The U.S. list of state sponsors of international terrorism is a list, compiled by the U.S. State Department, of countries that the United States' sees as sponsoring terrorism. Inclusion on the list imposes strict sanctions. Terrorist redirects here. ... Few words are as politically or emotionally charged as terrorism. ... Bold text Although there are earlier related examples, the history of terrorism in the modern sense seems to have emerged around the mid 19th-century. ... International conventions on terrorism set out obligations of states in respect to defining international counter terrorist offences, prosecuting individuals suspected of such offences, extraditing such persons upon request, and providing mutual legal assistance upon request. ... Anti-terrorism legislation designs all types of laws passed in the purported aim of fighting terrorism. ... Counter-terrorism refers to the practices, tactics, and strategies that governments, militaries, and other groups adopt in order to fight terrorism. ... This article is about U.S. actions, and those of other states, after September 11, 2001. ... The Red Terror was a campaign of mass arrests and deportations targeted against counterrevolutionaries in Russia during the Russian Civil War. ... The Reign of Terror (June 1793 - July 1794) was a period in the French Revolution characterized by brutal repression. ... It has been suggested that The White Terror (France) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with List of terrorist organizations. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The term Agro-terrorism is a controversial neologism used to describe threats by a terrorist act on the food chain. ... Propaganda of the deed (or propaganda by the deed, from the French propagande par le fait) is a concept of anarchist origin, which appeared towards the end of the 19th century, that promoted terrorism against political enemies as a way of inspiring the masses and catalyzing revolution. ... For the use of biological agents in warfare, see Biological warfare. ... The Ku Klux Klan with a fiery cross Christian terrorism is a form of militant extremism that attempts to spread fear and terror, to perpetrate ideological goals, through violent attacks against civilian populations. ... Communist terrorism is terrorism carried out in the name of furthering Communist goals or teachings. ... The term eco-terrorism is a neologism used to describe threats and/or acts of violence (both against people and against property), sabotage, vandalism, property damage and intimidation committed in the name of environmentalism. ... This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... Narcoterrorism is a term coined by former President Belaunde Terry of Peru in 1983 when describing terrorist-type attacks against his nations anti-narcotics police. ... Nationalist terrorism is a form of terrorism through which participants attempt to form an independent state against what they consider an occupying, imperial, or otherwise illegitimate state. ... Nuclear terrorism denotes the use of nuclear weapons, radiological weapons (dirty bombs), or attacks against local facilities that handle nuclear material with mass destruction in mind. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Terrorism. ... 15:40, 25 January 2007 (UTC)168. ... Religious terrorism refers to terrorism justified or motivated by religion and is a form of religious violence. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... The definitions of state-sponsored terrorism, terrorism, and state terrorism are controversial. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Hijackers inside flightdeck of TWA Flight 847 Aircraft hijacking (also known as skyjacking and aircraft piracy) is the take-over of an aircraft, by a person or group, usually armed. ... Car bomb in Iraq, made from a number of concealed artillery shells in the back of a pickup truck. ... A suicide attack is an attack on a military or civilian target, in which an attacker — either an individual or a group — intends to kill others and knows he or she will most likely die (see suicide). ... The Proxy Bomb (also known as a human bomb) was a tactic used by the Provisional IRA for a short time in 1990s, whereby people were forced to drive car bombs into military targets. ... A terrorist front organization is created to conceal activities or provide logistical or financial support to the illegal activities. ... According to the Anti-Defamation League The term Lone-wolf (Lone-wolf activism to proponents, Lone-wolf terrorism to opponents) was popularized by white supremacists Alex Curtis and Tom Metzger in the late 1990s: [On Curtis:] Curtis encouraged fellow racists to act alone in committing violent crimes so that they... The United States Department of State, often referred to as the State Department, is the Cabinet-level foreign affairs agency of the United States government, equivalent to foreign ministries in other countries. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... As of 2005, there are several United States embargoes and sanctions in force by the United States against several countries and activities, the most famous of which is the US sanctions and embargoes against the countries the federal government of the United States considers state sponsors of terrorism. ...

The list began on December 29, 1979 with Libya, Iraq, South Yemen, and Syria. December 29 is the 363rd day of the year (364th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 2 days remaining. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... National motto: ??? Official language Arabic Capital Aden Area 287,680 km² Population  - Total (1973)  - Density 1,590,275 5. ...

Countries currently on the list

• Cuba - Added in 1982 though no official explanation was provided.^[1] A 2003 report contended that Cuba supported terrorist groups during the period it was added to the report. Current justification cites support for members of Basque ETA and the Colombian FARC and ELN groups. Conversely, Cuba has accused the United States of supporting, sponsoring and initiating terrorism against Cuba since 1961. Those who oppose Cuba's retention on the list contend that Cuba has made repeated offers to the United States since 2001 for a bilateral agreement to fight international terrorism, but the United States has not responded.^[1] Critics also argue that domestic political considerations are responsible and question many of the allegations made in the State department report.^[1]
• Iran - Added in 1984. According to the State Department, "continued to provide Lebanese Hizballah and the Palestinian rejectionist groups—notably Hamas, the Palestine Islamic Jihad, and the PFLP-GC—with varying amounts of funding, safe haven, training, and weapons. It also encouraged Hezbollah and the rejectionist Palestinian groups to coordinate their planning and to escalate their activities."
• North Korea - Added in 1988. Sold weapons to terrorist groups and to have given asylum to Japanese Communist League-Red Army Faction members. The country is also responsible for the Rangoon bombing and the bombing of KAL Flight 858.
• Sudan - Added in 1993. "A number of international terrorist groups including al-Qaida, the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Egyptian al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, the Palestine Islamic Jihad, and Hamas continued to use Sudan as a safe haven, primarily for conducting logistics and other support activities." [1]
• Syria - "provided Hezbollah, Hamas, PFLP-GC, the PIJ, and other militia organizations refuge and basing privileges." [2]

Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... or ETA (Basque for Basque Homeland and Freedom; IPA pronunciation: [) is a paramilitary Basque nationalist organization. ... The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia–Peoples Army, in Spanish Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia–Ejército del Pueblo, also known by the acronym of FARC or FARC-EP is a communist revolutionary and illegally armed terrorist organization in Colombia. ... Ejército de Liberación Nacional (usually abbreviated to ELN), or National Liberation Army, is a revolutionary, Marxist, insurgent guerrilla group that has been operating in several regions of Colombia since 1964. ... The United States of America has been accused of sponsoring state terrorism by various United Nations recognized governments and by various individuals. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement,[1]) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization. ... Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ, Arabic Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini) is a militant group, widely regarded as terrorist throughout the world, whose goal is the destruction of the State of Israel and its replacement with an Islamist state for Palestinian Arabs. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command is a left-wing Palestinian nationalist organization. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_North_Korea. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... The 1983 Rangoon bombing was an attack aimed to kill the South Korean President, Chun Doo Hwan. ... Korean Air Lines Flight 858 was a flight that flew from Abu Dhabi International Airport in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates to Kimpo Airport near Seoul, South Korea via Don Muang Airport in Bangkok. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sudan. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... Al-Qaeda (Arabic: القاعدة, the foundation or the base) is the name given to a worldwide network of militant Islamist organizations under the leadership of Osama bin Laden. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya (Arabic: ألجماعه الاسلاميه ) (Arabic for the Islamic Group; also transliterated Gamaat Islamiya, Jamaat al Islamiya, al-Jamāah al-Islāmiyah etc. ... Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ, Arabic Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini) is a militant group, widely regarded as terrorist throughout the world, whose goal is the destruction of the State of Israel and its replacement with an Islamist state for Palestinian Arabs. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement,[1]) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement,[1]) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization. ...

Countries that have been removed

• Iraq - Iraq was removed from the list in 1982 to make it eligible for U.S. military technology while it was fighting Iran in the Iran-Iraq War; it was put back on in 1990 following its invasion of Kuwait. It has since been removed following the 2003 invasion. The State Department's reason for including Iraq was that it provided bases to the Mujahedin-e-Khalq (MEK), the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), the Palestine Liberation Front (PLF), and the Abu Nidal organization (ANO). Following the invasion, U.S. sanctions applicable to state sponsors of terrorism against Iraq were suspended on 7 May 2003 and President Bush announced the removal of Iraq from the list on 25 September 2004.
• Libya - On May 15, 2006, the United States announced that Libya will be removed from the list after a 45-day wait period. [3] Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice explained that this was due to "...Libya's continued commitment to its renunciation of terrorism,".[4]
• People's Democratic Republic of Yemen ("South Yemen") - Dropped from the list in 1990 after it merged with the Yemen Arab Republic ("North Yemen"). It had been branded a terrorism sponsor due to its support for left-wing Arab terrorist groups.

Afghanistan has never been on the list, although a 2001 report from the Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism declared that "Taliban-controlled Afghanistan remains a primary hub for terrorists."[5] This is because the United States did not recognize the Taliban as the legitimate government of Afghanistan. Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Combatants  Iran Iraq Commanders Ruhollah Khomeini, Abolhassan Banisadr, Ali Shamkhani, Mostafa Chamran Saddam Hussein, Ali Hassan al-Majid Strength 305,000 soldiers 500,000 Passdaran and Basij militia 900 tanks 1,000 armored vehicles 3,000 artillery pieces 470 aircraft 750 helicopters[1] 190,000 soldiers 5,000 tanks 4... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... The subject of this article is the 2003 invasion of Iraq. ... ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... The Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) (جبهة التحرير الفلسطينية) is a militant Palestinian group which is designated by the United States and European Union [1] as a terrorist organization. ... Created by a split from the Fatah in 1974, the Abu Nidal Organization (officially named Fatah - the Revolutionary Council) is an international organization named for its founder Abu Nidal. ... is the 127th day of the year (128th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Libya. ... is the 135th day of the year (136th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Yemen. ...   Capital Aden Language(s) Arabic Government Socialist state President Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas Prime Minister Yasin Said Numan Historical era Cold War  - Independence November 30 1967  - UN membership December 14, 1967  - Constitution October 31, 1978  - Reunification May 22 1990 Area  - 1990 332,970 km2 Expression error: unrecognised punctuation character... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... National motto: None Official language Arabic Capital Sanaa Area 195,000 km² Population  - Total (July 1990) -Density   7,160,981 36/km² Currency 1 Yemeni riyal = 100 fils (1975-1990); 1 Yemeni riyal = 40 buqshas (bogaches) (1963-1975) Time zone UTC +3 National anthem Royal Salute The Yemen Arab Republic... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... The Taliban (Pashto: , students or seekers of knowledge) are a fundamentalist Sunni Muslim and ethnic Pashtun movement that ruled most of Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001, when their leaders were removed from power by American aerial bombardment and Northern Alliance ground forces. ...

Sanctions

World map indicating (in dark red) the states listed as sponsors of international terrorism; states in green are states that have been removed from the list.

The sanctions which the US imposes on countries on the list are: Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1427x628, 43 KB) Lossless version of Image:U.S. list of state sponsors of international terrorism. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1427x628, 43 KB) Lossless version of Image:U.S. list of state sponsors of international terrorism. ... Maroon is a color related to dark red. ... Mossy, green fountain in Wattens, Austria. ...

• No arms-related exports
• Controls over dual-use exports
• Restrictions on economic assistance
• Financial restrictions
  • US opposes loans by the World Bank and similar institutions
  • Sovereign immunity waived to allow families of terrorist victims to file for civil damages in US courts
  • Tax credits denied for income earned in listed countries
  • Duty-free goods exemption suspended for imports from those countries
  • Authority to prohibit a US citizen from engaging in financial transactions with the government on the list without a license from the US government.
  • Prohibition of Defense Department contracts above $100,000 with companies controlled by countries on the list.

...

See also

• United States embargoes
• Axis of evil
• Outposts of tyranny

As of 2005, there are several United States embargoes and sanctions in force by the United States against several countries and activities, the most famous of which is the US sanctions and embargoes against the countries the federal government of the United States considers state sponsors of terrorism. ... Behind Enemy Lines II: Axis of Evil, see Behind Enemy Lines II. Bushs axis of evil includes Iran, Iraq, and North Korea (darker red). ... Outposts of Tyranny Outposts of tyranny was a term used by United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice in a written submission to the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations to describe certain countries where, in her opinion, the government is oppressive and shows contempt for democracy and human...

Footnotes

1. ^ ^{a b c} CRS Report

References

• State Department: Terrorist Nations
• State Department: Country Reports on Terrorism