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Anti-War topics Anti war protest in Melbourne, Australia, 2003 Anti_war is a name that is widely adopted by any social movement or person that seeks to end or oppose a future or current war. ...
| | | | Opposition to... | | War against Iran
Iraq War
War in Afghanistan
War on Terrorism
Vietnam War
World War II
World War I
Second Boer War
American Civil War
War of 1812
American
Revolutionary War
Image File history File links Peace_Sign_2. ...
Opposition to a perceived risk of a military attack on Iran by the United States is known to have started during 2005-2006. ...
This article is about opposition to the 2003 invasion of Iraq and the Iraq War from outside Iraq. ...
It has been suggested that Post-September 11 anti-war movement be merged into this article or section. ...
Criticism of the war on Terrorism address issues of methods, motives, civilian deaths, civil liberties, and human rights. ...
Opposition to U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War began slowly and in small numbers in 1964 on various college campuses in the United States. ...
Despite lack of reporting on this, some military personnel and civilians staunchly opposed fighting the Nazis and Fascists during World War II. One key objector who would later write a novel on this was the author of Catch-22 who did not want to lose his life even if it...
The First World War was mainly opposed by left-wing groups, there was also opposition by Christain groups baised on pacifism The trade union and socialist movements had declared before the war their determined opposition to a war which they said could only mean workers killing each other in the...
Opposition to the Second Boer War began slowly but grew due in part to organisations like the Stop the War Committee. ...
Link titleAnti-war Popular opposition to the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865, was widespread. ...
Opposition to the War of 1812 was widespread in the United States, especially in New England. ...
It is widely stated that before American Revolutionary War, 1/3 of the people in the colonies favored independence, 1/3 wanted to be part of Britain, and 1/3 didnt care. ...
| | Agents of opposition | | Anti-war organizations
Conscientious objectors
Draft dodgers
Peace movement
Peace churches
In order to facilitate organized opposition to war, anti-war activists have often founded anti-war organizations. ...
John T. Neufeld was a WWI conscientious objector sentenced to 15 years hard labour in the military prison at Leavenworth. ...
Their actions were criminal offences and once they had left the country draft dodgers could not return or they would be arrested. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Peace churches are Christian churches, groups or communities advocating pacifism. ...
| | Related ideologies | | Anti-imperialism
Antimilitarism
Appeasement
Nonviolence
Pacifism This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Antimilitarism is a doctrine commonly found in the anarchist and socialist movement, which may be both characterized as internationalist movements. ...
Appeasement is a policy of accepting the imposed conditions of an aggressor in lieu of armed resistance, usually at the sacrifice of principles. ...
Nonviolence (or non-violence) can be both a political strategy or moral philosophy that rejects the use of violence in efforts to attain social or political change. ...
Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes. ...
| | Media | | Books • Films • Songs An anti-war book is a book that is perceived as having an anti-war theme. ...
This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...
An anti-war song is a musical composition perceived (by the public or critics) as having an anti-war theme on its lyrics. ...
| | Politics Portal · v • d • e | Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) is a tax-exempt Non-profit organization and corporation, originally created to oppose the Vietnam War. VVAW describes itself as a national veterans' organization that campaigns for peace, justice, and the rights of all United States military veterans. It publishes a twice-yearly newsletter The Veteran, previously published more frequently as 1st Casualty (1971-1972) and then as Winter Soldier (1973-1975). VVAW considers itself as "anti-war", although not in the pacifistic sense. A nonprofit organization (abbreviated NPO, or non-profit or not-for-profit) is an organization whose primary objective is to support an issue or matter of private interest or public concern for non-commercial purposes. ...
Corporate redirects here. ...
Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000...
Former crewmembers of the battleship Missouri pose for photos shortly after the Anniversary of the End of World War II ceremony, held aboard the famous ship. ...
An organization or organisation (read more about -ize vs -ise) is a formal group of people with one or more shared goals. ...
An advertising campaign is a series of advertisement messages that share a single idea and theme which make up an integrated marketing communication (IMC). ...
The symbol of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, which has become a widely recognized peace symbol. ...
This article is about the concept of justice. ...
A right is the power or privilege to which one is justly entitled or a thing to which one has a just claim. ...
The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ...
A newsletter is a regularly distributed publication generally about one main topic that is of interest to its subscribers. ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ...
1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ...
1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...
Anti war protest in Melbourne, Australia, 2003 Anti_war is a name that is widely adopted by any social movement or person that seeks to end or oppose a future or current war. ...
Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes. ...
History
VVAW was founded by six Vietnam war veterans, including Jan "Barry" Crumb, Mark Donnelly, and David Braum, in New York City in June 1967 after they marched together in the April 15, 1967 Spring Mobilization to End the War anti-war demonstration with over 400,000 other protesters. After talking to members of the Veterans for Peace group at that march, Barry discovered there was no organization representing Vietnam veterans. The organizations membership peaked in 1972 at around 7000 individuals including Vietnam veterans, activists, and students. [1] Generally, the Vietnam war had alot of anti-war groups, which is the prominent likelyhood of the wars that take place in todays society. Back in Australia, The Vietnam war was being fought in the hearts and minds of the Australian people. Here is a letter that was found after the Vietnam war from a soldier to his father. Dear Dad, One of our platoons went out today and came across a 155 mm artillery round that was booby-trapped. It killed one man, blew the legs off two others, and injured two more. On their way back, they saw a woman working in the fields. They shot and wounded her. Then they kicked her to death and emptied hetheir magazines in her head. They shot every little kid they came across. It was murder and I'm ashamed of myself for not trying to do anything about it. This isn't the first time, Dad. I've seen it many times before. Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000...
Former crewmembers of the battleship Missouri pose for photos shortly after the Anniversary of the End of World War II ceremony, held aboard the famous ship. ...
Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC, City That Never Sleeps, The Concrete Jungle, The City So Nice They Named It Twice Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1676 - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area - City...
1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...
April 15 is the 105th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (106th in leap years). ...
1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...
Anti war protest in Melbourne, Australia, 2003 Anti_war is a name that is widely adopted by any social movement or person that seeks to end or oppose a future or current war. ...
Notable VVAW Sponsored Events
Operation RAW During the Labor Day weekend of September 4-7, 1970, Operation RAW ("Rapid American Withdrawal") was a march from Morristown, NJ, to Valley Forge State Park by over 150 veterans. Mock search and destroy missions were conducted by the veterans and "guerrilla theater" actors during the march. Members of the Youth International Party (YIP) were invited to participate as blindfolded "Vietcong" prisoners, but decided not to participate because such a passive role would be a "bore" and a "drag". The 86 mile long march culminated in a rally at Valley Forge where over 1500 people attended. The honorary commander during this event was Brigadier General Hugh B. Hester, US Army (Retired). Sponsors included Senators George McGovern and Edmund Muskie, Rep. John D. Conyers, Jr., Paul O'Dwyer, Mark Lane, and Donald Sutherland. Scheduled speakers were John Kerry, Joe Kennedy, Rev. James Bevel, Mark Lane, Jane Fonda, and Donald Sutherland. Congressman Allard Lowenstein, Mike Lerner, and Army First Lt. Louis Font also spoke. September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
George McGovern on May 8, 1972 cover of Time Magazine George Stanley McGovern, Ph. ...
Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 – March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Mark Lane can be: Mark Lane (author) the JFK assassination researcher who wrote Rush to Judgment Mark Lane tube station in the London Underground This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
For other persons named Donald Sutherland, see Donald Sutherland (disambiguation). ...
Al Gore (born December 11, 1943) is a Vietnam Veteran and the junior United States Senator from Massachusetts. ...
Mark Lane can be: Mark Lane (author) the JFK assassination researcher who wrote Rush to Judgment Mark Lane tube station in the London Underground This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Jane Fonda (born December 21, 1937) is a two-time Academy Award-winning American actress, writer, political activist, former fashion model, and fitness guru. ...
For other persons named Donald Sutherland, see Donald Sutherland (disambiguation). ...
Allard Kenneth Lowenstein, (January 16, 1929–March 14, 1980) was a liberal Democratic politician, a one-term congressman representing the 5th District in Nassau County, New York from 1968 until 1970. ...
Winter Soldier Investigation In January 1971, VVAW sponsored The Winter Soldier Investigation to gather testimony from soldiers about war crimes being committed in Southeast Asia and demonstrate they were committed as a result of American war policies. Intended as a public event, it was boycotted by much of the mainstream media, although the Detroit Free Press covered it daily and immediately began investigating what was being said. The Winter Soldier Investigation was a media event intended to publicize war crimes and atrocities by the United States Armed Forces and their allies in the Vietnam War, while showing their direct relationship to military leadership and the foreign and anti-Communist policies of the Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon Presidential...
Veterans applying for participation in the investigation were asked if they witnessed or participated in a whole list of transgressions, including search and destroy missions, crop destruction, POW mistreatment.
This event was financially supported by the efforts of several celebrity peace activists. Winter Soldier Investigation testimonies were read into the Congressional Record by Senator Hatfield. In 1972, VVAW continued antiwar protests, and released Winter Soldier, a 16mm black-and-white documentary film showing participants giving testimony at the 1971 hearing, as well as footage of the Dewey Canyon III week of protest events. This film is currently on limited distribution and is now available on DVD. The Winter Soldier Investigation was a media event intended to publicize war crimes and atrocities by the United States Armed Forces and their allies in the Vietnam War, while showing their direct relationship to military leadership and the foreign and anti-Communist policies of the Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon Presidential...
1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ...
Demonstrators march in the street while protesting the World Bank and International Monetary Fund on April 16, 2005. ...
(Redirected from 16mm film) 16mm film was initially created in the 1920s as an inexpensive amateur alternative to the conventional 35 mm film format. ...
Black-and-white or black and white) can refer to a general term used in photography, film, and other media (see black-and-white). ...
Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt, in one fashion or another, to document reality. ...
Dewey Canyon III - Washington, D.C., April 1971 This peaceful anti-war protest organized by VVAW took its name from two short military invasions of Laos by US and South Vietnamese forces. Dubbed Operation Dewey Canyon III, it took place in Washington, D.C, April 19 through April 23, 1971. It was referred to by the participants as "a limited incursion into the country of Congress." The level of media publicity and Vietnam veteran participation at the Dewey Canyon III week of protest events far exceeded the Winter Soldier Investigation and any previous VVAW protest event. April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ...
April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
Led by Gold Star Mothers (mothers of soldiers killed in war), more than 1100 veterans marched across the Lincoln Memorial Bridge to the Arlington Cemetery gate, just beneath the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. A memorial service for their peers was conducted by Reverend Jackson H. Day, who had just a few days earlier resigned his military chaplainship. Included with his passages of scripture and citations of poetry was a personal statement, including the following: During World War II in the United States, the Gold Star Mothers Club was formed to provide support for mothers that lost loved ones in the War. ...
- Maybe there are some others here like me--who wanted desperately to believe that what we were doing was acceptable, who hung on the words of "revolutionary development" and "winning the hearts and minds of the people." We had been told that on the balance the war was a good thing and we tried to make it a good thing; all of us can tell of somebody who helped out an orphanage, or of men like one sergeant who adopted a crippled Vietnamese child; and even at My Lai the grief of one of the survivors was mixed with bewilderment as he told a reporter, "I just don't understand it ... always before, the Americans brought medicine and candy." I believe there is something in all of us that would wave a flag for the dream of an America that brings medicine and candy, but we are gathered here today, waving no flags, in the ruins of that dream. Some of you saw right away the evil of what was going on; others of us one by one, adding and re-adding the balance sheet of what was happening and what could possibly be accomplished finally saw that no goal could be so laudable, or defense so necessary, as to justify what we have visited upon the people of Indochina.
The Gold Star Mothers and a few others approached the cemetery gate to enter and lay wreaths, but the gate had been closed and locked upon word of their impending arrival. They placed the wreaths instead along the gate, and peacefully departed. Photographs of the My Lai massacre provoked world outrage and became a national scandal. ...
The march reformed and continued to the Capitol, with Congressman Pete McCloskey joining the procession en route. McCloskey, and fellow Representatives Bella Abzug, Donald Edwards, Shirley Chisholm, Edmund Muskie and Ogden Reid addressed the large crowd in a show of support. VVAW members defied a Justice Department ordered injunction that they not camp on The Mall, and they set up camp anyway. Later that day, the District Court of Appeals lifted the injunction. Some members personally visited their Congressmen to lobby against the U.S. participation in the war in Vietnam. They presented Congress with their 16-point suggested resolution for ending the war in Vietnam. Paul Norton Pete McCloskey Jr. ...
Bella Abzug Bella Savitsky Abzug (July 24, 1920 – March 31, 1998) was a well-known Jewish American political figure and a leader of the womens movement. ...
Shirley Chisholm in 1972 Shirley Anita St. ...
Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 – March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ...
Facing west across the Mall, with ones back towards the United States Capitol. ...
On Tuesday, April 20, a couple hundred veterans listened to hearings by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on proposals to end the war. Other veterans, still angry at the insult to the Gold Star Mothers when they were refused entry to Arlington National Cemetery the previous day, marched back to the front gate. After initial refusal of entry, the veterans were finally allowed in. Veterans performed guerrilla theater on the Capitol steps, re-enacting combat scenes and search and destroy missions from Vietnam. Later that evening, Democratic Senators Claiborne Pell and Philip Hart held a fund-raising party for the veterans. During the party it was announced that Chief Justice Warren Burger of the United States Supreme Court had reversed the decision of the Court of Appeals and reinstated the injunction. The veterans were given until 4:30 the following afternoon to break camp and leave the National Mall. It was noted that this was the fastest reversal of an Appeals Court decision in recorded history. April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ...
Claiborne Pell Claiborne de Borda Pell (born November 22, 1918) was a United States Senator from Rhode Island from 1961 to 1997. ...
Philip Aloysius Hart (December 10, 1912–December 26, 1976) was a Democratic senator from Michigan. ...
Warren Burger at a press conference in May 1969 shortly after he was nominated to be Chief Justice of the United States. ...
On Wednesday, April 21, more than 50 veterans marched to The Pentagon and attempted to surrender and turn themselves in as war criminals. A Pentagon representative took their names and then turned them away. More veterans continued to meet with and lobby their representatives in Congress. Senator Ted Kennedy spent the day speaking with the veterans. The guerrilla theater re-enactments were moved to the steps of the Justice Department. After a close vote by the veterans, they decided to remain where they were. Many of the veterans were prepared to be arrested for continuing to camp on the National Mall, but none were arrested. Several of the patrolling park police officers reassured the veterans that arrests were not going to be made, despite orders to do so. Headlines the following day read, "VETS OVERRULE SUPREME COURT." April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ...
The Pentagon is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located at 48 N. Rotary Road, Arlington, Virginia 22211 (Map). ...
Edward Moore Ted Kennedy (born February 22, 1932) is the senior United States Senator from Massachusetts and a member of the Democratic Party. ...
On Thursday, April 22, a large group of veterans demonstrated on the steps of the Supreme Court, and demanded to know why the Supreme Court had not ruled on the constitutionality of the war in Vietnam. The veterans sang "God Bless America" and 110 were arrested for disturbing the peace, and were later released. John Kerry, as VVAW spokesman, testified against the war for 2 hours in front of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee before a packed room of observers and media. [1] Lobbying on Capitol Hill by the veterans continued all day. A Washington District Court judge angrily dissolved his injunction order, rebuking the Justice Department lawyers for requesting the court order and then not enforcing it. Veterans staged a candlelight march around the White House, while a huge American flag was carried upside down in the historic international signal of distress. April 22 is the 112th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (113th in leap years). ...
Al Gore (born December 11, 1943) is a Vietnam Veteran and the junior United States Senator from Massachusetts. ...
On Friday, April 23, more than 800 veterans, one by one, tossed their medals, ribbons, discharge papers and other war mementos on the steps of the Capitol, rejecting the Vietnam war and the significance of those awards. Several hearings in Congress were held this week regarding atrocities committed in Vietnam, the media's inaccurate coverage of the war, and also hearings on proposals to end the United States participation in the war. A tree was planted on the mall as part of a ceremony symbolizing the veteran's wish to preserve life and the environment. April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ...
The United States Capitol The United States Capitol is the capitol building that serves as the location for the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government. ...
Senators George McGovern and Mark Hatfield helped arrange at least $50,000 in fundraising during preparations for Dewey Canyon III. The VVAW paid $94,000 for an ad to advertise this event in the April 11, 1971 New York Times. George McGovern on May 8, 1972 cover of Time Magazine George Stanley McGovern, Ph. ...
Mark Odom Hatfield (born July 12, 1922) is an American politician from Oregon. ...
April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
Walter Reed Memorial Service In May 1971, the VVAW and former Army chaplain Reverend Jackson Day conducted a service for veterans at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Injured and disabled veterans who were inpatients at Walter Reed were brought into the chapel in wheelchairs. The service included time for individual prayers or public confession, and many veterans took the floor to recount things they had done or seen for which they felt guilt or anger. This would be the last service performed by Jackson Day for almost two decades. 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
Operation POW Operation POW, organized by the VVAW in Massachusetts, got its name from the group's concern that Americans were prisoners of the Vietnam War, as well as to honor American POWs held captive by North Vietnam. The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi, September 2nd1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the...
The event sought to tie antiwar activism to patriotic themes. Over the May, 1971 Memorial Day weekend, veterans and other participants marched from Concord, Massachusetts to a rally on Boston Common. The plan was to invoke the spirit of the American Revolution and Paul Revere by spending successive nights at the sites of the Battle of Lexington and Concord and the Battle of Bunker Hill, culminating in a Memorial Day rally with a public reading of the Declaration of Independence. 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
Relatives and others traditionally place flags near veterans headstones on Memorial Day Memorial Day is a United States federal holiday that is observed on the last Monday of May (most recently observed May 29, 2006). ...
Settled: 1635 – Incorporated: 1635 Zip Code(s): 01742 – Area Code(s): 351 / 978 Official website: http://www. ...
Image:Boston common Boston Massachusetts USA.jpg Boston Common in 2005, with the State House looming in the background 1890 Map of Boston Common and the adjacent Public Garden View of the Water Celebration, on Boston Common, October 25th 1848 Boston Common Engraving For the television series, see Boston Common...
John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress The American Revolution was a political movement during the last half of the 18th century that ended British control of the...
Portrait of Paul Revere by John Singleton Copley, c. ...
The Battle of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775 was the first battle of the American Revolutionary War and was described as the shot heard round the world in Emersons Concord Hymn. ...
Numerous places and things are named for this battle, see: Bunker Hill (disambiguation). ...
A declaration of independence is an assertion of the independence of an aspiring state or states. ...
When the participants tried to camp on the village green in Lexington, Massachusetts, at 2:30 a.m. on May 30, local and state police awoke and arrested 441 demonstrators for trespassing. All were given the Miranda warning and were hauled away on school buses to spend the night at the Lexington Public Works Garage. Julian Soshnick, charismatic lawyer of Boston Strangler fame, volunteered to represent the demonstrators. He worked out a deal with Concord Court Judge, John Forte. The protesters later paid a $5 fine and were released. The mass arrests caused a community backlash and ended up giving positive coverage to the VVAW. Settled: 1642 – Incorporated: 1713 Zip Code(s): 02420 / 02421 – Area Code(s): 339 / 781 Official website: http://ci. ...
May 30 is the 150th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (151st in leap years). ...
The Miranda warning is a police warning that is given to criminal suspects in police custody in the United States before they are asked questions relating to the commission of crimes. ...
The Boston Strangler is a name attributed to the murderer of several women in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, in the early 1960s. ...
Statue of Liberty occupation In December 1971, fifteen VVAW activists barricaded and occupied the Statue of Liberty for two days. Simultaneous protests took place at the historic Betsy Ross house in Philadelphia (for 45 minutes) and Travis Air Force Base in California (for 12 hours). Other VVAW members in California also occupied the Saigon Government conciliate in San Francisco. 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
For other freedom monuments, see Monument of Liberty. ...
Betsy Ross and two children presenting her sewn flag to George Washington and others Betsy Ross (January 1, 1752 - January 30, 1836) was an American woman who is said to have sewn the first American flag. ...
Travis Air Force Base (IATA: SUU, ICAO: KSUU) is a United States Air Force air base in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. ...
Kansas City meeting During a meeting in Kansas City, Missouri in mid November 1971, Scott Camil a radical leader of Vietnam Veterans Against the War proposed the assassination of the most conservative members of Congress, as well as any other powerful opponents of the antiwar movement. Nickname: City of Fountains or Heart of America Location in Jackson, Clay, Platte, and Cass Counties in the state of Missouri. ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
Scott Camil (born 1946 in Brooklyn, New York, United States) is a noted political activist. ...
Look up Congress in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
According to interviews with VVAW members who were present at the Kansas City meeting, Camil suggested something he called "The Phoenix Project," named after the original Phoenix Program operations during the Vietnam War used to assassinate the Viet Cong. Mr. Camil's Phoenix Project plan was to execute the Southern senatorial leadership that was backing the war including John Tower, Strom Thurmond, and John Stennis. In Camil's words, "I was serious. I felt that I spent two years killing women and children in their own fucking homes. These are the guys that fucking made the policy, and these were the guys that were responsible for it, and these were the guys that were voting to continue the fucking war when the public was against it. I felt that if we really believed in what we were doing, and if we were willing to put our lives on the line for the country over there, we should be willing to put our lives on the line for the country over here." [2] The assassinations were to be executed during the Senate Christmas recess. The Phoenix Program (Vietnamese: Kế Hoạch Phụng Hoà ng, a word related to fenghuang, the Chinese phoenix) or Operation Phoenix was a covert intelligence operation and assassination program undertaken by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in close collaboration with South Vietnamese intelligence during the Vietnam War. ...
John Tower John Goodwin Tower (September 29, 1925 – April 5, 1991) was the first Republican United States senator from Texas since the Reconstruction after the Civil War. ...
James Strom Thurmond (December 5, 1902–June 26, 2003) was an American politician who served as governor of South Carolina and as a United States Senator representing that state. ...
John Cornelius Stennis (August 3, 1901 - April 23, 1995) was a Senator from the state of Mississippi. ...
The plan was voted down, although the closeness of the vote is debated. Although John Kerry claims he had resigned from the organization prior to the Kansas City meeting, one account indicates Kerry was present for the vote, voted against it, and simultaneously resigned from the organization in disgust. Kerry, however, continued to speak at anti-war events for several more months.
Post Vietnam War Activities and Split By 1973, US combat involvement in Vietnam ended, and VVAW changed its emphasis to include advocating amnesty for draft resisters and dissenters. Also coinciding with the end of US combat in Vietnam, VVAW began extending membership to non-veterans, primarily students and activists, culminating in its infiltration and near takeover by members of the Revolutionary Communist Party. Members of Bob Avakian's militant RCP gained influential positions in the VVAW, including the National Office. A rift in the remaining membership formed due to the opposed ideologies, and the RCP group formed a separate organization, Vietnam Veterans Against the War Anti-Imperialist (VVAW-AI). VVAW filed and won a lawsuit prohibiting the RCP group from using the VVAW name, logos and materials. Look up Amnesty in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
For other uses, see Conscript (disambiguation). ...
The Revolutionary Communist Party, USA (RCP, USA), known originally as the Revolutionary Union, is a revolutionary Maoist organization that was formed in 1975. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
In 1978 former VVAW leader Robert Muller founded the Vietnam Veterans of America. 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...
Robert Muller (born 1923 in Belgium) is an employee of the United Nations, whose ideas about world government, world peace and spirituality led to the increased representation of religions in the UN, including New Age cults and traditional cults. ...
Vietnam Veterans of America Inc. ...
Allegations of leadership collaboration with North Vietnam Some declassified documents allege that VVAW leadership was actively coordinating with members of the North Vietnamese Peace delegation toward the common cause of ending US participation in the war and changing US policy in Southeast Asia. Some leaders in the VVAW organization were alleged by informants to the FBI to have cultivated ties with the North Vietnamese representatives, forming collaborative efforts to oppose US policy in Southeast Asia. The FBI managed to gain the confidence of several VVAW members and used them to perform surveillance of the group’s activities, as part of its controversial COINTELPRO operation. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ...
COINTELPRO (Counter Intelligence Program) was a program of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation aimed at investigating and disrupting dissident political organizations within the United States. ...
According to FBI records, an informant "who has provided credible information in the past" stated that Al Hubbard traveled to, or would travel to Paris to meet with the North Vietnamese peace delegation to arrange for a Prisoner of War release, with his trip financed by the CPUSA. The FBI filed a report filed on November 24, 1971, stating that on August 13, 1971, Joseph Urgo, Second Vice-President of VVAW also traveled to Hanoi. Urgo’s aim coincided with a planned international action by active duty people to demonstrate against the Vietnam war. Urgo proposed to send tapes to the North Vietnamese to use in Radio Hanoi broadcasts to get US servicemen to stop fighting in Vietnam, and proposed to send a VVAW delegation to negotiate the release of American POWs. (FBI File (S9,p153-154)) For the LSD apostle, see Alfred Matthew Hubbard. ...
The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) is a Marxist-Leninist political party in the United States. ...
November 24 is the 328th day (329th on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
On April 4, 1972, a confidential source reported that “a representative of a North Vietnamese Government at the Paris Peace talks telephoned the 'movement' in the United States telling them to be ready to take action, presumably demonstrations, to counter expected escalation of bombing by American air forces in South Vietnam and North Vietnam as a result of the increased military action of North Vietnamese forces in Quang Tri Province, South Vietnam.” The source reported that VVAW had no specific "actions" planned at that time but that the National Steering Committee would take it up at the next meeting, and announce its plans during a press conference. page 24 April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). ...
1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ...
Mike Oliver had hoped to send a VVAW delegation to Hanoi to coordinate an American POW release with the North Vietnamese government. The rationale behind this was the release of US POW’s would be credited by the North Vietnamese to the VVAW organization, thereby boosting notability and credibility. Oliver had hoped that the successful release of prisoners could lead to more negotiations page 12. The VVAW's leadership also decided in a July 1971 Executive Committee meeting that terms such as "Vietcong" and "North Vietnamese" were not to be used in VVAW press releases and communications, because their use supported the "establishment idea that there are two Vietnams." Instead, they used PRG (Provisional Revolutionary Government) and DRV (Democratic Republic of Vietnam), to indicate the groups acceptance of these designations. [3] Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...
1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ...
(Caution: Saigon was renamed Hồ Chà Minh City on May 1, 1975 after the Fall/Liberation of Saigon. ...
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was founded by Ho Chi Minh and was recognized by China and the USSR in 1950. ...
Further reading - Kerry, John, and Vietnam Veterans Against the War. The New Soldier. MacMillan Publishing Company: October 1971. ISBN 0-02-073610-X
- Vietnam, A View from the Walls. History of the anti-Vietnam war U.S. protest, Posters, Freedom of Information surveillance documents, art, clips and narrative. ISBN 0-912424-08-7.
- Nicosia, Gerald. Home to war : a history of the Vietnam veterans' movement. Crown Publishers: 2001. ISBN 0-8129-9103-6
- Retzer, Joseph David. War and Political Ideology: The Roots of Radicalism Among Vietnam Veterans. Doctoral thesis. Yale University. 1976.
- W.D. Ehrhart. Passing Time: Memoir of a Vietnam Veteran Against the War. University of Massachusetts Press: 2nd edition, 1995. ISBN 978-0870239588
- Hunt, Andrew E. A History of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War. New York: New York University, 1999.
William Daniel Ehrhart (born September 30th, 1948) is an American poet, writer, scholar and Vietnam veteran. ...
See also Going Upriver: The Long War of John Kerry is a documentary film on U.S. Senator John Kerrys military service during the Vietnam War and his subsequent participation in the peace movement. ...
The Fulbright Hearings were U.S. Senate hearings in 1971 relating to the Vietnam War. ...
Tiger Force was a commando unit of the United States Army, 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment, 1st Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), which fought in Vietnam, from May to November of 1967; as part of the Vietnam War. ...
The Winter Soldier Investigation was a media event intended to publicize war crimes and atrocities by the United States Armed Forces and their allies in the Vietnam War, while showing their direct relationship to military leadership and the foreign and anti-Communist policies of the Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon Presidential...
Brian Willson giving a talk in Canada, 2003 S. Brian Willson, (b. ...
General David Monroe Shoup (13 January 1983) was a World War II Medal of Honor recipient and the twenty-second Commandant of the United States Marine Corps (January 1, 1960–December 31, 1963). ...
Notes - ^ James S. Olson, The Historical Dictionary of the 1970s
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