NationMaster - Encyclopedia: West Bengal

Coordinates: 22°34′11″N 88°22′11″E / 22.5697, 88.3697 Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links India_West_Bengal_locator_map. ... Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Location of Mirzapur and the 82. ... The geography of India is diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills, and plateaus. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 10,000 kmÂ² and 100,000 kmÂ². ... Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh National Capital Territory of Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu and Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Orissa Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Andaman and Nicobar Islands Chandigarh Dadra and Nagar... , â€œCalcuttaâ€ redirects here. ... The divisions of a district. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh National Capital Territory of Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu and Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Orissa Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Andaman and Nicobar Islands Chandigarh Dadra and Nagar... As a large and linguistically diverse country, India does not have a single official language. ... Bangla redirects here. ... Governors of West Bengal See Also West Bengal Governors of India Links Categories: India-related stubs | West Bengal | Indian politicians | Office-holders | Government of India ... Gopalkrishna Gandhi (born April 22, 1945) is the governor of West Bengal since 2004. ... Chief Ministers of West Bengal See Also West Bengal Chief Ministers of India Links Categories: India-related stubs | West Bengal | Indian politicians | Office-holders | Government of India ... Buddhadeb Bhattacharya (Bengali: ) (born March 1, 1944) is an Indian Communist politician, who has served as the Chief Minister of West Bengal (India) since November 6, 2000. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Judiciary Supreme Court of India Chief Justice of India High Courts District Courts Elections Political Parties Local & State Govt. ... Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ... ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard. ... ISO 3166-2 for India (ISO 3166-1 : IN) The purpose of this family of standards is to establish a worldwide series of short abbreviations for places, for use on package labels, containers and such. ... Image File history File links Portal. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

West Bengal (Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ Poshchim Bônggo IPA: [poʃtʃim bɔŋgo]) is a state in eastern India. With Bangladesh, which lies on its eastern border, the state forms the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan, and to its southwest, the state of Orissa. To the west it borders the state of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest, Nepal. Bangla redirects here. ... India is a federal republic comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. ... For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ... , Assam ( ) (Assamese: à¦…à¦¸à¦® Ã”xÃ´m) is a north eastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city Guwahati. ... , Sikkim (Nepali: , also Sikhim) is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayas. ... , Orissa (Oriya: à¬“à¬¡à¬¼à¬¿à¬¶à¬¾), is a state situated on the east coast of India. ... , Jharkhand (Hindi: à¤à¤¾à¤°à¤–à¤‚à¤¡, Bengali: à¦à¦¾à¦¡à¦¼à¦–à¦£à§à¦¡,IPA: ) is a state in eastern India. ... For other uses, see Bihar (disambiguation). ...

The region that is now West Bengal was a part of a number of empires and kingdoms during the past two millennia. The British East India Company cemented their hold on the region following the Battle of Plassey in 1757 CE, and the city of Kolkata, then Calcutta, served for many years as the capital of British India. A hotbed of the Indian independence movement through the early 20th century, Bengal was divided in 1947 into two separate entities, West Bengal—a state of India, and East Pakistan belonging to the new nation of Pakistan. Following India's independence in 1947, West Bengal's economic and political systems were dominated for many decades by Marxism, Naxalite movements and trade unionism. The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ... Combatants British East India Company Siraj Ud Daulah (Nawab of Bengal), La Compagnie des Indes Orientales Commanders Colonel Robert Clive (later Governor of Bengal and Baron of Plassey) Mir Jafar Ali Khan, defected (Commander-in-chief of the Nawab), M. Sinfray (French Secretary to the Council) Strength 2,200 European... , â€œCalcuttaâ€ redirects here. ... Anthem God Save The Queen/King British India, circa 1860 Capital Calcutta (1858-1912), New Delhi (1912-1947) Language(s) Hindi, Urdu, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India - 1877-1901 Victoria - 1901-1910 Edward VII - 1910-1936 George V - January-December 1936 Edward VIII - 1936-1947 George... The term Indian independence movement is diffused, incorporating various national and regional campaigns, agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Militant philosophy and involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim of ending the British Colonial Authority as well as other colonial... For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ... 1947 Partition of Bengal create to separate Bengal entity of hindu West Bengal and muslim East Bengal ( present independent nation Bengaladesh. ... East Pakistan was a former province of Pakistan which existed between 1955 and 1971. ... Marxism is both the theory and the political practice (that is, the praxis) derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ... Map showing the districts affected by the Naxalite movement Naxalite or Naxalism is an informal name given to radical, often violent, revolutionary communist groups that were born out of the Sino-Soviet split in the Indian communist movement. ... The Lawrence textile strike (1912), with soldiers surrounding peaceful demonstrators A trade union or labor union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages, hours, and working conditions, forming a cartel of labour. ...

An agriculture-dependent state, West Bengal occupies only 2.7% of the India's land area, though it supports over 7.8% of Indian population, and is the most densely populated state in India.^[1] West Bengal has been ruled by the CPI(M)-led Left Front for three decades, making it the world's longest-running democratically-elected communist government. While the state has seen a resurgence in its economy from late 1990s after decades of stagnation, it still faces poverty, social tensions and bureaucratic corruption. A major cultural center since the colonial period, West Bengal is the native land of many notable poets, writers, artists and performers. CPI(M) flag The Communist Party of India (Marxist), or CPI(M), is a political party in India. ... Left Front election propaganda in Kolkata 2004 DSP-meeting in Kolkata West Bengal Left Front Committee meeting for solidarity with Tripura Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...

History

Remnants of civilisation in the greater Bengal region date back 4,000 years,^[2]^[3] when the region was settled by Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman and Austro-Asiatic peoples. The exact origin of the word Bangla or Bengal is unknown, though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang that settled in the area around the year 1000 BCE.^[4] After the arrival of Indo-Aryans, the kingdom of Magadha was formed in 7th century BCE, consisting of the Bihar and Bengal regions. It was one of the four main kingdoms of India at the time of Mahavira and the Buddha, and consisted of several Janapadas.^[5] During the rule of Maurya dynasty, the Magadha Empire extended over nearly all of South Asia, including parts of Persia and Afghanistan under Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE. One of the earliest foreign references to Bengal is the mention of a land named Gangaridai by the Greeks around 100 BCE. The word is speculated to have come from Gangahrd (Land with the Ganges in its heart) in reference to an area in Bengal.^[6] Buddha and Bodhisattvas, 11th century, Pala Empire Further information: History of Bangladesh The history of Bengal (including Bangladesh and West Bengal) dates back four millennia. ... For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Dravidian (disambiguation). ... The Tibeto-Burman family of languages (often considered a sub-group of the Sino-Tibetan language family) is spoken in various central and south Asian countries, including Myanmar (Burma), northern Thailand, and parts of Western China (Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai (Amdo), Gansu, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan), Nepal, Bhutan, India (Himachal... Austro-Asiatic languages The Austro-Asiatic languages are a large language family of Southeast Asia, and also scattered throughout India and Bangladesh. ... BCE is a TLA that may stand for: Before the Common Era, date notation equivalent to BC (e. ... The Indo-Aryans are a wide collection of peoples united by their common status as speakers of the Indo-Aryan (Indic/Indian) branch of the family of Indo-European and Indo-Iranian languages. ... Magadha was an ancient kingdom of India, mentioned in both the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. ... Idol of Lord Mahavira at Shri Mahaveerji (the holy town in Rajasthan named after Mahavira. ... Siddhartha and Gautama redirect here. ... The Janapadas are the major realms or kingdoms of Vedic (Iron Age) India, by the 6th century BC evolving into the sixteen classical Mahajanapadas . ... A representation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka, which was erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ... Motto: EsteqlÄl, ÄzÄdÄ«, jomhÅ«rÄ«-ye eslÄmÄ« 1 Independence, freedom, Islamic Republic Anthem: SorÅ«d-e MellÄ«-e ÄªrÄn Â² Capital (and largest city) Tehran Official languages Persian, Constitutional status for regional languages such as Azeri and Kurdish [1] Demonym Iranian Government Islamic Republic - Supreme Leader - President... Ashoka redirects here. ... Gangaridai was the name of a country in the 300 BC in the Indian subcontinent. ... Ganga redirects here. ...

From the 3rd to the 6th centuries CE, the kingdom of Magadha served as the seat of the Gupta Empire. The first recorded independent king of Bengal was Shashanka, reigning around early 7th century.^[7] After a period of anarchy, the Buddhist Pala dynasty ruled the region for four hundred years, followed by a shorter reign of the Hindu Sena dynasty. Islam was introduced to Bengal in the twelfth century by Sufi missionaries. Subsequent Muslim conquests helped spread Islam throughout the region.^[8] Bakhtiar Khilji, a Turkic general of the Slave dynasty of Delhi Sultanate, defeated Lakshman Sen of the Sena dynasty and conquered large parts of Bengal. Consequently, the region was ruled by dynasties of sultans and feudal lords under the Delhi Sultanate for the next few hundred years. In the sixteenth century, Mughal general Islam Khan conquered Bengal. However, administration by governors appointed by the court of the Mughal Empire gave way to semi-independence of the area under the Nawabs of Murshidabad, who nominally respected the sovereignty of the Mughals in Delhi. Clive This work is copyrighted. ... Clive This work is copyrighted. ... Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive of Plassey (September 29, 1725 - November 22, 1774) was the statesman and general who established the empire of British India. ... Combatants British East India Company Siraj Ud Daulah (Nawab of Bengal), La Compagnie des Indes Orientales Commanders Colonel Robert Clive (later Governor of Bengal and Baron of Plassey) Mir Jafar Ali Khan, defected (Commander-in-chief of the Nawab), M. Sinfray (French Secretary to the Council) Strength 2,200 European... BCE redirects here. ... The Gupta Empire under Chandragupta II (ruled 375-415) The Gupta Empire was one of the largest political and military empires in the world. ... Shashanka (Bangla: à¦¶à¦¶à¦¾à¦™à§à¦•) is often attributed with creating the first unified political entity in Bengal. ... Buddhism is a variety of teachings, sometimes described as a religion[1] or way of life that attempts to identify the causes of human suffering and offer various ways that are claimed to end, or ease suffering. ... Buddha and Bodhisattvas, 11th century, Pala Empire. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... The Sena dynasty ruled Bengal through the 11th and 12th centuries. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Sufism is a mystic tradition within Islam that encompasses a diverse range of beliefs and practices dedicated to Divine love and the cultivation of the elements of the Divine within the individual human being. ... The Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place from the 11th to the 17th centuries, though earlier Muslim conquests made limited inroads into the region, beginning during the period of the ascendancy of the Rajput Kingdoms in North India, from the 7th century onwards. ... Bakhtiyar Khalji, also known as Malik Ghazi Ikhtiyaru l-Din Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji, was a Khilji, a Muslim Turk, who was head of the armies that conquered much of northeastern India. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ... The Slave dynasty (Urdu: Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†Øª ØºÙ„Ø§Ù…Ø§Ù†) served as the first Sultans of Delhi in India from 1206 to 1290. ... The Delhi Sultanate (Ø¯Ù„ÛŒ Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†Øª), or Sulthanath-e-Hind (Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†ØªÙ ÛÙ†Ø¯) / Sulthanath-e-Dilli (Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†ØªÙ Ø¯Ù„ÛŒ) refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India from 1210 to 1526. ... Lakshman Sen or Lakshman Sena (1179 - 1206 CE) was the fourth ruler of the Sena dynasty of Bengal. ... For other uses, see Sultan (disambiguation). ... Shaikh Alauddin Chisti was a subedar and general of the army of the Mughal empire in Bengal, and the first governor of the city of Dhaka, the capital of modern Bangladesh. ... Mughal Empire at its greatest extent in 1700 Capital Lahore, Delhi, Agra , Kabul, Lucknow and Bhopal Language(s) Persian (initially also Chagatai; later also Urdu) Government Absolute Monarchy , Unitary Government with a federal structure Emperor - 1526-1530 Babur - 1530â€“1539 and after restoration 1555â€“1556 Humayun - 1556â€“1605 Akbar - 1605... , For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ...

European traders arrived late in the fifteenth century. Their influence grew until the British East India Company gained taxation rights in Bengal subah, or province, following the Battle of Plassey in 1757, when Siraj ud-Daulah, the last independent Nawab, was defeated by the British.^[9] The Bengal Presidency was established by 1765, eventually including all British territories north of the Central Provinces (now Madhya Pradesh), from the mouths of the Ganges and the Brahmaputra to the Himalayas and the Punjab. The Bengal famine of 1770 claimed millions of lives.^[10] Calcutta was named the capital of British India in 1772. The Bengal Renaissance and Brahmo Samaj socio-cultural reform movements had great impact on the cultural and economic life of Bengal. The failed Indian rebellion of 1857 started near Calcutta and resulted in transfer of authority to the British Crown, administered by the Viceroy of India.^[11] Between 1905 and 1911, an abortive attempt was made to divide the province of Bengal into two zones.^[12] Bengal suffered from the Great Bengal famine in 1943 that claimed 3 million lives.^[13] The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ... A Subah is a province of the former Mughal Empire. ... Combatants British East India Company Siraj Ud Daulah (Nawab of Bengal), La Compagnie des Indes Orientales Commanders Colonel Robert Clive (later Governor of Bengal and Baron of Plassey) Mir Jafar Ali Khan, defected (Commander-in-chief of the Nawab), M. Sinfray (French Secretary to the Council) Strength 2,200 European... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Shirajuddaula. ... Bengal, known as Bango ( Bengali:বঙ্গ), Bangla (বাংলা), Bangodesh (বঙ্গদেশ), or Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ) in Bengali, is a region in the northeast of South Asia. ... A British Raj province comprising British conquests from the Mughals and Marathas in central India. ... , Madhya Pradesh (abbreviated as MP) (HindÄ«: à¤®à¤§à¥à¤¯ à¤ªà¥à¤°à¤¦à¥‡à¤¶, English: , IPA: ), often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. ... The Brahmaputra is one of the major rivers of Asia. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... This article is about the geographical region. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Anthem God Save The Queen/King British India, circa 1860 Capital Calcutta (1858-1912), New Delhi (1912-1947) Language(s) Hindi, Urdu, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India - 1877-1901 Victoria - 1901-1910 Edward VII - 1910-1936 George V - January-December 1936 Edward VIII - 1936-1947 George... The Bengal Renaissance refers to a social reform movement during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the region of Bengal in undivided India during the period of British rule. ... Brahmo Samaj is a social and religious movement founded in Kolkata, India in 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. ... Belligerents Rebellious East India Company Sepoys, 7 Indian princely states, deposed rulers of the independent states of Oudh, Jhansi Some Indian civilians. ... This article is about the monarchy of the United Kingdom, one of sixteen that share a common monarch; for information about this constitutional relationship, see Commonwealth realm; for information on the reigning monarch, see Elizabeth II. For information about other Commonwealth realm monarchies, as well as other relevant articles, see... The Governor-General of India (or Governor-General and Viceroy of India) was the head of the British administration in India. ... The Partition of Bengal in 1905, was made on 16 October by then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. ... The Bengal famine of 1943 is one amongst the several Famines that occurred in British administered undivided Bengal (now independent Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal) in 1943. ...

Bengal played a major role in the Indian independence movement, in which revolutionary groups such as Anushilan Samiti and Jugantar were dominant. Armed attempts against the British Raj from Bengal reached a climax when Subhash Chandra Bose led the Indian National Army from Southeast Asia against the British. When India gained independence in 1947, Bengal was partitioned along religious lines. The western part went to India (and was named West Bengal) while the eastern part joined Pakistan as a province called East Bengal (later renamed East Pakistan, giving rise to Bangladesh in 1971).^[14] In 1955, the former French enclave of Chandannagar, which had passed into Indian control after 1950, was integrated into West Bengal; portions of Bihar were subsequently merged with West Bengal. The term Indian independence movement is diffused, incorporating various national and regional campaigns, agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Militant philosophy and involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim of ending the British Colonial Authority as well as other colonial... Revolutionary movement for Indian independence is often a less-highlighted aspect of Indian independence movement - the underground revolutionary factions. ... Anushilan Samiti was the principal secret revolutionary organisation operating in Bengal in the first quarter of the 20th century. ... Jugantar or Yugantar (nearest English word epoch-making) was one of the secret revolutionary organisations operating in Bengal for Indian independence. ... Anthem God Save The King-Emperor The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (1858 - 1912) New Delhi (1912 - 1947) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India - 1858-1901 VictoriaÂ¹ - 1901-1910 Edward VII - 1910-1936 George V - 1936 Edward VIII - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy... Subhash Chandra Bose, (Bangla: à¦¨à§‡à¦¤à¦¾à¦œà§€ à¦¸à§à¦à¦¾à¦· à¦šà¦¨à§à¦¦à§à¦° à¦¬à¦¸à§ ( à¤¸à¥à¤à¤¾à¤· à¤šà¤¦à¤‚à¤° à¤µà¤¸à¥ ) Shubhash ChÃ´ndro Boshu) (January 23, 1897 â€“ presumably August 18, 1945 [although this is disputed]note), also known as Netaji, was one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian Independence Movement against the British Raj and was a prominent supporter of the Axis dictatorships as... The Indian National Army (I.N.A) or Azad Hind Fauj was the army of the Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind (The Provisional Government of Free India ) which fought along with the Japanese 15th Army during the Japanese Campaign in Burma, and in the Battle of Imphal, during the Second... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... The History of the Republic of India began on August 15, 1947 when India became an independent Dominion within the British Commonwealth. ... The Partition of Bengal in 1947 divided Bengal into the two separate entities of West Bengal belonging to India, and East Bengal belonging to Pakistan. ... East Bengal was the name used during two periods in the 20th century for a territory that roughly included the modern state of Bangladesh. ... East Pakistan was a former province of Pakistan which existed between 1955 and 1971. ... French India is highlighted in light blue on the subcontinent. ... , Chandannagore Strand: A unique place along the bank of Ganga Chandannagar, formerly known as Chandernagore or Chandernagar (French: Chandernagor), (Bengali: ) is a small city and former French colony located 30 kilometers north of Kolkata, in West Bengal, India. ...

During the 1960s and 1970s, severe power shortages, strikes and a violent Marxist-Naxalite movement damaged much of the state's infrastructure, leading to a period of economic stagnation. The Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 resulted in the influx of millions of refugees to West Bengal, causing significant strains on its infrastructure.^[15] West Bengal politics underwent a major change when the Left Front won the 1977 assembly election, defeating the incumbent Indian National Congress. The Left Front, led by CPI(M) has governed for the subsequent three decades.^[16] Map showing the districts affected by the Naxalite movement Naxalite or Naxalism is an informal name given to radical, often violent, revolutionary communist groups that were born out of the Sino-Soviet split in the Indian communist movement. ... Combatants Mukti Bahini India Pakistan Commanders Col. ... Left Front election propaganda in Kolkata 2004 DSP-meeting in Kolkata West Bengal Left Front Committee meeting for solidarity with Tripura Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. ... Indian National Congress, Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... CPI(M) flag The Communist Party of India (Marxist), or CPI(M), is a political party in India. ...

The state's economic recovery gathered momentum after economic reforms in India were introduced in the mid-1990s by the central government, aided by election of a new reformist Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharya in 2000. As of 2007, armed activists have been organising minor terrorist attacks in some parts of the state,^[17]^[18] while clashes with the administration are taking place at several sensitive places on the issue of industrial land acquisition.^[19]^[20] Economic reform in India is something which is under close study. ... Judiciary Supreme Court of India Chief Justice of India High Courts District Courts Elections Political Parties Local & State Govt. ... A Chief Minister is the elected Head of Government of a state of India, a territory of Australia or a British overseas territory that has attained self-government. ...

Geography and climate

West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India, stretching from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south. The state has a total area of 88,752 square kilometres (34,267 sq mi).^[21] The Darjeeling Himalayan hill region in the northern extreme of the state belongs to the eastern Himalaya. This region contains Sandakfu (3,636 metres/11,929 feet)—the highest peak of the state.^[22] The narrow Terai region separates this region from the plains, which in turn transitions into the Ganges delta towards the south. The Rarh region intervenes between the Ganges delta in the east and the western plateau and high lands. A small coastal region is on the extreme south, while the Sundarbans mangrove forests form a remarkable geographical landmark at the Ganges delta. Landform of West Bengal 1. ... Download high resolution version (1024x768, 1089 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1024x768, 1089 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Network of National Highways in India National Highways in India is the class of roads maintained by the Central Government and is the main long-distance roadways. ... The Network of National Highways in India The list of National Highways in India gives a region wide listing of the Indian Highways, a class of roads maintained by the National Highways Authority of India. ... The Teesta River is one of the most scenic rivers in Eastern India. ... , Kalimpong (Nepali: à¤•à¤¾à¤²à¤¿à¤®à¥à¤ªà¥‹à¤™) is a hill station (a hill town) nestled in the Shiwalik Hills (or Lower Himalaya) in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1632 Ã— 1224 pixel, file size: 393 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1632 Ã— 1224 pixel, file size: 393 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... Look up Bay of Bengal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Darjeeling Himalayan hill region is situated on the North-Western side of the state of West Bengal in India. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... The view from the highest point in West Bengal Sandakfu or Sandakphu (3636 m) is the highest peak in the state of West Bengal, India. ... The Terai, or Tarai (i. ... Ganges River Delta, Bangladesh and India The Ganges Delta (also Sunderban Delta or the Bengal Delta) is a river delta in the South Asia region of Bengal, consisting of Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal, India. ... Rarh region of West Bengal is the region that intervenes between the Western plateau and high lands and the Ganges delta. ... The Western plateau and highlands is the eastern border of the chhotanagpur plateau. ... Ganges River Delta, Bangladesh and India The Sundarbans delta is the largest mangrove forest in the world. ... Above and below water view at the edge of the mangal. ...

The Ganges is the main river, which divides in West Bengal. One branch enters Bangladesh as the Padma or Pôdda, while the other flows through West Bengal as the Bhagirathi River and Hooghly River. The Teesta, Torsa, Jaldhaka and Mahananda rivers are in the northern hilly region. The western plateau region has rivers such as the Damodar, Ajay and Kangsabati. The Ganges delta and the Sundarbans area have numerous rivers and creeks. Pollution of the Ganges from indiscriminate waste dumped into the river is a major problem.^[23] At least nine districts in the state suffer from arsenic contamination of groundwater, and an estimated 8.7 million people drink water containing arsenic above the World Health Organisation recommended limit of 10 µg/L.^[24] Ganga redirects here. ... The Padma River is a distributary of the Ganges River in Bangladesh. ... The Bhagirathi is one of the two major tributaries of the Ganga. ... The Hooghly River (alternatively spelled Hoogli or Hugli) is a distributary of the Ganges River in India. ... The Teesta River is one of the most scenic rivers in Eastern India. ... Torsa (occasionally Torsay) is one of the Slate Islands in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. ... A river originating in the eastern Himalayas. ... The Mahananda River is a river the originates in the district of Darjeeling in West Bengal in the Himalayas. ... Damodar River rises from the Chota Nagpur plateau of the Jharkhand state of India. ... The Ajay River is an important river in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Kangsabati River near Midnapore town The Kangsabati River system (also variously known as the Kasai and Cossye, and not to be confused with the Kasai River in Africa), rises from the Chota Nagpur plateau in the state of Jharkhand, India and passes through the districts of Purulia, Bankura and Paschim... Arsenic contamination of groundwater has occurred in various parts of the world, most notably the Ganges Delta of Bangladesh and West Bengal, India, causing serious arsenic poisoning among large numbers of people. ... For other meanings of the acronym WHO, see WHO (disambiguation) WHO flag Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the World Health Organization (WHO) is an agency of the United Nations, acting as a coordinating authority on international public health. ... Kg redirects here. ... The litre or liter (see spelling differences) is a unit of volume. ...

West Bengal's climate varies from tropical savannah in the southern portions to humid subtropical in the north. The main seasons are summer, rainy season, a short autumn, and winter. While the summer in the delta region is noted for excessive humidity, the western highlands experience a dry summer like northern India, with the highest day temperature ranging from 38 °C (100 °F) to 45 °C (113 °F).^[25] At nights, a cool southerly breeze carries moisture from the Bay of Bengal. In early summer brief squalls and thunderstorms known as Kalbaisakhi, or Nor'westers, often occur.^[26] Monsoons bring rain to the whole state from June to September. West Bengal receives the Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian ocean monsoon that moves in a northwest direction. Winter (December–January) is mild over the plains with average minimum temperatures of 15 °C (59 °F).^[25] A cold and dry northern wind blows in the winter, substantially lowering the humidity level. However, the Darjeeling Himalayan Hill region experiences a harsh winter, with occasional snowfall at places. Savannah redirects here. ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... A squall is a sudden, sharp increase in wind speed which usually is associated with active weather, such as rain showers, thunderstorms, or heavy snow. ... A semi-arid wasteland near Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu. ... For other uses, see Monsoon (disambiguation). ...

Government and politics

West Bengal is governed through a parliamentary system of representative democracy, a feature the state shares with other Indian states. Universal suffrage is granted to residents. There are three branches of government. The legislature, the West Bengal Legislative Assembly, consists of elected members and special office bearers such as the Speaker and Deputy Speaker, that are elected by the members. Assembly meetings are presided over by the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker in the Speaker's absence. The judiciary is composed of the Calcutta High Court and a system of lower courts. Executive authority is vested in the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister, although the titular head of government is the Governor. The Governor is the head of state appointed by the President of India. The leader of the party or coalition with a majority in the Legislative Assembly is appointed as the Chief Minister by the Governor, and the Council of Ministers are appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister. The Council of Ministers reports to the Legislative Assembly. The Assembly is unicameral with 295 Members of the Legislative Assembly, or MLAs,^[27]^[28] including one nominated from the Anglo-Indian community. Terms of office run for 5 years, unless the Assembly is dissolved prior to the completion of the term. Auxiliary authorities known as panchayats, for which local body elections are regularly held, govern local affairs. The state contributes 42 seats to Lok Sabha and 16 seats to Rajya Sabha of the Indian Parliament.^[29] The Government of West Bengal also known as the State Government of West Bengal, or locally as State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of West Bengal and its 19 districts. ... Chief Ministers of West Bengal See also West Bengal Chief Ministers of India Links Categories: India-related stubs | West Bengal | Indian politicians | Office-holders | Government of India ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (713x661, 76 KB)DSP meeting in Kolkata ahead of Lok Sabha elections 2004. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (713x661, 76 KB)DSP meeting in Kolkata ahead of Lok Sabha elections 2004. ... For other uses, see Demonstration. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in red and orangeâ€”the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ... Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principles of popular sovereignty by the peoples representatives. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: Universal suffrage (also general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to all adults, without distinction as to race, sex, belief, intelligence, or economic or social status. ... A Legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to create, amend and ratify laws. ... The West Bengal Legislative Assembly â€” the Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ... The Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India. ... In political science and constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the state. ... Chief Ministers of West Bengal See also West Bengal Chief Ministers of India Links Categories: India-related stubs | West Bengal | Indian politicians | Office-holders | Government of India ... The Governor of West Bengal is a nominal head and representative of the President of India in the state of West Bengal. ... For the comedy film of the same name, see Head of State (film). ... The President of India (Hindi: Rashtrapati) is the head of state and first citizen of India and the Supreme Commander of the Indian armed forces. ... Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ... A Member of the Legislative Assembly, or MLA, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to the Legislature or legislative assembly of a subnational jurisdiction. ... Anglo-Indians are persons who have descended from a mix of British and Indian parentage. ... // The Panchayat (à¤ªà¤‚à¤šà¤¾à¤¯à¤¤ in Devanagiri) is an Indian political system that groups five villages in a quincunx (four peripheral villages around a central one were laid out as the 5 side of a die). ... The Lok Sabhha (alternatively titled, the House of the People, by the Constitution of India) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. ... Executive President Vice-President Prime Minister Dy. ... The Parliament of India is bicameral. ...

The main players in the regional politics are the Left Front alliance (led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) or CPI(M)), the All India Trinamool Congress, the Indian National Congress, and other major parties. Following the West Bengal State Assembly Election in 2006, the Left Front coalition under Buddhadeb Bhattacharya of the CPI(M) was elected to power. West Bengal has been ruled by the Left Front for the past 30 years, making it the world's longest-running democratically-elected communist government.^[16] Politics in West Bengal is dominated by the following major political parties, theCommunist Party of India (Marxist), the Indian National Congress (also known as Congress(I)) and the Trinamool Congress. ... Left Front election propaganda in Kolkata 2004 DSP-meeting in Kolkata West Bengal Left Front Committee meeting for solidarity with Tripura Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. ... Prior to the merger the students wing of the party was known as Trinamool Chhatra Parishad, the teachers wing Nationalist Democratic Teachers’ Association and the trade union wing was called Indian National Trinamool Trade Union Congress. ... Indian National Congress, Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... West Bengal, India The West Bengal state assembly election of 2006, part of a series of state assembly elections in 2006, was scheduled to occur in five phases. ... Buddhadeb Bhattacharya (Bengali: ) (born March 1, 1944) is an Indian Communist politician, who has served as the Chief Minister of West Bengal (India) since November 6, 2000. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...

Subdivisions

There are 19 districts in West Bengal — Bankura, Bardhaman, Birbhum, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling, East Midnapore, Hooghly, Howrah, Jalpaiguri, Kolkata, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, North 24 Parganas, North Dinajpur, Purulia, South 24 Parganas, Dakshin Dinajpur and West Midnapore. Each district is governed by a district collector or district magistrate, appointed either by the Indian Administrative Service or the West Bengal Civil Service. Each district is subdivided into Sub-Divisions, governed by a sub-divisional magistrate, and again into Blocks. Blocks consists of panchayats (village councils) and town municipalities. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... There are 19 districts in West Bengal, namely: Bankura District Bardhaman District Birbhum District Darjeeling District East Midnapore Hooghly District Howrah District Jalpaiguri district Kolkatta Malda District Murshidabad District Nadia District North 24 Parganas North Dinajpur Purulia South 24 Parganas South Dinajpur West Midnapore Official website of Government of West... Bankura is a famous historical district of West Bengal, India. ... Bardhaman is a district in West Bengal. ... Birbhum district in West Bengal Birbhum (Bengali: à¦¬à§€à¦°à¦à§‚à¦®) is a district in West Bengal state of India. ... , Cooch Behar (Bengali : à¦•à§‹à¦šà¦¬à¦¿à¦¹à¦¾à¦°) is a district of the state of West Bengal, India, as well as the name of the town which gives its name to the district. ... Darjeeling is a district of West Bengal whose headquarters are at the hill station of Darjeeling. ... Midnapore East is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. ... It has been proposed below that Hooghly District be renamed and moved to Hooghly district. ... Howrah is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... // General Information Jalpaiguri is the largest district of North Bengal convering 6245 sq. ... Kolkata is an administrative district of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Malda (Bengali: à¦®à¦¾à¦²à¦¦à¦¾) is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Murshidabad District is a district of West Bengal state in eastern India. ... Nadia is a district of the state of West Bengal, in the north east of the Republic of India. ... North 24 Parganas is a district of West Bengal, India. ... The district of Uttar Dinajpur (Bengali: à¦‰à¦¤à§à¦¤à¦° à¦¦à¦¿à¦¨à¦¾à¦œà¦ªà§à¦°) (uttar meaning North) came into existence on 1992-04-01 after the bifurcation of erstwhile West Dinajpur District. ... Purulia district (also spelled Puruliya) is one of the 16 districts of West Bengal state, India. ... South 24 Parganas is an important district of West-Bengal. ... The Dakshin Dinajpur, also known as South Dinajput, district was created on April 1, [1992]]. Balurghat sub-division, alongwith Banshihari block, Kushmandi block and Gangarampur sub-divisions comprise the district. ... Midnapore West is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. ... The District Collector is a Central Indian Government appointee who is in charge of the governance of a district in a state. ... The (IAS) is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India; other two services being the Indian Police Service (IPS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS). ... West Bengal Civil Service, popularly known as WBCS, is the civil services of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... // The Panchayat (à¤ªà¤‚à¤šà¤¾à¤¯à¤¤ in Devanagiri) is an Indian political system that groups five villages in a quincunx (four peripheral villages around a central one were laid out as the 5 side of a die). ... A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ...

The capital and largest city of the state is Kolkata — the third-largest urban agglomeration^[30] and the fourth-largest city^[31] in India. Siliguri is an economically important town, strategically located in the northeastern Chicken's Neck of India. Asansol, Durgapur and Raniganj are cities in the western industrial belt. Other major cities and towns in West Bengal are Howrah, Haldia, Kharagpur, Burdwan, Darjeeling, Midnapore, Tamluk, Malda and Cooch Behar. This article lists the top fifty metropolitan areas in India by population as of 2007. ... In the study of human settlements, an agglomeration is an extended city or town area comprising the built-up area of a central place (usually a municipality) and any suburbs or adjacent satellite towns. ... The following is a list of the most populous cities in India. ... , Siliguri (Bengali: à¦¶à¦¿à¦²à¦¿à¦—à§à¦¡à¦¼à¦¿) is a rapidly developing metropolis in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... The Chickens Neck an isthmus of Indian territory is shown in red. ... , Asansol (Bengali: ), a coal-mining-industrial centre, is the second largest city [1] in West Bengal, after Kolkata. ... , See Durgapur, Chandrapur for town of same name in Maharashtra Durgapur (Bengali: à¦¦à§à¦°à§à¦—à¦¾à¦ªà§à¦°) is an industrial metropolis in the state of West Bengal, India, located about 160 km from Kolkata. ... Raniganj is a city and a municipality in Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... West Bengal is the state with highest population density in India. ... Howrah (also spelled Haora) is an industrial city in West Bengal, India. ... , Haldia is a city and a municipality in Purba Medinipur in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Kharagpur is a town in India. ... Bardhaman is a district town in West Bengal. ... For other uses, see Darjeeling (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Midnapore (disambiguation). ... Tamluk is an ancient city of West Bengal state in India, near the Rupnarayan River. ... English Bazar is the district headquarters of the district of Malda, West Bengal,India. ... For other uses see Cooch Behar (disambiguation) Cooch Behar (Bengali: à¦•à§‹à¦šà¦¬à¦¿à¦¹à¦¾à¦° Pronunciation: kOOch bÄhÃ¤r`) is the district headquarters and the largest town of Cooch Behar District of Indian state of West Bengal. ...

Economy

Agriculture is the leading occupation in West Bengal. Rice is the state's principal food crop. Other food crops are maize, pulses, oil seeds, wheat, barley, tobacco, sugarcane and potatoes. Jute is the main cash crop of the region. Tea is also produced commercially; the region is well known for Darjeeling and other high quality teas.^[33] However, the service sector is the largest contributor to the gross domestic product of the state, contributing 51% of the state domestic product compared to 27% from agriculture and 22% from industry.^[34] State industries are localized in the Kolkata region and the mineral-rich western highlands. Durgapur–Asansol colliery belt is home to a number of major steel plants.^[33] Manufacturing industries playing an important economic role are engineering products, electronics, electrical equipment, cables, steel, leather, textiles, jewellery, frigates, automobiles, railway coaches, and wagons. For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... This article is about the maize plant. ... The Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) defines pulses as annual leguminous crops yielding from one to 12 grains or seeds of variable size, shape and colour within a pod. ... Vegetable oil or vegoil is fat extracted from plant sources. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References: ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat Wheat For the indie rock group, see Wheat (band). ... For other uses, see Barley (disambiguation). ... Shredded tobacco leaf for pipe smoking Tobacco can also be pressed into plugs and sliced into flakes Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. ... Species Saccharum arundinaceum Saccharum bengalense Saccharum edule Saccharum officinarum Saccharum procerum Saccharum ravennae Saccharum robustum Saccharum sinense Saccharum spontaneum Sugarcane or Sugar cane (Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae), native to warm temperate to tropical... Potatoe is an archaic spelling of the word potato as a variant form, with the most recent usage cited from 1880: She found the parson in his garden. ... This article is about vegetable fibre. ... In agriculture, a cash crop is a crop which is grown for money. ... For other uses, see Tea (disambiguation). ... Darjeeling tea has traditionally been prized above all other black teas, especially in the UK and the countries comprising the former British Empire. ... The tertiary sector of industry, also called the service sector or the service industry, is one of the three main industrial categories of a developed economy, the others being the secondary industry (manufacturing and primary goods production such as agriculture), and primary industry (extraction such as mining and fishing). ... GDP redirects here. ...

A significant part of the state is economically backward, namely, large parts of six northern districts of Cooch Behar, Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Malda, North Dinajpur and South Dinajpur; three western districts of Purulia, Bankura, Birbhum; and the Sundarbans area.^[1] Years after independence, West Bengal was still dependent on the central government for meeting its demands for food; food production remained stagnant and the Indian green revolution bypassed the state. However, there has been a significant spurt in food production since the 1980s, and the state now has a surplus of grains.^[1] The state's share of total industrial output in India was 9.8% in 1980–81, declining to 5% by 1997–98. However, the service sector has grown at a rate higher than the national rate.^[1] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1126 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): West Bengal Agriculture in India Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1126 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): West Bengal Agriculture in India Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital... For other uses see Cooch Behar (disambiguation) Cooch Behar (Bengali: à¦•à§‹à¦šà¦¬à¦¿à¦¹à¦¾à¦° Pronunciation: kOOch bÄhÃ¤r`) is the district headquarters and the largest town of Cooch Behar District of Indian state of West Bengal. ... For other uses, see Darjeeling (disambiguation). ... Jalpaiguri (Bengali:à¦œà¦²à¦ªà¦¾à¦‡à¦—à§à¦¡à¦¼à¦¿) is a town in the state of West Bengal, India. ... Malda is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... The district of Uttar Dinajpur (Bengali: à¦‰à¦¤à§à¦¤à¦° à¦¦à¦¿à¦¨à¦¾à¦œà¦ªà§à¦°) (uttar meaning North) came into existence on 1992-04-01 after the bifurcation of erstwhile West Dinajpur District. ... West Dinajpur District was created out of the erstwhile Dinajpur district in 1947 at the time of partition of India. ... , Purulia(Bengali: à¦ªà§à¦°à§à¦²à¦¿à¦¯à¦¼à¦¾) (also spelled Puruliya) is a town located in West Bengal state, India. ... , Bankura (Bengali: ) is a city and a municipality in Bankura District in the state of West Bengal, India. ... Birbhum is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Ganges River Delta, Bangladesh and India The Sundarbans delta is the largest mangrove forest in the world. ... The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds after 1965 and the increased use of fertilizers and irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution, which provided the increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains, thus improving agriculture in India. ...

West Bengal has the third largest economy (2003–2004) in India, with a net state domestic product of US$ 21.5 billion.^[34] During 2001–2002, the state's average SDP was more than 7.8% — outperforming the National GDP Growth.^[35] The state has promoted foreign direct investment, which has mostly come in the software and electronics fields;^[34] Kolkata is becoming a major hub for the Information technology (IT) industry. Owing to the boom in Kolkata's and the overall state's economy, West Bengal is now the third fastest growing economy in the country.^[36] However, the rapid industrialisation process has given rise to debate over land acquisition for industry in this agrarian state.^[37] NASSCOM–Gartner ranks West Bengal power infrastructure the best in the country.^[38] West Bengals state domestic product (SDP) grew in 2004 with 12.7 % and in 2005 with 11.0 % .^[39] The Net Domestic Product (NDP) equals the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) minus depreciation on a countrys Capital (economics) goods. ... USD redirects here. ... This article is about economics. ... Information and communication technology spending in 2005 Information Technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware. ... The National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM), the Indian chamber of commerce that serves as an interface to the Indian Software Industry and Indian BPO Industry NASSCOMâ€™s member companies are in the business of software development, software services, and IT-enabled/BPO services. ... Gartner, Inc. ...

Transport

The total length of surface road in West Bengal is over 92,023 km (57,180 mi);^[40] national highways comprise 2,377 km (1,477 mi)^[41] and state highways 2,393 km (1,487 mi). The road density of the state is 103.69 km per 100 sq km (166.92 mi per 100 sq mi), higher than the national average of 74.7 km per 100 sq km (120 mi per 100 sq mi).^[42] Average speed on state highways varies between 40–50 km/h (25–31 mi/h); in villages and towns, speeds are as low as 20–25 km/h (12–16 mi/h) due to the substandard quality of road constructions and low maintenance. Total railway length is 3,825 km (2,377 mi).^[43] Kolkata is the headquarters of two divisions of the Indian Railways—Eastern Railway and South Eastern Railway.^[44] The Northeast Frontier Railway plies in the northern parts of the state. The Kolkata metro is the country's first underground railway,^[45] and the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (NFR) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.^[46] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1378 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Madhyamgram Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1378 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Madhyamgram Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... The Network of National Highways in India National Highways in India is the class of roads maintained by the Central Government and is the main long-distance roadways. ... Kilometres per hour (American spelling: kilometers per hour) is a unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector). ... Miles per hour is a unit of speed, expressing the number of international miles covered per hour. ... Indian Railways (Hindi à¤à¤¾à¤°à¤¤à¥€à¤¯ à¤°à¥‡à¤²), abbreviated as (Hindi à¤à¤¾à¤°à¥‡ ) IR, is a Department of the Government of India, under the Ministry of Railways, and is tasked with operating the rail network in India. ... Eastern Railway is a zone of the Indian Railways. ... The South Eastern Railway is one of the sixteen railway zones in the India of the Indian Railways. ... During the reorganisation of the Indian Railways system in 1952 was born the North Eastern Railway, NER, by amalgamating the Assam Railway and Avadh-Tirhut Railway. ... Kolkata Metro Train The Kolkata Metro or Calcutta Metro is the underground rail network in Kolkata (Calcutta), India. ... The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, nicknamed the Toy Train, is a 2 ft (610 mm) gauge narrow-gauge railway from Siliguri to Darjeeling in the Indian state of West Bengal, run by the Indian Railways. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State...

The state's only international airport is Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport at Dum Dum, Kolkata; which is the 7th busiest in india. Bagdogra airport near Siliguri is another significant airport in the state. Kolkata is a major river-port in eastern India. The Kolkata Port Trust manages both the Kolkata docks and the Haldia docks.^[47] There is passenger service to Port Blair on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and cargo ship service to ports in India and abroad, operated by the Shipping Corporation of India. Ferry is a principal mode of transport in the southern part of the state, especially in the Sundarbans area. Kolkata is the only city in India to have trams as a mode of transport and these are operated by the Calcutta Tramways Company.^[48] Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport (IATA: CCU, ICAO: VECC) is an airport located in Dum Dum, near Kolkata, West Bengal, India. ... Dum-dum is the colloquial name for several types of modified exploding (more properly known as expanding) ammunition for firearms. ... Bagdogra airport is a civilian airport at a distance of about eighteen kilometres from the city of Siliguri in northern West Bengal, India. ... , Siliguri (Bengali: à¦¶à¦¿à¦²à¦¿à¦—à§à¦¡à¦¼à¦¿) is a rapidly developing metropolis in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Kolkata port trust in Kolkata, India is a riverine port with two dock systems - Kolkata Dock System at Kolkata and a deep water dock system at Haldia Dock Complex, Haldia. ... , Haldia is a city and a municipality in Purba Medinipur in the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Map of Andaman and Nicobar Islands with an extra detailed area around Port Blair Port Blair (Hindi: à¤ªà¥‹à¤°à¥à¤Ÿ à¤¬à¥à¤²à¥‡à¤¯à¤°) (coordinates: ) is the largest town and a municipal council in Andamans district in the Andaman Islands and the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands union territory of India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Andaman Islands. ... Hapag-Lloyd Container ship Container ship A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. ... The Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) is a PSU of the Government of India that operates and manages vessels that services both national and international lines. ... The ferryboat Dongan Hills, filled with commuters, about to dock at a New York City pier, circa 1945. ... This article refers to public transport vehicles running on rails. ... Logo of the CTC The Calcutta Tramways Company Limited (CTC) is a West Bengal state government undertaken company that runs trams in Kolkata and buses in and around Kolkata. ...

Several government-owned organisations operate substandard bus services in the state, including the Calcutta State Transport Corporation, the North Bengal State Transport Corporation, the South Bengal State Transport Corporation, the West Bengal Surface Transport Corporation, and the Calcutta Tramways Company, thus leading to mismanagement. There are also private bus companies. The railway system is a nationalised service without any private investment. Hired forms of transport include metered taxis and auto rickshaws which often ply specific routes in cities. In most of the state, cycle rickshaws, and in Kolkata, hand-pulled rickshaws, are also used for short-distance travel. Calcutta State Transport Corporation (CSTC) is a West Bengal state government undertaken transport corporation. ... North Bengal State Transport Corporation (NBSTC) is a West Bengal state government undertaken transport corporation. ... South Bengal State Transport Corporation (SBSTC) is a West Bengal state government undertaken transport corporation. ... West Bengal Surface Transport Corporation (WBSTC) is a West Bengal state government undertaken transport corporation. ... Passengers and drivers meet at this auto rickshaw stand in Chennai. ... A betchak and its driver wait for a fare in Bandung, Indonesia Rickshaw in Hamburg. ...

Demographics

The vast majority of the 80,221,171 people of West Bengal^[49] are Bengalis.^[50] Bihari minority is scattered throughout the state and communities of Sherpas and ethnic Tibetans can be found in regions bordering Sikkim. People of Nepalese origin called Gurkha have a large population in Darjeeling district. West Bengal is also home to indigenous tribal Adivasis such as Santals, Kol, Koch-Rajbongshi and Toto tribe. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2080x1544, 811 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): West Bengal Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2080x1544, 811 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): West Bengal Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... The Bengali people are the ethnic community from Bengal (divided between India and Bangladesh) on the Indian subcontinent with a history dating back four millennia. ... Bihari is a name given to a group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken in the Bihar region of India. ... The word Sherpa originally referred to an ethnic group from the most mountainous region of Niple, high into the Himalayas (although many of them now live in India). ... The Tibetan people are a people indigenous to Tibet and surrounding areas stretching from Central Asia in the West to Myanmar and China in the East. ... Gurkha, also spelled as Gorkha, are people from Nepal and parts of North India, who take their name from the eighth century Hindu warrior-saint Guru Gorakhnath. ... An Adivasi woman from the Kutia Kondh tribal group in Orissa Ä€divÄsÄ«s (in Devanagari script: à¤†à¤¦à¤¿à¤µà¤¾à¤¸à¥€), literally original inhabitants, comprise a substantial indigenous minority of the population of India. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Kol people, a generic name for the Munda, Ho and Oraon tribes (Adivasi) of eastern India. ... // General Information The Totos are a primitive Mongoloid tribe residing in a small enclave called Totopara in the Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, India. ...

The official language is Bengali. Hindi and English are also used commonly. Nepali is spoken primarily in the Darjeeling district. Languages such as Rajbongshi, Santali and Ho are used in some parts of the state. Hinduism is the principal religion—72.5% of the population are Hindus. Muslims comprise 25%; Sikhism,Christianity and other religions make up the remainder.^[51] West Bengal has a population density of 904 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,341.3/sq mi) making it the most densely populated state in India.^[52] The state contributes 7.81% of India's population.^[53] The state's 1991–2001 growth rate of 17.84% is lower than the national rate of 21.34%.^[49] The gender ratio is 934 females per 1000 males.^[49] This article is about the Bengali language. ... Hindi (DevanÄgarÄ«: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the 22 official languages of India and is used, along with English, for central government administrative purposes. ... Indian English comprises several dialects or varieties of English spoken primarily in India, and/or by first generation Indian diaspora elsewhere in the world. ... Nepali (Khaskura) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Nepal, Bhutan, and some parts of India and Myanmar (Burma). ... Darjeeling is a district of West Bengal whose headquarters are at the hill station of Darjeeling. ... Santali is a language in the Munda subfamily of Austro-Asiatic, related to Ho and Mundari. ... Ho is a Munda (Austroasiatic language) spoken primarily in India by about 1,077,000 people. ... Hinduism is a religious tradition[1] that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Sikhism (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ), founded on the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev and nine successive gurus in fifteenth century Northern India, is the fifth-largest religion in the world. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Ecumenism Â· Relation to other religions Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Christianity Portal This box: Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ...

The literacy rate is 69.22%.^[49] Data of 1995–1999 showed the life expectancy in the state was 63.4 years, higher than the national value of 61.7 years.^[54] About 72% of people live in rural areas. The proportion of people living below the poverty line in 1999–2000 was 31.85%.^[1] Scheduled Castes and Tribes form 28.6% and 5.8% of the population respectively in rural areas, and 19.9% and 1.5% respectively in urban areas.^[1] In India, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are communities that are accorded special status by the Constitution of India. ...

The crime rate in the state in 2004 was 82.6 per 100,000, which was half of the national average.^[55] This is the fourth-lowest crime rate among the 32 states and union territories of India.^[56] However, the state reported the highest rate of Special and Local Laws (SLL) crimes.^[57] In reported crimes against women, the state showed a crime rate of 7.1 compared to the national rate of 14.1.^[56] West Bengal was the first Indian state to constitute a Human Rights Commission of its own.^[56] India is a federal republic comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. ... A Human Rights Commission is a body set up to investigate and protect human rights. ...

Culture

The Bangla language boasts a rich literary heritage, shared with neighboring Bangladesh. West Bengal has a long tradition in folk literature, evidenced by the Charyapada, Mangalkavya, Shreekrishna Kirtana, Thakurmar Jhuli, and stories related to Gopal Bhar. In the nineteenth and twentieth century, Bengali literature was modernized in the works of authors such as Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Rabindranath Tagore, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay and Manik Bandyopadhyay. Baul singers at Vasantotsav, Shantiniketan, Mar 2004 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Baul singers at Vasantotsav, Shantiniketan, Mar 2004 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Holi. ... Santiniketan is a small town in the Birbhum district of West Bengal, India, and approximately 180 kilometres north of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta). ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1200x1330, 3001 KB)Durga, riding on her lion, attacking Mahisasur. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1200x1330, 3001 KB)Durga, riding on her lion, attacking Mahisasur. ... In Hinduism, Durga (Sanskrit: ) is a form of Devi, the supreme goddess. ... A statue of Mahishasura in Chamundi Hills, Mysore In Hindu mythology, Mahishasura was an asura (demon). ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Colourful flags with Buddhist text around a Hindu temple. ... This article is about the Bengali language. ... Charyapada is the oldest known Bengali written form. ... Mangalkavya (Bengali: à¦®à¦™à§à¦—à¦²à¦•à¦¾à¦¬à§à¦¯ lit. ... Shreekrishna Kirtana Kabya was composed by Boru Chandidas. ... Thakurmar Jhuli (Tales my Grandmother Told Me) is a collection of Bengali folk tales and fairy tales. ... Gopal Bhar was a legendary court jester in medieval Bengal. ... The first evidence of Bengali literature is known as Charyapada or Charyageeti, which were Buddhist hymns from the 8th century. ... Bankim Chandra Chatterjee Bankim Chandra Chatterjee (26 June 1838 - 8 April 1894) (Bengali: BÃ´ngkim ChÃ´ndro ChÃ´Å£Å£opaddhae) (Chattopadhyay in the original Bengali; Chatterjee as spelt by the British) was a Bengali Indian poet, novelist, essayist and journalist, most famous as the author of Vande Mataram or Bande Mataram... Michael Madhusudan Dutt (Datta), (Bengali: Maikel ModhushudÃ´n DÃ´tto) (1824-1873), born Madhusudan Dutt, is a famous 19th century Bengali poet and dramatist. ... (Bengali: , IPA: ) (7 May 1861 â€“ 7 August 1941), also known by the sobriquet Gurudev, was a Bengali poet, Brahmo Samaj philosopher, visual artist, playwright, novelist, and composer whose works reshaped Bengali literature and music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... Nazrul playing a flute, Chittagong, 1926 Kazi Nazrul Islam (Bangla: à¦•à¦¾à¦œà§€ à¦¨à¦œà¦°à§à¦² à¦‡à¦¸à¦²à¦¾à¦®) (b. ... Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay (Bangla: à¦¶à¦°à¦¤à§à¦šà¦¨à§à¦¦à§à¦° à¦šà¦Ÿà§à¦Ÿà§‹à¦ªà¦¾à¦§à§à¦¯à¦¾à¦¯à¦¼ ShÃ´rotchÃ´ndro ChÃ´Å£Å£opaddhae), also known as Saratchandra Chattopadhyay or Sharat Chandra Chatterjee (15 September 1876 - 16 January 1938) was an author from India. ...

The Baul tradition is a unique heritage of Bangla folk music, which has also been influenced by regional music traditions.^[58] Other folk music forms include Gombhira and Bhawaiya. Folk music in West Bengal is often accompanied by the ektara, a one-stringed instrument. West Bengal also has an heritage in North Indian classical music. From the early 1990s, there has been an emergence and popularisation of new genres of music, including fusions of Baul and Jazz by several Bangla bands, as well as the emergence of what has been called Jeebonmukhi Gaan (a modern genre based on realism) by artists like Anjan Dutta, Nachiketa and bands like Chandrabindoo, Cactus. Bengali dance forms draw from folk traditions, especially those of the tribal groups, as well as the broader Indian dance traditions. Chau dance of Purulia is a rare form of mask dance.^[59] Baul on a train in West Bengal Bauls (Bengali: à¦¬à¦¾à¦‰à¦²) are a group of mystic minstrels from Bengal, which comprises Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. ... Gambhira is a type of song (originating in Chapai Nawabganj, in the Northern region of Bangladesh). ... A musical form popular in Northern Bangladesh, specially Rangpur Categories: | | ... Ektara (Bangla: à¦à¦•à¦¤à¦¾à¦°à¦¾) is a one string instrument used in Bangladesh and India. ... Hindustani Classical Music is an Indian classical music tradition that took shape in northern India in the 13th and 14th centuries AD from existing religious, folk, and theatrical performance practices. ... Timeline and Samples Genres . ... A Bangla band is any (modern) musical band that performs solely or mainly in the Bengali language and which uses Western principles of music. ... Anjan Dutta is a popular artist of the 1990s Bengali music scene defined by anyodharar gaan (alternative songs). ... Nachiketa (Hindi:à¤¨à¤šà¤¿à¤•à¥‡à¤¤à¤¾) was son of a cowherd of the name VÄjashrava, who was offered to Yama to find a place in Heaven by his father. ... A Chandrabindoo logo depicting Juju, a bogey Chandrabindoo (Bengali: à¦šà¦¨à§à¦¦à§à¦°à¦¬à¦¿à¦¨à§à¦¦à§) (often spelled Chandrabindu), based in Kolkata, is a bangla band. ... Cactus is an American rock band that was conceived in late 1969 as a supergroup but ended up one of the first hard rock bands. ... Masks and drums used in Chau dance Chau dance is form of tribal dance seen in the Indian staetes of West Bengal, Jharkhand and Orissa. ...

Mainstream Hindi films are popular, as are films from the Bengali cinema industry, dubbed "Tollywood". Tollygunj in Kolkata is the location of Bengali movie studios and the name "Tollywood" (similar as Hollywood, USA) is derived from that name. The Bengali film industry is also known for art films. Its long tradition of filmmaking has produced acclaimed directors like Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen and Ritwik Ghatak. Contemporary directors include Buddhadev Dasgupta, Goutam Ghose, Aparna Sen and Rituparno Ghosh. Bollywood (Hindi: , Urdu: ) is the informal term popularly used for Mumbai-based Hindi-language film industry in India. ... Bengali cinema, or the Bengali film industry, is one of the earliest film industries in India. ... Tollygunge is a suburban locality of South Kolkata. ... , â€œCalcuttaâ€ redirects here. ... ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956â€“present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic - President George W. Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... Andrei Tarkovskys The Mirror Le FantÃ´me de la libertÃ©, one of the last films by Luis Bunuel (1974), which depicts seemingly random events, disrupting the conventions of storytelling in film. ... Director Herbert Brenon with actress Alla Nazimova on the set of War Brides, 1916 A director is a person who directs the making of a film. ... Satyajit Ray (Bengali: ) (May 2, 1921â€“April 23, 1992) was a Bengali Indian filmmaker and polymath. ... Mrinal Sen (Bangla: à¦®à§„à¦£à¦¾à¦² à¦¸à§‡à¦¨) is a Bengali Indian filmmaker. ... Ritwik Ghatak (Bengali: , Rittik Ghotok) (November 4, 1925 â€“ February 6, 1976) was a Bengali Indian writer and filmmaker. ... Buddhadev Dasgupta is a poet and prominent contemporary Indian filmmaker. ... Gautam Ghose (Credited as Goutam Ghose in International Media) is one of the acclaimed film directors of modern India, Gautam is a professional photojournalist. ... Aparna Sen (nÃ©e Dasgupta) (Bengali: à¦…à¦ªà¦°à§à¦£à¦¾ à¦¸à§‡à¦¨ Ã”porna Shen) (October 25, 1945 - ) is a Bengali Indian actress and film director and mother of actress Konkona Sen Sharma. ... Rituparno Ghosh (Bangla: à¦‹à¦¤à§à¦ªà¦°à§à¦£ à¦˜à§‹à¦· RitupÃ´rno Ghosh) is a young Bengali film director whose work has met with considerable critical acclaim in recent years, both in his native India and abroad. ...

Rice and fish are traditional favorite foods, leading to a saying in Bengali, machhe bhate bangali, that translates as "fish and rice make a Bengali".^[60] Bengal's vast repertoire of fish-based dishes includes hilsa preparations, a favorite among Bengalis. Bengalis make distinctive sweetmeats from milk products, including Rôshogolla, Chômchôm, Kalojam and several kinds of Pithe. Popular street food includes Beguni, Kati roll, and phuchka.^[61]^[62] Panta bhat (rice soaked overnight in water) is a traditional dish consumed in rural areas. Hilsa, also pronounced Ilish (Bangla: à¦‡à¦²à¦¿à¦¶) is the national fish of Bangladesh and also relished in Indias Bengali and Oriya speaking populace. ... The term confectionery refers to food items rich in sugar. ... Rasgulla (Oriya: Rasagolla; Bangla: à¦°à¦¸à¦—à§‹à¦²à§à¦²à¦¾ RÃ´shogolla [ËˆrÉ”ÊƒoËŒgolËa]; Hindi: Rasgulla) is a dessert from Orissa and Bengal consisting of balls of unripened cheese or cottage cheese (chenna) soaked in a sugary syrup. ... Pithe or PiÅ£ha are a kind of sweet cuisine of Bengal region â€” Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. ... A portable night-time Tex-Mex street-food stand outside the Helsinki railway station, Finland. ... Beguni are a Bengali snack made of fried eggplant slices. ... Kati roll or kati jabab roll or, roll is a street-available fast food popular in Kolkata, India. ... Panipuri, or Pani puri, is a snack synonymous with the beaches of Mumbai. ... Panta bhat is a rice-based dish consumed in Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, and in Orissa where it is known as pokhalo. ...

Bengali women commonly wear the shaŗi , often distinctly designed according to local cultural customs. In urban areas, many women and men wear Western attire. Among men, western dressing has greater acceptance. Men also wear traditional costumes such as the panjabi with dhuti , often on cultural occasions. Durga Puja in October is the most popular festival in the West Bengal.^[63] Pohela Baishakh (the Bengali New Year), Rathayatra, Dolyatra or Basanta-Utsab, Nobanno, Poush parbon (festival of Poush), kalipuja, saraswatipuja, laxmipuja, Christmas, Eid ul-Fitr and Eid ul-Adha are other major festivals. Buddha Purnima, which marks the birth of Gautama Buddha, is one of the most important Buddhist festivals while Christmas, called Bôŗodin (Great day) in Bangla is celebrated by the minority Christian population. West Bengal has been home to several famous religious teachers, including Sri Chaitanya, Sri Ramakrishna, Swami Vivekananda, and Paramahansa Yogananda. For the city, see Sari, Iran. ... A kurta (or sometimes kurti, for women) is a traditional piece of clothing worn in Afghanistan, northern India, and Pakistan. ... Similar to sarongs, dhotis are commonly worn with western-style oxford shirts by the men of South India. ... In Hinduism, Durga (Sanskrit: ) is a form of Devi, the supreme goddess. ... Poila Boishakh (Bengali: à¦ªà¦¹à§‡à¦²à¦¾ à¦¬à§ˆà¦¶à¦¾à¦–) is the first day of the Bangla Calendar. ... Rath yatra is one of the major festivals associated with Lord Jagannath, Puri, Orissa state, India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Holi. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Holi. ... Nobanno (Bangla: à¦¨à¦¬à¦¾à¦¨à§à¦¨) is the festival of harvest in Bengal. ... Poush is the 9th month in both the Bangla Calendar used in Bangladesh and in the Bikram Sambat calendar used in Nepal. ... This article or section includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... For the Vedic river, see Saraswati River. ... Lakshmi is also an actress in South Indian films. ... For other uses, see Christmas (disambiguation). ... Eid ul-Fitr or Id-Ul-Fitr (Arabic: Ø¹ÙŠØ¯ Ø§Ù„ÙØ·Ø± â€˜Äªdu l-Fiá¹r), often abbreviated to Eid, is a Muslim holiday that marks the end of Ramadan, the holy month of fasting. ... Eid al-Adha (Arabic: Ø¹ÙŠØ¯ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø¶ØÙ‰ â€˜Äªd al-â€™Aá¸á¸¥Ä) is a religious festival celebrated by Muslims worldwide as a commemoration of Ibrahims (Abrahams) willingness to sacrifice his son Ismael for Allah, but a voice from heaven allows Ibrahim to sacrifice a goat instead. ... Vesak (Sinhalese) is an annual holiday observed by practicing Buddhists. ... Siddhartha and Gautama redirect here. ... For other uses, see Christmas (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Bengali language. ... Deities of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu (right) and Sri Nityananda (left) at Radha-Krishna temple in Radhadesh, Belgium Caitanya Mahaprabhu (also transliterated Chaitanya) (1486 - 1534), was an ascetic Hindu monk and social reformer in 16th century Bengal, India (present-day West Bengal and Bangladesh). ... Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (Bangla: à¦°à¦¾à¦®à¦•à§ƒà¦·à§à¦£ à¦ªà¦°à¦®à¦¹à¦‚à¦¸ Ramkrishno PÃ´romÃ´hongsho), born Gadadhar Chattopadhyay (Bangla: à¦—à¦¦à¦¾à¦§à¦° à¦šà¦Ÿà§à¦Ÿà§‹à¦ªà¦¾à¦§à§à¦¯à¦¾à¦¯à¦¼ GÃ´dadhor ChÃ´Å£Å£opaddhae) [1], (February 18, 1836â€“August 16, 1886) was a Hindu religious teacher and an influential figure in the Bengal Renaissance of the Nineteenth century. ... Swami Vivekananda (Sanskrit: , SvÄmi VivekÄnanda) (January 12, 1863 â€“ July 4, 1902), whose pre-monastic name was Narendranath Dutta (Bengali: , NÃ´rendrÃ´nath DÃ´t-tÃ´), was one of the most famous and influential spiritual leaders of the philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga. ... Paramahansa Yogananda (Bengali: à¦ªà¦°à¦®à¦¹à¦‚à¦¸ à¦¯à§‹à¦—à¦¾à¦¨à¦¨à§à¦¦ PÃ´romohÃ´ngsho Joganondo, Sanskrit: à¤ªà¤°à¤®à¤¹à¤‚à¤¸ à¤¯à¥‹à¤—à¤¾à¤¨à¤‚â€à¤¦ Paramahaá¹ƒsa YogÄnaá¹ƒda; January 5, 1893â€“March 7, 1952), born Mukunda Lal Ghosh (Bengali: à¦®à§à¦•à§à¦¨à§à¦¦ à¦²à¦¾à¦² à¦˜à§‹à¦· Mukundo Lal Ghosh), was an Indian yogi and guru who introduced many westerners to the teachings of meditation and Kriya Yoga through his book, Autobiography of...

Education

West Bengal schools are run by the state government or by private organisations, including religious institutions. Instruction is mainly in English or Bengali, though Hindi and Urdu are also used. The secondary schools are affiliated with the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), or the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education. Under the 10+2+3 plan, after completing secondary school, students typically enroll for 2 years in a junior college, also known as pre-university, or in schools with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education or any central board. Students choose from one of three streams, namely, liberal arts, commerce or science. Upon completing the required coursework, students may enroll in general or professional degree programs. Calcutta has played a pioneering role in the development of the modern education system in India. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x900, 222 KB) Summary Main Building of IIT Kharagpur. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x900, 222 KB) Summary Main Building of IIT Kharagpur. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Urdu ( , , trans. ... This is the best eductional board in the country. ... The Central Board of Secondary Education is a board of school education in India. ... West Bengal Board of Secondary Education is the examining authority for the Standard 10 Examinations of the West Bengal Board of Education. ... India has had a long, interesting history of education and has been a seat of learning for . ... For the Indian grade 11 and 12 schools, see Junior College A junior college is a two-year post-secondary school whose main purpose is to provide a method of obtaining academic, vocational and professional education. ... It is the examining authority for the Standard 10 and Standard 12 Examinations of the West Bengal Board of Education. ... In the history of education, the seven liberal arts comprise two groups of studies, the trivium and the quadrivium. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor demonstrates the Meissner effect. ...

West Bengal has eighteen universities.^[64]^[65] The University of Calcutta, one of the oldest and largest public universities in India, has more than 200 affiliated colleges.^[66] The Bengal Engineering & Science University and Jadavpur University are prestigious technical universities.^[67] Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan is a central university and an institution of national importance.^[68] West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences is located in Kolkata. The state has higher education institutes of national importance including the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (the first management institute in India of its kind), the National Institute of Technology at Durgapur, the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, the Asiatic Society, the Indian Statistical Institute, the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences and the Marine Engineering and Research Institute. Formally established on the 24 January 1857, the University of Calcutta (also known as Calcutta University) (Bengali: à¦•à¦²à¦•à¦¾à¦¤à¦¾ à¦¬à¦¿à¦¶à§à¦¬à¦¬à¦¿à¦¦à§à¦¯à¦¾à¦²à¦¯à¦¼), located in the city of Kolkata (previously Calcutta), India, is the first modern university in the Indian subcontinent. ... The Bengal Engineering & Science University, established at Shibpur, Howrah, just opposite the city of Kolkata, is the third oldest engineering college in existence in India. ... Jadavpur University (Bengali: à¦¯à¦¾à¦¦à¦¬à¦ªà§à¦° à¦¬à¦¿à¦¶à§à¦¬à¦¬à¦¿à¦¦à§à¦¯à¦¾à¦²à¦¯à¦¼) (JU) is a premier educational and research institution in India. ... Established by Rabindranath Tagore in 1921, the Visva Bharati University (Bangla: à¦¬à¦¿à¦¶à§à¦¬-à¦à¦¾à¦°à¦¤à§€ à¦¬à¦¿à¦¶à§à¦¬à¦¬à¦¿à¦¦à§à¦¯à¦¾à¦²à¦¯à¦¼), located at Santiniketan, West Bengal in India is a Central University. ... , Santiniketan (Bangla: à¦¶à¦¾à¦¨à§à¦¤à¦¿à¦¨à¦¿à¦•à§‡à¦¤à¦¨ ShantiniketÃ´n) is a small town near Bolpur in the Birbhum district of West Bengal, India, approximately 180 kilometres north of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta). ... // The West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences was established on January 2nd. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (IIMC) is a national institute imparting post graduate education in management. ... Location of IIMs The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are Indias premier business schools that also conduct research and provide consultancy services in the field of management to various sectors of the Indian economy. ... NIT may stand for any of the following: National Invitation Tournament is a college basketball tournament operated by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. ... Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP) is an institution of basic research and training in physical and biophysical sciences located in Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, India. ... The Asiatic Society was founded by Sir William Jones (1746-1794) on 15 January 1784 in Calcutta, the capital of British India, to enhance and further the cause of Oriental research. ... Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), is a unique institution devoted to the research, teaching and application of statistics, natural sciences and social sciences. ... The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, often abbreviated to NUJS, located in the Salt Lake City district of Kolkata, West Bengal, India, is a law university imparting legal education at the undergraduate and post graduate level. ... The Marine Engineering and Research Institute (MERI), formerly known as the Directorate of Marine Engineering Training, is Indias national institute for the training of Marine Engineers. ...

Media

West Bengal had 505 published newspapers in 2005,^[69] of which 389 were in Bangla.^[69] Ananda Bazar Patrika, published from Kolkata with 1,234,122 daily copies, has the largest circulation for a single-edition, regional language newspaper in India.^[69] Other major Bengali newspapers are Aajkaal, Bartaman, Sangbad Pratidin, Uttarbanga Sambad and Ganashakti. The Telegraph, The Statesman, Asian Age, Hindustan Times and The Times of India are some of the newspapers published in English. Vernacular newspapers such as those in Hindi, Gujarati, Oriya, Urdu, Punjabi and Nepali are also read by a select readership. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1419 KB) Author: Myself Source: photo taken on 20th November, 2006 Description: Front page and some other pages of Anandabazar Patrika, a news daily published from Kolkata, India File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 1419 KB) Author: Myself Source: photo taken on 20th November, 2006 Description: Front page and some other pages of Anandabazar Patrika, a news daily published from Kolkata, India File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this... Anandabazar Patrika is a Bengali language broadsheet published from Kolkata. ... Ananda Bazar Patrika is one of the premier Bengali language daily newspapers in India. ... Aajkaal is one of the leading Bengali newspapers in Kolkata, India. ... Bartaman Patrika (Bengali: à¦¬à¦°à§à¦¤à¦®à¦¾à¦¨ à¦ªà¦¤à§à¦°à¦¿à¦•à¦¾) is an anti-left Bengali language newspaper published from Calcutta []. Apart from the Calcutta edition, the newspaper has four other simultaneous editions, published daily from four major towns of West Bengal -- Siliguri, Burdwan, Malda and Midnapore. ... Sangbad Pratidin (literally meaning news everyday) is a Bengali newspaper published from Kolkata, India. ... Uttar Banga Sambad (Bengali: à¦‰à¦¤à§à¦¤à¦° à¦¬à¦™à§à¦— à¦¸à¦‚à¦¬à¦¾à¦¦) is a Bengali language broadsheet published from Siliguri. ... Ganashakti is the official mouthpiece of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)s Bengal State Unit, which first appeared as a fortnightly in 1967 and was converted thereafter into a daily newspaper. ... This article deals with The Daily Telegraph in Britain, see The Daily Telegraph (Australia) for the Australian publication The Daily Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper founded in 1855. ... Established in 1875, The Statesman is among the leading daily newspapers of India. ... The Asian Age newspaper logo The Asian Age is an Indian newspaper. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Times of India (TOI) is a leading English-language broadsheet daily newspaper in India. ... Gujarati (àª—à«àªœàª°àª¾àª¤à«€ GujÇŽrÄtÄ«; also known as Gujerati, Gujarathi, Guzratee, and Guujaratee[3]) is an Indo-Aryan language descending from Sanskrit, and part of the greater Indo-European language family. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Punjabi (also Panjabi; in GurmukhÄ«, PanjÄbÄ« in ShÄhmukhÄ«) is the language of the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. ...

Doordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Multi system operators provide a mix of Bengali, Nepali, Hindi, English and international channels via cable. Bengali 24-hour television news channels include STAR Ananda and Kolkata TV, among others. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are available only in cities like Kolkata. BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Vodafone Essar, Aircel and Airtel are available cellular phone operators. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers. Doordarshan (sometimes DoorDarshan; ) is a Public broadcast Terrestrial television channel run by Prasar Bharati, a board nominated by the Government of India. ... M.S.O. (MULTIPLE SYSTEM OPERATOR) In the cable TV industry, an operator of multiple cable systems. ... Cable TV redirects here. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources. ... Kolkata TV is a 24x7 infotainment Bengali channel, launched by SST Media. ... For the electronica band, see All India Radio (band). ... In telecommunications, frequency modulation (FM) conveys information over a carrier wave by varying its frequency. ... Logo BSNL or Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited is Indias largest Communication Service Provider (CSP), and seventh largest in the world. ... Reliance Infocomm is an Indian telecommunications company, and is the brainchild of Mukesh Ambani, CMD, Reliance Industries. ... Tata Indicom is a private telecom service provider operating in most parts of India. ... Vodafone Essar is the third largest cellular operator in India that covers 16 telecom circles in India [1]. Despite the change in name of the company from Hutch Essar, the marketing brand remains to be Hutch; although, the brand is about to be changed to Vodafone on 21 September 2007. ... Aircel is the largest mobile phone service provider in Tamil Nadu, India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Bharti Televentures. ... Motorola T2288 mobile phone A mobile phone is a portable electronic device which behaves as a normal telephone whilst being able to move over a wide area (compare cordless phone which acts as a telephone only within a limited range). ... Broadband in telecommunications is a term that refers to a signaling method that includes or handles a relatively wide range of frequencies, which may be divided into channels or frequency bins. ... Dial-up access is a form of Internet access via telephone line. ...

See also

India is a federal republic comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. ... Andhra redirects here. ... , Arunachal Pradesh (Hindi: ) is the easternmost state of India. ... , Assam ( ) (Assamese: à¦…à¦¸à¦® Ã”xÃ´m) is a north eastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city Guwahati. ... For other uses, see Bihar (disambiguation). ... , Chhattisgarh (Chhattisgarhi/Hindi: à¤›à¤¤à¥à¤¤à¥€à¤¸à¤—à¤¢à¤¼, IPA: ) , a state in central India, formed when the sixteen Chhattisgarhi-speaking southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh gained statehood on November 1, 2000. ... For other uses, see Goa (disambiguation). ... This article is for the Indian state. ... For the town in Hoshiarpur district, see Hariana. ... , Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: à¤¹à¤¿à¤®à¤¾à¤šà¤² à¤ªà¥à¤°à¤¦à¥‡à¤¶, IPA: ) is a state in the north-west of India. ... This article is about the area administered by India. ... , Jharkhand (Hindi: à¤à¤¾à¤°à¤–à¤‚à¤¡, Bengali: à¦à¦¾à¦¡à¦¼à¦–à¦£à§à¦¡,IPA: ) is a state in eastern India. ... This article is about the Indian region. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: à´•àµ‡à´°à´³à´‚; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... , Madhya Pradesh (abbreviated as MP) (HindÄ«: à¤®à¤§à¥à¤¯ à¤ªà¥à¤°à¤¦à¥‡à¤¶, English: , IPA: ), often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. ... , Maharashtra (Marathi: à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤° , IPA , translation: Great Nation) is Indias third largest state in area and second largest in population after Uttar Pradesh. ... , Manipur (Bengali: à¦®à¦¨à¦¿à¦ªà§à¦°, Meitei Mayek: mnipur) is a state in northeastern India making its capital in the city of Imphal. ... , Meghalaya is a small state in north-eastern India. ... , Mizoram is one of the Seven Sister States in northeastern India on the border with Myanmar. ... , Nagaland is a hill state located in the far north-eastern part of India. ... , Orissa (Oriya: à¬“à¬¡à¬¼à¬¿à¬¶à¬¾), is a state situated on the east coast of India. ... , This article is about the Indian state of Punjab. ... , RÄjasthÄn (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤°à¤¾à¤œà¤¸à¥à¤¥à¤¾à¤¨, IPA: ) is the largest state of the Republic of India in terms of area. ... , Sikkim (Nepali: , also Sikhim) is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayas. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Tripura (Bengali: à¦¤à§à¦°à¦¿à¦ªà§à¦°à¦¾, Hindi: à¤¤à¥à¤°à¤¿à¤ªà¥à¤°à¤¾) is a state in North East India. ... , Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: , Urdu: , IPA: , translation: Northern Province), [often referred to as U.P.], located in central-south Asia and northern India, is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Republic of India. ... , Uttarakhand (Hindi: à¤‰à¤¤à¥à¤¤à¤°à¤¾à¤–à¤£à¥à¤¡ or à¤‰à¤¤à¥à¤¤à¤°à¤¾à¤–à¤‚à¤¡), is a state located in the northern part of India. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... A Union Territory is an administrative division of India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Andaman Islands. ... , Chandigarh, (Punjabi: , Hindi: ) also called City Beautiful, is a city in India that serves as the capital of two states, Punjab and Haryana, and is a union territory of India. ... Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Gujarati: àª¦àª¾àª¦àª°àª¾ àª…àª¨à«‡ àª¨àª—àª° àª¹àªµà«‡àª²à«€, Hindi: à¤¦à¤¾à¤¦à¤°à¤¾ à¤”à¤° à¤¨à¤—à¤° à¤¹à¤µà¥‡à¤²à¥€, Urdu: Ø¯Ø§Ø¯Ø±Û Ø§ÙˆØ± Ù†Ú¯Ø± ØÙˆÛŒÙ„ÛŒ, Portuguese: DadrÃ¡ e Nagar-Aveli) is a Union Territory in western India. ... , For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... Daman and Diu (Portuguese: Gujarati is the main language; use of Portuguese is declining because it is not official or taught at school (but still spoken by 10% in Daman). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the Union Territory. ...

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Introduction and Human Development Indices for West Bengal (PDF). West Bengal Human Development Report 2004 pp4–6. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal (May 2004). Archived from the original on 2006-11-08. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ History of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Student Association. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ "4000-year old settlement unearthed in Bangladesh", Xinhua, 2006-March.
^ (1989) "Early History, 1000 B.C.-A.D. 1202", in James Heitzman and Robert L. Worden: Bangladesh: A country study. Library of Congress.
^ Sultana, Sabiha. Settlement in Bengal (Early Period). Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2007-03-04.
^ Chowdhury, AM. Gangaridai. Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2006-09-08.
^ Shashanka. Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Islam (in Bengal). Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Sirajuddaula. Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Fiske, John. The Famine of 1770 in Bengal. The Unseen World, and other essays. University of Adelaide Library Electronic Texts Collection. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ (Baxter 1997, pp. 30–32)
^ (Baxter 1997, pp. 39–40)
^ Sen, Amartya (1973). Poverty and Famines. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-828463-2.
^ Harun-or-Rashid. Partition of Bengal, 1947. Banglapedia. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ (Bennett & Hindle 1996, pp. 63–70)
^ ^a ^b Biswas, Soutik. "Calcutta's colourless campaign", BBC, 2006-04-16. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ Ghosh Roy, Paramasish (2005-07-22). Maoist on Rise in West Bengal. VOA Bangla. Voice of America. Retrieved on 2006-09-11.
^ Maoist Communist Centre (MCC). Left-wing Extremist group. South Asia Terrorism Portal. Retrieved on 2006-09-11.
^ "Several hurt in Singur clash", rediff News, Rediff.com India Limited, January 28, 2007. Retrieved on 2007-03-15.
^ "Red-hand Buddha: 14 killed in Nandigram re-entry bid", The Telegraph, 15 March 2007. Retrieved on 2007-03-15.
^ Statistical Facts about India. www.indianmirror.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ National Himalayan Sandakphu-Gurdum Trekking Expedition: 2006. Youth Hostels Association of India: West Bengal State Branch. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Alarming rise in bacterial percentage in Ganga waters. The Hindu Business Line (4 August, 2006). Retrieved on 2006-10-29.
^ Groundwater Arsenic Contamination Status in West Bengal. Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal - India (17 Years Study). School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University. Retrieved on 2006-10-29.
^ ^a ^b Climate. West Bengal: Land. Suni System (P) Ltd. Retrieved on 2006-09-05.
^ kal Baisakhi. Glossary of Meteorology. American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 2006-09-05.
^ West Bengal Legislative Assembly. Legislative Bodies in India. National Informatics Centre. Retrieved on 2006-10-28.
^ Election Database. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2006-08-18. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ West Bengal. India Together. Civil Society Information Exchange Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ India: metropolitan areas. World Gazetteer. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ India: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population. World Gazetteer. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Gross State Domestic Product at Current Prices (93–94 Bae. National Accounts Division: Press release & Statements. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ ^a ^b Economy. West Bengal. Suni System (P) Ltd. Retrieved on 2006-09-07.
^ ^a ^b ^c The State Economy (PDF). Indian States Economy and Business: West Bengal 9. India Brand Equity Foundation, Confederation of Indian Industry. Retrieved on 2006-09-07.
^ Basic Information. About West Bengal. West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation. Archived from the original on 2006-11-28. Retrieved on 2006-09-07.
^ Consul General Henry V. Jardine to The Indo-American Chamber of Commerce, October 19, 2005. Retrieved on 2006-04-11.
^ Ray Choudhury, R (27th October, 2006). A new dawn beckons West Bengal. The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved on 2006-10-29.
^ West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (PDF). India @ Hannover Messe 2006 303. Engineering Export Promotion Council (EEPC), India. Retrieved on 2006-09-07.
^ >STATEMENT : GROSS STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES. Directorate of Economics & Statistics of respective State Governments, and for All-India. Retrieved on 2007-09-02.
^ West Bengal: Infrastructure. Public Private Partnerships in India. Dept of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Retrieved on 2006-10-27.
^ List of State-wise National Hoghways in the Country. National Highways. Department of Road Transport and Highways; Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways; Government of India. Archived from the original on [[January 20, 2007]]. Retrieved on 2006-10-27.
^ Chattopadhyay, Suhrid Sankar (January–February 2006). "Remarkable Growth". Frontline 23 (02). Chennai, India: The Hindu. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ West Bengal. Indian States-A Profile. Indian Investment Centre, Government of India. Retrieved on 2006-09-01.
^ Geography : Railway Zones. IRFCA.org. Indian Railways Fan Club. Retrieved on 2007-08-31.
^ About Kolkata Metro. Kolkata Metro. Retrieved on 2007-09-01.
^ Mountain Railways of India. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved on 2006-04-30.
^ Salient Physical Features. Kolkata Port Trust. Kolkata Port Trust, India. Retrieved on 2007-06-09.
^ Intra-city train travel. reaching India. Times Internet Limited. Retrieved on 2007-08-31.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Provisional Population Totals: West Bengal. Census of India, 2001. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 2007-08-07. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ West Bengal. Infobengal.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-13.
^ Data on Religion. Census of India (2001). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 2007-08-12. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ Press Release - Provisional Population Results - Census of India 2001. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India (26). Archived from the original on 2007-08-08. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ Population of West Bengal (80,221,171) is 7.81% of India's population (1,027,015,247)
^ An Indian life: Life expectancy in our nation. India Together. Civil Society Information Exchange Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ National Crime Records Bureau (2004). "Crimes in Mega Cities", Crime in India-2004 (PDF Format), Ministry of Home Affairs, p.158. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c Human Security (PDF). West Bengal Human Development Report 2004 pp167–172. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal (May 2004). Archived from the original on 2006-11-08. Retrieved on 2006-08-26.
^ National Crime Records Bureau (2004). "General Crime Statistics Snapshots 2004", Crime in India-2004 (PDF Format), Ministry of Home Affairs, p.1. Retrieved on 2006-04-26.
^ The Bauls of Bengal. Folk Music. BengalOnline. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Chau: The Rare Mask Dances. Dances of India. Boloji.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-22.
^ Gertjan de Graaf, Abdul Latif. Development of freshwater fish farming and poverty alleviation: A case study from Bangladesh. Aqua KE Government. Retrieved on 2006-10-22.
^ Saha, S. "Resurrected, the kathi roll - Face-off resolved, Nizam's set to open with food court", The Telegraph, January 18, 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Mobile food stalls. Bangalinet.com. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Durga Puja. Festivals of Bengal. West Bengal Tourism, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved on 2006-10-28.
^ UGC recognised Universities in West Bengal with NAAC accreditation status. Education Observer. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ West Bengal University of Health Sciences. West Bengal University of Health Sciences. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ List of Affiliated Colleges. University of Calcutta. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ Mitra, P. "Waning interest", Careergraph, The Telegraph, August 31, 2005. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Visva-Bharati: Facts and Figures at a Glance. Visva-Bharati Computer Centre. Retrieved on 2007-03-31.
^ ^a ^b ^c General Review. Registrar of Newspapers for India. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.

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Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Voice of America logo Voice of America (VOA), is the official external radio and television broadcasting service of the United States federal government. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 254th day of the year (255th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 254th day of the year (255th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article deals with The Daily Telegraph in Britain, see The Daily Telegraph (Australia) for the Australian publication The Daily Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper founded in 1855. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 88th day of the year (89th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF) is an Indian organisation that collects, collates and disseminates accurate, comprehensive and current information on India. ... The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) is a non-government, not-for-profit, industry led and industry managed organisation, playing a proactive role in Indiaâ€™s development process. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 332nd day of the year (333rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Kolkata Metro Train The Kolkata Metro or Calcutta Metro is the underground rail network in Kolkata (Calcutta), India. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 160th day of the year (161st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 219th day of the year (220th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 220th day of the year (221st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... PDF is an abbreviation with several meanings: Portable Document Format Post-doctoral fellowship Probability density function There also is an electronic design automation company named PDF Solutions. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... PDF is an abbreviation with several meanings: Portable Document Format Post-doctoral fellowship Probability density function There also is an electronic design automation company named PDF Solutions. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article deals with The Daily Telegraph in Britain, see The Daily Telegraph (Australia) for the Australian publication The Daily Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper founded in 1855. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 88th day of the year (89th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 88th day of the year (89th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

History

Geography and climate

Government and politics

Subdivisions

Economy

Transport

Demographics

Culture

Education

Media

See also

Notes

References

External links

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Geography and climate

Government and politics

Subdivisions

Economy

Transport

Demographics

Culture

Education

Media

See also

Notes

References

External links

History