The international squatters' symbol

The Chien Rouge in Lausanne, a squat held in the old hospital.

Squatting is the act of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied space or building that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have permission to use. Squatting is significantly more common in urban areas than rural areas, especially when urban decay occurs. According to author Robert Neuwirth, there may be as many as one billion squatters globally, or about one of every seven people.^[1] Look up squat, squatter, squatting in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Image File history File links Okupa. ... Image File history File links Okupa. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 2425 KB) (voir [1]) Work by Rama File links The following pages link to this file: Squatting Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 2425 KB) (voir [1]) Work by Rama File links The following pages link to this file: Squatting Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Lausanne (pronounced ) is a city in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman), and facing Évian-les-Bains (France) and with the Jura mountains to its north. ... Old Executive Office Building, Washington D.C. Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong, China In architecture, construction, engineering and real estate development the word building may refer to one of the following: Any man-made structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or continuous occupancy, or An... There are a great variety of modes of land ownership and tenure: Traditional land tenure. ... The city of Los Angeles is an example of urbanisation Urbanization or Urbanisation (see difference in spelling) means the removal of the rural characteristics of a town or area, a process associated with the development of civilisation. ... Urban decay and renewal in Cincinnati Urban decay is the popular term for both the physical and social degeneration of cities and large towns. ... Robert Neuwirth is an American journalist and author. ...

Overview

Graffiti found in Málaga, Spain of the international squatter's symbol.

In many of the world's poorer countries there are extensive slums or shanty towns, typically built on the edges of major cities and consisting almost entirely of self-constructed housing built on terrain seized and occupied illegally. Whilst these settlements may in time grow to become both legalised and indistinguishable from normal residential neighbourhoods, they start off as squats with minimal basic infrastructure. Thus, there is no sewage system, drinking water must be bought from vendors or carried from a nearby tap and if there is electricity, it is stolen from a passing cable. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (643x643, 346 KB) Graffiti callejero de la ciudad de Málaga. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (643x643, 346 KB) Graffiti callejero de la ciudad de Málaga. ... Location of Málaga Municipality Málaga Government  - Mayor Francisco de la Torre Prados Area  - City 385. ... Slums in Delhi, India. ... Shanty town in Manila, Philippines. ... Look up city, City in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

To squat in many countries is in itself a crime; in others it is only seen as a civil conflict between the owner and the occupants. Property law and the state have traditionally favored the property owner. However, in many cases where squatters had de facto ownership, laws have been changed to legitimize their status. Squatters often claim rights over the spaces they have squatted by virtue of occupation, rather than ownership; in this sense, squatting is similar to (and potentially a necessary condition of) adverse possession, by which a possessor of real property without title may eventually gain legal title to the real property. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see State (disambiguation). ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... In common law, adverse possession is the name given to the process by which title to anothers real property is acquired without compensation, by, as the name suggests, holding the property in a manner that conflicts with the true owners rights for a specified period of time. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Title is a legal term for an owners interest in a piece of property. ...

Anarchist Colin Ward comments: "Squatting is the oldest mode of tenure in the world, and we are all descended from squatters. This is as true of the Queen [of the United Kingdom] with her 176,000 acres as it is of the 54 per cent of householders in Britain who are owner-occupiers. They are all the ultimate recipients of stolen land, for to regard our planet as a commodity offends every conceivable principle of natural rights."^[2] Colin Ward (1924-) was an editor of the British anarchist newspaper Freedom from 1947 to 1960, and the founder and editor of the monthly libertarian journal Anarchy from 1961 to 1970. ...

Besides being residences, some squats are used as social centres or host give-away shops, pirate radio stations and cafés. In Spanish-speaking countries squatters receive several names, like okupas in Spain or Argentina (from the verb ocupar meaning "to occupy"), or paracaidistas in Mexico (meaning "paratroopers", because they "parachute" themselves at unoccupied land). In Argentina there was even a popular TV show under that name. Eventually, okupas tend to form tiny but solid communities ^{[citation needed]}. Social Centres are community spaces. ... Give-away shops, freeshops, or free stores are second-hand stores that are starting to appear in Northern European towns and cities, especially in the Netherlands and Germany. ... The term Pirate Radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmission. ...

Africa

The South African Police crush a demonstration by the squatters' movement Abahlali baseMjondolo, 28 September, 2007

There are large squatter communities in Kenya such as Kibera in Nairobi. A BBC News report described it as follows: "The first thing that hits you here is this rich stench of almost 1 million people living in this ditch - in mud huts, with no sewage pipes, no roads, no water, no toilet, in fact, with no services of any kind."^[3] Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... View of Kibera Kibera in Nairobi, Kenya is the largest slum in Africa with a population of perhaps one million. ... Nairobi (pronounced ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ...

An estimated 1,000 people live in the Grande Hotel Beira in Mozambique. The Grande Hotel Beira was a luxury hotel in Beira, Mozambique that was open from 1952 to 1963. ...

The Zabbaleen settlement and the City of the Dead are both well known squatter communities in Cairo.

In South Africa, squatters tend to live in informal settlements or squatter camps on the outskirts of the larger cities, often but not always near townships. In 1994 when Nelson Mandela was elected President it was estimated that of South Africa's 44 million inhabitants, 7.7 million lived in these settlements.^[4] The number has grown rapidly in the post-apartheid era. Many buildings, particularly in the inner-city of Johannesburg have also been occupied by squatters. Property owners or government authorities can usually evict squatters after following certain legal procedures. In Durban there has been sustained conflict between the city council and a shack dwellers' movement known as Abahlali baseMjondolo. There has been similar conflict between shack dwellers, some linked with the Anti-Eviction Campaign, and the city council in Cape Town. Children in a township near Cape Town in 1989 In South Africa, the term township usually refers to the (often underdeveloped) urban residential areas that, under Apartheid, were reserved for non-whites (principally black Africans and Coloureds, who were put into separate townships or locations) who lived near or worked... This article is about the city in South Africa. ... Map of South Africa showing Durbans location. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Nickname: Motto: Spes Bona (Latin for Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Coordinates: , Country Province Municipality City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality Founded 1652 Government [1]  - Type City council  - Mayor Helen Zille  - City manager Achmat Ebrahim Area  - City 2,499 km²  (964. ...

Asia

India

Street dwellers in Mumbai

In Mumbai, there are an estimated 10 to 12 million inhabitants and six million of them are squatters. The squatters live in a variety of ways. Some possess two or three story homes built out of brick and concrete which they have inhabited for years. Geeta Nagar is a squatter village based beside the Indian Navy compound at Colaba. Squatter Colony in Malad East has existed since 1962 and now people living there pay a rent to the city council of 100 rupees a month. Dharavi is a community of one million squatters. The stores and factories situated there are mainly illegal and so are unregulated, but it is suggested that they do over $1 million in business every day.^[5] Image File history File links Street_dwellers_in_Mumbai. ... Image File history File links Street_dwellers_in_Mumbai. ... , “Bombay” redirects here. ... Dharavi is a heart-shaped settlement in central Mumbai, India. ...

Other squatters live in shacks, situated literally on a pavement next to the road, with very few possessions.

Activists such as Jockin Arputham are working for better living conditions for slum dwellers. Category: ...

Philippines

In Metro Manila, squatting, or Iskwater in Tagalog, is a major issue in Filipino society. Especially in industrialized areas of the society. Squatting was started after World War II, as people built makeshift houses called Barong-Barong in abandoned private property plots. Most of them were once employed workers turned unemployed, and some were professional racketeers that made squatters areas a criminal's den.^{[citation needed]} Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ...

The Government tried to transfer those squatters to low cost housing projects, especially in Tondo (in the former Smokey Mountain Dumpsite), Taguig (BLISS housing Project), and in Montalban Rizal. These squatters agreed, but some opposed, for they have business in the community they've living.^{[citation needed]}

Australia

In Indian history, "squatter" referred to those who occupied large tracts of Crown Land in order to graze livestock.  The subject is covered in a separate article: Squatting (pastoral). In Australian history, squatter referred to those who occupied large tracts of Crown Land in order to graze livestock. ...

In a more modern context the term's meaning in Australia, especially in an urban context, is identical to the British usage. In rural areas of Australia, however, the term 'squatter' is stilling used to describe the owner of a large landholding.

Europe

In many European countries, there are squatted houses and large squatted projects where people live and work. Examples of the latter include an old leper hospital outside Barcelona called Can Masdeu and former military barracks such as Christiania in Denmark and Metelkova in Slovenia. The eviction of Ungdomshuset in March 2007 received international news coverage. Can Masdeu is a squatted social centre in the valley of San Genis, part of the Collserola Park in Barcelona. ... Nickname: Country Denmark Region Hovedstaden City Copenhagen Squatted 1971 Legalized 1995 Government  - Type Consensus democracy Area  - Land 0. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Ungdomshuset as seen from the street Ungdomshuset (literally the Youth House) was the attributed name of a building located in Copenhagen on Jagtvej 69, Nørrebro, which functioned as an underground scene venue for music and rendezvous point for varying anarchist and leftist groups from 1982 until 2007. ...

In Italy, there is Bussana Vecchia, a ghost town in Liguria which was abandoned in 1887 following an earthquake and subsequently squatted in the 1960s. In France, there is Collectif la vieille Valette, a self-supporting squat village which has been active since 1991. A typical street in present day Bussana Vecchia Bussana Vecchia (Old Bussana) is a 1000 years old ghost town in Liguria a few kilometers from the Italian-French border, it depends administratively from the city of San Remo, IM. // History Bussana was founded probably in the second half of the...

Germany

After the German reunification, many buildings were vacated due the demise of former state-run enterprises and migration to the western parts of Germany, some of which then were occupied by squatters. In Berlin, some are nowadays in desirable areas such as Mitte and Prenzlauer Berg. Before the reunification, squats in Berlin were mostly located in former West Berlin's borough of Kreuzberg. Another longterm and hard-fought squatting area was the Hafenstraße in Hamburg. German reunification (German: ) took place on October 3, 1990, when the areas of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR, in English commonly called East Germany) were incorporated into the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, in English commonly called West Germany). The start of this reunification process is commonly referred to... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... The location of Mitte in Berlin. ... Prenzlauer Berg is a former borough of Berlin situated in the eastern part of the city. ... Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ... Location of Kreuzberg in Berlin Kreuzberg Kreuzberg, located south of Berlin-Mitte, is one of the best-known boroughs of Berlin, famous for its nightlife and its political leftness as well as its problems with criminality, the drug scene and a very high number of immigrants. ... The Hafenstraße is a former squat in St. ...

Netherlands

In the Netherlands, if a building is not in use for twelve months and the owner has no pressing need to use it (such as a rental contract starting in the next month), then it can be legally squatted. The only illegal aspect would be forcing an entry, if that was necessary. When a building is squatted it is normal to send the owner a letter and to invite the police to inspect the squat. The police check whether the place is indeed lived in by the squatter — in legal terms this means there must be a bed, a chair, a table and a working lock in the door which the squatter can open and close.

In cities there is often a kraakspreekuur (squatters' conversation hour), at which people planning to squat can get advice from experienced squatters. In Amsterdam, where the squatting community is large, there are three kraakspreekuur sessions in different areas of the city and so-called 'wild' squatting (squatting a building without the help of the local group) is not encouraged.^[6]

There are many residential squats in Dutch cities such as Leiden, Rotterdam, Groningen, Nijmegen, Haarlem, Zwolle and Amsterdam. There are also some squats in the countryside such as a squatted village called Ruigoord near to Amsterdam and Fort Pannerden, near Nijmegen. Fort Pannerden (a military fort built in 1869) was evicted on November 8, 2006 by a massive police operation which used military machinery and cost one million euros.^[7] The squatters then resquatted the fort on November 26 and have since made a deal with the local council which owns the fort.^[8][9] Ruigoord () is a former island and a village in the Houtrakpolder in the IJ meer in the Dutch province of North Holland. ... Fort Pannerden is a disused military fort situated near to the village of Pannerden in the east of the Netherlands. ... is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Sometimes squats can become legalised. This is the case with the Poortgebouw in Rotterdam, which was squatted in 1980. In 1982, the inhabitants agreed to pay rent to the city council and they are still living there in 2007. The Poortgebouw is a national monument located by the River Maas in the Kop van Zuid area of Rotterdam, in the Netherlands. ...

Well-known squats include the OT301 and ASCII in Amsterdam, the Slaakhuis in Rotterdam and De Blauwe Aanslag in the Hague, which was evicted in 2003. OT301 is a squat in the Dutch city of Amsterdam which is located on Overtoom 301. ... ASCII is a squatted communication laboratory in the Dutch city of Amsterdam. ... Het Slaakhuis is a squat in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. ... De Blauwe Aanslag is a squat in the Dutch city of The Hague. ...

In June 2006 two ministers from the Dutch government (Sybilla Dekker and Piet Hein Donner) proposed a plan to make squatting illegal.^[10] Other ministers, such as Alexander Pechtold, were not in favour of this plan. Representatives of the four largest Dutch cities wrote a letter stating that it would not be in their interest to ban squatting.^[11] Squatters nationwide made banners and hung them on their squats in protest.^[12] The Politics of the Netherlands take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democracy and a constitutional monarchy. ... Jan Pieter Hendrik Donner (born 20 October 1948 in Amsterdam) was Dutch Minister of Justice in the third Balkenende cabinet as member of the Dutch Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). ... Alexander Pechtold (born December 16, 1965) was elected president of the Dutch social liberal party Democrats 66 in 2002. ...

Switzerland

The RHINO ("Retour des Habitants dans les Immeubles Non-Occupés"; in English, "Return of Inhabitants to Non-Occupied Housing") was a 19 year long squat in Geneva. It occupied two buildings on the Boulevard des Philosophes, a few blocks away from the main campus of the University of Geneva. The RHINO organisation often faced legal troubles, and Geneva police evicted the inhabitants on July 23, 2007. ^[13] RHINO building with the famous red horn RHINO was a famous squat in Geneva, Switzerland. ... Geneva (pronunciation //; French: Genève //, German:   //, Italian: Ginevra //, Romansh: Genevra) is the second most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich), and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French-speaking part of Switzerland). ... The University of Geneva (Université de Genève) is a university in Geneva, Switzerland. ...

United Kingdom

The "Square Occupied Social Centre" [1], a squat in Russell Square.

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1168x1760, 599 KB) Summary The London Social Centre [1], a squatting action by anarcho-syndicalists in Russell Square. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1168x1760, 599 KB) Summary The London Social Centre [1], a squatting action by anarcho-syndicalists in Russell Square. ... Russell Square Russell Square is a large garden square in Bloomsbury, London. ...

England and Wales

In England and Wales, the term 'squatting' usually refers to occupying an empty house in a city. The owner of the house must go through various legal proceedings before evicting squatters. Squatting is regarded in law as a civil, not a criminal, matter.^[14]The squatter legally occupies the house and then the owner must prove in court that they have a right to live in the property and that the squatter does not, whilst the squatter has the opportunity to claim there is not sufficient proof or that the proper legal steps have not been taken. For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the country. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... In the common law, civil law refers to the area of law governing relations between private individuals. ... The term criminal law, sometimes called penal law, refers to any of various bodies of rules in different jurisdictions whose common characteristic is the potential for unique and often severe impositions as punishment for failure to comply. ...

In order to occupy a house legally, a squatter must have exclusive access to that property, that is, be able to open and lock an entrance. The property should be secure in the same way as a normal residence, with no broken windows or locks.

The legal process of eviction can take a month or longer, perhaps even years. This is what happens when the property is owned by a council or a housing association. Private landlords have been known to use various intimidatory methods to convince a squatter to move out or indeed, to pay squatters to leave. A city council is the most common style of legislative government in a city or town. ... Housing associations in the United Kingdom are independent not-for-profit bodies that provide low cost housing for people in housing need. ...

Local Council planners, facing rising court costs when evicting squatters, often resort to taking out the plumbing and toilets in empty buildings to deter squatters.

To show that the occupier of the squatted building is in fact in physical possession of the property, squatters often put up a legal warning known as a 'Section 6', a copy of which is often displayed on the front door.^[15] Doing so affirms that there are people living there and they have a legal right to be there. It also makes clear that anyone — even the technical owner of the property — who tries to enter the building without permission is committing an offence.

Some properties are still occupied by squatters who have resisted eviction for 20 years. Squatters have a right to claim ownership of a dwelling after 12 years of having lived there if no one else claims it, by adverse possession under common law. In practice this can be difficult, since the squatter must prove in a court of law that he or she has lived in the building continuously for the whole 10 years. For example, St. Agnes Place in London had been lived in for 30 years until 29 November 2005, when Lambeth Council evicted the entire street.^[16] The law of adverse possession has been fundamentally altered following the passing of the Land Registration Act 2002. In effect, after 10 years of actual physical possession, a squatter must apply to the Land Registry to have their title recognised as the owner in fee simple. The original owner of the property will receive notification from the Land Registry and will be able to defeat the application by simple objection. Obviously, this will seriously curtail the ability of squatters to claim adverse possession. In common law, adverse possession is the name given to the process by which title to anothers real property is acquired without compensation, by, as the name suggests, holding the property in a manner that conflicts with the true owners rights for a specified period of time. ... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ... 1977 eviction fails St Agnes Place was a squatted street in Kennington, South London, UK which had been resisting eviction orders for 30 years. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The London Borough of Lambeth is a London borough in inner southwest London. ... The Land Registration Act 2002 is an Act (i. ... Fee simple, also known as fee simple absolute or allodial, is a term of art in common law. ...

In London, a group called the Advisory Service for Squatters runs a volunteer service helping squatters. It publishes the Squatters' Handbook.

The most empty homes in the UK are in Birmingham (17,490), Liverpool (15,692) and Manchester (14,017). The North-West area of England has the most empty homes (135,106), which is close to 5% of its housing. The fewest empty homes are in South East England and East Anglia, but there are currently thousands of empty homes in London, as house prices are soaring above the level of income that most people earn.^{[citation needed]} This article is about the British city. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... Northwest is the ordinal direction halfway between west and north on a compass. ... South East England is one of the nine official regions of England. ... Norfolk and Suffolk, the core area of East Anglia. ...

History

In 1649 at Saint George's Hill, Walton on Thames in Surrey, Gerrard Winstanley and others calling themselves The True Levellers occupied disused 'Common' land and cultivated it collectively in the hope that their actions would inspire other poor people to follow their lead. Gerrard Winstanley stated that "the poorest man hath as true a title and just right to the land as the richest man".^[17] While the True Levellers, later more commonly known as the Diggers, were not perhaps the first squatters in England their story illustrates the heritage of squatting as a form of radical direct action. Gerrard Winstanley (1609 - September 10, 1676) was an English LEZZ CED religious reformer and political activist during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell. ... For other meanings see Diggers (disambiguation) and Levellers (disambiguation) The Diggers were a group begun by Gerrard Winstanley in 1649 which called for a total destruction of the existing social order and replacement with a communistic and agrarian lifestyle based around the precepts of Christian Nationalism, wishing to rid England...

More recently there was a huge squatting movement involving ex-servicemen and their families following World War II. This involved thousands of people occupying sites as diverse as former military bases and luxury apartment blocks in West London.^[18] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

The 1960s saw the development of the Family Squatting Movement which sought to mobilise people to take control of empty properties and use them to house homeless families from the Council Housing Waiting List. This movement was originally based in London (where Ron Bailey and Jim Radford were instrumental is helping to establish family squatting campaigns in several London Boroughs) and several local Family Squatting Associations signed agreements with Borough Councils to use empty properties under licence (although only after some lengthy and bitter campaigns had been fought - most particularly in the Boroughs of Redbridge and Southwark).

In the early seventies Ron Bailey and Jim Radford were closely involved in founding the Family Squatting Advisory Service which promoted and provided information for Family Squatting Associations and direct action Housing Campaigns. However, there was a growing conflict between the original activists of the Family Squatting Movement and a newer wave of squatters who simply rejected the right of landlords to charge rent and who believed (or claimed to) that seizing property and living rent-free was a revolutionary political act. These new wave squatters (often young and single rather than homeless families) were a mixture of Anarchists, Trotskyites - the IMG being especially prominent - and self-proclaimed hippy-dropouts and they denounced the idea that squatters should seek to make agreements with local Councils to use empty property and that Squatting Associations should then become landlords (or Self Help Housing Associations as they were sometimes styled) in their own right and charge rent.

Scotland

Squatting is a criminal offence in Scotland, punishable by a fine or even imprisonment. The owner or lawful occupier of the property has the right to eject squatters without notice or applying to the court for an eviction order, although when evicting they cannot do anything that would break the law, for example use violence.^[19] This article is about the country. ...

Spain

Famous okupas squat near Parc Guell, overlooking Barcelona − the Kasa de la Muntanya.

Squatting became popular in Spain in the 1960s and 1970s, as a result of the shortage of urban accommodation during the rural exodus. It was revived in the mid-1980s during the Movida, under the name of the okupa movement, when thousands of illegal squats were legalized. Influenced by the British Levellers, the movement's popularity rose again during the 1990s, once more due to a housing crisis, this time related to the 1992 Summer Olympics and the concomitant urban regeneration. Property speculation and house price inflation continue to catalyze okupa activism.^[20] Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 551 pixelsFull resolution (1750 × 1206 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 551 pixelsFull resolution (1750 × 1206 pixel, file size: 1. ... Rural-urban migration is the migration of people from rural areas into cities. ... La Movida Madrileña (The Madrilene moving) is a sociocultural movement that took place in Madrid during the 80s triggered by the explosion of liberties after the death of Fascist dictator Francisco Franco and the economical rise of Spain. ... The Levellers were a mid 17th century English political movement, who came to prominence during the English Civil Wars. ... The 92 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were held in 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... Speculation involves the buying, holding, and selling of stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, collectibles, real estate, derivatives or any valuable financial instrument to profit from fluctuations in its price as opposed to buying it for use or for income via methods such as dividends or interest. ... Activism, in a general sense, can be described as intentional action to bring about social or political change. ...

Related to the anarchist movement, okupas support the ideal of Autogestion and create social centers, which carry out various grassroot activities. The okupa movement represents a highly politicized form of squatting, so much so that participants often claim they live in squats as a form of political protest first and foremost. ^[21]The movement is involved in various other social struggles, including the alter-globalization movement. In 1996, during José María Aznar's presidency, the first specific legislation against squatting was passed and became the prelude to many squat evictions. In the barrio of Lavapiés in Madrid, the Eskalera Karakola was a feminist self-managed squat, which was active from 1996 to 2005 and participated in the nextGENDERation network. Theory Issues Culture By region Lists Anarchism Portal Politics Portal ·        Anarchism has historically gained the most support and influence in Spain, especially in the seventy or so years before Francisco Francos victory in the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939. ... Workers self-management is a form of workplace management in which the employees themselves make decisions on issues like hours, production, scheduling, division of labour etc. ... Social Centres are community spaces. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Anti-globalization. ...   (born in Madrid on February 25, 1953) is a Spanish politician who served as Spanish prime minister from 1996 to 2004. ... Lavapiés is a barrio of the city of Madrid, centred on Plaza de Lavapiés. ... Eskalera Karakola is a squat in Madrid, which is held by feminists and works on autogestion principles. ... Feminism is a social theory and political movement primarily informed and motivated by the experience of women. ...

As of 2007 there were approximately 200 occupied houses in Barcelona. At least 45 of these, as Infousurpa, a collective event calendar mentions, are used as social and cultural centers – so called "open houses".^[22] A number of popular rock groups have been borne of this kind of venue, such as Sin Dios in Madrid and Ojos de Brujo in Barcelona. Infousurpa is a free weekly newsletter in Catalan which provides news related to the squat movement and lists activities in the more than 50 squatted social centers in Barcelona. ... Rock band (or rock group) is a generic name to describe a group of musicians specializing in a particular form of electronically amplified music. ... Cover of their second album Antifascist alert Sin Dios (English: Without God) is a hardcore/anarcho-punk band from Spain. ... Ojos de Brujo (Eyes of A Wizard in English[1]) is an eight-piece band from Barcelona, Spain, who describe their style as hiphop flamenkillo (hip-hop with a little flamenco) [1]. The band sold over 100,000 copies of their self-produced Barí album, and has received several awards...

Kasa de la Muntanya, Barcelona-Vallcarca Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 × 1600 pixel, file size: 1. ...	C.S.A. Can Vies, Barcelona-Sants Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 583 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...	Casa sense nom und Atteneu popular de l'eixample, Barcelona-La Sagrada Familia Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 674 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...	Ruïna Amàlia, Barcelona Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 2048 pixel, file size: 624 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
Bahía, Barcelona-Sants Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 678 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...	Bahía Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 726 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

North America

United States of America

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In the United States, squatting laws vary from state to state and city to city. For the most part it is rarely tolerated to any degree for long, particularly in cities. Laws based on a contract ownership interpretation of property make it easy for deed holders to evict squatters under loitering or trespassing laws. The situation is more complicated for legal residents who fail to make rent or mortgage payments, but the result is largely the same. Most squatting in the U.S. is dependent on law enforcement and the person legally considered to be owner of the property being unaware of the occupants. Often the most important factors in the longevity of squats in the US are apathy of the owner and the likeliness of neighbors to call police. The most common tactic to accomplish this is not to be seen going in and out, which doesn't always make American squats as sustainable as those in many other countries. This was not always the case, particularly in the era of Westward expansion, wherein the Federal government specifically recognized the rights of squatters. For example, see the Preemption Act of 1841. Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... In law, trespass can be: the criminal act of going into somebody else’s land or property without permission; it is also a civil law tort that may be a valid cause of action to seek judicial relief and possibly damages through a lawsuit. ... A United States law recognizing the rights of squatters. ...

The United States Homestead Act legally recognized the concept of homesteading and distinguished it from squatting since it gave homesteaders permission to occupy unclaimed lands. Additionally, US states which have a shortage of housing tend to tolerate squatters in property awaiting redevelopment until the developer is ready to begin work; however, at that point the laws tend to be enforced. ^{[citation needed]} The Homestead Act was a United States Federal law that gave freehold title to 160 acres (one quarter section or about 65 hectares) of undeveloped land in the American West. ... Broadly defined, homesteading is a lifestyle of simple, agrarian self-sufficiency. ...

Squats used for living in can be divided into two types (although they are not absolutes): So-called "back window squats" (the most common type, in which occupants sneak in and out of the building with the intent of hiding that they live there), and "front door squats" (where the occupants make little or no effort to conceal their comings and goings). Many squats may start out as one or the other and then change over time. Frequently squatters will move in and then later assess how open they can be about their activities before they approach the neighbors; others will not move into a place until they have first met and discussed the idea with the neighbors. The difference between the two types can be signs of vast differences in philosophies of squatting and its purpose, how long the occupants plan to be around, and on the atmosphere of the neighborhood, among many other factors.

Squatters can be young people living in punk houses or low-income or homeless people, as observed in Philadelphia.^[23] A group called Homes Not Jails advocates squatting houses to end the problem of homelessness. It has opened "about 500 houses, 95% of which have lasted six months or less. In a few cases, [these] squats have lasted for two, three or even six years."^[24] In New York, homeless people squatting in underground spaces such as Freedom Tunnel have come to be known as Mole People. They were the subject of an award-winning documentary called Dark Days. Also in New York there are social centres which began as squats such as C-Squat and ABC No Rio, which was founded in 1980. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Homes Not Jails is an American organization which describes itself as an autonomous group of individuals whose mission is to end homelessness and abolish the prison industrial complex. ... Often, the artwork is centered under the light giving the space the feeling of a chapel or great cathedral. ... Mole People is a term used to refer to the unknown number of homeless people purported to live under New York City in abandoned subway tunnels. ... Dark Days is a documentary made by Marc Singer, a British filmmaker. ... Interior of ABC No Rio ABC No Rio is a social center located at 156 Rivington street in New York Citys Lower East Side that was founded in 1980. ...

However, through the legally recognized concept of adverse possession, a squatter can became a bona fide owner of property without compensation to the owner. Generally, the squatter must be in exclusive possession for at least 20 years (which varies state to state) and be "open and notorious," which means that it must the squatter must occupy the property as if they were the rightful owner, and never in secret.^{[citation needed]} In common law, adverse possession is the name given to the process by which title to anothers real property is acquired without compensation, by, as the name suggests, holding the property in a manner that conflicts with the true owners rights for a specified period of time. ...

Mexico

In Mexico squatters are known as paracaidistas (that is, paratroopers, because they "drop" themselves mostly at unoccupied lands), and it is a common practice in large cities. Since the most valuable real property is located near the downtowns of the cities, the paracaidistas usually establish slums at unoccupied lands at the outskirts of the cities. Since Mexican laws establish that an individual may take legal possession of a property after 5 years of peaceful occupation, many paracaidistas establish themselves with the hope that the legitimate owner will not discover them and expel them before 5 years. Large extensions of many Mexican cities were established originally as squats (for example, Neza City, in Mexico City). An American Paratrooper using a T-10C series parachute Paratroopers are soldiers trained in parachuting and formed into an airborne force. ... Neza is a low class neighborhood in Mexico City. ... Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ...

South America

Around many South American cities there are shanty towns. Sometimes the authorities tear the houses down, but often the squatters simply rebuild again. The houses are built out of whatever material can be scavenged from the local area or bought cheaply. As time goes by, the squatters start to form communities and become more established. The houses are rebuilt piece by piece with more durable materials. In some cases, a deal is reached with the authorities and connections for sewage, drinking water, cable television and electricity are made. Shanty town in Manila, Philippines. ...

In Peru, the name given to the squatter settlements is pueblos jóvenes. In Venezuela, they are called barrios and in Argentina the term used is villa miseria. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Look up barrios in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Homes in a villa miseria in Rosario. ...

Brazil

A favela in Rio de Janeiro

In Brazil, these squatter communities are called favelas and a famous example is Rocinha in Rio de Janeiro, estimated to be home of 500,000 people. Favelas are home to the extremely poor of Brazil. They lack much infrastructure and are usually overrun with street children and are not maintained clean. They are equivalent to slums or shantytowns. There are 25 million people living in favelas all over Brazil.^[25] Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Vidigal, a Rio de Janeiro favela A favela is the Brazilian equivalent of a shanty town, which are generally found on the edge of the city. ... Vidigal, a favela similar to Rocinha Rocinha (literally, Portuguese for small ranch) is a favela located within the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro, between the districts of São Conrado and Gávea. ...

In São Paulo, the largest favela is Heliópolis and there is also a 22 story squatted highrise building called Prestes Maia. Heliópolis is a suburb in of São Paulo City, Brazil. ... The Prestes Maia, is by far the largest squatted highrise building on the South American continent. ...

Former Government Minister Benedita da Silva grew up in the favela of Morro do Chapéu Mangueira. There are also rural squatter movements, such as the Landless Workers' Movement which has an estimated 1.5 million members. Benedita Souza da Silva Sampaio, (born in Rio de Janeiro, April 26, 1942-) is a Afro-Brazilian politician. ... Brazils Landless Workers Movement, or in Portuguese Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), is the largest social movement in Latin America with an estimated 1. ...

Social centres

In Europe, it is common for buildings to be squatted to be used as social centres. Cafés, bars, libraries, free shops, swaps shops and gyms have all been created, with many squats also holding parties and concerts. Social centres are often a combination of many things that happen in one space with the aim of creating a space for people to meet in a non-commercial setting, whether it be for a party, political workshop, to see a film, have a drink or have breakfast. There are many squatted social centres around the world but they exist mainly in countries where squatting is legal. Examples include Ernst Kirchweger Haus in Austria, the RampART Social Centre in England, OT301 in the Netherlands and Ungdomshuset in Denmark (evicted on the 1st of March 2007 and demolished four days later). Social Centres are community spaces. ... A squat party is a party that takes place either in a disused building (broken into and secured for the party) or in an already existing squat. ... The Ernst-Kirchweger-Haus in September 2005. ... RampART is a squatted social centre in the Whitechapel area of East London. ... OT301 is a squat in the Dutch city of Amsterdam which is located on Overtoom 301. ...

Notable and well known squats

A squat in Viladecans (Barcelona)

Austria Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x3072, 2326 KB) Summary Casa Okupada City: Viladecans Comments: By/Por: Yearofthedragon Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Squatting Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x3072, 2326 KB) Summary Casa Okupada City: Viladecans Comments: By/Por: Yearofthedragon Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Squatting Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or... For other uses, see Barcelona (disambiguation). ...

• Ernst Kirchweger Haus (EKH), Vienna

Brazil The Ernst-Kirchweger-Haus in September 2005. ... For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation). ...

• Prestes Maia, São Paulo

Croatia The Prestes Maia, is by far the largest squatted highrise building on the South American continent. ... This article is about the city. ...

• Karlo Rojc, Pula

Denmark Pula (Latin Colonia Pietas Iulia Pola; Italian Pola (the city has an official Croatian-Italian bilingualism [1]); Istriot Pula, German Polei) is the largest city in Istria, situated at the southern tip of the peninsula, with a population of 62,080 (2006). ...

• Christiania, Copenhagen
• Ungdomshuset, Copenhagen (evicted 1 March and demolished 5 March, 2007)

Germany Christiania is also the former name of Oslo. ... For other uses, see Copenhagen (disambiguation). ... Ungdomshuset as seen from the street Ungdomshuset (literally the Youth House) was the attributed name of a building located in Copenhagen on Jagtvej 69, Nørrebro, which functioned as an underground scene venue for music and rendezvous point for varying anarchist and leftist groups from 1982 until 2007. ... For other uses, see Copenhagen (disambiguation). ...

• Anatopia
• Au, Frankfurt
• Hafenstraße
• Kunst Haus Tacheles, Berlin
• Rote Flora
• Köpi (often spelled Køpi), Berlin

Greece Anatopia was a land squat in Papenburg, Germany. ... Au the name of a building that has been squatted since June 4, 1983 in Frankfurt, Germany. ... For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... The Hafenstraße is a former squat in St. ... The Kunst Haus Tacheles is an art center and nightclub started in East Berlin after the Berlin Wall came down in the spring of 1990. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... Rote Flora (Red Flora) is a former theatre built in 1855 in Hamburg which was squatted in November 1989 when plans were made to make it a musical theatre. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

• Villa Amalia, Athens

Italy Villa Amalia one of the first anarchist squats in Athens, Greece. ... For other uses, see Athens (disambiguation). ...

• Bussana Vecchia, Liguria

Lithuania A typical street in present day Bussana Vecchia Bussana Vecchia (Old Bussana) is a 1000 years old ghost town in Liguria a few kilometers from the Italian-French border, it depends administratively from the city of San Remo, IM. // History Bussana was founded probably in the second half of the... Liguria is a coastal region of north-western Italy, the third smallest of the Italian regions. ...

• Užupis

Mozambique Užupis is a district of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania located just east of the Old Town. ...

• Grande Hotel Beira

The Netherlands The Grande Hotel Beira was a luxury hotel in Beira, Mozambique that was open from 1952 to 1963. ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Beatrix  - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War   - Declared July 26, 1581   - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain...

• ASCII, Amsterdam
• De Blauwe Aanslag, The Hague (now evicted)
• OT301, Amsterdam
• Fort Pannerden
• Oude Rooms-Katholieke Ziekenhuis, Groningen (an old Roman-Catholic Hospital, now declared legal)
• Het Poortgebouw, Rotterdam (still exists, but no longer a squat)
• Ruigoord
• Het Slaakhuis, Rotterdam
• The LandbouwBelang, Maastricht (a community of artists and the NGO Demotech)
• Kraakpand Wolder, Maastricht (Living squat in the countryside, artists living there and developing activities)

Norway ASCII is a squatted communication laboratory in the Dutch city of Amsterdam. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ... De Blauwe Aanslag is a squat in the Dutch city of The Hague. ... Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Area (2006)  - Municipality 98. ... OT301 is a squat in the Dutch city of Amsterdam which is located on Overtoom 301. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ... Fort Pannerden is a disused military fort situated near to the village of Pannerden in the east of the Netherlands. ... Groningen can refer to: A province of the Netherlands. ... The Poortgebouw is a national monument located by the River Maas in the Kop van Zuid area of Rotterdam, in the Netherlands. ... Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Government  - Mayor Ivo Opstelten  - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1]  - City 319 km²  (123. ... Ruigoord () is a former island and a village in the Houtrakpolder in the IJ meer in the Dutch province of North Holland. ... Het Slaakhuis is a squat in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. ... Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: , Country Netherlands Province South Holland Government  - Mayor Ivo Opstelten  - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1]  - City 319 km²  (123. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 60. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 60. ...

• Blitz, Oslo

Slovenia This article is about the capital of Norway. ...

• Metelkova, Ljubljana (a claimed free state in a former Yugoslav army garrison)

Spain - infousurpa contains info about squats in barcelona. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...   (IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. ... Infousurpa is a free weekly newsletter in Catalan which provides news related to the squat movement and lists activities in the more than 50 squatted social centers in Barcelona. ...

• Kasa de la Muntanya The oldest squat in Barcelona.
• Ruina Amalia Site of the Biblioteka Kilombo in Barcelona.
• Can Masdeu, Barcelona
• C.S.A. Can Vies, Barcelona-Sants
• Bahía, Barcelona-Sants

Switzerland For other uses, see Barcelona (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Barcelona (disambiguation). ... Can Masdeu is a squatted social centre in the valley of San Genis, part of the Collserola Park in Barcelona. ... For other uses, see Barcelona (disambiguation). ...

The Chien Rouge in Lausanne, a squat held in the old hospital

• RHINO, Genève
• Cabaret Voltaire, Zürich (now evicted) (art house 2002)
• Kulturzentrum Reithalle, Bern

United Kingdom Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 2415 KB) (voir [1]) Work by Rama File links The following pages link to this file: Squatting Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 2415 KB) (voir [1]) Work by Rama File links The following pages link to this file: Squatting Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Lausanne (pronounced ) is a city in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman), and facing Évian-les-Bains (France) and with the Jura mountains to its north. ... RHINO building with the famous red horn RHINO was a famous squat in Geneva, Switzerland. ... Geneva (French: Genève) is the second-most populous city in Switzerland located where Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman, but the Genevois are fond of calling it Lac de Genève) empties into the Rhône River. ... Cabaret Voltaire was the name of a nightclub in Zürich, Switzerland. ... For other uses of Zurich, see Zurich (disambiguation). ... Location within Switzerland The city of Bern, English traditionally Berne (Bernese German Bärn , German Bern , French Berne , Italian Berna , Romansh Berna ), is the Bundesstadt (administrative capital) of Switzerland, and is the fourth most populous Swiss city (after Zürich, Geneva and Basel). ...

• Eel Pie Island
• Principality of Sealand (on HM Fort Roughs, a wartime sea-fort)
• RampART Social Centre, London
• Medina House, Hove, Sussex (evicted September 2006, re-occupied briefly in January 2007)
• St Agnes Place, London (evicted 2005)

United States Eel Pie Island, in the River Thames at Twickenham in London, England, can only be reached by a footbridge or boat. ... The Principality of Sealand is a micronation located on HM Fort Roughs, a former Maunsell Sea Fort located in the North Sea 10 km (six miles) off the coast of Suffolk, England, in what is claimed as territorial waters using a twelve-nautical-mile radius. ... HM Fort Roughs, also known as Roughs Tower HM Fort Roughs was one of several World War II installations, that were designed by Guy Maunsell and known collectively as His Majestys Forts or as Maunsell Sea Forts, and its purpose was to guard the port of Harwich, Essex. ... RampART is a squatted social centre in the Whitechapel area of East London. ... A farm in which local wild fowl are raised. ... Floral Clock, Palmeira Square Hove promenade facing towards Brighton Hove is a town on the south coast of England immediately to the west of its larger neighbour, Brighton. ... Sussex is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

• ABC No Rio A social center founded in New York City by artists and activists in 1980.
• C-Squat, New York City
• Hellarity, Oakland, California Internationally-known anarcho-punk traveler house with its own pirate radio station.
• Halfway House (squat), West Philadelphia
• Paradise City, West Philadelphia
• People's Park, Berkeley, California (1960s icon which epitomizes the notion of squatter's rights)
• Zzyzx Mineral Springs and Health Spa (evicted 1974)

Interior of ABC No Rio ABC No Rio is a social center located at 156 Rivington street in New York Citys Lower East Side that was founded in 1980. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... “Oakland” redirects here. ... The anarchy symbol commonly used by anarcho-punks Anarcho-punk (sometimes known as peace-punk) is a subgenre of the punk rock movement consisting of groups and bands promoting specifically anarchist ideas. ... The term Pirate Radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmission. ... West Philadelphia is a section of the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. ... West Philadelphia is a section of the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. ... Peoples Park, Berkeley Peoples Park in Berkeley, California, USA is a park off Telegraph Avenue, bounded by Haste and Bowditch Streets and Dwight Way, near the University of California, Berkeley. ... Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern California, in the United States. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... Zzyzx (California) Zzyzx Road exit sign on Interstate 15 Lake Tunedae Lake Tunedae, a dry lake near Zzyzx, California For other uses of Zzyzx, see Zzyzx (disambiguation). ...

Notable Squatters

• Curtis Howe Springer
• Robert Louis Stevenson^[26]
• Joe Strummer^[27]
• Monckton Synnot
• Sid Vicious^[28]
• Gerrard Winstanley^[29]

Curtis Howe Springer was a radio evangelist, self-proclaimed medical doctor and Methodist minister best known for founding the Zzyzx Hot Springs resort. ... Robert Louis (Balfour) Stevenson (November 13, 1850 – December 3, 1894), was a Scottish novelist, poet, and travel writer, and a leading representative of Neo-romanticism in English literature. ... For other persons named John Mellor, see John Mellor (disambiguation). ... Monckton Synnot (1827-1879) was a prominent squatter in Victoria, Australia, the sixth son of Captain Walter Synnot and the grandson of Sir Walter Synnot, Bart, of Ballymoyer, County Armagh. ... For the professional wrestler, see Sid Eudy. ... Gerrard Winstanley (1609 - September 10, 1676) was an English LEZZ CED religious reformer and political activist during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell. ...

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Squatting

• Squatter's rights
• Anarchism
• Squat party
• Cybersquatting
• Social centre
• Punk house
• Gecekondu Squatting public land in Turkey
• Abahlali baseMjondolo Squatting public land in South Africa
• Claim club

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The term squatters rights, known more formally as the right of adverse possession, refers to the right to take ownership of property, under certain conditions, simply by living on or possessing it for a certain period of time. ... Anarchist redirects here. ... A squat party is a party that takes place either in a disused building (broken into and secured for the party) or in an already existing squat. ... Cybersquatting, according to the United States federal law known as the Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, is registering, trafficking in, or using a domain name with bad-faith intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark belonging to someone else. ... ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A gecekondu neighbourhood in Ankara Gecekondu is defined by The New Redhouse Portable English-Turkish Turkish-English Dictionary as a house put up quickly without proper permissions; squatters house; a shack of a house, shanty, shack. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Claim clubs, also called Actual Settlers Associations or Squatters Clubs, were a nineteenth century phenomenon in the American West. ...

External links

• Advisory Service for Squatters (UK)
• Squat.net
• Squattercity Blog Blog by writer Robert Neuwirth who lived in squatter communities across the developing world
• Art Squat / Kisinis Web Art Artists' squats in Paris, France.
• wasteland (UK) - Documentary about squatting by Will Wright
• South African Shack Dwellers' Movement
• Special issue of Mute Magazine on global slums
• The LandBouwBelang, an artist squat in Maastricht, The Netherlands

References

Further reading

• Waterhouse, Richard (2005). The Vision Splendid: A Social and Cultural History of Rural Australia, Fremantle, Curtin University Books
• War In The Neighborhood – a Graphic Novel about squatting on New York City's Lower East Side in the 1980s by World War 3 Illustrated artist and editor Seth Tobocman published by Autonomedia
• Corr A. (1999) No Trespassing!: Squatting, Rent Strikes and Land Struggles Worldwide South End Press ISBN 0896085953
• 949 Market - a 2002 zine by a group of people who squatted an abandoned pool hall in a very public way and created a community center in San Francisco. $2-3 cash to: Lara, 3288 21st St. PMB #79, San Francisco, CA 94110
• Survival Without Rent - A how to guide from NYC originally printed in 1986
• Cracking The Movement - Amsterdam squatter history and the movement's relation to the media. Also available online
• The ELF Squat Experiment An experiment in squatting large buildings.
• Squat The World a story of 1995 squat evictions in NYC
• Katsiaficas G. (1999) The Subversion of Politics: European Autonomous Social Movements and the Decolonization of Everyday Life Humanity Books ISBN 1573924415 Also online

New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Categories: Manhattan neighborhoods | Stub ... A zine—an abbreviation of the word fanzine, and originating from the word magazine[1][2]—is most commonly a small circulation, non-commercial publication of original or appropriated texts and images. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...