Flag Coat of arms
Capital	Tartu
Governor	Esta Tamm
Area	2,993 km² (6th)
Population (as of 2004)  - Density	148,872 (3rd) 49.7/km² (3rd)
ISO 3166-2	EE-74

Tartu County (Estonian: Tartu maakond), or Tartumaa, is one of 15 counties of Estonia. Image File history File links Tartumaa_flag. ... Image File history File links Description: Coat of arms of Tartu County, Estonia. ... The flags of the 15 Counties of Estonia are all white and green, with the Coat of Arms of the respective County on the white part. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... County Tartu County Mayor Laine Jänes Area 38. ... HI A governor is also, a monkey who is smart and can fly like a penguin is a device that regulates the speed of a machine. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Missing image Counties of Estonia By population By area By density ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... World map of the population density in 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... Missing image Counties of Estonia By population By area By density ... Missing image Counties of Estonia By population By area By density ... ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard. ... ISO 3166-2:EE Here is the list of the ISO 3166-2 codes for the counties of Estonia. ... Image File history File links Tartumaa. ... A County (est: maakond) is an administrative subdivision of Estonia. ...

It is located in eastern Estonia bordering to Põlva County, Valga County, Viljandi County and Jõgeva County. Põlvamaa is a county of Estonia. ... Valgamaa is a county of Estonia. ... Viljandi County or Viljandimaa (Estonian: Viljandi maakond or Viljandimaa) is a County or maakond of Estonia. ... Jõgeva County or Jõgevamaa (Estonian: Jõgeva maakond or Jõgevamaa) is one of the counties of Estonia. ...

The area of Tartu County is 2,992.74 km², which covers 6.9% of the territory of Estonia. The population of the county is 148,992, which is 11.0% of the population of Estonia. The city of Tartu is the centre of the county located at a distance of 186 km from Tallinn. Tartu County is divided into 22 local governments — 3 urban and 19 rural municipalities. County Tartu County Mayor Laine Jänes Area 38. ... County Harju County Mayor Jüri Ratas Area 159. ...

Geography

Tartu County lies in South Estonia, between Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipsi. Estonia's only navigable river, River Emajõgi (100 km long), flows through the county, connecting Lake Peipsi and Lake Võrtsjärv. Wavy plains are typical landscapes of Tartu County. One third of the county is covered with forests, a third is cultivated. A quarter is made up of wetlands at the headwaters and lower course of the Emajõgi. In the northern part of the county, there are drumlin fields with lakes between them. Nature preserves take up about 10% of the county's territory, the biggest of them being Emajõe Suursoo and Alam-Pedja. Lake Peipsi (Estonian: Peipsi järv, Russian: Чудское озеро(Chud Lake), German: Peipus-See) is a large lake, on the border between Estonia and Russia in Eastern Europe. ... The Emajõgi (German: Embach, Latvian: MÄ“tra, Võro: Imäjõgi) is a river in Estonia which flows from Lake Võrtsjärv through Tartu County into Lake Peipus. ... Drumlin in Cato, New York A drumlin (Gaelic druim the crest of a hill) is an elongated whale-shaped hill formed by glacial action. ...

History

Archaeological findings suggest that people first inhabited the territory of the current Tartu County about 5000 years ago. City of Tartu was first mentioned in historical records in 1030, then a site of a wooden stronghold. In 1224, after the conquest of the stronghold by the German invaders, Tartu became the capital of a diocese, stretching from Northern Estonia to Latvia. Since the 13th century, Tartu belonged to the Hanseatic League, and the town became a well-known trade centre in the Baltic Sea region. King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden established the University of Tartu in 1632. Estonia's first teachers' training school was established in Tartu County in 1684, as well as the first Estonian schools for the children of peasants. Closed during and after the Great Northern War, Tartu University was re-opened in 1802 as the only university operating in German language in the Russian Empire. Economic development of the region was further encouraged by the construction of the railway connecting Tartu with Tallinn, Riga and St. Petersburg. In the second half of the 19th century, the national awakening of Estonians began from Tartu region. After Estonia gained independence in 1918, Tartu, along with Tallinn, became one of the two main cultural centres of Estonia, where most of the Estonian intelligentsia of the time lived and worked. In 1987-1989, the students' environmental and cultural heritage movement in Tartu initiated Estonia's Singing Revolution and restoration of the country's independence. Events July 29 - Battle of Stiklestad in Norway. ... // Events Foundation of the University of Naples Livonian Brothers of the Sword conquers Latgallians Last of Arabs expelled from Sicily Births Deaths Cathal Crobdearg Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht (born 1153) Hojo Yoshitoki, regent of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan (born 1163) Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the... The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 20°E to 26°E longitude. ... Gustav II Adolph Gustav II Adolph (December 9, 1594 - November 6, 1632) (also known as Gustav Adolph the Great, under the Latin name Gustavus Adolphus or the Swedish form Gustav II Adolf) was a King of Sweden. ... The University of Tartu (Estonian: Tartu Ãœlikool, German: Universität Dorpat) is the national university of Estonia, and the one classical university in Estonia, located in the city of Tartu. ... See also: 1632 (novel) Events February 22 - Galileos Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published July 23 - 300 colonists for New France depart Dieppe November 8 - Wladyslaw IV Waza elected king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth after Zygmunt III Waza death November 16 - Battle of Lützen... Events France under Louis XIV makes Truce of Ratisbon separately with the Empire and Spain. ... The Great Northern War was the war fought between a coalition of Russia, Denmark-Norway and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) on one side and Sweden on the other side from 1700 to 1721. ... --69. ... German (called Deutsch in German; in German the term germanisch is equivalent to English Germanic), is a member of the western group of Germanic languages and is one of the worlds major languages. ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... Riga (Latvian: RÄ«ga), the capital of Latvia, is situated on the Baltic Sea coast on the mouth of the River Daugava, at . ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Singing revolution is the common title for events in 1988 - 1990 that led to the renewal of independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. ...

Economy

Tartu County is an integrated economic system and labour area with its centre in the City of Tartu. County Tartu County Mayor Laine Jänes Area 38. ...

There are 6000 companies and 2000 self-employed persons registered in Tartu County. More than 80% of the companies employ 10 or fewer people, only 5 companies in the whole region have more than 250 employees.

Service sector provides 2/3 of the employment in the county. The City of Tartu is the service and logistics centre for the whole of South Estonia. A significant part of these jobs are in the public sector – especially education and medicine - and the biggest employer in the county is Tartu University Clinics with around 3000 employees, incl 455 doctors. The biggest private sector employer is Tarmeko, producing furniture and components, with 900 employees. Unemployment rate in the county has been 2-3% in the recent years. In economics and marketing, a service is the non-material equivalent of a good. ... Look up Logistics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... < [[[[math>Insert formula here</math>The public sector is that part of economic and administrative life that deals with the delivery of goods and services by and for the [[government </math></math></math></math> Direct administration funded through taxation; the delivering organisation generally has no specific requirement to meet commercial... Medicine is the branch of health science and the sector of public life concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury. ... The private sector of a nations economy consists of those entities which are not controlled by the state - i. ... An 1837 political cartoon about unemployment in the United States. ...

Typical products of Tartu County are furniture, foodstuffs, clothes, building materials, glass and plastics. The main export target countries are Finland, Germany, Latvia and Russia. 40% of the exports is wood and furniture, other export production includes machinery and appliances, building materials, glass and clothing. Thanks to the fertile lands, there are many big agricultural enterprises in the West of the county. Fishery is an important activity on the coast of Lake Peipsi. Lake Peipsi (Estonian: Peipsi järv, Russian: Чудское озеро(Chud Lake), German: Peipus-See) is a large lake, on the border between Estonia and Russia in Eastern Europe. ...

There is development potential for knowledge intensive production in the region due to its universities. Some successful spin-offs of Tartu University are operating in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine. Since 2004, several ICT companies, orientated on the international markets, have been growing fast. The University of Tartu (Estonian: Tartu Ülikool, German: Universität Dorpat) is the national university of Estonia, and the one classical university in Estonia, located in the city of Tartu. ... The structure of insulin Biotechnology is a technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The initialism ICT has several meanings: abbreviation for Information and Communication Technology abbreviation for Indochina Time UTC+7 hours Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C., a football team playing in Scottish Premier League International Computers and Tabulators, former name of a British computer industry company Information and Communications Technology intra-company...

In order to facilitate innovation and technology transfer, Tartu Science Park is offering incubation and consultation services to research-based and high-tech oriented companies, and promoting cooperation between research institutions. Tartu University Institute of Technology is a research and development institution, which aims to facilitate the generation of new technological solutions. The R&D centres have been established in the areas of material and chemical technology, biomedical technology, environmental technology and information technology. By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a level of technological mastery sufficient to leave the surface of the planet for the first time and explore space. ... The phrase research and development (also R and D or R&D) has a special commercial significance apart from its conventional coupling of research and technological development. ...

The key actors of the region have signed an agreement about the county's development strategy, which is economic and social development through increase of the knowledge input into production and services.

Economic development priorities:

1. Modernization of studying and working environment, technologies and methods in the schools and universities; internationalization of the universities; development of vocational and technical education;
2. support of entrepreneurship and start-ups, increase of knowledge input to the production;
3. improvement of living environment and social infrastructure of regional centres in the rural areas;
4. enhancement of international availability by roads, transport and communications networks.

Education and Culture

Tartu County has 69 schools with approximately 23 000 pupils. 11 vocational schools provide practical training in 50 specialities. 40% of Estonia's students live and study in Tartu. In addition to the University of Tartu and the Estonian University of Life Sciences there are 9 other institutions of higher education, the most recent of them the Baltic Defence College. The University of Tartu (Estonian: Tartu Ülikool, German: Universität Dorpat) is the national university of Estonia, and the one classical university in Estonia, located in the city of Tartu. ... The Estonian University of Life Sciences is the only university in Estonia whose priorities in academic and research activities provide the sustainable development of natural resources necessary for the existence of Man as well as the preservation of heritage and habitat. ... The Baltic Defence College (offical acronym BALTDEFCOL, commonly also BDCOL) is a multi-lateral co-operative military college which educates officers from not only the three Baltic States, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, but also from NATO and EU States and other European States as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia and Romania. ...

In the City of Tartu, Estonia's oldest professional theatre, Vanemuine, stages drama, opera and ballet. In 1869 the first Estonian Song Festival was held in Tartu, starting a tradition of choral song festivals which are now held in Tallinn every 4 years with 15,000-30,000 participants. Today Tartu Song Festival arena hosts various open-air concerts in summer. There are over 30 museums and art galleries in Tartu County, including Tartu City Museum, Tartu Art Museum, Toy Museum, Sport Museum, Post Museum, Aviation Museum, Museum of Agriculture, Old-Believers' Museum of Living History, and others. Student festivals and Hanseatic festivals take place in Tartu regularly. The best known sports event hosted by Tartu County is the Tartu Ski Marathon, which is a member of the Worldloppet series. Vanemuine is the oldest theatre in Estonia. ... County Harju County Mayor Jüri Ratas Area 159. ... The Worldloppet Ski Federation is a federation of long distance cross-country skiing events. ...

Government

In Estonia, there is no regional self-government on county level. The County Governments (Estonian: Maavalitsus) are led by County Governors (Estonian: maavanem), who are appointed by the National Government.

In accordance with the Government of the Republic Act [1] , the County Governor represents interests of the state in the county and provides for integral and balanced development of the county. The County Governor co-ordinates co-operation of ministries and other organs of executive power located in a county with its local governments and performs supervision over the activities of the local governments. The County Governor is appointed for a five-year term by the Government of the Republic, on the basis of the Prime Minister’s proposal and in co-ordination with the representatives of the local governments.

On February 2, 2006, Esta Tamm was appointed Tartu County Governor. She assumed office February 15, 2006. February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The County Government manages the operations of and provides support services to the County Governor; prepares draft documents required by the County Governor; manages and controls the execution of orders of the County Governor; manages the preparation of draft budgets of state agencies administered by the County Government, and controls adherence to the budgets; manages relations of the County Governor with government agencies and local government agencies.

Municipalities

The county is subdivided into municipalities. There are 3 urban municipalities (Estonian: linn - "town") and 19 rural municipalities (Estonian: vald) in Tartu County. This is a list of the rural municipalities (vallad, singular - vald) of Estonia. ...

Urban municipalities:

• Elva
• Kallaste
• Tartu

Rural municipalities: Elva is a town in Tartu County, Estonia. ... County Tartu County Mayor Viktor Klotško Area 1. ... County Tartu County Mayor Laine Jänes Area 38. ...

• Alatskivi
• Haaslava
• Kambja
• Konguta
• Laeva
• Luunja
• Meeksi
• Mäksa
• Nõo
• Peipsiääre
• Piirissaare
• Puhja
• Rannu
• Rõngu
• Tartu
• Tähtvere
• Vara
• Võnnu
• Ülenurme

Miscellaneous topics

The villages of the Old Believers on the shore of Lake Peipsi are unique in the whole Europe. Detail of the painting Boyarynya Morozova by Vasily Surikov depicting a defiant Old Believer arrested by Czarist authorities in 1671. ...

External links

• Tartu County - Official site
• City of Tartu
• Baltic Defence College, Tartu
• University of Tartu
• Estonian University of Life Sciences
• Tartu County Tourist Information

Counties of Estonia

Harju | Hiiu | Ida-Viru | Järva | Jõgeva | Lääne | Lääne-Viru | Pärnu | Põlva | Rapla | Saare | Tartu | Valga | Viljandi | Võru A County (est: maakond) is an administrative subdivision of Estonia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Estonia. ... Capital Tallinn Governor Värner Lootsmann Area 4,333 km² (2nd) Population (as of 2004)  - Density 521,410 (1st) 120. ... Capital Kärdla Governor Hannes Maasel Area 1,023 km² (15th) Population (as of 2004)  - Density 10,289 (15th) 10. ... Capital Jõhvi Governor Ago Silde Area 3,364 km² (5th) Population (as of 2004)  - Density 174,809 (2nd) 52/km² (2nd) ISO 3166-2 EE-44 Ida-Viru County (est: Ida-Viru maakond), or Ida-Virumaa, is one of 15 counties of Estonia. ... Järva County or Järvamaa (Estonian: Järva maakond or Järvamaa) is one of the counties of Estonia. ... Jõgeva County or Jõgevamaa (Estonian: Jõgeva maakond or Jõgevamaa) is one of the counties of Estonia. ... Lääne County, or Lääne maakond, is a County or maakond of Estonia. ... Lääne-Viru County, Western Virumaa or Western Vironia (Estonian: Lääne-Viru maakond or Lääne-Virumaa) is a County or maakond of Estonia. ... Pärnu County (Estonian: Pärnumaa) is a County (maakond) in the country of Estonia. ... Põlvamaa is a county of Estonia. ... Rapla County, or Rapla maakond, is a County or maakond of Estonia. ... Saare County, or Saare maakond, is a county or maakond of Estonia. ... Valgamaa is a county of Estonia. ... Viljandi County or Viljandimaa (Estonian: Viljandi maakond or Viljandimaa) is a County or maakond of Estonia. ... Capital Võru Governor Ãœlo Tulik Area 2,305 km² (12th) Population (as of 2004)  - Density 38,967 (7th) 16. ...