Susanna and the Elders by Artemisia Gentileschi

Susanna or Shoshana (Hebrew: שׁוֹשַׁנָּה, Standard Šošanna Tiberian Šôšannāh ; Egyptian loan: "lily") is considered apocryphal by Protestants, but is included in the Book of Daniel (as chapter 13) by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. It's listed in Article VI of the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England^[1]. Jews recognize it as a morality tale, but not part of the Tanakh. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (750x1057, 128 KB) Susanna and the Elders (1610) by Artemisia Gentileschi Oil on canvas, 170 x 121 cm, Schloss Weissenstein, Pommersfelden Found at Web Gallery of Art. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (750x1057, 128 KB) Susanna and the Elders (1610) by Artemisia Gentileschi Oil on canvas, 170 x 121 cm, Schloss Weissenstein, Pommersfelden Found at Web Gallery of Art. ... Self-portrait (1630s) Artemisia Gentileschi (July 8, 1593 - 1653) was an Italian Early Baroque painter, today considered one of the most accomplished painters in the generation influenced by Caravaggio (Caravaggisti). ... “Hebrew” redirects here. ... “Hebrew” redirects here. ... Tiberian Hebrew is an oral tradition of pronunciation for ancient forms of Hebrew, especially the Hebrew of the Tanakh, that was given written form by masoretic scholars in the Jewish community at Tiberias in the early Middle Ages, beginning in the 8th century. ... Apocrypha (from the Greek word απόκρυφα meaning those having been hidden away[1]) are texts of uncertain authenticity or writings where the authorship is questioned. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... For other uses, see Book of Daniel (disambiguation). ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Eastern Orthodox Church is a Christian body that views itself as: the historical continuation of the original Christian community established by Jesus Christ and the Twelve Apostles, having maintained unbroken the link between its clergy and the Apostles by means of Apostolic Succession. ... The Thirty-Nine Articles are the defining statements of Anglican doctrine. ... The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[1] in England, and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion. ... Tanakh (Hebrew: ‎) (also Tanach, IPA: or , or Tenak, is an acronym that identifies the Hebrew Bible. ...

As the story goes, a fair Hebrew wife is falsely accused by lecherous voyeurs. As she bathes in her garden, having sent her attendants away, two lusty elders secretly observe the lovely Susanna. When she makes her way back to her house, they accost her, threatening to claim that she was meeting a young man in the garden unless she agrees to make love to them. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The word lust means sexual desire (this meaning is sometimes metaphorically extended to other forms of desire, e. ... Voyeurism is a practice in which an individual derives sexual pleasure from observing other people. ...

She refuses to be blackmailed, and is arrested and about to be put to death when a young man named Daniel interrupts the proceedings. After separating the two men, they are questioned about details of what they saw, but disagree about the tree under which Susanna supposedly met her lover. In the Greek text, the names of the trees cited by the elders form puns with the sentence given by Daniel. The first says they were under a mastic (υπο σχινον, hupo schinon), and Daniel says that an angel stands ready to cut (σχισει, schisei) him in two. The second says they were under an evergreen oak tree (υπο πρινον, hupo prinon), and Daniel says that an angel stands ready to saw (πρισαι, prisai) him in two. The great difference in size between a mastic and an oak makes the elders' lie plain to all the observers. The false accusers are put to death, and virtue triumphs. This article is about the Biblical figure called Daniel. ... A pun (also known as paronomasia) is a figure of speech, or word play which consists of a deliberate confusion of similar words within a phrase or phrases for rhetorical effect, whether humorous or serious. ... Binomial name Pistacia lentiscus L. Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) is an evergreen shrub or small tree growing to 3–4&nsbp;m tall, mainly cultivated on the Greek island of Chios,[1] but it is also native throughout the Mediterranean region, from Morocco and Iberia east to Syria and Israel and... A Gothic angel in ivory, c1250, Louvre An angel is a supernatural being found in many religions. ... Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus, and some related genera, notably Cyclobalanopsis and Lithocarpus. ...

Susanna and the old men. Guercino

The Greek puns in the texts have been cited by some as proof that the text never existed in Hebrew or Aramaic, but other researchers have suggested pairs of words for trees and cutting that sound similar enough to suppose that they could have been used in an original. The Anchor Bible uses "yew" and "hew" and "clove" and "cleave" to get this effect in English. Others suggest that the puns were added by the Greek translator and say nothing about the original form of the text. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1576x1304, 229 KB) Description: Title: de: Susanna und die beiden Alten Technique: de: Leinwand Dimensions: de: 175 × 207 cm Country of origin: de: Italien Current location (city): de: Madrid Current location (gallery): de: Museo del Prado Other notes: Source: The Yorck... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1576x1304, 229 KB) Description: Title: de: Susanna und die beiden Alten Technique: de: Leinwand Dimensions: de: 175 × 207 cm Country of origin: de: Italien Current location (city): de: Madrid Current location (gallery): de: Museo del Prado Other notes: Source: The Yorck... The Italian painter Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (1591—1666) known as Guercino, was born at Cento, a village not far from Bologna. ... “Hebrew” redirects here. ... Aramaic is a group of Semitic languages with a 3,000-year history. ... The Anchor Bible Project, consisting of the Anchor Bible Commentary Series, Anchor Bible Dictionary and Anchor Bible Reference Library is a scholarly and commercial co-venture that began in 1956, when individual volumes in the commentary series began production. ... Genera Taxaceae sensu stricto Taxus Pseudotaxus Austrotaxus — Cephalotaxaceae Torreya Amentotaxus Cephalotaxus The family Taxaceae, commonly called the yew family, includes three genera and about 7 to 12 species of coniferous plants, or in other interpretations (see Classification, below), six genera and about 30 species. ... Binomial name Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry A single dried clove flower bud Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

The Greek text survives in two versions. The Septuagint's text appears only in the Codex Chisianus. The version of Theodotion, is the one that appears in Roman Catholic bibles. It was regarded as a part of the Daniel literature and was placed at the beginning of the Book of Daniel in manuscripts of the Old Testament. Jerome placed it at the end of Daniel, with a notice that it is not found in the Hebrew Bible. The Septuagint: A page from Codex vaticanus, the basis of Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brentons English translation. ... Theodotion (mid- 2nd century AD) was a Hellenistic Jewish scholar[1], perhaps working in Ephesus [2], who translated the Hebrew Bible into Greek, but whether he was revising the Septuagint, as most readers think, or was working from manuscripts that represented a parallel tradition that has not survived is debated. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... “Saint Jerome” redirects here. ...

The early Christian consensus accepted the Susanna tale as canonical^{[citation needed]}. Julius Africanus was the exception. Origen observes (in Epistola ad Africanum) that it was "hidden" (compare "apocrypha") by the Jews in some fashion. There are no early Jewish references to the book. Sextus Julius Africanus, a Christian traveller and historian of the 3rd century, was probably born in Libya, and may have served under Septimius Severus against the Osrhoenians in AD 195. ... Origen Origen (Greek: Ōrigénēs, 185–ca. ... Apocrypha (from the Greek word απόκρυφα meaning those having been hidden away[1]) are texts of uncertain authenticity or writings where the authorship is questioned. ...

The story was frequently painted from about 1500, not least because of the possibilities it offered for a prominent nude female. Some treatments emphasize the drama, others concentrate on the nude; a 19th century version by Francesco Hayez (National Gallery, London) has no elders visible at all. The American opera Susannah by Carlisle Floyd, which takes place in the American South of the 20th century, is inspired by this story, though the ending is changed. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Kiss by Francesco Hayez Francesco Hayez (1791-1882) was the leading homosexual artist of Romanticism in mid-19th-century Milan, renowned for his great historical paintings, political allegories and exceptionally fine portraits External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Francesco Hayez More information Categories: ‪Artist stubs&#x202c... Londons National Gallery, founded in 1824, its elegant dome and graceful colonnades,dominating the north side of Trafalgar Square, houses a rich collection of over 2,300 paintings from 1250 to 1900. ... Suannah an opera by American opera composer Carlisle Floyd (b. ... Carlisle Floyd (born 1926 in Latta, South Carolina) is an American opera composer. ... Historic Southern United States. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...

References

1. ^ Article VI at episcopalian.org

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Susanna and the Elders

• Jewish Encyclopedia: Susanna
• World Wide Study Bible: Susanna
• Daniel 13 in the New American Bible