Timothy James McVeigh
Born	April 23, 1968(1968-04-23) Pendleton, New York, U.S.A.
Died	June 11, 2001 (aged 33) Terre Haute, Indiana, U.S.A.
Charge(s)	Weapon of mass destruction, conspiracy, explosives, first-degree murder
Penalty	Death penalty
Status	Executed
Occupation	Army soldier, security guard
Parents	Bill and Mickey McVeigh[verification needed]

Timothy James McVeigh (April 23, 1968 – June 11, 2001), was a former decorated United States Army soldier and security guard who was convicted of eleven United States federal offenses, and ultimately executed for his role in the April 19th, 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. The bombing, which claimed 168 lives, was the deadliest act of terrorism within United States borders until the September 11, 2001 attacks and remains the deadliest incident of domestic terrorism in the United States. Image File history File linksMetadata Mcveighmugshot. ... is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location within Niagara County. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Terre Haute (pronounced ) is a city in Vigo County, Indiana near the states western border with Illinois. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a weapon which can kill large numbers of humans and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e. ... In the criminal law, a conspiracy is an agreement between natural persons to break the law at some time in the future, and, in some cases, with at least one overt act in furtherance of that agreement. ... This article is concerned solely with chemical explosives. ... Murder is both a legal and a moral term, that are not always coincident. ... Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ... Execution is a synonym for the actioning of something, of putting something into effect. ... For other uses, see Army (disambiguation). ... A security officer guards a construction site in the Peoples Republic of China. ... Timothy R. McVeigh was a member of the U.S. Navy, best known as the first person to ever win a case against the U.S. militarys Dont ask, dont tell policy. ... is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... In law, a conviction is the verdict which results when a court of law finds a defendant guilty of committing a crime. ... is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorist attack on April 19, 1995 aimed at the U.S. government in which the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was bombed in an office complex in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... A graph with 6 vertices (nodes) and 7 edges. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Biography

McVeigh was born in Lockport, New York, and raised in nearby Pendleton, New York. He was the middle child of three, and the only male child. He earned his high school diploma from Starpoint Central High School. His parents, Mildred Noreen ("Mickey") Hill and William McVeigh,^[1] divorced when he was 10. His parents were of Irish and German origin. McVeigh was known throughout his life as a loner; his only known affiliations were voter registration with the Republican Party when he lived in New York, and a membership in the National Rifle Association while in the military.^[2] Lockport is a city located in Niagara County, New York, United States. ... Location within Niagara County. ... Starpoint Central School District is a public schooling system consisting of elementary, intermediate, middle, and high school institutions. ... GOP redirects here. ... This article concerns the National Rifle Association of the USA. For the UK organisation, see National Rifle Association of the United Kingdom The National Rifle Association, or NRA, is a non-profit group for the promotion of marksmanship, firearm safety, and the protection of hunting and personal protection firearm rights...

Religious beliefs

After his parents' divorce, McVeigh lived with his father; his sisters moved to Florida with their mother. He and his father were devout Roman Catholics who often attended daily Mass. In a recorded interview with Time Magazine^[3] he professed his belief in "a God," although he said he had "sort of lost touch with," Catholicism and "never really picked it [back] up." The Guardian reported that McVeigh wrote a letter claiming to be an agnostic,^[4] though his execution included a Catholic ceremony. This article is about the U.S. State of Florida. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... For other uses of Mass, see Mass (disambiguation). ... (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... The term agnosticism and the related agnostic were coined by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1869. ... Execution is a synonym for the actioning of something, of putting something into effect. ...

Military career

In May 1988, he enlisted in the U.S. Army.^[5] He was a decorated veteran of the United States Army, having served in the Gulf War, where he was awarded a Bronze Star. He had been a top scoring gunner with the 25mm cannon of the light-armored Bradley Fighting Vehicles used by the U.S. 1st Infantry Division to which he was assigned. He served at Fort Riley, Kansas, before Operation Desert Storm. At Fort Riley, McVeigh completed the Primary Leadership Development Course (PLDC). Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... The United States Army is the largest and oldest branch of the armed forces of the United States. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... The Bronze Star Medal is a United States Armed Forces individual military decoration and is the fourth highest award for bravery, heroism or meritorious service. ... The M2 Bradley IFV (Infantry Fighting Vehicle) and M3 Bradley CFV (Cavalry Fighting Vehicle) are American infantry fighting vehicles manufactured by BAE Systems Land and Armaments, (formerly United Defense, originally FMC). ... The 1st Infantry Division of the United States Army —nicknamed “The Big Red One” after its shoulder patch—is the oldest continuously serving division in the United States Army. ... Fort Riley is a United States Army installation in northeastern Kansas, near Manhattan and Junction City. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... Primary Leadership Development Course or PLDC is the first course of study that must be attended by a U.S. Army non-commissioned officer candidate. ...

McVeigh wanted to join the Green Berets, the Army's elite special forces. After returning from The Gulf War, he entered the program for training to become a Green Beret, but dropped out after the second day of an early phase due to blisters from new boots sustained during a 5-mile march. Afterwards, McVeigh decided to leave the Army entirely, and was discharged on December 31, 1991.^[6] Blue Light redirects here. ... Blue Light redirects here. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar. ...

McVeigh was given his final honorable discharge from the Army reserve in May, 1992.

Post-military activities and lifestyle

After leaving the Army in 1992, McVeigh's lifestyle grew increasingly transient. At first he worked briefly near his hometown Pendleton, as a security guard. Then in 1993, he drove to Waco, Texas during the Waco Siege to sell bumper stickers. McVeigh spent time on the gun show circuit, moving from show to show. He sold copies of The Turner Diaries, and a flare gun that he said could shoot down an, "ATF helicopter."^[7][8] One author said, "In the gun show culture, McVeigh found a home. Though he remained skeptical of some of the most extreme ideas being bandied around, he liked talking to people there about the United Nations, the federal government, and possible threats to American liberty."^[9] For the Branch Davidian siege in Waco, Texas, see Waco Siege. ... Combatants ATF, FBI, U.S. Army Branch Davidians Commanders Assault: Phil Chojnacki Siege: Many David Koresh† Strength Assault: 75 ATF agents Siege: Hundreds of federal agents and soldiers 50+ men, 75+ women and children Casualties 4 dead, 21 wounded in assault 6 dead and 3+ wounded in assault, 79 dead... Houston gun show at the George R. Brown Convention Center. ... The Turner Diaries is a 1978 novel by Dr. William Luther Pierce (under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald), the late leader of the National Alliance, a white separatist organization. ... The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (abbreviated ATF, sometimes BATF or BATFE) is a United States federal agency; more specifically a specialized law enforcement and regulatory organization within the United States Department of Justice. ... UN redirects here. ...

McVeigh also used methamphetamines.^[10] Methamphetamine is a synthetic stimulant drug which induces a strong feeling of euphoria and is highly addictive. ...

Bombing

Main article: Oklahoma City bombing

Working at a lakeside campground near his old Army post, McVeigh constructed an ANNM explosive device mounted in the back of a rented Ford F-250. The bomb consisted of about 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg) of ammonium nitrate (an agricultural fertilizer) and nitromethane, an explosive motor-racing fuel. The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorist attack on April 19, 1995 aimed at the U.S. government in which the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was bombed in an office complex in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ... ANFO stands for ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (most often diesel fuel, sometimes kerosene or even molasses). ... Explosive devices, as used by terrorists, guerrillas or commando forces, are formally known as Improvised Explosive Devices or IEDs. ... 1955 Ford F-100 The F-Series is a series of full-size pickup trucks from Ford Motor Company sold for over 5 decades. ... Related Compounds Other anions Ammonium nitrite; ammonium perchlorate Other cations Sodium nitrate; potassium nitrate; hydroxylammonium nitrate Related compounds Nitrous oxide Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 Â°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references The chemical compound ammonium nitrate, the nitrate of... Flash point 35 °C R/S statement R: S: RTECS number PA9800000 Related compounds Related nitro compounds nitroethane Related compounds methyl nitrite methyl nitrate Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Nitromethane is an organic...

On April 19, 1995 McVeigh drove the truck to the front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building just as its offices and day care center opened for the day. Prosecutors said McVeigh ran away from the truck after he ignited a timed fuse in the front of the truck. At 9:02 a.m., a massive explosion collapsed the north half of the building. The explosion killed 168 people, and 850 were injured.^[11] The 168th victim, a rescue worker named Rebecca Anderson,^[12] died after the initial blast, when a piece of falling debris struck the back of her head.^[13] 19 of the victims were small children in the day care center, which was on the ground floor of the building. (Later, McVeigh did not express remorse for what he referred to as "collateral damage" deaths, but said he might have chosen a different target if he had known the day care center was open.^[14]) is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Alfred P. Murrah building four days before its demolition Alfred P. Murrah building during demolition Aerial view of Alfred P. Murrah building after bombing The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States Federal Government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ... Collateral damage is a U.S. Military term for unintended or incidental damage during a military operation. ...

According to the Oklahoma City Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism (MIPT), more than 300 buildings were damaged, and more than 12,000 volunteers and rescue workers were involved in the subsequent rescue, recovery, and support operations.

Arrest, trial, conviction, and sentencing

By tracing its Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), the FBI identified the rear axle found in the wreckage as coming from a Ryder Rental Junction City agency truck.^{[citation needed]} Workers at the agency assisted an FBI artist in creating a sketch of the renter, who had used the alias "Robert Kling."^{[citation needed]} The sketch was shown in the area, and on the same day, was identified by manager Lea McGown of the Dreamland Hotel as Timothy McVeigh.^{[citation needed]} VIN redirects here. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... Ryder NYSE: R is a popular truck rental and leasing company for companies distribution and supply chain efforts. ...

Shortly after the bombing, while driving on I-35 in Noble County, near Perry, Oklahoma, McVeigh was stopped by Charles J. Hanger, an Oklahoma Highway Patrol trooper from Pawnee, Oklahoma.^[15] Hanger had passed McVeigh's yellow 1977 Mercury Marquis and noticed it had no license plate. He arrested McVeigh for carrying a loaded firearm. He was wearing a T-shirt at that time with the motto: sic semper tyrannis, the state motto of Virginia, and also the words shouted by John Wilkes Booth after he shot Abraham Lincoln. The translation: Thus always to tyrants.^[16] Three days later, while still in jail, McVeigh was identified as the subject of the nationwide manhunt. Interstate 35 is an interstate highway in the central United States. ... Noble County is a county located in the state of Oklahoma. ... Perry is a city in Noble County, Oklahoma, United States. ... Pawnee is a city located in Pawnee County, Oklahoma. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... T-Shirt A T-shirt (or tee shirt) is a shirt with short or long sleeves, a round neck, put on over the head, without pockets. ... Great Seal of Virginia with the state motto. ... John Wilkes Booth (May 10, 1838 – April 26, 1865) assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, at Fords Theatre in Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865. ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ...

On August 10, 1995, McVeigh was federally indicted on 11 counts, including conspiracy to use a weapon of mass destruction, use of a weapon of mass destruction, destruction by explosives, and eight counts of first-degree murder.^[17] On October 20, 1995, the government filed notice it would seek the death penalty. is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...

On February 20, 1996, the Court granted a change of venue and ordered the case transferred from Oklahoma City to the US District Court in Denver, Colorado, to be presided over by U.S. District Judge Richard Matsch. is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... A change of venue is the legal term for moving a trial to a new location. ... Downtown Oklahoma City The State Capitol of Oklahoma From The South Motto: Nickname: Capital of the New Century Founded 1889 Incorporated County Oklahoma County Cleveland County Canadian County Borough {{{borough}}} Parrish {{{parrish}}} Mayor Mick Cornett Area  - Total  - Water 1,608. ... This article refers to the state capital of Colorado. ... Official language(s) English Demonym Coloradan Capital Denver Largest city Denver Largest metro area Denver-Aurora Metro Area Area  Ranked 8th in the US  - Total 104,185 sq mi (269,837 km²)  - Width 280 miles (451 km)  - Length 380 miles (612 km)  - % water 0. ...

McVeigh instructed his lawyers to use a necessity defense. They argued that his bombing of the Murrah building was a justifiable response to what McVeigh believed were the crimes of the U.S. government at Waco, Texas, during the 51-day siege of the Branch Davidian complex that resulted in the death of 76 Branch Davidian members.^[18] As part of his defense, McVeigh's lawyers showed the controversial video Waco: The Big Lie to the jury.^[19] In criminal law, necessity may be either a possible excuse or an exculpation for breaking the law. ... Combatants ATF, FBI, U.S. Army Branch Davidians Commanders Assault: Phil Chojnacki Siege: Many David Koresh† Strength Assault: 75 ATF agents Siege: Hundreds of federal agents and soldiers 50+ men, 75+ women and children Casualties 4 dead, 21 wounded in assault 6 dead and 3+ wounded in assault, 79 dead... The Branch Davidians are a religious sect which originated from a schism in 1955 from the Davidian Seventh Day Adventists, themselves former members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church who were disfellowshipped during the 1930s. ...

On June 2, 1997, McVeigh was found guilty on all 11 counts of the federal indictment.^[20] is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

On June 13, 1997, the jury recommended that McVeigh receive the death penalty.^[21] The U.S. Department of Justice brought federal charges against McVeigh for causing the deaths of the eight federal officers leading to a possible death penalty for McVeigh; it could not bring charges against McVeigh for the remaining 160 murders in federal court because those deaths fell under the jurisdiction of the state of Oklahoma. After McVeigh's conviction and sentencing (and after the Terry Nichols trial), The State of Oklahoma did not file murder charges against McVeigh for the other 160 deaths, as he had already been sentenced to death in the federal trial.^[22] is the 164th day of the year (165th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Terry Lynn Nichols (born April 1, 1955) was convicted of being an accomplice of Timothy McVeigh, the man convicted of murder in the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, April 19, 1995), which claimed 168 lives. ...

Death

McVeigh's death sentence was delayed pending an appeal. One of his appeals for certiorari, taken to the Supreme Court of the United States, was denied on March 8, 1999. He was executed by lethal injection at 7:14 a.m. on June 11, 2001, at the U.S. Federal Penitentiary in Terre Haute, Indiana. He had dropped all of his existing appeals, giving no reason for doing so. He was 33 years old. Certiorari (pronunciation: sər-sh(ē-)ə-ˈrer-ē, -ˈrär-ē, -ˈra-rē) is a legal term in Roman, English and American law referring to a type of writ seeking judicial review. ... The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS[1]) is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... This article is about the execution and euthanasia method. ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... The Federal Correctional Complex, Terre Haute, is a federal prison for adult males located at the intersection of State Road 63 and Springhill Drive, two miles southwest of Terre Haute, Indiana, United States. ... Terre Haute (pronounced ) is a city in Vigo County, Indiana near the states western border with Illinois. ...

McVeigh invited California conductor/composer David Woodard to perform a pre-requiem (a Mass for those who are about to die), on the eve of his execution. He had also requested a Catholic chaplain. Ave Atque Vale was performed under Woodard's baton by a local brass choir at St. Margaret Mary Church, located near the Terre Haute penitentiary, at 7:00 p.m. on June 10, to an audience that included the entirety of the next morning's witnesses. McVeigh chose William Ernest Henley's poem "Invictus" as his final statement. His final meal consisted of two pints of mint chocolate chip ice cream.^[23][24] McVeigh was the first convicted criminal to be executed by the United States federal government since Victor Feguer in Iowa on March 15, 1963. This page lists direct English translations of common Latin phrases, such as veni vidi vici and et cetera. ... is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... William Ernest Henley (August 23, 1849 - July 11, 1903) was a British poet, critic and editor. ... Invictus is a short poem by the British poet William Ernest Henley that is the source of a number of familiar clichés and quotations. ... The last meal is a traditional part of a condemned prisoners last day. ... Victor Feguer (1935 - March 15, 1963) was the last federal inmate in the United States before Timothy McVeigh to be executed, and the last person put to death in the state of Iowa. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ...

His body was cremated in the retort at Mattox Ryan Funeral home, in Terre Haute. The cremated remains were then given to his lawyer for disposition. McVeigh's remains were scattered in an undisclosed location. The crematorium at Haycombe Cemetery, Bath, England. ... Terre Haute is a city located in Vigo County, Indiana. ...

Motivations for the bombing

McVeigh claimed that the bombing was revenge for "what the U.S. government did at Waco and Ruby Ridge."^[25] He visited Waco during the standoff, where he spoke to a news reporter about his anger over what was happening there.^[26] Combatants ATF, FBI, U.S. Army Branch Davidians Commanders Assault: Phil Chojnacki Siege: Many David Koresh† Strength Assault: 75 ATF agents Siege: Hundreds of federal agents and soldiers 50+ men, 75+ women and children Casualties 4 dead, 21 wounded in assault 6 dead and 3+ wounded in assault, 79 dead... Ruby Ridge refers to a violent confrontation and siege involving Randy Weaver, his family, Weavers friend Kevin Harris, federal agents from the United States Marshals Service and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. ...

McVeigh frequently quoted and alluded approvingly to the white supremacist novel The Turner Diaries, which describes acts of terrorism similar to the crimes that he was convicted of perpetrating. Photocopies of pages sixty-one and sixty-two of The Turner Diaries were found in an envelope inside McVeigh's car. These pages depicted a fictitious mortar attack upon the U.S. Capitol in Washington.^[27] White supremacy is the variety of white nationalism that believes the white race should rule over other races. ... The Turner Diaries is a 1978 novel by Dr. William Luther Pierce (under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald), the late leader of the National Alliance, a white separatist organization. ... Terrorist redirects here. ...

In a book based on interviews before his execution, American Terrorist, McVeigh stated he decapitated an Iraqi soldier with cannon fire on his first day in the war, and celebrated. But he said he later was shocked to be ordered to execute surrendering prisoners, and to see carnage on the road leaving Kuwait City after U.S. troops routed the Iraqi army. In interviews following the Oklahoma City bombing, McVeigh said he began harboring anti-government feelings during the Gulf War.^[28] American Terrorist (2001) is a book by Lou Michel and Dan Herbeck that chronicles the life of American terrorist Timothy McVeigh from his military experiences in the Persian Gulf War until the Oklahoma City bombing. ... The Highway of Death A rusting tank at the Highway of Death, taken in February 2003 A sole, the only remaining part of a shoe, that lays where it was left by its wearer. ... Kuwait City Kuwait City (also Al-Kuwait - الكويت), population 32,403 (2005 Census), is the capital of the emirate of Kuwait and part of the Al-Asimah governorate. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ...

Accomplices

In addition to McVeigh, Terry Nichols was also convicted and sentenced in federal court to life in prison for his role in the crime. At Nichols' trial, evidence was presented indicating that others may have been involved. Several residents of central Kansas, including real estate agent Georgia Rucker and a retired Army NCO testified at the Terry Nichols federal trial that they had seen 2 trucks at Geary State Lake where prosecutors alleged the bomb was assembled. The retired NCO said he visited the lake on April 18, 1995, but left after a group of surly men looked at him aggressively. The operator of Dreamland Motel testified that two Ryder trucks had been parked outside her Grandview Plaza motel where McVeigh stayed in Room 26 the weekend before the bombing. Testimony suggested that McVeigh may have had several other accomplices, but no other individuals have been indicted for the bombing. Terry Lynn Nichols (born April 1, 1955) was convicted of being an accomplice of Timothy McVeigh, the man convicted of murder in the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, April 19, 1995), which claimed 168 lives. ... is the 108th day of the year (109th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...

An ATF informant, Carolyn Howe, told reporters that shortly before the bombing she had warned her handlers that guests of Elohim City, Oklahoma were planning a major bombing attack. McVeigh was issued a speeding ticket there at the same time. However, other than this speeding ticket, there is no evidence of a connection between McVeigh and members of the MidWest Bank Robbers at Elohim City. Elohim City is a private community in Adair County, Oklahoma founded by Richard G. Millar in 1973. ... The MidWest Bank Robbers is the name given to a criminal group active in the United States in the early 1990s. ... Elohim City is a private community in Adair County, Oklahoma founded by Richard G. Millar in 1973. ...

In February 2004, the FBI announced it would review its investigation after learning that agents in the investigation of the Midwest Bank Robbers (an alleged Aryan-oriented gang) had turned up explosive caps of the same type that were used to trigger the bomb. Agents expressed surprise that bombing investigators had not been provided information from the MidWest Bank Robbers investigation. McVeigh was given a one week delay prior to his execution while evidence relating to the Bank Robbers gang was presented to a court. The MidWest Bank Robbers is the name given to a criminal group active in the United States in the early 1990s. ... Aryan (/eərjən/ or /ɑːrjən/, Sanskrit: ) is a Sanskrit and Avestan word meaning noble/spiritual one. ...

McVeigh eventually declined any further delays and maintained until his death that he had acted alone in the bombing.

Islamist and Neo-Nazi conspiracy theories

In Others Unknown: Timothy McVeigh and the Oklahoma City Bombing Conspiracy, Stephen Jones, McVeigh's first, court-appointed lead defense counsel (prior to the death-penalty phase of the case), and Jones's co-author Peter Israel discuss several other possible suspects and continued to implicate Terry Nichols' brother, James.^[29] Stephen Jones is an attorney and Republican activist from Enid, Oklahoma. ...

Jones and Israel suggest in Others Unknown that Terry Nichols had crossed paths with suspected Islamic terrorists during his frequent visits to the Philippines before the attacks. Nichols' father-in-law at the time was a Philippine police officer who owned an apartment building often rented to Arabic-speaking students with alleged terrorist connections. Former counter-terrorism adviser on the U.S. National Security Council Richard A. Clarke suggests that the improvement in Nichols's bomb-making techniques, along with telephone calls to the region upon return to the U.S, points to a possible link to Philippines-based Islamist terrorists in Cebú and the southern islands. These accounts are detailed in Richard A. Clarke's 2004 work Against All Enemies, an accounting of his public service which spanned across several administrations. Terry Lynn Nichols (born April 1, 1955) was convicted of being an accomplice of Timothy McVeigh, the man convicted of murder in the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, April 19, 1995), which claimed 168 lives. ... Counter-terrorism refers to the practices, tactics, and strategies that governments, militaries, and other groups adopt in order to fight terrorism. ... Richard A. Clarke (born 1951) provided national security advice to four U.S. presidents: Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, consulting on issues of intelligence and terrorism, from 1973 to 2003. ... Cebu is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region. ... Richard A. Clarke (born 1951) provided national security advice to four U.S. presidents: Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, consulting on issues of intelligence and terrorism, from 1973 to 2003. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Cover of Against All Enemies Against All Enemies: Inside Americas War on Terror is a 2004 book by former U.S. chief counter-terrorism advisor Richard A. Clarke, criticizing past and present presidential administrations for the way they handled the war on terror. ...

McVeigh's defense attorneys also submitted a theory to the court that Islamist terrorists and American Neo-Nazis conspired in the bombing. They pointed out that location and day of the attack indicated the possibility that those seeking revenge for the execution of Richard Snell may have been involved.^[30] Richard Wayne Snell (1931 – April 19, 1995) was a convicted murderer executed in Arkansas for murdering two individuals. ...

In presiding over the trial, Judge Matsch rejected these arguments and did not allow them to be presented as a defense.

Government persecution conspiracy

Various other analysts have suggested that the government was involved in a conspiracy behind the bombing, or that the government even planned the attack as a false flag operation in order to justify persecuting right-wing organizations, in a manner similar to Nazi prosecution of legislators after the Reichstag fire. In 1995, Brigadier General Benton K. Partin (Ret.) issued an analysis of the destruction to the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. False colors redirects here. ... The Reichstag fire was a pivotal event in the establishment of Nazi Germany. ...

From General Partin's analysis^[31]:

“It is impossible that the destruction to the building could have resulted from such a bomb [as McVeigh's] alone.

To cause the damage pattern that occurred to the Murrah building, there would have to have been demolition charges at several supporting column bases, at locations not accessible from the street, to supplement the truck bomb damage. Indeed, a careful examination of photographs showing the collapsed column bases reveals a failure mode produced by demolition charges and not by a blast from the truck bomb.”

Later he writes:

“Although the truck bomb had insufficient power to destroy columns, the bomb was clearly responsible for ripping out some floors at the second and third floor levels.”

Jose Padilla

There are speculations that José Padilla was an accomplice with McVeigh. Both of them at one time lived in the greater Fort Lauderdale area (Plantation, Florida.)^[32] Following Jose Padilla's arrest, several media outlets pointed to a resemblance between Padilla and police sketches of an Oklahoma City bombing suspect known as "John Doe No. 2".^[33] José Padilla (born October 18, 1970), also known as Abdullah al-Muhajir or Muhajir Abdullah, is a United States citizen convicted of aiding terrorists. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country State County Broward Established 27 March 1911 Government  - Type Commission-Manager  - Mayor Jim Naugle Area [1]  - City 36. ... Plantation is a city in Broward County, Florida in the United States. ... The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorist attack on April 19, 1995 aimed at the U.S. government in which the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was bombed in an office complex in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ...

Inside Job

Oklahoma City bombing conspirator Terry Nichols claims that a high-ranking FBI official was directing Timothy McVeigh in the plot to blow up a government building and that the original target of the attack might have been changed, according to a new affidavit filed in US District Court. Nichols also claims that the government is protecting the official and other conspirators "in a cover-up to escape its responsibility" for the attacks.^[34] Terry Lynn Nichols (born April 1, 1955) was convicted of being an accomplice of Timothy McVeigh, the man convicted of murder in the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, April 19, 1995), which claimed 168 lives. ... The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. ...

References and notes

Alfred P. Murrah building four days before its demolition Alfred P. Murrah building during demolition Aerial view of Alfred P. Murrah building after bombing The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States Federal Government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ... For the Jimi Hendrix song, see 1983. ... is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... is the 84th day of the year (85th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Marquis of the Salt Lake Tribune on the Tribune Building in Downtown Salt Lake City The Salt Lake Tribune is Salt Lake City, Utahs largest-circulated local daily newspaper. ...

See also

• Oklahoma City bombing
• Ronald Griesacker
• Terrorism
• Lone wolf (terrorism)
• Terry Nichols
• Victor Feguer
• The Turner Diaries

The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorist attack on April 19, 1995 aimed at the U.S. government in which the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was bombed in an office complex in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ... Ronald Arthur Alexander Augustus Griesacker (born June 14, 1956) as Ronald Laycock, is a former resident of Saint Marys, Kansas who was arrested March 20, 1998 in Shady Grove, Oregon on federal bank and mail fraud charges. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... This article is about acts of terrorism. ... Terry Lynn Nichols (born April 1, 1955) was convicted of being an accomplice of Timothy McVeigh, the man convicted of murder in the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, April 19, 1995), which claimed 168 lives. ... Victor Feguer (1935 - March 15, 1963) was the last federal inmate in the United States before Timothy McVeigh to be executed, and the last person put to death in the state of Iowa. ... The Turner Diaries is a 1978 novel by Dr. William Luther Pierce (under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald), the late leader of the National Alliance, a white separatist organization. ...

Further reading

• Hoffman, David. The Oklahoma City Bombing and the Politics of Terror. Los Angeles: Feral House, 1998. ISBN 0-922915-49-0. (Complete book accessible online; Chap. 2: "'The Face of Terror'" concerns Timothy McVeigh.)
• Jones, Stephen, and Peter Israel. Others Unknown: Timothy McVeigh and the Oklahoma City Bombing Conspiracy. Rev. ed. (paperback). 1998; New York: PublicAffairs, 2001. ISBN 1-58648-098-7.
• Michel, Lou, and Dan Herbeck. American Terrorist: Timothy McVeigh and the Oklahoma City Bombing. New York: ReganBooks (A Division of HarperCollins Publishers), 2001. ISBN 0-06-039407-2.
• Vidal, Gore. Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace: How We Got to Be So Hated, Thunder's Mouth Press/Nation Books, 2002. ISBN 1-56025-405-X. (Chapters "How I Became Interested in Timothy McVeigh and Vice Versa" and "The Meaning of Timothy McVeigh.")
• Walsh, David. "Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh: the making of a mass murderer." April 19, 2001, World Socialist Web Site. Accessed August 8, 2006.
• Davis, Jayna. "The Third Terrorist: The Middle East Connection to the Oklahoma City Bombing" (WND Books ISBN 0-7852-6103-6).