NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Yen

Yen is the currency used in Japan. It is also widely used as a reserve currency after the United States Dollar and Euro. In Japanese it is usually pronounced "en", but the pronunciation "yen" is standard in English. The ISO 4217 codes for the yen are JPY and 392. The Latinised symbol is ¥, while in Japanese it is written with the kanji 円. Jump to: navigation, search ImageMetadata File history File links JuEnDamaByodoinWP.jpg 10 Yen coin of Japan. ... Jump to: navigation, search ImageMetadata File history File links JuEnDamaByodoinWP.jpg 10 Yen coin of Japan. ... Built in 998 in the Heian period, ByÅdÅin (å¹³ç‰é™¢) is a temple in the city of Uji in Kyoto prefecture in Japan. ... A reserve currency, also called an anchor currency, is a currency which is held in significant quantities by other governments and institutions as part of their foreign exchange reserves. ... Jump to: navigation, search USD redirects here. ... Jump to: navigation, search The euro (â‚¬; ISO 4217 code EUR) is the currency of twelve European Union member states: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain, collectively known as the Eurozone. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... ISO 4217 is an international standard describing three letter codes to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Japanese writing Kanji æ¼¢å— Kana ä»®å Hiragana å¹³ä»®å Katakana ç‰‡ä»®å Uses Furigana æŒ¯ã‚Šä»®å Okurigana é€ã‚Šä»®å Romaji ãƒãƒ¼ãƒžå— Category Kanji ( æ¼¢å—[?], literally Han characters) are Chinese characters used in Japanese. ...

History

The yen was introduced by the Meiji government in 1872 as a system resembling those in Europe; yen replaced the overly complex monetary system of the Edo period. The New Currency Act of 1871 stipulated the adoption of the decimal accounting system of yen (1, 圓), sen (1/100, 錢), and rin (1/1000, 厘), with the coins being round and cast as in the West. (The sen and the rin were eventually taken out of circulation in 1954.) While not a unit of official currency, for large quantities of yen the abbreviaton man (which means "ten thousand") is used, in the same way as values in the United States are often quoted or rounded off to thousands (given the yen's smaller value, it is much more common). The yen was legally defined as 0.8667 troy ounces (26.956 g) of silver. The Act also moved Japan onto the Gold Standard. History of Japan Paleolithic Jomon Yayoi Yamato period ---Kofun period ---Asuka period Nara period Heian period Kamakura period Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period ---Nanban period Edo period Meiji period Taisho period Showa period ---Japanese expansionism ---Occupied Japan ---Post-Occupation Japan Heisei The Meiji period (Japanese: Meiji Jidai 明治時代 ) (1868–1912... World map showing Europe (geographically) When considered a continent, Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, with an area of 10,600,000 kmÂ² (4,140,625 square miles), making it larger than Australia only. ... The Edo period (æ±Ÿæˆ¸æ™‚ä»£, Edo-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1600 to 1867. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1871 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1954 was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Troy weight is a system of units of mass customarily used for precious metals and gemstones. ... 1922 U.S. gold certificate The gold standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed weight of gold and currency issuers guarantee, under specified rules, to redeem notes in that amount of gold. ...

The yen was pegged at 1 US dollar = ¥360 from April 25, 1949, to until 1971 when the Bretton Woods system collapsed and the value of the Yen began to float. As of August 2005, there are about ¥110 to the US dollar, about ¥135 to the Euro, and about ¥199 to the pound sterling. After the Plaza Accord of 1985, the yen appreciated against the dollar. Japan has become so used to the appreciation, it has coined the term endaka, or appreciation of the yen, and has employed the Bank of Japan to intervene to reduce its value, a tactic recently copied by much the rest of the Far East. Japanese 1000 yen bill with portrait of Natsume Soseki File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Japanese 1000 yen bill with portrait of Natsume Soseki File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Natsume Soseki on the former 1000 yen note. ... Jump to: navigation, search November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1971 is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar). ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search The euro (â‚¬; ISO 4217 code EUR) is the currency of twelve European Union member states: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain, collectively known as the Eurozone. ... Jump to: navigation, search The pound sterling is the official currency of the United Kingdom (UK). ... The Plaza Accord was an agreement signed on September 22, 1985 by the then G-5 nations (France, West Germany, Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Bank of Japan has its headquarters in this building in Tokyo. ...

The yen was originally written in the same way in Kanji as the yuan (圓 pinyin yuán), the Chinese unit for currency. Modern Japanese writings now use a character (円) which is different from the one commonly used (as shorthand) in Chinese (元). The Latinized symbol for the Yen however, is identical to the one for the Renminbi, although the PRC tends to use one crossbar instead of two. Yuan (Traditional: å…ƒ or åœ“; Simplified: å…ƒ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: yÃ¼an) is, in Chinese, the base unit of a currency, for example, US dollar is Mei yuan (ç¾Žå…ƒ). However, in international context, Yuan as an English word refers to the Renminbi (RMBÂ¥, CN$). The English pronunciation is /ju:Ã¦n/, although in Chinese the... Jump to: navigation, search Pinyin (Chinese: æ‹¼éŸ³, pÄ«nyÄ«n) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to HÃ nyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n (æ±‰è¯æ‹¼éŸ³, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to... Jump to: navigation, search 100 Renminbi Yuan issued in 1999 The renminbi (Simplified Chinese: äººæ°‘å¸; Traditional Chinese: äººæ°‘å¹£; pinyin: ; literally peoples currency) is the official currency in the mainland of the Peoples Republic of China. ... In the technical terminology of political science the PRC was a communist state for much of the 20th century, and is still considered a communist state by many, though not all political scientists. ...

The spelling and pronunciation with the letter y are based on romanization of an obsolete writing of the word. The same combination occurs in words such as Uyeda, Yebisu, Iyeyasu and Inouye. Like the spellings of names of people outside Japan, the romanization of yen has become a permanent feature. In linguistics, romanization or latinization is a system for representing a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, where the original word or language used a different writing system. ... Yebisu (恵比須, 恵比寿, 夷, 戎) is also called Ebisu, Hiruko (蛭子), and Kotoshiro-nushi-no-kami (事代主神). ...

Denominations

Coins

The 5-yen and 50-yen coins are holed. The date is on the reverse of all coins, and, in most cases, the name Nihonkoku (Japan) is also on the reverse, except for the 1- and 5-yen where it is on the obverse. The obverse of all coins contains the value in kanji. Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... Arabic numerals (also called Hindu numerals or Hindu-Arabic numerals) are by far the most common form of symbolism used to represent numbers. ... The gram or gramme, symbol g, is a unit of mass, and is defined as one one-thousandth of the SI base unit kilogram (i. ... The metre, or meter (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic brown Atomic mass 63. ... Jump to: navigation, search General Name, Symbol, Number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Atomic mass 65. ... Jump to: navigation, search General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Atomic mass 118. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d Appearance lustrous, metallic Atomic mass 58. ... Species - tricolor daisy - pyrethrum - pyrethum daisy - crown daisy - marguerite - daisy - florists chrysanthemum C. segetum - corndaisy Ref: ITIS 35791 See also Daisy (disambiguation) The chrysanthemum, also known as the mum, is a flowering perennial plant of the genus Chrysanthemum in the daisy family (Asteraceae). ... Washington, D.C. Tidal Basin showing cherry trees in flower Cherry tree blossoms A cherry is both a tree and its fleshy fruit, a type known as a drupe with a single hard pit enclosing the seed. ... Species Between 6-17 species, including: Paulownia catalpifolia Paulownia elongata Paulownia fargesii Paulownia fortunei Paulownia kawakamii Paulownia taiwaniana Paulownia tomentosa Paulownia is a genus of between 6-17 species (depending on taxonomic authority) of plants in the monogeneric family Paulowniaceae, related to and sometimes included in the Scrophulariaceae. ... Diversity Around 91 genera and 1,000 species Subtribes Arthrostylidiinae Arundinariinae Bambusinae Chusqueinae Guaduinae Melocanninae Nastinae Racemobambodinae Shibataeinae See the full Taxonomy of the Bambuseae. ... Satsuma Mandarin Orange The Mandarin orange is a small citrus tree (Citrus reticulata) with fruit resembling the orange. ...

The first 1-yen coin (excluding early silver coins) was introduced in 1955, the first 5-yen coin (excluding early gold coins) in 1948, and originally had no hole. The first 10-yen was introduced in 1951, the first 50-yen in 1955 (with no hole), the first 100-yen in 1957 (originally made out of silver). The 500-yen coin was introduced in 1982 [3]. Jump to: navigation, search 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1951 was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1982 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

500 yen coins are probably the highest valued coins to be used regularly in the world (US$4.77, €3.59, £2.49). The United States's largest-valued commonly-used coin (25¢) is worth 26 yen; the Eurozone's largest (€2) is worth ¥279, and the United Kingdom's largest (£2) is worth ¥402 (as of March 2005). The highest valued bill, the 10,000 yen bill, is worth just a little bit less than the U.S. $100 bill, the highest denomination of currently circulating U.S. currency. The Euro area (also called Euro zone or Eurosystem) is the subset of European Union member states which have adopted the Euro (â‚¬) currency, creating a currency union. ...

On various occasions, commemorative coins are minted using gold and silver with various face values, up to 100,000 yen [4]. Even though they can be used, they are treated as collectibles.

Banknotes

The first 1,000 yen bill was introduced January 7, 1950, the first 5,000 yen October 1, 1957, and the first 10,000 yen December 1, 1958. Natsume Soseki (夏目漱石 Natsume Sōseki, 1867 - 1916) was the pen-name of Natsume Kinnosuke (夏目金之助 Natsume Kinnosuke), who is widely considered to be the foremost Japanese novelist of the Meiji Era. ... Genera Grus Anthropoides Balearica Bugeranus Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. ... Jump to: navigation, search November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1984 is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Noguchi Hideyo (é‡Žå£ è‹±ä¸– November 9, 1876 - May 21, 1928) was a prominent Japanese bacteriologist who discovered the agent of syphilis disease in 1911. ... Mount Fuji (富士山 Fuji-san, IPA: [ɸuʝisaɴ]) is the highest mountain on the island of Honshu and indeed in all of Japan. ... Washington, D.C. Tidal Basin showing cherry trees in flower Cherry tree blossoms A cherry is both a tree and its fleshy fruit, a type known as a drupe with a single hard pit enclosing the seed. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Genji Monogatari (源氏物語), frequently translated as The Tale of Genji, is a classic work of Japanese literature attributed to the Japanese noblewoman Murasaki Shikibu in the early 11th century, around the peak of the Heian period. ... Murasaki Shikibu (紫式部 Murasaki Shikibu, c. ... Jump to: navigation, search July 19 is the 200th day (201st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 165 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the year 2000. ... Inazo Nitobe (1862-1933) Inazo Nitobe (新渡戸稲造; Nitobe Inazō, September 1, 1862 - October 15, 1933) was a Christian Japanese agriculturist, philosopher, educator and international political activist from Morioka, Iwate. ... Higuchi Ichiyō (樋口一葉 Higuchi Ichiyō, May 2, 1872 - November 23, 1896) is the pen name of the Japanese author Higuchi Natsu (樋口奈津 Higuchi Natsu). ... Jump to: navigation, search Species See text. ... Fukuzawa Yukichi, c. ... Genera Ithaginis Catreus Rheinartia Crossoptilon Lophura Argusianus Pucrasia Syrmaticus Chrysolophus Phasianus â€ See also partridge, quail Pheasants are a group of large birds in the order Galliformes. ... Jump to: navigation, search The phoenix from the Aberdeen Bestiary. ... Jump to: navigation, search Built in 998 in the Heian period, ByÅdÅin (å¹³ç‰é™¢) is a temple in the city of Uji in Kyoto prefecture in Japan. ... Jump to: navigation, search January 7 is the seventh day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1950 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in Leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The 5- and 10-yen banknotes were discontinued on April 1, 1955, the 1- and 50-yen banknotes on April 1, 1958, the 100-yen banknote on August 1, 1974, and the 500-yen banknote on April 1, 1994 [6] Jump to: navigation, search April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search August 1 is the 213th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (214th in leap years), with 152 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1974 is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ...

Exchange rates over time

The table below shows the number of yen per U.S. dollar. Jump to: navigation, search USD redirects here. ...

The table below shows the number of yen per Pound Sterling (rounded to the nearest yen). Jump to: navigation, search The pound sterling is the official currency of the United Kingdom (UK). ...

See also

Japanese Military Yen (JMY) was the currency issued to Japanese occupied territories during World War II. This article will focus on the JMY issued in Hong Kong (HK). ...

External links

Categories: Asian currencies | Economy of Japan | Japanese business terms | Numismatics Jump to: navigation, search World map showing Asia (geographically) Asia is the central and eastern part of Eurasia and worlds largest continent. ... For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ... The Afghani is the system of currency used in Afghanistan. ... Tenge is the monetary unit of Kazakhstan. ... Five Kyrgyzstani Som Note (1997) 100 Kyrgystani Som Notes (2002) The Kyrgyzstani Som (sometimes transliterated Sum or Soum) is the currency of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia. ... The Tugrug (Ñ‚Ó©Ð³Ñ€Ó©Ðº in Mongolian) (MNT, Tugrik) is the official currency of Mongolia. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1997 Russian Federation one rouble coin, obverse and reverse 1898 Russian Empire one rouble bill, obverse 1898 Russian Empire one rouble bill, reverse The ruble or rouble (Russian Ñ€ÑƒÐ±Ð»ÑŒ; see note on spelling below) is the name of the currencies of the Russian Federation and Belarus (and... Somoni is the currency of Tajikistan. ... The manat is the currency unit of Turkmenistan. ... The currency of the Republic of Uzbekistan in Central Asia. ... Jump to: navigation, search 100 Renminbi Yuan issued in 1999 The renminbi (Simplified Chinese: äººæ°‘å¸; Traditional Chinese: äººæ°‘å¹£; pinyin: ; literally peoples currency) is the official currency in the mainland of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Hong Kong Dollar is the official currency of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China. ... The Pataca is the monetary unit of Macau (currency code MOP). ... Won is the official currency used in both South Korea and North Korea. ... Won is the official currency used in both South Korea and North Korea. ... The New Taiwan Dollar (æ–°è‡ºå¹£ or æ–°å°å¹£; ISO 4217 code TWD; common abbreviation NT$), or simply Taiwan Dollar, is the currency of the Republic of China (Taiwan). ... The Brunei dollar (ISO 4217: BND) is pegged to the Singapore dollar at a 1:1 trade ratio. ... Riel (Khmer: ážšáŸ€áž›, Symbol áŸ›) is the national currency of Cambodia. ... Jump to: navigation, search The 1998-2001 series of rupiah banknotes Rupiah (Rp) is the monetary unit of Indonesia (currency code IDR). ... Kip is the currency of Laos. ... The Malaysian ringgit (unofficially known as the Malaysian dollar), is the official monetary unit of Malaysia. ... The kyat (ISO 4217 code MMK) is the official currency of Myanmar. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Philippine peso (Filipino: piso) is the official currency of the Philippines. ... 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Symbol: None 1/100th unit: luma USD exchange: 452 (July 2005) GBP exchange: 790 (July 2005) The Dram (AMD) is the monetary unit of Armenia. ... The manat is the currency unit of Azerbaijan. ... The Bahraini Dinar is the official currency of Bahrain. ... The Egyptian pound (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ù†ÙŠÙ‡ Ø§Ù„Ù…ØµØ±Ù‰ Al-Junieh Al-Misri) is the current legal currency of the Arab Republic of Egypt. ... Jump to: navigation, search The lari (Georgian: áƒšáƒáƒ áƒ˜ ; ISO 4217:GEL) is the national currency of the Republic of Georgia. ... Rial (ریال in Persian; ISO 4217 code IRR) is the official currency of Iran. ... The new Iraqi dinar (25,000 note) The Iraqi dinar (ISO 4217: IQD, pronounced: di-nÃ¤r) is the legal currency of Iraq. ... 1 sheqel coin (1994â€“5). ... The Jordanian dinar (ISO 4217 code JOD) is the Official Currency of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the first official one in the State of Palestine. ... The Kuwaiti Dinar (ISO 4217 code KWD) is Kuwaits official currency. ... The Lebanese Pound (ISO 4217: LBP) is the currency unit of Lebanon. ... The Omani rial (ISO 4217 code OMR) is the official currency of Oman. ... 500 riyal note front 500 riyal note back The Qatari riyal (currency code QAR) is the official currency of Qatar. ... Categories: Stub | Currencies ... The Syrian pound or Syrian Lira as it is called in Arabic, is the form of currency used in Syria. ... TRY banknotes and coins The new Turkish lira is the current currency of Turkey and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. ... The Dirham is the currency of the United Arab Emirates. ... The Yemeni rial is the currency of the Middle Eastern nation of Yemen. ... 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State nickname: The Aloha State Other U.S. States Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Senators Daniel Inouye (D) Daniel Akaka (D) Official languages Hawaiian and English Area 28,337 kmÂ² (43rd) - Land 16,649 kmÂ² - Water 11,672 kmÂ² (41. ... 200 Vatu Commemorative Note The Vatu (ISO 4217: VUV, sometimes Vt) is the official currency of Vanuatu. ...

Contents

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