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In architecture, a turret (from Italian: torretta, little tower; Latin: turris, tower) is a small tower that projects from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification. As their military use faded turrets were adopted for decorative purposes, as in the Scottish baronial style. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1602x2139, 405 KB) Summary Corner turrets at Newark Castle, Port Glasgow, and windows in the short west wing connecting the mansion to the gatehouse. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1602x2139, 405 KB) Summary Corner turrets at Newark Castle, Port Glasgow, and windows in the short west wing connecting the mansion to the gatehouse. ...
The Renaissance mansion of Newark Castle as seen from the west is linked to the original 15th century tower house to the left . ...
The Parthenon on top of the Acropolis, Athens, Greece Architecture (from Latin, architectura and ultimately from Greek, αÏχιτεκτων, a master builder, from αÏχι- chief, leader and τεκτων, builder, carpenter) is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. ...
It has been suggested that History of the Latin language be merged into this article or section. ...
The Eiffel Tower Fire-observation watchtower in Kostroma, Russia. ...
The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ...
The main gatehouse of Harlech Castle, Wales. ...
Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ...
Scottish baronial style is an architectural style typical of the castles of North East Scotland. ...
In current military terminlogy, turret usually refers to a rotating weapon platform. This can be mounted on a fortified building or structure such as an anti-naval land battery, or on an armoured fighting vehicle, a naval ship, or a military aircraft. Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ...
Building is either the act of creating an object assembled from more than one element, or the object itself; see also construction. ...
Look up Structure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
A Land battery is a special type gun emplacement or anti-shipping naval interdiction fortification used in coastal defence to protect areas like anchorages, harbours, and rivers or in restricted waters such as straits or channels, or coastal inland waterways which have the tactical and strategic purpose of area denial...
An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, equipped with protection against hostile attacks and often mounted weapons. ...
USS Port Royal (CG-73), a Ticonderoga class cruiser. ...
Military aircraft are airplanes used in warfare. ...
Turrets in architecture
Turret (highlighted) attached to a tower on a baronial building in Scotland. A building may have both towers and turrets; turrets might be smaller or higher but the difference is generally considered to be that a turret projects from the edge of the building, rather than continuing to the ground. The size of a turret is therefore limited by technology, since it puts additional stresses on the structure of the building. It would traditionally be supported by a corbel. My photo; public domain. ...
My photo; public domain. ...
The Eiffel Tower Fire-observation watchtower in Kostroma, Russia. ...
In Medieval architecture a corbel or console names a piece of stone jutting out of a wall to carry any superincumbent weight. ...
A turret might have a flat top with crenellations as in the picture, a pointed roof, or any other kind of top. It might contain a staircase if it projects higher than the building. However, a turret might not be any higher than the rest of the building; in this case it is part of a room, that can be simply walked into – see the turret of Chateau de Chaumont on this collection of turrets, which also illustrates a turret on a modern skyscraper. Crenellation (or crenelation) is the name for the distinctive pattern that framed the tops of the walls of many medieval castles, often called battlements. ...
Gun turrets A turret may be armed with one or more machine guns, automatic cannon, large-calibre guns, or missile launchers. It may be manned or remotely controlled, and is often armoured. A small turret, or sub-turret on a larger one is called a cupola. A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ...
M242 Bushmaster autocannon on an M2 Bradley. ...
The word caliber (American English) or calibre (British English) comes from the Italian calibro, itself from the Arabic quâlib, meaning mould. ...
Rocket launcher or missile launcher can mean: Multiple rocket launcher Shoulder-launched missile weapon Transporter erector launcher (TEL) for large missiles This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...
It has been suggested that Telecommand be merged into this article or section. ...
Military vehicles are commonly armoured to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets or shells, protecting the soldiers inside from enemy fire. ...
Cupola of St Peters Basilica, Rome In architecture, a cupola consists of a dome-shaped ornamental structure located on top of a larger roof or dome, often used as a lookout or to admit light and remove stale air. ...
Aircraft At first, guns on aircraft were either fixed in orientation or mounted on simple swivel mounts. The latter evolved into the Scarff ring, a rotating ring mount which allowed the gun to be turned to any direction with the gunner remaining directly behind it. As aircraft flew higher and faster, the need for protection from the elements led to the enclosure or shielding of the gun positions. The first bomber in the Royal Air Force to cary a power operated turret was the Boulton Paul Overstrand which first flew in 1933. The Overstrand had a single turret which was at the front of the bomber fitted with one machine gun. In time the number of turrets carried and the number of guns mounted increased. RAF heavy bombers of the Second World War typically had 3 powered turrets, with the rear one - the "Tail End Charlie" position - mounting four 0.303 inch machine guns. Airbus A380 An aircraft is any machine capable of atmospheric flight. ...
A Scarff ring was a machine gun mount used on aircraft in the First World War. ...
The Royal Air Force (often abbreviated to RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ...
The Boulton Paul P.75 Overstrand was the last of the twin_engine biplane medium bombers of the Royal Air Force, a series that had begun during the First World War with the likes of the Vickers Vimy and Handley Page Type O. The Overstrand only saw brief service in the...
The UK tried the concept of the "turret fighter" in planes such as the Boulton Paul Defiant where the sole armament was in a turret mounted behind the pilot rather than in fixed positions in the wings. Though the idea had some merits in attacking bombers, it was found to be impractical when dealing with other fighters as the weight and drag slowed the aeroplane. The defensive turret on bombers fell from favour with the advent of the jet age, though the Boeing B-52 jet bomber and many of its contemporaries featured a tail mounted barbette - a form of turret but with more limited field of fire. A pair of 264 Squadron Defiants. ...
The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress is a long-range strategic bomber flown by the United States Air Force since 1955, replacing the Convair B-36. ...
A barbette is the fixed area underneath a rotating gun turret on a warship. ...
Armoured fighting vehicles In a modern main battle tank, the turret (which is armoured for crew protection) rotates a full 360 degrees and carries a single large-calibre tank gun (typically in the range 105 mm to 125 mm calibre). The turret houses two or more crewmen, typically a tank commander, gunner and often a gun loader. The US M1A1 Abrams tank is a typical modern main battle tank. ...
Panzerkampfwagen IV with long-barrelled gun ISU-122 A tank gun is the main armament of a tank. ...
Gunner refers to anyone whose main job is to operate a gun. ...
Warships
 Model of quadruple 380 mm turret, the main armament of the French battleships Richelieu and Jean Bart.
 The parts of a battleship turret. One of the earliest turret gun ships was the USS Monitor, which mounted two cannons in a fully rotating armoured drum. An alternative at the time used a static drum, the barbette, inside which the gun mount rotated - the gun barrel projecting over the edge of the drum. In latter designs this was developed to have an armoured portion that sat over the gun and the edge of the barbette leading to the term "hooded barbette". Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1953x894, 194 KB) Model of the quadruple 380 mm turrets, main armament of the Richelieu and the Jean Bart Photograph by Rama File links The following pages link to this file: FS Richelieu (1935-1967) Jean Bart (1949-1961) ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1953x894, 194 KB) Model of the quadruple 380 mm turrets, main armament of the Richelieu and the Jean Bart Photograph by Rama File links The following pages link to this file: FS Richelieu (1935-1967) Jean Bart (1949-1961) ...
The Richelieu was a French battleship of World War II named for the seventeenth century statesman Cardinal Richelieu. ...
The Jean Bart was a French battleship of World War II named for the seventeenth century seaman and corsair Jean Bart. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2124x1758, 66 KB) Summary Created 23/1/2006 Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2124x1758, 66 KB) Summary Created 23/1/2006 Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Turret ships were a 19th century type of warship, the earliest to have their guns mounted in a revolving turret, instead of a broadside arrangement. ...
USS Monitor was an ironclad warship (the first ever) of the United States Navy. ...
A small Civil War-era cannon on a carriage A cannon is any large tubular firearm designed to fire a heavy projectile over a considerable distance. ...
A barbette is the fixed area underneath a rotating gun turret on a warship. ...
The rotating part of a battleship turret is the "gunhouse" where the guns are loaded. Below the gunhouse are the loading hoists that bring ammunition up from the magazines to the gunhouse. The handling equipment and hoists can be complex arrangements of machinery. They have to take the shells and propelling charges from their magazines into the base of the turret. There they have to be lined up with the hoists which are fixed in orientation to the guns. The hoists then lift the ammuniton up to the gunhouse where the shells and the appropriate charge are mechanically loaded into each gun breech. It was not until the last of the rotating drum designs was phased out that the hooded barbette arrangement - which is the style associated with modern warships - took the name "turret". The barbette is armoured down to where it reaches the main armoured deck of the warship. HMS Victory in 1884 Battleship was the name given to the most powerfully gun-armed and most heavily armored classes of warships built between the 15th and 20th centuries. ...
Magazine is the name for a item or place within which ammunition is stored. ...
Diagrams of first and third rate warships, England, 1728 Cyclopaedia. ...
Some modern warships still have turrets with guns, though these are less important to ships with modern missile systems. These turrets are often just covers for the gun mounting equipment, and are made of light unarmoured materials such as fibreglass There is a disputed proposal to merge this article with glass-reinforced plastic. ...
Naming On board warships, each turret is given an identification. In British use, these would be letters: "A," "B," "C," etc. for the turrets from the front of the ship backwards, and letters near the end of the alphabet (i.e., "X," "Y," etc.) for turrets in the rear of the ship. Mounts in the middle of the ship would be "Q," "R," etc. In one instance, (HMS Agincourt) the battleship's turrets were named "Monday," "Tuesday," etc. up to "Sunday." In German use, turrets were generally "A," "B," "C," "D," "E" going backwards from stem to stern. Usually the phonetic alphabet was used on naming the turrets, e.g. "Anton", "Bruno", "Caesar," "Dora" as on the German battleship Bismarck. The battleship Bismarck is probably the most famous warship of the Second World War. ...
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