Vulcano and the Aeolian Islands.

Vulcano is a small volcanic island (38°24′00″N, 14°58′00″E) in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about 25 km north of Sicily and the southernmost of the Aeolian Islands. It is 21 square kilometres in area, rises to 499 meters, and contains several volcanic centres, including one of four active non-submarine volcanos in Italy and the formerly separate islet of Vulcanello. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... Tyrrhenian Sea. ... The Aeolian Islands. ... Location of active (red) and dormant (green) volcanoes in Italy There are four active non_submarine Italian volcanoes. ...

History

The Greek wind god Aeolus was said to have lived on this island, then called Hierà. The name for the entire Aeolian Island chain descended from the mythical residence of Aeolus. The Roman name for the island Vulcano has contributed the word for volcano in most modern European languages. The Romans used the island mainly for raw materials, harvesting wood and mining alum and sulfur. This was the principal activity on the island until the end of the 19th Century. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Area under Roman control  Roman Republic  Roman Empire  Western Empire  Eastern Empire Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a city-state founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that Languages of the European Union be merged into this article or section. ... Trunks A tree trunk as found at the Veluwe, The Netherlands Wood is a solid material derived from woody plants, notably trees but also shrubs. ... This article is about mineral extraction. ... A crystal of Alum Alum, in chemistry, is a term given to the crystallized double sulfates of the typical formula M+2SO4·M3+2(SO4)3·24H2O, where M+ is the sign of an alkali metal (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, or caesium), and M3+ denotes one of the trivalent metal... General Name, Symbol, Number sulfur, S, 16 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 3, p Appearance lemon yellow Atomic mass 32. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Gran Cratere. A sense of scale is provided by the tourist visible near the centre of the crater.

When the Bourbon rule collapsed in 1860 (see Francis II of the Two Sicilies) a British man named James Stevenson bought the northern part of the island, built a villa, reopened the local mines and planted vineyards for grapes that would later be used to make Malvasia wine. Stevenson lived on Vulcano until the last major eruption on the island, in 1888. The eruption lasted the better part of two years, by which time Stevenson had sold all of his property to the local populace, and never returned to the island. The villa is still intact. Image File history File linksMetadata Gran_Cratere_Vulcano. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Gran_Cratere_Vulcano. ... Also see:  Early Modern France The House of Bourbon is an important European royal house. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Francis II (Francesco dAssisi Maria Leopoldo, January 16, 1836 – December 27, 1894), was King of the Two Sicilies from 1859 to 1861. ... James Stevenson is a UK punk / rock guitarist currently with The Alarm, Gene Loves Jezebel and Chelsea. ... The idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably since its invention towards the end of the Roman Republic. ... A vineyard Vineyard with bird netting Wine grapes with netting as protection against birds A vineyard (vignoble in French, vigna or vigneto in Italian, vinha in Portuguese, viña or viñedo in Spanish, Weinberg in German) is a place where grapes are grown for making wine, raisins, or table... Species Vitis acerifolia Vitis aestivalis Vitis amurensis Vitis arizonica Vitis x bourquina Vitis californica Vitis x champinii Vitis cinerea Vitis x doaniana Vitis girdiana Vitis labrusca Vitis x labruscana Vitis monticola Vitis mustangensis Vitis x novae-angliae Vitis palmata Vitis riparia Vitis rotundifolia Vitis rupestris Vitis shuttleworthii Vitis tiliifolia Vitis... Malmsey (also known as Malvasia or Malvazia) is a sweet Madeira wine made — in Portugal, the Azores, the Canary Islands, Sardinia, and Sicily — from fully ripe Malvasia grapes that are partially dried on the vine. ... A glass of red wine This article is about the alcoholic beverage. ... Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Currently, around 470 people live on the island, mainly deriving their income from tourism. It is a few minutes hydrofoil ride from Lipari and has several hotels and cafes, the important attractions being the beaches, hot springs and sulfur mud baths. The Jetfoil Toppi is a ferry which connects Yakushima, Tanegashima Island and Kagoshima port in Japan. ... Lipari Castle above the town of Lipari. ...

Geology

View of Vulcano from the island of Lipari. The green islet centre left is Vulcanello, which is connected to Vulcano by an isthmus. The Fossa cone is immediately behind it.

The volcanic activity in the region is largely the result of the northward-moving African Plate meeting the Eurasian Plate. There are three volcanic centres on the island: View of Vulcano from Lipari. ... View of Vulcano from Lipari. ...  The African plate, shown in pinkish-orange The African Plate is a tectonic plate covering the continent of Africa and extending westward to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. ...  The Eurasian plate, shown in green The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate covering Eurasia (a landmass consisting of the continents Europe and Asia) except that it does not cover the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Verkhoyansk Range in East Siberia. ...

• At the southern end of the island are old stratovolcano cones, Monte Aria (500 m), Monte Saraceno (481 m) and Monte Luccia (188 m), which have partially collapsed into the Il Piano Caldera.

• The most recently active centre is the Gran Cratere at the top of the Fossa cone, the cone having grown in the Lentia Caldera in the middle of the island, and has had at least 7 major eruptions in the last 6000 years.

• At the north of the island is Vulcanello, 123 metres high, and is connected to the rest of it by an isthmus which is flooded in bad weather. It emerged from the sea during an eruption in 183 BC as a separate islet. Occasional eruptions from its three cones with both pyroclastic flow deposits and lavas occurred from then until 1550, the last eruption creating a narrow isthmus connecting it to Vulcano. Vulcano has been quiet since the eruption of the Fossa cone on August 3, 1888 to 1890, which deposited about 5 metres of pyroclastic material on the summit. The style of eruption seen on the Fossa cone is called a Vulcanian eruption, being the explosive emission of pyroclastic fragments of viscous magmas caused by the high viscosity preventing gases from escaping easily.

Stratovolcano Mount St. ... Satellite image of Santorini. ... Events February 7 - Julius III becomes Pope. ... August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... Pyroclastic rocks are formed from lavas which are ejected into the air, as occur in pyroclastic flows or Plinian eruptions. ... Guiseppe Mercalli witnessed the 1888-1890 eruptions on the island of Vulcano. ... Pyroclastic rocks are formed from lavas which are ejected into the air, as occur in pyroclastic flows or Plinian eruptions. ... Magma is molten rock located beneath the surface of the Earth (or any other rocky planet), and which often collects in a magma chamber. ...

Mythology

The Romans believed that Vulcano was the chimney to the god Vulcanus's workshop. The island had grown due to his periodic clearing of cinders and ashes from his forge. The earthquakes that either preceded or accompanied the explosions of ash etc., were considered to be due to Vulcanus making weapons for Mars and his armies to wage war.

Expulsion of lava is a rare feature of vulcanian eruptions and always occur at the end of the eruption.

Since Roman times similar features on Earth have been known as volcans - volcanes and volcanoes. It is also used in connection with similar features on the Moon, Mars, Venus and Mercury and other stellar bodies. Some purists argue that the name should be vulcans, vulcanes and vulcanoes.

The Romans gave the word to the world and with it came ashes, cinders, lava - "flows."

[1] His workshop is also reputed to have been at either Mount Etna or Mount Olympus. Mount Etna (also known as Mongibeddu in Sicilian and Mongibello in Italian, a combination of Latin mont- and Arabic jebel, both meaning mountain) is an active volcano on the east coast of Sicily, close to Messina and Catania. ... This article is about the mountain in Greece. ...

Trivia

The island is mentioned on the Star Trek: Voyager episode, Concerning Flight. A holographic re-creation of Leonardo da Vinci asks Tuvok (a Vulcan) if he had been to Vulcan, referring to the island, though Tuvok at first assumes that he is referring to his home planet Vulcan, of which the holographic character should have no knowledge. The starship Voyager (NCC-74656), an Intrepid-class starship. ... Concerning Flight is an episode of Star Trek: Voyager, the eleventh episode of season four. ... The Mona Lisa Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519) was an Italian polymath: scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, and writer. ... Lt. ... It has been suggested that Tplana-hath be merged into this article or section. ... The planet Vulcan viewed from orbit. ...

References

• Ezio Giunta, dir. (2005). "Vulcano". Estateolie 2005*The Essential Guide (English version of Tourist Guidebook): 80–87. 

External links

• Aeolian Island tourism website (in Italian).
• Photos and explanatory captions

Images