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Encyclopedia > Temperature conversion formulas

Contents


Comparison of temperature scales

Comparison of temperature scales
Comment Kelvin Celsius Fahrenheit Rankine Delisle Newton Réaumur Rømer
Absolute zero 0 −273.15 −459.67 0 559.725 −90.14 −218.52 −135.90
Fahrenheit's ice/salt mixture 255.37 −17.78 0 459.67 176.67 −5.87 −14.22 −1.83
Water freezes (at standard pressure) 273.15 0 32 491.67 150 0 0 7.5
Average human body temperature ¹ 310.0 36.8 98.2 557.9 94.5 12.21 29.6 26.925
Water boils (at standard pressure) 373.15 100 212 671.67 0 33 80 60
Titanium melts 1941 1668 3034 3494 −2352 550 1334 883
The surface of the Sun 5800 5526 9980 10440 −8140 1823 4421 2909

¹ Normal human body temperature is 36.8 °C ±0.7 °C, or 98.2 °F ±1.3 °F. The commonly given value 98.6 °F is simply the exact conversion of the nineteenth-century German standard of 37 °C. Since it does not list an acceptable range, it could therefore be said to have excess (invalid) precision. Here's a list of various measurements.
Some numbers in this table have been rounded off. The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. ... A degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701-1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ... Rankine is a now rarely used temperature scale named after the Scottish engineer and physicist William John Macquorn Rankine, who proposed it in 1859. ... The Delisle scale is a temperature scale invented in 1732 by the French astronomer Joseph-Nicolas Delisle (1688–1768). ... Around 1700, Isaac Newton (1642–1727) applied his mind to the problem of heat. ... The degree Réaumur is a unit of temperature named after René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, who first proposed it in 1731. ... Rømer is a disused temperature scale named after the Danish astronomer Ole Christensen Rømer, who proposed it in 1701. ... Absolute zero is a fundamental lower bound on the temperature of any macroscopic system. ... It is absolutely necessary to define the standard reference conditions of temperature and pressure when expressing a gas volume or a volumetric flow rate because the volume of a gas varies with the temperature and pressure of the gas. ... It is absolutely necessary to define the standard reference conditions of temperature and pressure when expressing a gas volume or a volumetric flow rate because the volume of a gas varies with the temperature and pressure of the gas. ... General Name, Symbol, Number titanium, Ti, 22 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 47. ... The photosphere of an astronomical object is the region at which the optical depth becomes one for a photon of wavelength equal to 5000 angstroms. ...


Kelvin

Kelvin
Celsius [°C] = [K] − 273.15 [K] = [°C] + 273.15
Fahrenheit [°F] = [K] · 9/5 − 459.67 [K] = ([°F] + 459.67) · 5/9
Rankine [°Ra] = [K] · 9/5 [K] = [°Ra] · 5/9
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([K] − 273.15) · 4/5 [K] = [°Ré] · 5/4 + 273.15
Newton [°N] = ([K] − 273.15) · 33/100 [K] = [°N] · 100/33 + 273.15
Rømer [°Rø] = ([K] − 273.15) · 21/40 + 7.5 [K] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 40/21 + 273.15
Delisle [°De] = (373.15 − [K]) · 3/2 [K] = 373.15 − [°De] · 2/3

The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. ...

Celsius

Degree Celsius
Kelvin [K] = [°C] + 273.15 [°C] = [K] − 273.15
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°C] · 9/5 + 32 [°C] = ([°F] − 32) · 5/9
Rankine [°Ra] = [°C] · 9/5 + 491.67 [°C] = ([°Ra] − 491.67) · 5/9
Réaumur [°Ré] = [°C] · 4/5 [°C] = [°Ré] · 5/4
Newton [°N] = [°C] · 33/100 [°C] = [°N] · 100/33
Rømer [°Rø] = [°C] · 21/40 + 7.5 [°C] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 40/21
Delisle [°De] = (100 − [°C]) · 3/2 [°C] = 100 − [°De] · 2/3

A degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701-1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ...

Fahrenheit

Degree Fahrenheit
Kelvin [K] = ([°F] + 459.67) · 5/9 [°F] = [K] · 9/5 − 459.67
Celsius [°C] = ([°F] − 32) · 5/9 [°F] = [°C] · 9/5 + 32
Rankine [°Ra] = [°F] + 459.67 [°F] = [°Ra] − 459.67
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([°F] − 32) · 4/9 [°F] = [°Ré] · 9/4 + 32
Newton [°N] = ([°F] − 32) · 11/60 [°F] = [°N] · 60/11 + 32
Rømer [°Rø] = ([°F] − 32) · 7/24 + 7.5 [°F] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 24/7 + 32
Delisle [°De] = (212 − [°F]) · 5/6 [°F] = 212 − [°De] · 6/5

Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ...

Rankine

Degree Rankine
Kelvin [K] = [°R] · 5/9 [°R] = [K] · 9/5
Celsius [°C] = [°R] · 5/9 − 273.15 [°R] = ([°C] + 273.15) · 9/5
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°R] − 459.67 [°R] = [°F] + 459.67
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([°R] · 5/9 + 273.15) · 4/5 [°R] = ([°Ré] · 5/4 − 273.15) · 9/5
Newton [°N] = ([°R] − 491.67) · 11/60 [°R] = [°N] · 60/11 + 491.67
Rømer [°Rø] = ([°R] − 491.67) · 7/24 + 7.5 [°R] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 24/7 + 491.67
Delisle [°De] = (671.67 − [°R]) · 5/6 [°R] = 671.67 − [°De] · 6/5

Rankine is a now rarely used temperature scale named after the Scottish engineer and physicist William John Macquorn Rankine, who proposed it in 1859. ...

Delisle

Degree Delisle
Kelvin [K] = 373.15 − [°De] · 2/3 [°De] = (373.15 − [K]) · 3/2
Celsius [°C] = 100 − [°De] · 2/3 [°De] = (100 − [°C]) · 3/2
Fahrenheit [°F] = 212 − [°De] · 6/5 [°De] = (212 − [°F]) · 5/6
Rankine [°Ra] = 671.67 − [°De] · 6/5 [°De] = (671.67 − [°Ra]) · 5/6
Réaumur [°Ré] = 80 − [°De] · 8/15 [°De] = (80 − [°Ré]) · 15/8
Newton [°N] = 33 − [°De] · 11/50 [°De] = (33 − [°N]) · 50/11
Rømer [°Rø] = 60 − [°De] · 7/20 [°De] = (60 − [°Rø]) · 20/7

The Delisle scale is a temperature scale invented in 1732 by the French astronomer Joseph-Nicolas Delisle (1688–1768). ...

Newton

Degree Newton
Kelvin [K] = [°N] · 100/33 + 273.15 [°N] = ([K] − 273.15) · 33/100
Celsius [°C] = [°N] · 100/33 [°N] = [°C] · 33/100
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°N] · 60/11 + 32 [°N] = ([°F] − 32) · 11/60
Rankine [°Ra] = [°N] · 60/11 + 491.67 [°N] = ([°Ra] − 491.67) · 11/60
Réaumur [°Ré] = [°N] · 80/33 [°N] = [°Ré] · 33/80
Rømer [°Rø] = [°N] · 35/22 + 7.5 [°N] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 22/35
Delisle [°De] = (33 − [°N]) · 50/11 [°N] = 33 − [°De] · 11/50

Around 1700, Isaac Newton (1642–1727) applied his mind to the problem of heat. ...

Réaumur

Degree Réaumur
Kelvin [K] = [°Ré] · 5/4 + 273.15 [°Ré] = ([K] − 273.15) · 4/5
Celsius [°C] = [°Ré] · 5/4 [°Ré] = [°C] · 4/5
Fahrenheit [°F] = [°Ré] · 9/4 + 32 [°Ré] = ([°F] − 32) · 4/9
Rankine [°Ra] = [°Ré] · 9/4 + 491.67 [°Ré] = ([°Ra] − 491.67) · 4/9
Newton [°N] = [°Ré] · 33/80 [°Ré] = [°N] · 80/33
Rømer [°Rø] = [°Ré] · 21/32 + 7.5 [°Ré] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 32/21
Delisle [°De] = (80 − [°Ré]) · 15/8 [°Ré] = 80 − [°De] · 8/15

The degree Réaumur is a unit of temperature named after René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, who first proposed it in 1731. ... The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. ... A degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701-1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ... Rankine is a now rarely used temperature scale named after the Scottish engineer and physicist William John Macquorn Rankine, who proposed it in 1859. ... Around 1700, Isaac Newton (1642–1727) applied his mind to the problem of heat. ... Rømer is a disused temperature scale named after the Danish astronomer Ole Christensen Rømer, who proposed it in 1701. ... The Delisle scale is a temperature scale invented in 1732 by the French astronomer Joseph-Nicolas Delisle (1688–1768). ...

Rømer

Degree Rømer
Kelvin [K] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 40/21 + 273.15 [°Rø] = ([K] − 273.15) · 21/40 + 7.5
Celsius [°C] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 40/21 [°Rø] = [°C] · 21/40 + 7.5
Fahrenheit [°F] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 24/7 + 32 [°Rø] = ([°F] − 32) · 7/24 + 7.5
Rankine [°Ra] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 24/7 + 491.67 [°Rø] = ([°Ra] − 491.67) · 7/24 + 7.5
Réaumur [°Ré] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 32/21 [°Rø] = [°Ré] · 21/32 + 7.5
Newton [°N] = ([°Rø] − 7.5) · 22/35 [°Rø] = [°N] · 35/22 + 7.5
Delisle [°De] = (60 − [°Rø]) · 20/7 [°Rø] = 60 − [°De] · 7/20

Rømer is a disused temperature scale named after the Danish astronomer Ole Christensen Rømer, who proposed it in 1701. ...

See also

This article lists conversion factors between a number of units of measurement. ...

External links

Temperature scales
Celsius Fahrenheit Kelvin
Delisle Leyden Newton Rankine Réaumur Rømer
Conversion formulas

  Results from FactBites:
 
Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Réaumur, and Rankine Temperature Conversion (1207 words)
Tc = (5/9)*(Tf-32); Tc = temperature in degrees Celsius, Tf = temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
Tf = (9/5)*Tc+32; Tc = temperature in degrees Celsius, Tf = temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
Conversion is very straight forward, though, strangely enough, the word degree is not used with the Kelvin scale.
Temperature - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article (2612 words)
Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of "hot" and "cold"; the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter.
The temperature of a system at thermodynamic equilibrium is defined by a relation between between the amount of heat \delta Q incident on the system during an infinitesimal quasistatic transformation, and the variation \delta S of its entropy during this transformation.
The temperature 0 K is called absolute zero and corresponds to the point at which the molecules and atoms have the least possible thermal energy.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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