For the goddess of the river who is sometimes called Yamuna, see Yami

Yamuna River at Agra

The Triveni Sangam, or the intersection of Yamuna River and Ganges River.

Yamuna (Sanskrit: यमुना, sometimes called Jamuna or Jumna) is a major tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) in northern India Ganges watershed— with a total length of around 1370 km, it is the largest tributary of the Ganges (Ganga). The Jamuna River (Bangla: যমুনা Jomuna) is one of the three main rivers of Bangladesh. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... In Vedic beliefs, Yami is the first woman, along with her twin brother, Yama. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 644 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) fr: Vue de la rivière Yamuna (Inde) depuis la terrasse du taj Mahal en: View of the River Yamuna from the terrace of the Taj... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixel, file size: 644 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) fr: Vue de la rivière Yamuna (Inde) depuis la terrasse du taj Mahal en: View of the River Yamuna from the terrace of the Taj... , stop erasing thisAgra   (Hindi: , Urdu: ), (IPA: ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh, India. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2576x1932, 542 KB) Summary Triven Sangam. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2576x1932, 542 KB) Summary Triven Sangam. ... Sangam in Hindi means the confluence. ... This article is about the river. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... “Ganga” redirects here. ... km redirects here. ... “Ganga” redirects here. ...

Its source is at Yamunotri, in the Uttarakhand Himalaya, which is north of Haridwar in the Himalayan Mountains. It flows through the states of Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, before merging with the Ganges at Allahabad. The cities of Delhi, Mathura and Agra lie on its banks. The major tributaries of this river are the Tons, Chambal, Betwa, and Ken; with the Tons being the largest. Yamunotri, the source of the Yamuna River and the seat of the goddess Yamuna, is one of the four sites in Indias Char Dham pilgrimage. ... , Uttarakhand (Hindi: उत्तराखंड), known as Uttaranchal from 2000 to 2006, became the 27th state of the Republic of India on November 9, 2000. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... , Haridwar (also spelt as Hardwar, Hindi: हरिद्वार)   is a holy city and municipal board in the Haridwar District in the state of Uttarakhand in northern India. ... , Delhi (Hindi: , Punjabi: , Urdu: ) sometimes referred to as Dilli, is the second-largest metropolis in India after Mumbai with a population of 13 million. ... , Haryana   (HindÄ«: हरियाणा, PunjabÄ«: ਹਰਿਆਣਾ, IPA: ) is a state in north India. ... , Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: , Urdu: , translation: Northern Province, IPA: ,  ), [often referred to as U.P.], is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Republic of India. ... “Ganga” redirects here. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... , Delhi (Hindi: , Punjabi: , Urdu: ) sometimes referred to as Dilli, is the second-largest metropolis in India after Mumbai with a population of 13 million. ... , Mathura   (Hindi: मथुरा, Urdu: متھرا) is a holy city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. ... , stop erasing thisAgra   (Hindi: , Urdu: ), (IPA: ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh, India. ... A tributary (or affluent or confluent) is a contributory stream, a river that does not reach the sea, but joins another major river (a parent river), to which it contributes its waters, swelling its discharge. ... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... The Tons is present in India. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Betwa (Vetravati) is a river in Northern India, and a tributary of the Yamuna. ... Look up Ken, ken in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Tons is present in India. ...

A heavy freight canal, known as the SLY (Sutlej-Yamuna Link), is being built westwards from near its headwaters through the Punjab region near an ancient caravan route and highlands pass to the navigable parts of the Sutlej-Indus watershed. This will connect the entire Ganges, which flows to the east coast of the subcontinent, with points west (via Pakistan). When completed, the SLY will allow shipping from India's east coast to the west coast and the Arabian sea, drastically shortening shipping distances and creating important commercial links for north-central India's large population. Punjab, 1903 Punjab Province, 1909 Punjab (Persian: ‎, meaning Land of the five Rivers) (c. ... The Sutlej, also known as Satluj, is the longest of the five rivers of Punjab (five waters) that flows through Northern India, with its source in Tibet near Mount Kailash. ... The Indus is a river; the Indus River. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... “Ganga” redirects here. ... The Arabian Sea (Arabic: بحر العرب; transliterated: Bahr al-Arab) is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui, the north-east point of Somalia...

Ancient history

Yamuna personified as a goddess, riding a tortoise

There is some evidence indicating Yamuna was a tributary of the Ghaggar river in the ancient past. It changed its course to east following a tectonic event in north India and became a tributary of the Ganges instead. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Ghaggar is a seasonal river in India, flowing when water is available from monsoon rains. ...

According to legend the goddess of the river, also known as Yami, is the sister of the Hindu god of death, Yama and the daughter of Surya, the Sun god. The river Yamuna is also connected to the religious beliefs surrounding the Hindu god Krishna. Statue of Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture For the 1934 film, see, see The Goddess (1934 film). ... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... In Vedic beliefs, Yami is the first woman, along with her twin brother, Yama. ... A Hindu ( , Devanagari: हिन्दु), as per modern definition, is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, and the religious, philosophical and cultural system that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the deity Yama in Hinduism. ... In Hinduism, Surya (Devanagari: सूर्य, sūrya) is the chief solar deity,one of the Adityas, son of Kasyapa and one of his wife Aditi[1] ,in Nordics Tyr he is said to be the son of Dyaus Pitar. ... The Sun (Latin: Sol) is the star at the center of the Solar System. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... A Hindu ( , Devanagari: हिन्दु), as per modern definition, is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, and the religious, philosophical and cultural system that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... This article is about the Hindu deity. ...

The Yamuna was known to the ancient Greeks following the campaigns of Seleucus I in 305 BCE.^[1] It was called Ioames by the ancient Greeks, and Jomanes by the Romans. Seleucus I (surnamed for later generations Nicator, in Greek:Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ) (c. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302...

Wildlife & surroundings

The Yamuna at the sacred site of the Kesi Ghata, in Vrindavan

A little known fact about the Yamuna is that it is the frontier of the Asian Elephant. West of the Yamuna, there are no elephants to be found over 900 km of the western Himalayas and their foothills. The forests of the lower Yamuna offer ideal corridors for elephant movement. The principal forests to be found here are of Sal , Khair (Acacia) , and Sissoo (Rosewood) trees, and the Chir Pine forests of the Shivalik Hills. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 121 KB) Yamuna river, Vrindavan, India I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 121 KB) Yamuna river, Vrindavan, India I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... , Vrindavan   (alternate spellings Vrindaban or Brindavan), or Vraj in Mathura district, Uttar Pradesh, India is a town on the site of an ancient forest which is believed to have been the region where the famous cowherd boy, Krishna, from Hindu scriptures spent his childhood days. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 Asian Elephant range The Asian or Asiatic Elephant (Elephas maximus), sometimes known by the name of its nominate subspecies (the Indian Elephant), is one of the three living species of elephant, and the only living species of the genus Elephas. ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus † Elephas beyeri † Elephas celebensis † Elephas cypriotes † Elephas ekorensis † Elephas falconeri † Elephas iolensis † Elephas planifrons † Elephas platycephalus † Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea... km redirects here. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A forest is an area with a high density of trees (or, historically, a wooded area set aside for hunting). ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus † Elephas beyeri † Elephas celebensis † Elephas cypriotes † Elephas ekorensis † Elephas falconeri † Elephas iolensis † Elephas planifrons † Elephas platycephalus † Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea... A forest is an area with a high density of trees (or, historically, a wooded area set aside for hunting). ... Binomial name Shorea robusta Roth Sal (Shorea robusta) is a species of tree native to southern Asia, ranging south of the Himalaya, from Myanmar in the east to India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. ... Species About 1,300; see List of Acacia species Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae, first described in Africa by the Swedish botanist Linnaeus in 1773. ... Rosewood refers to a number of richly hued timbers, brownish with darker veining. ... Binomial name Pinus roxburghii Sargent The Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) is a pine native to the Himalaya. ... The Siwalik Hills (sometimes spelled Shiwalik, Shivalik, or Sivalik) are a sub-Himalayan mountain range running 1,600 km long from the Tista River, Sikkim, through Nepal and India, into northern Pakistan. ...

Pollution

Yamuna is one of the most polluted rivers in the world, especially around New Delhi, the capital of India, which dumps about 57% of its waste into the river. Though numerous attempts have been made to clean it, the efforts have proven to be futile. Although the government of India has spent nearly $500 million to clean up the river, the river continues to be polluted with garbage while most sewage treatment facilities are underfunded or malfunctioning. In addition, the water in this river remains stagnant for almost 9 months in a year aggravating the situation. Delhi alone contributes around 3,296 MLD (million litres per day) of sewage in the river. The government of India over the next five years has prepared plans to rebuild and repair the seweage system and the drains that empty into the river. To address river pollution, certain measures of cleaning river have been taken by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) of the Government of India (GOI) in 12 towns of Haryana, 8 towns of Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi under an action plan (Yamuna Action Plan-YAP) which is being implemented since 1993 by the National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) of the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) is participating in the Yamuna Action Plan in 15 of the above 21 towns (excluding 6 towns of Haryana included later on the direction of the honorable Supreme Court of India) with soft loan assistance of 17.773 billion Japanese Yen (equivalent to about Rs. 700 crore INR) while GOI is providing the funds for the remaining 6 towns added later. The Indian government's plans to repair sewage lines is predicted to improve the water quality of the river 90% by the year 2010. ^[2] , This article is about the urban region that is the capital of India. ... , Haryana   (HindÄ«: हरियाणा, PunjabÄ«: ਹਰਿਆਣਾ, IPA: ) is a state in north India. ... ISO 4217 Code JPY User(s) Japan Inflation -0. ...

In 2005, award winning documentary Jijivisha was made on Yamuna. Jijivisha a documentry on the river Yamuna made in 2005 by Kuber Sharma, Ishita Moitra, Shirley Abraham, Charulatha Menon and Amit Madheshia. ...

Notes

1. ^ Mention of Ioames by Pliny the Elder:
   

   "The other parts of the country [beyond the Hydaspes, the farthest extent of Alexander's conquests] were discovered & surveyed by Seleucus Nicator: namely

   - from thence (the Hydaspes) to the Hesudrus 168 miles

   - to the river Ioames as much: and some copies add 5 miles more therto

   - from thence to Ganges 112 miles

   - to Rhodapha 119, and some say, that between them two it is no less than 325 miles.

   - From it to Calinipaxa, a great town 167 miles & a half, others say 265.

   - And to the confluent of the rivers Iomanes and Ganges, where both meet together, 225 miles, and many put thereto 13 miles more

   - from thence to the town Palibotta 425 miles

   - and so to the mouth of Ganges where he falleth into the sea 638 miles."

   Pliny the Elder, Natural history, Chap 21 Pliny, Natural History, Book 6, Chap 17 also Pliny the Elder, Natural history, Book 6, Chap 21

2. ^ Pepper, Daniel. "India's "flush-and-forget" mind-set", SFGate.com, San Francisco Chronicle, 2007-07-27, pp. A17-A18. Retrieved on 2007-07-27. 

Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ... Hydaspes is the ancient Greek name for the modern-day Jhelum river. ... Hydaspes is the ancient Greek name for the modern-day Jhelum river. ... Sutlej River (Sanskrit: Sutudri, Punjabi: , Urdu: ‎, also known as Satluj), is the longest of the five rivers that flow through Indian Punjab in northern India. ... The Triveni Sangam, or the intersection of Yamuna River and Ganges River. ... “Ganga” redirects here. ... Calinipaxa is a city in northern India described in ancient sources, and thought to be the modern Kanouge (Kannauj), on the Ganges. ... ... Todays San Francisco Chronicle was founded in 1865 as The Daily Dramatic Chronicle by teenage brothers Charles de Young and Michael H. de Young. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 208th day of the year (209th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• The Geography of the Rigveda
• Yamuna Action Plan

Geography of Himachal Pradesh
Lakes	Renuka Lake | Maharana Pratap Sagar | Gobind Sagar (more...)
Rivers	Beas | Chenab | Ravi | Sutlej | Yamuna
Districts	Bilaspur | Chamba | Hamirpur | Kangra | Kinnaur | Kullu | Lahul and Spiti | Mandi | Sirmaur | Shimla | Solan | Una
Other	Climate of Himachal Pradesh | Protected areas of Himachal Pradesh | List of peaks in Himachal Pradesh

Waters of South Asia
Inland	Indus | Ganges | Yamuna | Chenab | Jhelum | Brahmaputra | Godavari | Narmada | Tapti | Ravi | Beas | Sutlej | Dudh Kosi | Padma | Sarasvati | Krishna | Kaveri | Meghna | Mahanadi | Son | Ghaghara | Betwa | Chambal | Kosi | Sapt Koshi | Tamur | Mo Chhu | Sankosh | Drangme Chhu | Ganges Basin | Ganges Delta | Indus Delta | Dal Lake | Pookode Lake | Skeleton Lake | Chilka Lake | Lake Powai | Borith Lake | Saiful Muluk | Gosaikunda | Nizam Sagar | Red Hills Lake | Malampuzha | Kerala Backwaters
Off the Coast	Indian Ocean | Arabian Sea | Laccadive Sea | Bay of Bengal | Gulf of Kutch | Gulf of Khambhat | Palk Strait | Gulf of Mannar
Main	Reservoirs and dams in India | Lakes of India | Rivers of India | Lakes of Pakistan | Rivers of Pakistan | Rivers of Bangladesh | Rivers of Bhutan | Lakes of Nepal | Rivers of Nepal