California in the United States. ... San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay, and the Golden Gate San Francisco Bay is a shallow, productive estuary through which water draining approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers from the Sierra Nevada mountains, enters the Pacific Ocean. ... Not to be confused with Silicone. ... A semiconductor is a solid whose electrical conductivity is in between that of a conductor and that of an insulator, and can be controlled over a wide range, either permanently or dynamically. ... This article is about the machine. ... A community apple orchard originally planted for productive use during the 1920s, in Westcliff on Sea (Essex, England) An orchard is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs maintained for food production. ...

History

Perhaps the strongest thread that runs through the Valley’s past and present is the drive to “play” with novel technology, which, when bolstered by an advanced engineering degree and channeled by astute management, has done much to create the industrial powerhouse we see in the Valley today. - Timothy J. Sturgeon, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Looking west over northern San Jose (downtown is at far left) and other parts of Silicon Valley

Since the early twentieth century, Silicon Valley has been home to a vibrant, growing electronics industry. The industry began through experimentation and innovation in the fields of radio, television, and military electronics. Stanford University, its affiliates, and graduates have played a major role in the evolution of this area. View looking west across Silicon Valley from South Rim Trail at Alum Rock Park. ... View looking west across Silicon Valley from South Rim Trail at Alum Rock Park. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... “Stanford” redirects here. ...

Roots in radio and military technology

The San Francisco Bay Area had long been a major site of U.S. Navy research and technology. In 1909, Charles Herrold started the first radio station in the United States with regularly scheduled programming in San Jose. [1] Later that year, Stanford University graduate Cyril Elwell purchased the U.S. patents for Poulsen arc radio transmission technology and founded the Federal Telegraph Corporation (FTC) in Palo Alto [2]. Over the next decade, the FTC created the world's first global radio communication system, and signed a contract with the U.S. Navy in 1912 [3]PDF (90.0 KiB). USGS satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... USN redirects here. ... Charles David Doc Herrold, (November 16, 1875 - 1948) was an American radio broadcasting pioneer. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... “Stanford” redirects here. ... // The arc converter, sometimes called the arc transmitter or Poulsen arc after its inventor Valdemar Poulsen, is a device used to convert DC energy into RF energy. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to...

In 1933, Air Base Sunnyvale, California was commissioned by the United States Government for the use as a Naval Air Station (NAS). The station was renamed NAS Moffett Field, and between 1933 and 1947, US Navy blimps were based here. [4] A number of technology firms had set up shop in the area around Moffett to serve the Navy. When the Navy gave up it's airship ambitions and moved most of its West Coast operations to San Diego ^{[citation needed]}, NACA (the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, forerunner of NASA) took over portions of Moffett for aeronautics research. Many of the original companies stayed, while new ones moved in. The immediate area was soon filled with aerospace firms such as Lockheed. Moffett Federal Airfield (IATA: NUQ, ICAO: KNUQ), also known as Moffett Field, is a private airport located 3 miles (5 km) north of Mountain View, in Santa Clara County, California, USA. The airport is near the south end of San Francisco Bay, north of San Jose. ... “San Diego” redirects here. ... NACA may mean: National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics National Association for Campus Activities [1] Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific, an industry association of shrimp farmers and other aquaculture industries. ... This article is about the American space agency. ... Six F-16 Fighting Falcons with the U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds aerial demonstration team fly in delta formation in front of the Empire State Building. ... Look up aerospace in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Lockheed SR-71 was remarkably advanced for its time and remains unsurpassed in many areas of performance. ...

Stanford Industrial Park

After World War II, universities were experiencing enormous demand due to returning students. To address the financial demands of Stanford's growth requirements, and to provide local employment opportunities for graduating students [5], Frederick Terman proposed the leasing of Stanford's lands for use as an office park [6], named the Stanford Industrial Park (later Stanford Research Park). Leases were limited to high technology companies. Its first tenant was Varian Associates, founded by Stanford alumni in the 1930s to build military radar components. However, Terman also found venture capital for civilian technology start-ups [7]. One of the major success stories was Hewlett-Packard. Founded in Packard's garage by Stanford graduates William Hewlett and David Packard, Hewlett-Packard moved its offices into the Stanford Research Park slightly after 1953 [8]. Frederick Emmons Terman (born June 7, 1900 in English, Indiana; died December 19, 1982) is widely credited (together with William Shockley) with being the father of Silicon Valley. ... Stanford Research Park stands on land on Palo Alto, California in the U.S. that is owned by Stanford University. ... Stanford Research Park stands on land on Palo Alto, California in the U.S. that is owned by Stanford University. ... Varian Associates was a company founded in 1948 by Russell and Sigurd Varian, William Hansen, and Edward Ginzton to sell the klystron, the first tube which could generate electromagnetic waves at microwave frequencies, and other electromagnetic equipment. ... Venture capital is a general term to describe financing for startup and early stage businesses as well as businesses in turn around situations. ... The Hewlett-Packard Company (NYSE: HPQ), commonly known as HP, is a very large, global company headquartered in Palo Alto, California, United States. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Hewlett-Packard. ... William Reddington Hewlett (May 20, 1913 – January 12, 2001) was the co-founder, with David Packard, of the Hewlett-Packard Company (HP). ... David Packard (September 7, 1912 – March 26, 1996) was a cofounder of Hewlett-Packard. ...

In 1954, Stanford created the Honors Cooperative Program to allow full-time employees of the companies to pursue graduate degrees from the University on a part-time basis. The initial companies signed five-year agreements in which they would pay double the tuition for each student in order to cover the costs.

Hewlett-Packard has become the largest personal computer manufacturer in the world [9], and transformed the home printing market when it released the first ink jet printer in 1984 [10]. In addition, the tenancy of Eastman Kodak and General Electric undoubtedly made Stanford Industrial Park a center of technology in the mid-1900's. [11]. Ink jet printers are the most common type of computer printer; and industry and commerce also use them extensively for special-purpose applications. ...

Silicon transistor

In 1953, William Shockley quit Bell Labs in a disagreement over the handling of the invention of the transistor. After divorcing his wife, and returning to California Institute of Technology for a short while, in 1956 Shockley moved to Mountain View, California and created Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory. Shockley, unlike many other researchers using germanium as the semiconductor material, believed that silicon was the better material for making transistors. Shockley intended to supersede the current transistor with a new three-element design (today known as the Shockley diode), but the design was considerably more difficult to build than the "simple" transistor. In 1957, Shockley decided to end research on the silicon transistor [12]. As a result, eight engineers left the company to form Fairchild Semiconductor. Two of the original employees of Fairchild Semiconductor, Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore, would go on to found Intel. William Bradford Shockley (February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was a British-born American physicist and inventor. ... Bell Laboratories (also known as Bell Labs and formerly known as AT&T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories) was the main research and development arm of the United States Bell System. ... Assorted discrete transistors A transistor is a semiconductor device, commonly used as an amplifier or an electrically controlled switch. ... The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech)[1] is a private, coeducational research university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ... For the community near Martinez, California, see Mountain View, Contra Costa County, California. ... Fairchild Semiconductor introduced the first commercially available integrated circuit (although at almost the same time as one from Texas Instruments), and would go on to become one of the major players in the evolution of Silicon Valley in the 1960s. ... General Name, Symbol, Number germanium, Ge, 32 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 14, 4, p Appearance grayish white Standard atomic weight 72. ... The Traitorous Eight at Fairchild Semiconductor in 1959. ... Fairchild Semiconductor introduced the first commercially available integrated circuit (although at almost the same time as one from Texas Instruments), and would go on to become one of the major players in the evolution of Silicon Valley in the 1960s. ... Robert Noyce Robert Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), nicknamed the Mayor of Silicon Valley, co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel in 1968. ... Gordon Earle Moore (b. ... Intel redirects here. ...

Venture capital firms

By the early 1970s there were many semiconductor companies in the area, computer firms using their devices, and programming and service companies serving both. Industrial space was plentiful and housing was still inexpensive. The growth was fueled by the emergence of the venture capital industry on Sand Hill Road, beginning with Kleiner Perkins in 1972; the availability of venture capital exploded after the successful $1.3 billion IPO of Apple Computer in December 1980. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... A semiconductor is a solid whose electrical conductivity is in between that of a conductor and that of an insulator, and can be controlled over a wide range, either permanently or dynamically. ... This article is about the machine. ... The Sand Hill Road freeway exit. ... Kleiner, Perkins, Caufield & Byers is a major Sand Hill Road venture capital firm in Silicon Valley. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Apple Inc. ...

The rise of software

Although semiconductors are still a major component of the area's economy, Silicon Valley has been most famous in recent years for innovations in software and Internet services. Silicon Valley has significantly influenced computer operating systems, software, and user interfaces. Computer software (or simply software) refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of a computer for some purpose. ...

Using money from NASA and the U.S. Air Force, Doug Engelbart invented the mouse and hypertext-based collaboration tools in the mid-1960s, while at Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International). When Engelbart's Augmentation Research Center declined in influence due to personal conflicts and the loss of government funding, Xerox hired some of Engelbart's best researchers. In turn, in the 1970s and 1980s, Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) played a pivotal role in object-oriented programming, graphical user interfaces (GUIs), Ethernet, PostScript, and laser printers. Seal of the Air Force. ... Dr. Douglas C. Engelbart (born January 30, 1925 in Oregon) is an American inventor of Norwegian descent. ... Operating a mechanical 1: Pulling the mouse turns the ball. ... SRI International is one of the worlds largest contract research institutions. ... Stanford Research Institutes Augmentation Research Center (ARC) was founded by electrical engineer Douglas Engelbart to develop and experiment with new tools and techniques for collaboration and information processing. ... Xerox Corporation (NYSE: XRX) (name pronounced ) is a global document management company, which manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction systems, photo copiers, digital production printing presses, and related consulting services and supplies. ... Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) was a flagship research division of the Xerox Corporation, based in Palo Alto, California, USA. It was founded in 1970 and spun out as a separate company in 2002. ... Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a computer programming paradigm in which a software system is modeled as a set of objects that interact with each other. ... A graphical user interface (or GUI, pronounced gooey) is a method of interacting with a computer through a metaphor of direct manipulation of graphical images and widgets in addition to text. ... Ethernet is a large, diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies that operate at many speeds for local area networks (LANs). ... For the literary term, see Postscript. ... A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that produces good quality printing, and is able to produce text and graphics. ...

While Xerox marketed equipment using its technologies, for the most part its technologies flourished elsewhere. The diaspora of Xerox inventions led directly to 3Com and Adobe Systems, and indirectly to Cisco, Apple Computer and Microsoft. Apple's Macintosh GUI was largely a result of Steve Jobs' visit to PARC and the subsequent hiring of key personnel.^{[citation needed]} Microsoft's Windows GUI is based on Apple's work, more or less directly.^{[citation needed]} Cisco's impetus stemmed from the need to route a variety of protocols over Stanford's campus Ethernet. 3Com (NASDAQ: COMS) is a manufacturer best known for its computer network infrastructure products. ... Adobe Systems (pronounced a-DOE-bee IPA: ) (NASDAQ: ADBE) (LSE: ABS) is an American computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, USA. Adobe was founded in December 1982[1] by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell... Cisco may refer to: Cisco Systems, a computer networking company Cisco IOS, an internet router operating system CISCO Security Private Limited, a security company in Singapore Commercial and Industrial Security Corporation, a statutory board in Singapore Abbreviation for San Francisco, California Cisco (wine) The Cisco Kid, a fictional character created... Apple Inc. ... Microsoft Corporation, (NASDAQ: MSFT, HKSE: 4338) is a multinational computer technology corporation with global annual revenue of US$44. ... The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ... Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is the co-founder and CEO of Apple and was the CEO of Pixar until its acquisition by Disney. ...

Internet bubble

Silicon Valley is generally considered to have been the center of the dot-com bubble which started in the mid-1990s and collapsed after the NASDAQ stock market began to decline dramatically in April of 2000. During the bubble era, real estate prices reached unprecedented levels. For a brief time, Sand Hill Road was home to the most expensive commercial real estate in the world, and the booming economy resulted in severe traffic congestion. The dot-com bubble was a speculative bubble covering roughly 1995–2001 during which stock markets in Western nations saw their value increase rapidly from growth in the new Internet sector and related fields. ... The Sand Hill Road freeway exit. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ...

Even after the dot-com crash, Silicon Valley continues to maintain its status as one of the top research and development centers in the world. A 2006 Wall Street Journal story found that 13 of the 20 most inventive towns in America were in California, and 10 of those were in Silicon Valley. ^[1] San Jose led the list with 3,867 utility patents filed in 2005, and number two was Sunnyvale, at 1,881 utility patents.^[2] The Wall Street Journal is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with an average daily circulation of 1,800,607 (2002). ...

Economy

Notable companies

See also: Category:Companies based in Silicon Valley

Thousands of high technology companies are headquartered either in or near Silicon Valley; among those, the following are in the Fortune 1000: High tech refers to technology that is at the cutting-edge—the most advanced technology currently available. ... Fortune 1000 is a reference to a list maintained by the American business magazine Fortune. ...

Adobe Systems

Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)

Apple Inc.

eBay

Google

Hewlett Packard

Intel's headquarters, the Robert Noyce building

Intuit

Oracle

Yahoo!

• Adobe Systems
• Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)
• Agilent Technologies
• Apple Inc.
• Applied Materials
• Cisco Systems
• eBay
• Electronic Arts
• Google
• Hewlett-Packard
• Intel
• Intuit
• Juniper Networks
• LSI Logic
• Maxtor
• National Semiconductor
• Network Appliance
• NVIDIA Corporation
• Oracle Corporation
• SanDisk
• Solectron
• Sun Microsystems
• Symantec
• Xilinx
• Yahoo!

Additional notable companies headquartered (or with a significant presence) in Silicon Valley include (some defunct or subsumed): Headquarters of Adobe Systems in Downtown San Jose, California. ... Headquarters of Adobe Systems in Downtown San Jose, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1503x868, 253 KB)[edit] Summary The headquarters of AMD in Sunnyvale, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1503x868, 253 KB)[edit] Summary The headquarters of AMD in Sunnyvale, California. ... Image File history File links Apple Computer headquarters complex, Building 1, 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, California. ... Image File history File links Apple Computer headquarters complex, Building 1, 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1365x926, 386 KB) Summary The headquarters of eBay in San Jose, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1365x926, 386 KB) Summary The headquarters of eBay in San Jose, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1279x801, 200 KB) Summary The south side of the Googleplex building in Mountain View, California, as seen from Charleston Road. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1279x801, 200 KB) Summary The south side of the Googleplex building in Mountain View, California, as seen from Charleston Road. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1410x971, 288 KB)[edit] Summary The headquarters of the Hewlett-Packard Company at 3000 Hanover Street in Palo Alto, California. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1410x971, 288 KB)[edit] Summary The headquarters of the Hewlett-Packard Company at 3000 Hanover Street in Palo Alto, California. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 551 pixel Image in higher resolution (1427 × 982 pixel, file size: 329 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The headquarters of Intel Corporation in Santa Clara, California. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 551 pixel Image in higher resolution (1427 × 982 pixel, file size: 329 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The headquarters of Intel Corporation in Santa Clara, California. ... Robert Noyce Robert Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), nicknamed the Mayor of Silicon Valley, co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel in 1968. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1381x967, 361 KB) The headquarters of Intuit Inc. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1381x967, 361 KB) The headquarters of Intuit Inc. ... Oracle Corporation world HQ File links The following pages link to this file: Oracle Corporation ... Oracle Corporation world HQ File links The following pages link to this file: Oracle Corporation ... Image File history File links Headquarters of Yahoo! next to Mathilda Avenue in Sunnyvale, California. ... Image File history File links Headquarters of Yahoo! next to Mathilda Avenue in Sunnyvale, California. ... Adobe Systems (pronounced a-DOE-bee IPA: ) (NASDAQ: ADBE) (LSE: ABS) is an American computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, USA. Adobe was founded in December 1982[1] by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell... “AMD” redirects here. ... Agilent Technologies (NYSE: A) (Agilent for short) is a measurement and instrument company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. ... Apple Inc. ... Applied Materials, Inc. ... “Cisco” redirects here. ... eBay headquarters in San Jose eBay North First Street satellite office campus (home to PayPal) eBay Inc. ... Electronic Arts (EA) (NASDAQ: ERTS) is an American developer, marketer, publisher, and distributor of computer and video games. ... This article is about the corporation. ... The Hewlett-Packard Company (NYSE: HPQ), commonly known as HP, is a very large, global company headquartered in Palo Alto, California, United States. ... Intel redirects here. ... Intuit Inc. ... Juniper Networks NASDAQ: JNPR is a telecommunications equipment company. ... LSI Logic was founded in Milpitas, CA by Wilfred Corrigan in 1981 after he left an executive position with Fairchild Semiconductor. ... Maxtor Corporation was an American manufacturer of computer hard disk drives founded in 1982 and acquired by Seagate in 2006. ... Categories: Electronics companies of the United States | Companies based in California | Corporation stubs ... Network Appliance, Inc. ... NVIDIA Corporation (NASDAQ: NVDA) is a major supplier of graphics processors (graphics processing units, GPUs), graphics cards, and media and communications devices for PCs and game consoles (Xbox). ... Oracle Corporation (NASDAQ: ORCL) is one of the major companies developing database management systems (DBMS), tools for database development, middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning software (ERP), customer relationship management software (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM) software. ... SanDisk Corporation (NASDAQ: SNDK), formerly SunDisk, is an American multinational corporation which designs and markets flash memory card products. ... Solectron headquarters in Milpitas Solectron Corporation (NYSE: SLR), is a global electronics manufacturing company for original equipment manufacturer (OEMs). ... Sun Microsystems, Inc. ... Symantec Corporation NASDAQ: SYMC, founded in 1982, is an international corporation which sells computer software, particularly in the realms of security and information management. ... Xilinx, Inc. ... “Yahoo” redirects here. ...

• 3Com (headquartered in Marlborough, Massachusetts)
• Adaptec
• Amdahl
• Aricent
• Atari
• Atmel
• Cypress Semiconductor
• Computer Literacy Bookstore
• Foundry Networks
• Fujitsu (headquartered in Tokyo, Japan)
• Gaia Online
• Hitachi Global Storage Technologies
• Knight-Ridder (acquired by The McClatchy Company)
• McAfee
• Memorex (acquired by Imation and moved to Cerritos, California)
• Netscape (acquired by AOL)
• NeXT Computer, Inc. (acquired by Apple)
• Nintendo
• OPPO
• Palm, Inc.
• PalmSource, Inc. (acquired by ACCESS)
• PayPal (now part of eBay)
• Rambus
• Redback Networks
• SAP AG (headquartered in Walldorf, Germany)
• Silicon Graphics
• Sony
• Tesla Motors
• Tellme Networks
• TiVo
• VA Software (Slashdot)
• WebEx
• VeriSign
• Veritas Software (acquired by Symantec)
• VMware (acquired by EMC)
• YouTube

Silicon Valley is also home to the high-tech superstore retail chain Fry's Electronics. 3Com (NASDAQ: COMS) is a manufacturer best known for its computer network infrastructure products. ... Adaptec, Inc. ... Amdahl Corporation was founded by Dr. Gene Amdahl, a former IBM employee, in 1970, and specializes in IBM mainframe-compatible computer products. ... Aricent is a communications software company, offering a portfolio of software services and products for the communications industry (wireline, wireless, cable and satellite). ... This article is about a corporate game company. ... Atmel ATMEGA32 microcontroller Atmel AT90S2333 microcontroller Atmel Corporation (NASDAQ: ATML) is a manufacturer of semiconductors, founded in 1984. ... Cypress Semiconductor began operations in 1982 and listed publicly in 1986. ... The first Computer Literacy bookstore opened near Lakeside Drive and Titan Way in Sunnyvale, California. ... Foundry Networks is a network system vendor selling high-end managed ethernet switches. ... For the district in Saga, Japan, see Fujitsu, Saga. ... Gaia Online is an anime-themed forums-based website. ... Hitachi Global Storage Technologies is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hitachi, Ltd. ... Partial list of newspapers The following is a partial list of newspapers owned by Knight Ridder: Contra Costa Times Detroit Free Press Kansas City Star The Miami Herald Philadelphia Inquirer Saint Paul Pioneer Press San Jose Mercury News The State External link Knight Ridder corporate website Categories: Companies traded on... The McClatchy Company NYSE: MNI is an American publishing company based in Sacramento, California, that operates a number of newspapers and websites. ... McAfee, Inc. ... Established in 1961 in Silicon Valley, Memorex is today a consumer electronics brand of Imation specializing in recordable media (CD & DVD Drives), travel drives, flash storage, computer accessories and other electronics. ... An Imation USB Flash Drive and CD-R Imation Corporation NYSE: IMN is an American corporation spun off from 3M, with a worldwide presence that produces mainly data storage products. ... City nicknames: The Geographic Center of Southern California The Freeway City County: Los Angeles County, California Mayor: Paul W. Bowlen (re-elected 2003) Mayor Pro Tem: Laura Lee (elected 2003) City Council: Jim Edwards (elected 2005) Gloria A. Kappe (re-elected 2003) John F. Crawley (re-elected 2005) Mottos: A... Netscape Communications Corporation was the publisher of the Netscape Navigator web browser as well as many other internet and intranet client and server software products. ... For other uses, see AOL (disambiguation). ... For other meanings, see Next. ... Apple Inc. ... Nintendo Company, Limited (任天堂 or ニンテンドー Nintendō; NASDAQ: NTDOY, TYO: 7974 usually referred to as simply Nintendo, or Big N ) is a multinational corporation founded on September 23, 1889[1] in Kyoto, Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards. ... Opposition research often referred to as oppo is the section of an election campaign designed to investigate the life and record of the opposing candidate. ... Palm, Inc. ... PalmSources Logo PalmSource, Inc. ... ACCESS Co. ... eBay North First Street satellite office campus (home to PayPal) PayPal is an e-commerce business allowing payments and money transfers to be made through the Internet. ... eBay headquarters in San Jose eBay North First Street satellite office campus (home to PayPal) eBay Inc. ... This article is about the company. ... Redback Networks, Inc. ... SAP AG (ISIN: DE0007164600, FWB: SAP, NYSE: SAP) is the largest European software enterprise and the third largest in the world, with headquarters in Walldorf, Germany. ... Silicon Graphics, Inc. ... Sony Corporation ) is a Japanese multinational corporation and one of the worlds largest media conglomerates with revenue of $66. ... Tesla Motors, Inc. ... Tellme Networks is a company based out of Mountain View, California that specializes in telephone-based applications. ... TiVo (pronounced tee-voh, IPA: ) is a popular brand of digital video recorder (DVR) in the United States. ... LNUX stock price (09-Dec-1999 through 09-Dec-2000) VA Software Corporation (NASDAQ: LNUX), formerly VA Linux Systems, is the provider of the SourceForge Development Intelligence application. ... Slashdot, often abbreviated as /.[1], is a science, science fiction, and technology-related news website owned by SourceForge, Inc. ... WebEx Communications Inc. ... VeriSign, Inc. ... VERITAS Software Corp. ... Symantec Corporation NASDAQ: SYMC, founded in 1982, is an international corporation which sells computer software, particularly in the realms of security and information management. ... VMware Inc. ... EMC Corporation (NYSE: EMC) is an American manufacturer of software and systems for information management and storage. ... YouTube is a popular video sharing website where users can upload, view and share video clips. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Big-box store. ... Frys Electronics is a specialty retailer of software, consumer electronics, computer hardware and household appliances with a chain of superstores headquartered in Silicon Valley. ...

Universities

• Northwestern Polytechnic University (Fremont)
• Carnegie Mellon University (West Coast Campus)
• San José State University
• Santa Clara University
• Stanford University

Technically the following universities are not located in Silicon Valley, but have been important sources of research and new graduates: Northwestern Polytechnic University (NPU) is a private institution of higher education accredited to award bachelors and masters degrees in science, technology and management. ... Carnegie Mellon West Title Logo Carnegie Mellon West is a branch campus of Carnegie Mellon University located in the heart of Silicon Valley in Mountain View, CA. It was established in 2002[1] on NASAs Ames Research Center in Moffett Field. ... San José State University, commonly shortened to San José State and SJSU, is the founding campus of what became the California State University system. ... The Santa Clara Mission is a notable on-campus landmark. ... “Stanford” redirects here. ...

• University of California, Berkeley
• University of California, Davis
• California State University, East Bay
• University of California, Santa Cruz
• Monterey Institute of International Studies - Fisher Graduate School of International Business

Sather tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and Mount Tamalpais. ... The University of California, Davis, commonly known as UC Davis, is one of the ten campuses of the University of California, and was established as the University Farm in 1905. ... California State University, East Bay (also known as CSUEB, Cal State East Bay, and formerly known as California State University, Hayward) is a campus of the California State University system. ... “UCSC” redirects here. ... The Monterey Institute of International Studies (its acronym is MIIS) is a graduate school in Monterey, California, United States, that specializes in programs in international relations, international business, and translation and interpretation. ...

Cities

A number of cities are located in Silicon Valley (in alphabetical order):

• Campbell
• Cupertino
• East Palo Alto
• Fremont
• Los Altos
• Los Altos Hills
• Los Gatos
• Menlo Park
• Mountain View
• Milpitas
• Palo Alto
• San Jose
• Santa Clara
• Saratoga
• Sunnyvale

Cities sometimes associated with the region: Campbell is a city located in Santa Clara County, California, part of Silicon Valley. ... Location of Cupertino within Santa Clara County, California. ... East Palo Alto (often called EPA) is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States. ... For the unincorporated community in Yolo County, California, see Fremont, Yolo County, California. ... Los Altos (IPA: ) is a city at the southern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, in the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Los Altos Hills (IPA: ) is a town in Santa Clara County, California, United States. ... Los Gatos is an incorporated town in Santa Clara County, California, United States. ... Menlo Park is a city in San Mateo County, California in the United States of America. ... For the community near Martinez, California, see Mountain View, Contra Costa County, California. ... Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California Country State County Santa Clara Government  - Mayor Jose Joe Esteves Area  - City 13. ... Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Government  - Mayor Yoriko Kishimoto[1] Area  - City 25. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... Location of Santa Clara within Santa Clara County, California. ... Saratoga (IPA: ) is a city in Santa Clara County, California, USA. It is located on the west side of the Santa Clara Valley, in the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Government  - Mayor Otto Lee Area  - City 22. ...

• Redwood City (home to Oracle and PDI/DreamWorks)
• San Mateo

Redwood City is a suburb located on the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. ... San Mateo is a city in San Mateo County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. ...

See also

• List of technology centers around the US and the world
• List of research parks around the US and the world
• List of places with 'Silicon' names
• Pirates of Silicon Valley
• Science park

This is a list of technology centers throughout the india , United States and around the world. ... The following is a list of science parks, research parks, technology parks and biomedical parks of the world, organized by continent. ... The following is a list of places with Silicon names, that is, places whose names were (or seemed to be) inspired by the Silicon Valley nickname given to part of the San Francisco Bay Area: Brazilian Silicon Valley - Campinas, Brazil Cwm Silicon - Wales Mexican Silicon Valley - Jalisco, Mexico Silicon Valley... Pirates of Silicon Valley (1999) is an unauthorized made-for-television docudrama written and directed by Martyn Burke. ... A science park is a property development designed for a concentration of high tech or science related businesses. ...

Further reading

• Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution by Steven Levy, Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday (1984)
• Behind the Silicon Curtain: The Seductions of Work in a Lonely Era, Dennis Hayes, London: Free Association Books (1989)
• Silicon Valley, Inc.: Ruminations on the Demise of a Unique Culture, The San Jose Mercury News (1997)
• Cultures@Silicon Valley, J. A. English-Lueck, Stanford: Stanford University Press (2002)
• The Silicon Valley of Dreams: Environmental Injustice, Immigrant Workers, and the High-Tech Global Economy, David Naguib Pellow and Lisa Sun-Hee Park, New York University Press (2003)
• What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry, John Markoff, Viking (2005)
• Silicon Follies: A Dot. Comedy, Thomas Scoville, Pocket Books (2000)
• The Silicon Boys: And Their Valleys Of Dreams, David A. Kaplan, Harper Perinneal (April 2000), ISBN 0-688-17906-1
• Cities of knowledge: Cold War science and the search for the next Silicon Valley, Margaret Pugh O’Mara, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, (2005)
• Accidental Empires: How the boys of Silicon Valley make their millions, battle foreign competition, and still can't get a date, Robert X. Cringely, Addison-Wesley Publishing, (1992), ISBN 0-201-57032-7

Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (ISBN 0385191952) is a book by Steven Levy about the hacker culture. ... Steven Levy Steven Levy (born 1951) is an American journalist who has written several books on computers, technology, cryptography, the Internet, cybersecurity, and privacy. ...

References

External links

San Francisco Bay Area Portal

• How Silicon Valley Came to BePDF (90.0 KiB)
• California's Historic Silicon Valley
• Reference about Don Hoefler
• Website focused on Silicon Valley news, backed by the San Jose Mercury News
• Silicon Valley 150 for beginning of 2004 as a PDF filePDF
• The Silicon Valley Cultures Project
• Stanford Linear Accelerator center
• Growth of a Silicon Empire by Henry Norr published at the end of 1999 in the San Francisco Chronicle
• Douglas Engelbart
• Red tile roofs in Bangalore: Stanford's look copied in Silicon Valley and beyond

	v • d • e State of California Sacramento (capital)
Topics	Climate | Culture | Districts | Economy | Elections | Geography | Government | Early History | Modern History | Politics | Californians Image File history File links Portal. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... The Mercs sections vary by day of the week, but Business, Sports, and The Valley are standard daily fare. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_California. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... “Sacramento” redirects here. ... Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, site of first U.S. capital. ... Greetings from California, vintage large-letter postcard. ... The culture of California is a Western culture and most clearly has its roots in the culture of the United States. ... There are several different types of districts in California. ... The number of elections in California varies by year. ... Californias Yosemite Valley. ... This article continues the history of California in the years 1900 and later; for events through 1899, see History of California to 1899. ... The recent and current politics of the U.S. state of California are complex and involve a number of entrenched interests. ... This is a partial list of well-known people from California. ...
Regions	Antelope Valley | Big Sur | Cascade Range | Central Coast | Central Valley | Channel Islands | Coachella Valley | Conejo Valley | Cucamonga Valley | Death Valley | East Bay (SF) | Eastern California | Emerald Triangle | Gold Country | Great Basin | Greater Los Angeles | Inland Empire | Lake Tahoe | Los Angeles Basin | Mojave | North Bay (SF) | North Coast | Northern California | Owens Valley | The Peninsula | Pomona Valley | Redwood Empire | Russian River | Sacramento Valley | San Fernando Valley | San Francisco Bay Area | San Joaquin Valley | Santa Clara Valley | Santa Clarita Valley | Shasta Cascade | Sierra Nevada | Silicon Valley | South Bay (SF) | Southern California | Tech Coast | Tri‑Valley | Wine Country | Yosemite This list of regions of the United States includes official (governmental) and non-official areas within the borders of the United States, not including U.S. states, the federal district of Washington, D.C. or standard subentities such as cities or counties. ... A truck passes eastbound along the busy Highway 58 through the Antelope Valley. ... Map of Big Sur Big Sur is a sparsely populated region of the central California coast where the Santa Lucia Mountains rise abruptly from the Pacific Ocean. ... “Cascades” redirects here. ... The Central Coast is an area of California, United States, extending from Santa Cruz in the north to Santa Barbara in the south, but centering primarily on Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties. ... This article is about Californias Central Valley. ... The Channel Islands of California, also called the Santa Barbara Islands, are a chain of eight islands located in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Southern California along the Santa Barbara Channel in the United States of America. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Conejo Valley is a region spanning both Southeastern Ventura County and Northwestern Los Angeles County in Southern California. ... The Cucamonga Valley is a region between the Los Angeles and San Bernardino areas, in San Bernardino County and Riverside County, of California, USA. It is located east of the Pomona Valley and it is a major site of wine production. ... For other uses, see Death Valley (disambiguation). ... A satellite image of the East Bay The East Bay is a subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area, California, United States and is comprised of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. ... Eastern California is not a well-defined term. ... The Emerald Triangle is a collection of three counties in Northern California, consisting of Mendocino, Humboldt, and Trinity. ... Gold Country (also Mother Lode Country) is a region of northeastern California famed for the mines and mineral deposits which so famously brought the 49ers west for the California Gold Rush. ... Drainage map showing the Great Basin in orange Various Definitions of the Great Basin (NPS) The Great Basin is a large, arid region of the western United States. ... The Greater Los Angeles Area, or the Southland, is the agglomeration of urbanized area around the city of Los Angeles, California, United States. ... The Inland Empire and its regions within The Inland Empire refers to the region in Southern California located in Riverside and San Bernardino Counties in the United States. ... Lake Tahoe is a large freshwater lake in the Sierra Nevada mountains of the United States. ... The Los Angeles Basin is the coastal sediment-filled plain located between the peninsular and transverse ranges in southern California in the United States containing the central part of the city of Los Angeles. ... For the indigenous American tribe, see Mohave. ... San Francisco is in the foreground in this picture looking north. ... The North Coast of the U.S. state of California is a mostly rural coastline on the Pacific Ocean stretching from the city of San Francisco to the border of Oregon characterized by cliffs, hills, and tide pools. ... Northern California, sometimes referred to as NorCal, is the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. ... Owens Valley is the arid ranching valley of the Owens River in southeastern California in the United States. ... USGS Satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... The Pomona Valley, a part of the Inland Empire (the Pomona Valley is its own georgraphical area, and should not be bundled in with the Inland Empire. ... The Redwood Empire (also Redwood Coast or North Coast) is a region of California that stretches from San Francisco and the Golden Gate Bridge to the Oregon coast. ... The Russian River downstream of Duncans Mills The Russian River rises in the coastal mountains of Mendocino County, north of Ukiah, in Northern California. ... The Sacramento Valley is the portion of the California Central Valley that lies to the north of the San Joaquin-Sacramento Delta. ... San Fernando Valley from its southwestern edge. ... USGS satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Santa Clara Valley is a valley just south of the San Francisco Bay in northern California in the United States. ... The Santa Clarita Valley is the valley of the Santa Clara River in Southern California. ... The Shasta Cascade region of California is located in the northeastern and north-central sections of the state bordering Oregon and Nevada, north of the Central Valley and the Sierra Nevada mountain range. ... This article is about the mountain range in the Western United States. ... The South Bay is a subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area, California, United States and is roughly synonymous with Silicon Valley and the Santa Clara Valley. ... This article is about the region of Southern California. ... Tech Coast is the nickname given to the Southern California region extending from Santa Barbara in the north to San Diego in the south. ... The Tri-Valley region of California is based around the San Francisco Bay Area cities of Pleasanton, Livermore, Dublin and San Ramon in the three valleys from which it takes its name: Amador Valley, Livermore Valley and San Ramon Valley. ... Vineyard on Sonoma Mountain with background of the Mayacamas Mountains Wine Country is a region of Northern California in the United States that is known world-wide[1] as a premium wine-growing region since the mid-19th century. ... Yosemite National Park (pronounced Yo-SEM-it-ee, IPA: ) is a national park located largely in Mariposa and Tuolumne Counties, California, United States. ...
Metro areas	Bakersfield | Chico | El Centro | Fresno | Los Angeles–Long Beach–Glendale | Madera | Modesto | Merced | Napa | Oakland–Fremont–Hayward | Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura | Redding | Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario | Sacramento–Roseville | Salinas | San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos | San Francisco–San Mateo–Redwood City | San Jose–Sunnyvale–Santa Clara | Santa Ana–Anaheim–Irvine | Santa Barbara–Santa Maria | Santa Cruz–Watsonville | Santa Rosa–Petaluma | Stockton | Vallejo–Fairfield | Visalia–Porterville | Yuba City In the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has produced a formal definition of metropolitan areas. ... Nickname: Location of Bakersfield, California Coordinates: , Country United States State California County Kern County Founded 1869 Government  - Mayor Harvey Hall Area  - City  131 sq mi (339. ... Nickname: Location of Chico in California Coordinates: , Country State County Settled 1843 Founded 1860 Incorporated January 8, 1872 Government  - Mayor Andrew Holcombe  - City Council Scott Gruendl Steve Bertagna Larry Wahl Ann Schwab Mary Flynn Tom Nickell  - City Manager Area  - City 71. ... El Centro is the county seat of Imperial County, California, United States. ... “Fresno” redirects here. ... Nickname: Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: , State County Settled 1781 Incorporated April 4, 1850 Government  - Type Mayor-Council  - Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa  - City Attorney Rocky Delgadillo  - Governing body City Council Area  - City  498. ... Nickname: Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Los Angeles County Government  - Mayor Bob Foster Area  - City  65. ... Nickname: Location of Glendale within Los Angeles County and the State of California. ... Madera is the county seat of Madera County, California. ... Modesto is the county seat of Stanislaus County in the U.S. state of California. ... Merced (pronounced Mer-SED), is the county seat of Merced County, California in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California. ... Napa is the county seat of Napa County, California. ... “Oakland” redirects here. ... For the unincorporated community in Yolo County, California, see Fremont, Yolo County, California. ... Hayward is a city located in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area in Alameda County. ... Nickname: Location in Ventura County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country United States State California County Ventura County Government  - Mayor Dr. Thomas E. Holden Area  - City  36. ... Location in Ventura County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Ventura Settled 1875 Incorporated September 29, 1964 Government  - Type Council-Manager  - Mayor Andrew P. Fox  - City manager Scott Mitnick Area [1]  - City  55. ... Coordinates: Country United States State California County Ventura Mayor Carl Morehouse Area    - City 84. ... Nickname: Location Redding in Shasta County, California Coordinates: , Country State County Settled 1873 Incorporated October 4, 1887 Government  - Mayor Dick Dickerson  - City Council Rick Bosetti Ken Murray Patrick H. Jones  - City Manager Kurt Startman Area  - City 154. ... Nickname: Location in the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Riverside Government  - Mayor Ron Loveridge Area  - City  78. ... San Bernardino is the county seat of San Bernardino County, California, United States. ... Ontario is a city located in San Bernardino County, California, United States. ... “Sacramento” redirects here. ... Location in Placer County Coordinates: , County Incorporated April 10, 1909 Government  - Mayor Jim Gray[1] Area  - City 79. ... Nickname: Location of Salinas, California Country State County Monterey Government  - Mayor Dennis Donohue Area  - City 19 sq mi (49. ... “San Diego” redirects here. ... Location of Carlsbad within San Diego County, California. ... San Marcos is a city located in the northern portion of San Diego County, California, USA. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 54,977. ... “San Francisco” redirects here. ... San Mateo is a city in San Mateo County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Redwood City is a suburb located on the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. ... For other uses, see San José. Nickname: Location of San Jose within Santa Clara County, California. ... Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County Santa Clara Government  - Mayor Otto Lee Area  - City 22. ... Location of Santa Clara within Santa Clara County, California. ... Location of Santa Ana within Orange County, California. ... “Anaheim” redirects here. ... Motto: Innovation. ... Nickname: Location in Santa Barbara County and the state of California Coordinates: , County Government  - Mayor Marty Blum Area  - City 111. ... Santa Maria is the largest city in Santa Barbara County, California. ... For other uses, see Santa Cruz. ... Watsonville is a city in Santa Cruz County, California, United States. ... Location in Sonoma County and the state of California Country State County Sonoma Area  - City 40. ... Aerial view of Petaluma, California. ... Nickname: Motto: Stocktons Great, Take A Look! Location in San Joaquin County and the state of California Coordinates: , Country State County San Joaquin County Incorporated 1850 Government  - Mayor Edward J. Chavez  - City Manager J. Gordon Palmer, Jr. ... Vallejo (pronounced IPA: in English; in the original Spanish) is a city in Solano County, California, United States. ... The Welcome to Fairfield roadside sign Fairfield Courthouse Fairfield is a city located northeast of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California, USA. it is approximately 45 miles from both San Francisco and Sacramento. ... Visalia is a Central California city situated in the heart of California’s agricultural San Joaquin Valley, approximately 230 miles southeast of San Francisco and 190 miles north of Los Angeles. ... Porterville is a city in Tulare County, California, United States. ... Town Square located in downtown Yuba City. ...
Counties	Alameda | Alpine | Amador | Butte | Calaveras | Colusa | Contra Costa | Del Norte | El Dorado | Fresno | Glenn | Humboldt | Imperial | Inyo | Kern | Kings | Lake | Lassen | Los Angeles | Madera | Marin | Mariposa | Mendocino | Merced | Modoc | Mono | Monterey | Napa | Nevada | Orange | Placer | Plumas | Riverside | Sacramento | San Benito | San Bernardino | San Diego | San Francisco | San Joaquin | San Luis Obispo | San Mateo | Santa Barbara | Santa Clara | Santa Cruz | Shasta | Sierra | Siskiyou | Solano | Sonoma | Stanislaus | Sutter | Tehama | Trinity | Tulare | Tuolumne | Ventura | Yolo | Yuba The U.S. state of California is divided into 58 counties. ... Official website: http://www. ... Alpine County is the smallest county, by population, in the U.S. state of California. ... jay is gay Amador County is a county located in the Sierra Nevada of the U.S. state of California. ... Butte County is a county located in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California, north of state capital Sacramento. ... Calaveras County is a county located in the Gold Country of the U.S. state of California. ... Colusa County is a county located in Californias Central Valley, northwest of Sacramento. ... Contra Costa County is a suburban county in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. ... Del Norte County is the northwesternmost county in the U.S. state of California, located on the Pacific coast south of Oregon. ... El Dorado County is a county located in the Gold Country of the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. ... Fresno County is a county located in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California, south of Stockton and north of Bakersfield. ... Glenn County is a county located in the California Central Valley north of Sacramento County. ... Humboldt County is a county located on the northwest coast of the U.S. state of California, on the Pacific Ocean. ... Imperial County is a county located in the Imperial Valley, in the far southeast of the U.S. state of California, and borders both Arizona and Mexico. ... Inyo County is a county located in east-central California, on the east side of the Sierra Nevada south of Yosemite National Park. ... Kern County is a county located in the southern Central Valley of the U.S. state of California. ... Kings County is a county located in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California, southeast of Fresno County. ... Lake County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of California, north of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... Lassen County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of California. ... Los Angeles County is a county in California and is the most populous county in the United States. ... Madera County is a county of California, located in the Central Valley north of Fresno County. ... Marin County (pronounced muh-RIN) is a county located in the North San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California, across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco. ... Mariposa County is a county in the U.S. state of California, located in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains. ... Islands off Mendocino A Beach in the City of Elk Mendocino County is a county located on the north coast of the U.S. state of California, north of the San Francisco Bay Area and Sonoma County and west of the Central Valley. ... Merced County is a county located in Californias Central Valley, north of Fresno and southeast of San Jose. ... Modoc County is a county located in the far northeast corner of the U.S. state of California, bounded by the state of Oregon to the north and the state of Nevada to the east. ... Mono County is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of California, to east of the Sierra Nevada between Yosemite National Park and Nevada. ... Monterey County is a county located on the Pacific coast of California, its northwestern section forming the southern half of Monterey Bay. ... “Napa Valley” redirects here. ... Nevada County is a county located in Californias Sierra Nevada, in the Mother Lode country. ... Cities in Orange County Orange County is a county in Southern California, United States. ... Placer County is a county located in California, USAs Sierra Nevada, in the Gold Country. ... Plumas County is a county located in Californias Sierra Nevada. ... Riverside County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of California, stretching from Orange County to the Colorado River, which is the border with Arizona. ... Sacramento County is a county of the U.S. state of California. ... San Benito County is a county located in the Coast Range Mountains of the U.S. state of California, south of San Jose. ... San Bernardino County is the largest county in the contiguous United States by area, containing more land than each of nine states. ... San Diego County is a county located on the Pacific Ocean in the far southwest of the U.S. state of California, along its border with Mexico. ... “San Francisco” redirects here. ... San Joaquin County is a county located in Central Valley of the U.S. state of California, just east of the San Francisco Bay Area. ... San Luis Obispo County is a county located on the central Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California, between Los Angeles and the Bay Area. ... Official website: http://www. ... Santa Barbara County is a county located on the Pacific coast of the southern portion of the U.S. state of California, just west of Ventura County. ... Santa Clara County is a county located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. ... Santa Cruz County is a county located on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California, just south of the San Francisco Bay Area, it forms the northern coast of the Monterey Bay. ... Shasta County is a county located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California, in the Cascade Mountains. ... Sierra County is a county located in Californias Sierra Nevada, northeast of Sacramento on the border with Nevada. ... Siskiyou County is a county located in the far northernmost part of the U.S. state of California, in the Shasta Cascade region on the Oregon border. ... Solano County is a county located in central part of the U.S. state of California, about halfway between San Francisco and Sacramento and is one of the nine San Francisco Bay Area counties. ... Sonoma County is on the northwest coast of California, one of the northernmost parts of the greater San Francisco Bay Area, U.S. Its population at the 2000 census was 458,614. ... Stanislaus County is a county located in Californias California Central Valley, between Stockton and Fresno. ... Sutter County is a county located along the Sacramento River in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California, north of state capital Sacramento. ... Tehama County (pronounced teh-HAY-muh) is a county located in the northern part of the U.S. state of California. ... Trinity County is a county located in northwestern California, along the Trinity River and among the Klamath Mountains. ... Tulare County is a county located in U.S. state of Californias Central Valley, south of Fresno. ... Tuolumne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Californias Sierra Nevada. ... Ventura County . ... Yolo County is located in the northern part of the U.S. state of California, bordered by the counties of Sacramento, Solano, Napa, Lake, Colusa, and Sutter. ... Yuba County is located in the U.S. state of Californias Central Valley, north of Sacramento, along the Feather River. ...