Terra Mater or Tellus Mater was a goddess personifying the Earth in Roman mythology. The names Terra Mater and Tellus Mater both mean "Mother Earth" in Latin; Mater is an honorific title also bestowed on other goddesses. Romans appealed to her over earthquakes, and along with the grain goddess Ceres, she was responsible for the productivity of farmland. She was also associated with marriage, motherhood, pregnant women, and pregnant animals. Terra's Greek counterpart is Gaia, and as such, she was said to be the mother of Fama, the goddess of fame and rumor. Statue of Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture A goddess is a female deity, in contrast with a male deity known as a god. Many cultures have goddesses. ... Adjectives: Terrestrial, Terran, Telluric, Tellurian, Earthly Atmosphere Surface pressure: 101. ... Roman mythology, the mythological beliefs of the people of Ancient Rome, can be considered as having two parts. ... Mother Earth is a common metaphorical expression for the Earth and its biosphere as the giver and sustainer of life. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Global earthquake epicenters, 1963–1998. ... In Roman mythology, Ceres was the goddess of growing plants (particularly cereals) and of motherly love. ... Gaia (pronounced // or //) (land or earth, from the Greek ; variant spelling Gaea—see also Ge from ) is a Greek goddess personifying the Earth. ... In Greek mythology, Pheme (Φημη) (Roman equivalent: Fama) was the personification of fame and renown. ...

Some linguists studying the Indo-European languages believe that the two words Terra and Tellus derive from the formulaic phrase tersa tellus, meaning "dry land". If this is true, Tellus might be the more ancient version of the name. According to the Oxford Classical Dictionary, Terra refers to the element earth (one of the four basic elements of earth, air, water, and fire) and Tellus refers to the guardian deity of Earth and by extension the sphere upon which we live, the globe itself.^[1] Actual classical Latin usage does not necessarily appear to respect this distinction.^[2] The Indo-European languages comprise a family of several hundred related languages and dialects [1], including most of the major languages of Europe, as well as many spoken in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia), the Iranian plateau (Southwest Asia), and Central Asia. ... The Oxford Classical Dictionary (OCD) is the standard one-volume encyclopedia in English of topics relating to Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. ... Chinese Wood (木) | Fire (火) Earth (土) | Metal (金) | Water (水) Hinduism and Buddhism Vayu / Pavan — Air / Wind Agni / Tejas — Fire Akasha — Aether Prithvi / Bhumi — Earth Ap / Jala — Water Many ancient philosophies used a set of archetypal classical elements to explain patterns in nature. ...

A festival for Tellus called the Fordicia or Hordicidia was held every year on April 15; it involved the sacrifice of pregnant cows and was managed by the pontifex maximus and the Vestal Virgins. The Virgins kept the ashes of the fetal calves until they were used for purification at Parilia. Two festivals were held in January to mark the end of the winter sewing season, the Sementivae, celebrated in the city, and the Paganalia, celebrated mostly in rural areas. The first part of the Sementivae was held from January 24 to 26 in honor of Tellus, the second part honored Ceres and was held a week later. Roman festival for the god Tellus held April 15th where a pregnant cow was sacrified, the calf fetus burned, and the ashes saved for the Parilia fesival. ... April 15 is the 105th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (106th in leap years). ... COW is an acronym for a number of things: Can of worms The COW programming language, an esoteric programming language. ... Alternate meanings: see Pontifex (disambiguation) In Ancient Rome, the Pontifex Maximus was the high priest of the collegium of the Pontifices, the most august position in Roman religion, open only to a patrician, until 254 BC, when a plebeian first occupied this post. ... A vestal Virgin, engraving by Sir Frederick Leighton, ca 1890: Leightons artistic sense has won over his passion for historical accuracy in showing the veil over the Vestals head at sacrifices, the suffibulum, as translucent, instead of fine white wool. ... Parilia was a festival described in detail by Ovid in Fasti. ... Sementivae is the Roman festival of sowing in honor of Ceres, goddess of agriculture and Tellus, (Mother Earth). ... January 24 is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Tellus and Terra in science fiction

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References

1. ^ Hornblower, Simon and Spawforth, Antony, editors The Oxford Classical Dictionary Third Edition Oxford/New York: 1996 Oxford University Press--Article on Tellus Page 1480: "while Terra describes the element earth Tellus is the name of its protecting deity."
2. ^ Ovid, Fastis, line 1 ff., 67 ff., 105 ff., 469 ff. etc.

• Myth: Tellus Mater