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Encyclopedia > Transphobia
Part of a series of articles on
Discrimination

General forms
Racism
Sexism
Ageism
Religious intolerance
Xenophobia
Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights Gays/Transsexes/Intersexes rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Feminism Mens/Fathers rights... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights LGBT rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Feminism Mens/Fathers rights · Masculinism Children... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights Gays/Transsexes/Intersexes rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Feminism Mens/Fathers rights... Religious intolerance is either intolerance motivated by ones own religious beliefs or intolerance against anothers religious beliefs or practices. ... Look up xenophobia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Specific forms
Social
Homophobia · Transphobia · Biphobia
Ableism · Sizeism · Heightism · Adultism
Misogyny · Misandry · Lookism
Gerontophobia · Classism · Elitism
Homophobia is the fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexuality or homosexuals. ... Biphobia is the fear of, discrimination against, or hatred of bisexuals (although in practice it extends to pansexual people too). ... Ableism is a term used to describe discrimination against people with disabilities in favor of people who are able-bodied. ... The fat acceptance movement, also referred to as the fat liberation movement, is a grass-roots effort to change societal attitudes about fat people. ... Heightism is a form of discrimination based on height. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth... Misogyny (GA , RP ) is hatred or strong prejudice against women. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Lookism is discrimination against or prejudice towards others based on their appearance. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Classism (a term formed by analogy with racism) is any form of prejudice or oppression against people who are in, or who are perceived as being like those who are in, a lower social class (especially in the form of lower or higher socioeconomic status) within a class society. ... Elitism is the belief or attitude that the people who are considered to be the elite — a selected group of persons with outstanding personal abilities, wealth, specialised training or experience, or other distinctive attributes — are the people whose views on a matter are to be taken the most seriously, or...

Against cultures:

Americans
Arabs
Armenians
Bosniaks
Canadians
Chinese
Europeans Anti-Arab Graffiti by Jewish settlers in Gaza Anti-Arabism is prejudice or hostility against Arabs. ... Anti-Bosniak sentiment is a view of suspicion, resentment, or hostility towards the Bosniak people, history and culture. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights Gays/Transsexes/Intersexes rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Feminism Mens/Fathers rights...

Croats
French
Germans
Greeks
Hungarians
Indians This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...

Iranians
Irish
Italians
Japanese
Jews
Mexicans

Poles
Quebecers
Roma
Russians
Serbs
Turks St. ... Antiziganism is racism directed at the Roma people. ... Serbophobia (Serbian, Croatian: србофобиjа, srbofobija), also called anti-Serbism means a sentiment of hostility or hatred towards Serbs, Serbia, or Republika Srpska. ...

Against religions:

Catholics
Christians
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Hindus
Judaism
Anti-Hindu leaflet launched by fundamentalist Christian churches Anti-Hindu prejudice is a negative perception against people who practice Hinduism, Hindus and Indian or Hindu culture. ... An example of state-sponsored atheist anti-Judaism. ...

Mormons
Muslims
An anti-Mormon political cartoon from the late nineteenth century. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth rights Disability...

Protestants
Anti-Protestantism is an irrational opposition to Protestantism which is primarily emotional and akin to the irrational hatreds of racism and and anti-semitism. ...

Manifestations
Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching
Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups
Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom
Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war
Religious persecution · Gay bashing
Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia
Slave redirects here. ... It has been suggested that Driving While Black be merged into this article or section. ... Lynching is a form of violence, usually murder, conceived of by its perpetrators as extrajudicial punishment for offenders or as a terrorist method of enforcing social domination. ... Hate speech is a controversial term for speech intended to degrade, intimidate, or incite violence or prejudicial action against a person or group of people based on their race, gender, age, ethnicity, nationality, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, language ability, moral or political views, socioeconomic class, occupation or appearance... A Jewish cemetery in France after being defaced by Neo-Nazis. ... A hate group is an organized group or movement that advocates hate, hostility or violence towards a group of people or some organization upon spurious grounds, despite a wider consensus that these people are not necessarily better or worse than any others. ... Genocide is the mass killing of a group of people as defined by Article 2 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG) as any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or... ... Pogrom (from Russian: ; from громить IPA: - to wreak havoc, to demolish violently) is a form of riot directed against a particular group, whether ethnic, religious or other, and characterized by destruction of their homes, businesses and religious centers. ... Ethnocide is a concept related to genocide; unlike genocide, which has entered into international law, ethnocide remains primarily the province of ethnologists, who have not yet settled on a single cohesive meaning for the term. ... Armenian civilians, being cleansed from their homeland during the Armenian Genocide. ... Race war is a slang term referring to developing hostilities between ethnic groups divided on the basis of race. ... It has been suggested that Historical persecution by Christians#Theological debate of persecution be merged into this article or section. ... The persecution of gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and transgendered individuals is the practice of attacking a person, usually physically, because they are or are perceived to be lesbian, gay or transgender. ... Pedophobia is the fear of infants, children, or childhood[1] // Pediophogia is an alternate term for pedophobia[2]. Pedophobia is related to other age-focused fears, including ephebiphobia and gerontophobia. ... Ephebiphobia (from Greek ephebos έφηβος = teenager, underage adolescent and fobos φόβος = fear, phobia), also known as hebephobia (from Greek hebe = youth), denotes both the irrational fear of teenagers or of adolescence, and the prejudice against teenagers or underage adolescents. ...

Movements
Discriminatory
Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism
Kahanism
Anti-discriminatory
Abolitionism · Civil rights
LGBT rights
Women's/Universal suffrage · Feminism
Men's/Fathers' rights · Masculinism
Children's rights · Youth rights
Disability rights · Inclusion
Social model of disability · Autistic rights
Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Aryan race is a notion mentioned in the Old Persian inscriptions and other Persian sources from c. ... The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... Supremacism is the belief that a particular race, religion, gender, belief system or culture is superior to others and entitles those who identify with it to dominate, control or rule those who do not. ... Speaking: US-born Rabbi Meir Kahane, leader of the Kach party in the Knesset. ... This English poster depicting the horrific conditions on slave ships was influential in mobilizing public opinion against slavery. ... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... This list indexes the articles on LGBT rights in each country and significant non-country region (e. ... In America at the time of the 1800s some rights allowed to single women were exempt to married women. ... Universal suffrage (also general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to all adults, without distinction as to race, sex, belief, or economic or social status. ... Feminism is a collection of social theories, political movements, and moral philosophies largely motivated by or concerned with the social, political and economic equality of the sexes. ... Mens rights is a stream in the mens movement. ... The Fathers rights movement can be seen as part of the mens movement and/or the parents movement, it emerged in the 1970s as a loose social movement providing a network of interest groups, primarily in western countries. ... Mens rights is a stream in the mens movement. ... Masculinism aims to break negative heterosexual male stereotyping but refuses to be perceived as anti-feminist or anti-gay. ... The childrens rights movement was born in the 1800s with the orphan train. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth... The disability rights movement aims to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities. ... Inclusion is a term used by activist people with disabilities and other disability rights advocates for the idea that human beings should freely, openly and happily accommodate any other human being that happens to be differently-abled without question or qualification of any kind. ... The Social Model of Disability proposes that barriers and prejudice and exclusion by society (purposely or inadvertently) are the ultimate factors defining who is disabled and who is not in a particular society. ... The autism rights movement (which has also been called autistic self-advocacy movement [2] and autistic liberation movement [3]) was started by adult autistic individuals in order to advocate and demand tolerance for what they refer to as neurodiversity. ...

Policies
Discriminatory
Segregation: Racial/Ethnic/Religious/Sexual
Apartheid · Redlining · Internment
Anti-discriminatory
Emancipation · Civil rights
Desegregation · Integration
Counter-discriminatory
Affirmative action · Racial quota
Reservation · Reparations
The Rex Theatre for Colored People Racial segregation is characterized by separation of different races in daily life when both are doing equal tasks, such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a rest room, attending school, going to the movies, or in the rental or... The Rex Theatre for Colored People Racial segregation is characterized by separation of people of different races in daily life when both are doing equal tasks, such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a rest room, attending school, going to the movies, or in the... Religious segregation involves the separation of people on the basis of religion. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A segregated beach in South Africa, 1982. ... For the automotive term, see redline. ... For other uses, see Internment (disambiguation). ... Look up emancipation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... Desegregation is the process of ending racial segregation, most commonly used in reference to the United States. ... Children at a parade in North College Hill, Ohio Racial integration, or simply integration includes desegregation (the process of ending systematic racial segregation). ... Affirmative action refers to concrete steps that are taken both to increase the representation of underrepresented and arguably underprivileged minorities and to redress the effects of past discrimination. ... Racial quotas in employment and education are numerical requirements for hiring, promoting, admitting and/or graduating members of a particular racial group. ... Reservation in Indian law is a term used to describe the governmental policy whereby a percentage of seats are reserved in the Parliament of India, State Legislative Assemblies, Central and State Civil Services, Public Sector Units, Central and State Governmental Departments and in all Public and Private Educational Institutions, except... In the philosophy of justice, reparation is the idea that a just sentence ought to compensate the victim of a crime appropriately. ...

Law
Discriminatory
Anti-miscegenation · Anti-immigration
Alien and Sedition Acts · Nuremberg Laws
Jim Crow laws · Black codes · Apartheid laws
Anti-discriminatory
List of anti-discrimination acts Miscegenation is an archaic term invented in 1863 to describe people of different human races (usually one European and one African) producing offspring; the use of this term is invariably restricted to those who believe that the category race is meaningful when applied to human beings. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... ======== many recent edits that had nothing to do with article. ... The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 were denaturalization laws passed by the government of Nazi Germany. ... The Jim Crow Laws were state and local laws enacted in the Southern and Border States of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965 and affected African Americans and many other races. ... The Black Codes were laws passed to restrict civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans, particularly former slaves. ... The Apartheid Legislation in South Africa was a series of different laws and acts which were to help the apartheid-government to enforce the segregation of different races and cement the power and the dominance by the Whites, of substantially European descent, over the other race groups. ... This is a list of anti-discrimination acts (often called discrimination acts), which are laws designed to prevent discrimination. ...

Other forms
Nepotism · Cronyism
Colorism · Linguicism
Ethnocentrism · Triumphalism
Adultcentrism · Isolationism
Gynocentrism · Androcentrism
Economic discrimination
Anti-atheism
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Nepotism This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Crony redirects here. ... Colorism is a form of discrimination which primarily occurs in the United States. ... Linguicism is a form of prejudice, an -ism along the lines of racism, ageism or sexism. ... Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of ones own culture. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Supremacism. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth... Isolationism is a foreign policy which combines a non-interventionist military and a political policy of economic nationalism (protectionism). ... Gynocentrism (Greek γυνο, gyno-, woman, χεντρον, kentron, center) is the practice, often consciously adopted, of placing female human beings or the female point of view at the center of ones view of the world and its culture and history. ... Androcentrism (Greek ανδρο, andro-, man, male, χεντρον, kentron, center) is the practice, conscious or otherwise, of placing male human beings or the masculine point of view at the center of ones view of the world and its culture and... Economic discrimination is a term that describes a form of discrimination based on economic factors. ... Many atheists have experienced discrimination, mainly from religious entities. ...

Related topics
Prejudice · Supremacism · Intolerance
Tolerance · Diversity · Multiculturalism
Political correctness · Reverse discrimination
Eugenics · Racialism For with(out) prejudice in law, see Prejudice (law). ... Supremacism is the belief that a particular race, religion, gender, belief system or culture is superior to others and entitles those who identify with it to dominate, control or rule those who do not. ... Intolerance is the lack of ability or willingness to tolerate something. ... It has been suggested that toleration be merged into this article or section. ... Diversity is the presence of a wide range of variation in the qualities or attributes under discussion. ... Multiculturalism is the idea or belief that modern societies should embrace and include distinct cultural groups with equal cultural and political status. ... Political correctness is the alteration of language to redress real or alleged injustices and discrimination or to avoid offense. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth rights Disability... Eugenics is the self-direction of human evolution: Logo from the Second International Congress of Eugenics, 1921, depicting it as a tree which unites a variety of different fields. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

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Transphobia refers to various kinds of aversions towards transsexuality and transsexual or transgender people, often taking the form of refusal to accept a person's expression of their internal gender identity (see Phobia - terms indicating prejudice or class discrimination). Whether intentional or not, transphobia can have severe consequences for the object of the negative attitude. Many transpeople also experience homophobia from people who incorrectly associate the medically recognised condition of gender identity disorder as a form of homosexuality (see Homosexuality and Transgender)[1]. A transsexual (sometimes transexual) person establishes a permanent identity with the opposite gender to their assigned (usually at birth) sex. ... Transgender (IPA: , from trans (Latin) and gender (English) ) is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies that diverge from the normative gender role (woman or man) commonly, but not always, assigned at birth, as well as the role traditionally held by society. ... A phobia (from the Greek φόβος fear), an irrational, persistent fear of certain situations, objects, activities, or persons. ... Gender identity disorder, as identified by psychologists and medical doctors, is a condition in which a person has been assigned one gender (usually at birth on the basis of their sex, but compare intersexuality), but identifies as belonging to another gender, or does not conform with the gender role their... Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ... Homosexuality and transgender are two separate concepts. ...


Like other forms of discrimination such as homophobia, the discriminatory or intolerant behaviour can be direct (such as harassment, assault, or murder) or indirect (such as refusing to take steps to ensure that transgender people are treated in the same way as non-transgendered people.) However, direct forms of transphobia can manifest themselves in ways that are not related to violence. Harassment refers to a wide spectrum of offensive behavior. ... Cisgender (IPA: ) is an adjective neologism that means non-transgender. ...

Contents

Examples

There are many recorded examples of transphobia in many of its different forms and manifestations throughout society. Some instances clearly involve violence and extreme malice, while others involve little more than a lack of understanding or experience of the condition sometimes involving unconscious predisposition based upon various religious edicts or social conventions.


Transphobia in society

Sometimes homeless shelters have been guilty of discriminating against transwomen, refusing, for example, admission to women's areas and forcing them to sleep and bathe in the presence of men[citation needed]. This situation has been improving in some areas, however. For example, on February 8, 2006, New York City's Department of Homeless Services announced an overhaul of its housing policy with the goal of specifically ending discrimination against transgendered people in its shelters[2]


Some noted victims of transphobia related violent crime include Brandon Teena, Gwen Araujo, Nizah Morris and Lauren Harries. This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Gwen Araujo, who lived as female Gwen Amber Rose Araujo (February 24, 1985 – October 4, 2002, née Edward Araujo, Jr. ...


Transphobia in healthcare

One example of this is the case of Tyra Hunter. Ms. Hunter was involved in an automobile accident, and when rescue workers discovered she was transgender, they backed away and stopped administering treatment. She later died in hospital.[citation needed] Tyra Hunter (circa 1970 - August 7, 1995) was a 24 year old transsexual woman who died after being injured as a passenger in a car accident. ...


Transgender people depend largely on the medical profession to receive not only hormone replacement therapy and sex reassignment surgery, but also other vital care. Often it can be difficult for gender patients to receive proper health care and treatment, because medical gatekeepers who are transphobic (or who misunderstand the nature of gender identity disorder) will refuse to administer necessary treatment; in at least one case that included the refusal to treat Robert Eads, a transman, for ovarian cancer, of which he subsequently died.[citation needed] Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for transgender and transsexual people replaces the hormones naturally occurring in their bodies with those of the other sex. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Literally, a Gatekeeper is a person who guards or monitors passage through a gate. ... Robert Eads (1945-1999) was a female to male transsexual, and a self-professed Georgia hillbilly. Eads was the subject of the documentary Southern Comfort. ... Transmen or trans men are transgender or transsexual people who were assigned female at birth based on genital appearance (or, in cases of intersexuality, were later assigned to the female gender) and who feel that this is not an accurate or complete description of themselves. ...


Transphobia in employment

Transphobia can also manifest itself in the workplace. Sometimes transexuals lose their jobs when they begin the transition. Some say discrimination is so rife it's virtually impossible to find a job at all to begin with.[3].


News stories from the San Francisco Chronicle and Associated Press have cited a 1999 study by the San Francisco Department of Public Health finding a 70 percent unemployment rate amongst the city's transgendered. On February 18, 1999, the San Francisco Department of Public Health issued the results of a 1997 survey of 392 MTF (male-to-female) and 123 FTM (female-to-male) transgendered people, showing amongst other things that only 40 percent of those MTF transgendered people surveyed had earned money from full or part-time employment over the preceding six months' period. For FTMs, the equivalent statistic was 81 percent. The survey also found that 46 percent of MTFs and 57 percent of FTMs reported employment discrimination.[4]


In the hiring process, discrimination may be either open or covert, with employers finding other ostensible reasons not to hire a candidate or just not informing prospective employees at all as to why they are not being hired. Additionally, when an employer fires or otherwise discriminates against a transgendered employee, it may be a "mixed motive" case, with the employer openly citing obvious wrongdoing, job performance issues or the like (such as excessive tardiness, for example) while keeping silent in regards to transphobia (which nevertheless may be all too real). [5]


Employment discrimination on the basis of gender identity and expression, or the like, is illegal in a growing number of U.S. cities, towns and states. Such discrimination might be outlawed by specific legislation (as it is in the states of California, Illinois, Maine, Minnesota, New Mexico and Washington state) or city ordinances; additionally, it is covered by case law in some other states. (For example, Massachusetts is covered by cases such as Lie vs. Sky Publishing Co. and Jette vs. Honey Farms.) Several other states and cities prohibit such discrimination in public employment. The United Kingdom has also legislated against employment discrimination on the grounds of gender identity. Sometimes, however, employers discriminate against the transgendered in spite of such legal protections[5]. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...


There is at least one high-profile employment-related court case unfavorable to the transgendered. In 2000, the Southern U.S. grocery chain Winn-Dixie fired longtime employee Peter Oiler, despite a history of repeatedly earning raises and promotions, after management learned that the married, heterosexual truck driver occasionally cross-dressed off-the-job. Management argued that this hurt Winn-Dixie's corporate image. The American Civil Liberties Union filed a lawsuit against Winn-Dixie on behalf of Oiler but a judge dismissed it. The case, however, led to a picket of the company's Jacksonville, Fla., headquarters and a boycott against the company. One now-defunct website, www.shameonwinndixie.org, claimed it was "the largest-ever public demonstration against gender-based bigotry." [6]


Sometimes transgendered people facing employment discrimination turn to sex work to survive, arguably placing them at additional risk of such things as contracting sexually transmitted-diseases such as HIV; enduring workplace violence; and encountering troubles with the law, including arrest and criminal prosecution[4]


Transphobia in the gay and lesbian community

Some in the gay community are uncomfortable with transgender individuals. For example, transwomen (male-to-female transgender and transsexual people) are sometimes denied entry to women's spaces, and the explanations given for such denials betray a degree of transphobia. (The Michigan Womyn's Music Festival, for instance, has caused much debate for limiting its attendance to "womyn-born womyn".)[7] Kay Brown of Transhistory.net (“Transsexual, Transgender and Intersex History”) has set forth a long chronology of the ejection of those whom we now know as “transgendered” from gay organizations starting in the 1970s[8]. Transwomen or trans women are transsexual or transgendered people who were assigned male sex at birth (or, in some cases of intersexuality, later) and feel that this is not an accurate or complete description of themselves. ... The Michigan Womyns Music Festival (MWMF) is an international feminist music festival occurring every year in August in Hart, Michigan. ... Womyn is one of a number of alternate spellings which some promote as a way to remove the perception of gender bias from the English word [1] Other variants include wimmin (plural), wom!n, womban and womon (singular), while femal (from female) and humyn (human) apply the principle elsewhere. ...


While many gays and lesbians feel that “transgender” is simply a name for a part of their own community (i.e. the LGBT community), others actively reject the idea that transgenders are part of their community, seeing them as entirely separate and distinct. Some feel that bisexuality and transgenderism are detrimental to the social and political acceptance of gays and lesbians. This curious phenomenon has been called “internalized homophobia” by some, meaning an irrational fear and dislike of other homosexuals.[citation needed]See Fone, B.R.S. (2000). Homophobia. New York: Metropolital Books; Sears, J.T., and Williams, W.L. (1997). Overcoming Heterosexism and Homophobia. New York: Columbia University Press) This presumes that transgender people are, in fact, “homosexuals,” an equation which is often hotly debated, but with little real meaning due to the nature of the differences between gender and sexuality - for example, if a transwoman is attracted only to other women, then she is either lesbian by nature of being a woman, or is otherwise a heterosexual man. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A transwoman (also spelled trans-woman) is a transsexual or transgender person who was physically identified as male at birth, but believes that this is not an accurate or complete description of herself and identifies as a woman. ...


The nature of the terms "Man" and "Woman" also become unclear in a similar way under this philosophy, and the only real recourse is to accept that the mind and feeling of a person is the only thing that gives that person identity, and so a person that has a female identity and mind is indeed a woman, as agreed by much legislation in Europe enabling transsexual people to have the sex recorded on their birth certificates amended accordingly[9]. In this light, it becomes clear that in at least a categorical sense, transgendered people should only be accepted in the Gay and Lesbian community if they themselves self-identify as gay or lesbian as any other homosexual person does, and the blanket assumption on the part of some gay and lesbian people on the nature of those transgendered people who are in their LGB community with a view to dis-inclusion constitutes an issue of transphobia[8]. The implacability of this question has been overcome by the rise in the 1990's of Queer Theory and the Queer community, which defines "queer" as embracing all variants of sexual identity, sexual desire, and sexual acts that fall outside normative definitions of heterosexuality; thus a heterosexual man or woman as well as a transgendered person of either sex can be included in the category of queer through their own choice. GAY can mean: Gay, a term referring to homosexual men or women The IATA code for Gaya Airport Category: ... A lesbian is a woman who is romantically and sexually attracted only to other women. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... The word queer has traditionally meant strange or unusual, but it is also currently often used in reference to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and asexual communities. ...


See also

Transgender is a very complex topic, where consensual and precise definitions have not yet been reached. ... Transgender Day of Remembrance was set aside to memorialize those who were killed due to anti-transgender hatred or prejudice. ... The Death of Orpheus In Albrecht Dürers 1494 drawing, the banner hung in the tree reads: Orfeus der erst puseran (Orpheus, the first sodomite). The word puseran(t) derives from the Latin bulgarus from which come also the terms bugger in English and bougre in French. ... Transfeminism is a form of feminism that includes transgender and transexual rights and issues, especially those of transwomen. ... The Transgender Law Center (TLC) is a civil rights organization advocating for transgender communities. ...

References

  1. ^ Crime reduction - Hate crimes. City of London Police. Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
  2. ^ NYC's Department of Homeless Services Issues a Trans-Affirmative Housing Policy. The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Center (2006-02-05). Retrieved on 2006-09-06..
  3. ^ JoAnna McNamara (1996-08-30). Employment discrimination and the Transsexual. http://www.willamette.edu. Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
  4. ^ a b The Transgender Community Health Project (1999-02-18). Sociodemographics. Descriptive Results. HIVInSite. Retrieved on 2006-09-07.
  5. ^ a b Barbara Findlay, Q.C. (1999-06). Transgendered people and Employment: An equality analysis. www.barbarafindlay.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
  6. ^ ACLU Lesbian & Gay Rights Project and coalition of activists (2002-09-28). Shameonwindixie.org. web.archive.org. Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
  7. ^ Taormino, Tristan (2000-09-13). Trouble in Utopia. The Village Voice. Retrieved on 2006-09-07.
  8. ^ a b Weiss, Jillian Todd. GL vs. BT: The Archaeology of Biphobia and Transphobia Within the U.S. Gay and Lesbian Community. Retrieved on 2006-07-07.
  9. ^ UK Gender recognition act, Explanatory notes paragraph 4. UK Office of public Sector Information (2004-07-08). Retrieved on 2006-09-08..

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 10 is the 253rd day of the Gregorian calendar (254th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 6 is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years). ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... August 30 is the 242nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (243rd in leap years), with 123 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 10 is the 253rd day of the Gregorian calendar (254th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 10 is the 253rd day of the Gregorian calendar (254th in leap years). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 10 is the 253rd day of the Gregorian calendar (254th in leap years). ... Tristan Taormino (born 9 May 1971) is an award-winning author, columnist, editor, and self-styled anal sexpert. She graduated Phi Beta Kappa with her Bachelors degree in American Studies from Wesleyan University in 1993. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... July 7 is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 177 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 176 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Transphobia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1035 words)
Transphobia refers to various kinds of aversions towards transsexuality and transsexual or transgendered people.
Whether intentional or not, transphobia can have severe consequences for the targeted person; also, many transpeople experience homophobia as well, from people who associate gender identity disorder as a form of homosexuality (see Homosexuality and Transgender).
For example, transwomen (male-to-female transgender and transsexual people) are sometimes denied entry to women's spaces, and the explanations given for such denials betray a degree of transphobia.
l1 (494 words)
Transphobia is when the class relies on the trans students in the classroom to educate them on everything related to gender.
Transphobia is positioning trans-activism as “the” radical queer politics on campus and perpetuating white blindness to student of color and anti-racist activism.
Transphobia is the fear that this won’t be published because we’re not supposed to acknowledge that Wesleyan University is not responsible to its diversity.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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