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Encyclopedia > Steering wheel
A modern road car's steering wheel
A modern road car's steering wheel
Steering wheels from different periods
Steering wheels from different periods
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Steering wheels

A steering wheel is a type of steering control used in most modern land vehicles, including all mass-production automobiles. The steering wheel is the part of the steering system that is manipulated by the driver; the rest of the steering system responds to the movements of the steering wheel. This can be through direct mechanical contact in rack and pinion steering, with the assistance of hydraulics in power steering, or in some concept cars and modern production cars such as the Toyota Prius entirely through computer control. To prevent motor vehicle theft, most steering wheels are locked if the ignition key is taken out of the ignition lock. Download high resolution version (835x789, 85 KB)Photograph of the steering wheel of a 1998 Volvo V70 taken by SamH in August 2004. ... Download high resolution version (835x789, 85 KB)Photograph of the steering wheel of a 1998 Volvo V70 taken by SamH in August 2004. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1630x887, 282 KB) steering wheels from different periods Photos taken and assembled by me, photographed in a Toyota showroom with permission -- Chris 73 File links The following pages link to this file: Steering wheel User:Chris 73/Gallery 002 ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1630x887, 282 KB) steering wheels from different periods Photos taken and assembled by me, photographed in a Toyota showroom with permission -- Chris 73 File links The following pages link to this file: Steering wheel User:Chris 73/Gallery 002 ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Look up Control in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Trikke is a Human Powered Vehicle (HPV) This article is about the means of transport. ... Car redirects here. ... Steering is the term applied to the collection of components, linkages, etc. ... Rack and pinion animation A rack and pinion is a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. ... ... Power steering is a system for reducing the steering effort on cars by using an external power source to assist in turning the wheels. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Automotive design. ... Prius may refer to: Hitachi Flora Prius, a personal computer. ... Motor vehicle theft is a crime of theft. ... --80. ... The ignition system of an internal-combustion engine is an important part of the overall engine system that provides for the timely burning of the fuel mixture within the engine. ...


Remote car audio controls are generally included on the steering wheel.

Contents

History

The first automobiles were steered with a tiller, but Packard introduced the steering wheel on the second car they built, in 1899. Within a decade, the steering wheel had entirely replaced the tiller in automobiles. A tiller or till is a lever attached to a rudder post (American terminology) or rudder stock (English terminology) of a boat in order to provide the leverage for the helmsman to turn the rudder. ... Packard red hexagon symbol made its debut in 1905, with the color red added in 1913 Packard was a United States based brand of luxury automobile built by the Packard Motors Company of Detroit,Michigan, and later by the Studebaker-Packard Corporation of South Bend, Indiana. ... 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...


Passenger cars

Steering wheels for passenger automobiles are usually circular, the wheel being attached to the steering column by one or more spokes (though a single spoke wheel is a rather rare exception). Other types of vehicles may use the circular design, a butterfly shape, or some other shape. In countries where cars must drive on the left side of the road, the steering wheel is typically on the right side of the car; the converse applies in countries where cars drive on the right side of the road. A spoke is one of some number of rods radiating from the center of a wheel (the hub where the axle connects), connecting the hub with the round traction surface. ...


Besides its use in steering, the steering wheel is the usual location for a button to activate the car's horn. Additionally, many modern automobiles may have other controls, such as cruise control and audio system controls built into the steering wheel to minimize the extent to which the driver must take his hands off the wheel. A horn is a tapered sound-guide designed to provide an acoustic impedance match between a sound-producing device and the characteristic impedance of free space. ... Cruise control (sometimes known as speed control or Autocruise) is a system to automatically control the speed of an automobile. ...


An undeployed airbag, used to protect the driver in event of a frontal collision, is mounted inside a cover in the center of the steering wheel. Therefore, to prevent injury from the airbag deployment, it is important that the driver does not sit too close. Typical recommendations are a distance of at least 1 foot (30 cm) between the surface of the airbag cover and the driver's chest. An automobile airbag, like this one in a crashed SEAT Ibiza car, deflates after 0. ...


Power steering and power assist steering both give the driver an easier means by which the steering of a car can be accomplished. Modern power steering almost universally relies on a hydraulic system. Mechanical power steering systems (ex. Studebaker, 1952) have been invented, but their weight and complexity negate the benefits that they provide. Power steering is a system for reducing the steering effort on cars by using an external power source to assist in turning the wheels. ... Power steering is a system for reducing the steering effort on cars by using an external power source to assist in turning the wheels. ...


While other methods of steering passenger cars have resulted from experiments, none have been deployed as successfully as the steering wheel.


Other designs

A modern Formula One car's steering wheel has buttons and knobs to control various functions
A modern Formula One car's steering wheel has buttons and knobs to control various functions

The steering wheel is centrally located on certain high-performance sports cars, such as the McLaren F1, and in the majority of single-seat racing cars. Photograph of a Toyota Formula One cars steering wheel taken by SamH at the 2003 Goodwood Festival of Speed. ... Photograph of a Toyota Formula One cars steering wheel taken by SamH at the 2003 Goodwood Festival of Speed. ... Formula One - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The McLaren F1 is a supercar engineered and produced by McLaren Cars, a subsidiary of the British McLaren Group that, among others, owns the McLaren Mercedes Formula One team. ...


As a driver may have his hands on the wheel for hours at a time, steering wheels are designed with ergonomics in mind. However, the most important concern is that the driver can effectively convey torque to the steering system; this is especially important in vehicles without power steering. A typical design for circular steering wheels is a steel wheel with a rubberized grip molded around it. Some drivers purchase steering wheel covers to enhance the grip or comfort of the wheel, or simply decoration. Another device used to make steering easier is the brodie knob. Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data, and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance (definition adopted by the International... For other uses, see Steel (disambiguation). ... A steering wheel cover is an automotive accessory used to enhance the grip, comfort, or appearance of a steering wheel. ... A brodie knob (alternate spelling brody knob) is a knob that attaches to the steering wheel of an automobile. ...


A similar device in aircraft is the yoke. Water vessels not steered from a stern-mounted tiller are directed with the ship's wheel, which may have inspired the concept of the steering wheel. An Airbus A380, currently the worlds largest airliner An aircraft is any vehicle or craft capable of atmospheric flight. ... In aviation, a yoke is a control used in most transport airplanes, that is also called a joystick or steering wheel. ... A tiller or till is a lever attached to a rudder post (American terminology) or rudder stock (English terminology) of a boat in order to provide the leverage for the helmsman to turn the rudder. ... Wheel of the French carrier Clémenceau. ...


Adjustable steering wheels

1963 General Motors image showing the movement range of its tilt wheel feature. Notice how the angle of the wheel changes as the wheel is moved upward and downward.
1963 General Motors image showing the movement range of its tilt wheel feature. Notice how the angle of the wheel changes as the wheel is moved upward and downward.

Tilt Wheel
Developed by General Motors Saginaw Steering Gear Division, the seven position Tilt wheel was made available in several General Motors products in 1963. Originally a luxury option on cars, the tilt function helps to adjust the steering wheel by moving the wheel through an arc in an up and down motion. Tilt Steering Wheels rely upon a ratchet joint located in the steering column just below the steering wheel. By disengaging the ratchet lock, the wheel can be adjusted upward or downward while the steering column remains stationary below the joint. Some designs place the pivot slightly forward along the column, allowing for a fair amount of vertical movement of the steering wheel with little actual tilt, while other designs place the pivot almost inside the steering wheel, allowing adjustment of the angle of the steering wheel with almost no change it its height. Image File history File links Oldsmobile63tiltsteering. ... Image File history File links Oldsmobile63tiltsteering. ... This article is about the company. ...


Telescope Wheel
Developed by General Motors Saginaw Steering Gear Division, the telescoping wheel can be be adjusted to an infinate number of positions in a three inch range. The Tilt and Telescope steering wheel was introduced as a exclusive option on Cadillac automobiles in 1965. This article is about the company. ... Cadillac is a brand of luxury automobile, part of General Motors, produced and mostly sold in the United States and Canada; outside of North America, they have been less successful. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ...


Adjustable Steering Column
In contrast, an adjustable steering column allows the steering wheel height to be adjusted with only a small, useful change in tilt. Most of these systems work with compression locks or electric motors instead of ratchet mechanisms; the latter may be capable of moving to a memorized position when a given driver uses the car, or of moving up and forward for entry or exit.


Swing-away Steering Wheel
Introduced on the 1961 Ford Thunderbird, and made available on other Ford products throughout the 1960s, the Swing-away steering wheel allowed the steering wheel to move nine inches to the right when the transmission selector was in Park, so as to make driver exit and entry easier. 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... The Ford Thunderbird is a car manufactured in the United States by the Ford Motor Company. ... Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ...


Buttons on the steering wheel

The first button added to the steering wheel was a switch to activate the car's electric Horn. Traditionally located on the steering wheel hub or center pad, the horn switch was sometimes placed on the steering wheel spokes or activated via a decorative horn ring. The Rim Blow steering wheel integrated the horn switch into the steering wheel rim itself.
A horn is a tapered sound-guide designed to provide an acoustic impedance match between a sound-producing device and the characteristic impedance of free space. ... Rim Blow was a type of Steering wheel featured on several American automobiles in the period 1969-1973. ...


In the 1990s new buttons began to appear on automobile steering wheels. audio system, the telephone and voice control, acoustic repetition of the last navigation instruction, infotainment system, and on board computer functions can be operated comfortably and safely using buttons on the steering wheel. This ensures a high standard of additional safety since the driver is able in this way to control and operate many systems without even taking his hands off the wheel or his eyes off the road. Germans dancing on the Berlin Wall in late 1989, the symbol of the cold war divide falls down as the world unites in the 1990s. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... It has been suggested that Voice command device be merged into this article or section. ... Infotainment refers to a general type of media broadcast program which provides a combination of current events news and feature news, or features stories. Infotainment also refers to the segments of programming in television news programs which overall consist of both hard news segments and interviews, along with celebrity interviews...


The scroll buttons can be used to set volume levels or page through menus. Scroll can have different meanings: A scroll is a roll of parchment, papyrus, or paper which has been drawn or written upon. ... A small flat button Metal, plastic, and leather shank buttons. ...


The buttons can be adjusted manually for reach and height. In the application of statistics to advertising and media analysis, reach is defined as the size of the audience who listen to, read, view or otherwise access a particular work in a given time period. ... Height is a measurement of the distance from the bottom to the top of something which is upright. ...


Gaming imitations

Certain input devices (originating in arcade machines) are available for computers and console games are designed to look and feel like a steering wheel, and are intended for use in racing games. The more inexpensive ones are just paddle controllers with a larger wheel, but some go so far as to employ force feedback to simulate the tactile feedback a real driver feels from a steering wheel. This good feedback from the steering contributes to steering "feel" and is one of the hallmarks of a true "driver's car" or sports car. A number of devices, called input devices, are used for entering data into a machine, typically a computer. ... A BlueGene supercomputer cabinet. ... A console game is a form of interactive multimedia used for entertainment. ... A race is a competition of speed. ... A paddle is a game controller with a round wheel and one or more fire buttons, where the wheel is typically used to control movement of the player object along one axis of the video screen. ... Haptic means pertaining to the technology of touch. ... It has been suggested that Feedback loop be merged into this article or section. ... A hallmark is an official marking made by a trusted party, guardians of the craft or nowadays by an assay office, on items made of precious metals (platinum, gold and silver) that guarantees a certain purity of the metal. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...


Trivia

On April 1, 2005, advertisements by BMW in Britain's broadsheet press claimed that forthcoming EU legislation would prohibit the use of right-hand drive vehicles on the continent by 2008. The advertisements furthermore claimed that BMW had devised a centrally-located "no-hands drive" control system, developed by a "Dr Bitt-Fischi"; a tie-in website was located at uninventthewheel.co.uk. However, this was just an April fools day joke as stated on the website. April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Steering wheel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1118 words)
The steering wheel is the part of the steering system that is manipulated by the driver; the rest of the steering system responds to the movements of the steering wheel.
Steering wheels for passenger automobiles are usually circular, the wheel being attached to the steering column by one or more spokes (though a single spoke wheel is a rather rare exception).
Water vessels not steered from a stern-mounted tiller are directed with the ship's wheel, which may have inspired the concept of the steering wheel.
Steering Wheel Replacement (2293 words)
This 13.8" diameter wheel (slightly smaller than the Mazda factory wheel diameter of 14.2") is made of Italian Zebrano wood with thick brushed aluminum spokes at the three, six, and nine o'clock positions.
This pigtail is the cable that terminates in the blue/orange connectors to the airbag and horn.
Finger-tighten the steering wheel nut on the shaft and attach the steering wheel and horn collar to the hub using the six Allen head screws supplied.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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