République du Sénégal Republic of Senegal
Flag Coat of arms
Motto "Un Peuple, Un But, Une Foi"  (French) "One People, One Goal, One Faith"
Anthem Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons
Capital (and largest city)		Dakar 14°40′N, 17°25′W
Official languages		French
Recognised regional languages		Wolof (Wolof is the most widely spoken language 94%)
Demonym		Senegalese
Government		Semi-presidential republic
-	President	Abdoulaye Wade
-	Prime Minister	Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré
Independence
-	from France	June 20, 1960
Area
-	Total	196,723 km² (87th) 75,955 sq mi
-	Water (%)	2.1
Population
-	2005 estimate	11,658,000 (72nd)
-	Density	59 /km² (137th) 153 /sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2005 estimate
-	Total	$20.504 billion (109th)
-	Per capita	$1,759 (149th)
HDI (2004)		0.460 (low) (156th)
Currency		CFA franc (XOF)
Time zone		UTC
Internet TLD		.sn
Calling code		+221

Senegal (French: le Sénégal), officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Senegal is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south. The Republic of Gambia lies almost entirely within Senegal, surrounded on the north, east and south; from its western coast, Gambia's territory follows the Gambia River more than 300 kilometers (186 mi) inland. Dakar is the capital city of Senegal, located on the Cape Verde Peninsula, on the country's Atlantic coast. Image File history File links Flag_of_Senegal. ... Image File history File links Coat_of_arms_of_Senegal. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The origins of the flag of Senegal lie in the former Mali Federation, whose flag was identical, spare for a stylized black silhouette in the central section. ... The Coat of arms of Senegal dates from the 1960s and reads Un Peuple Un But Une Foi. It bears the Pan-African colors and the green star from the Flag of Senegal. ... For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogising the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognised either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... Pincez tous vos koras, frappez les balafons is the national anthem of Senegal, adopted in 1960. ... Image File history File links LocationSenegal. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... About 70% of Senegals population is rural. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... A regional language is a language spoken in a part of a country, be it may be a small area, a federal state or province, or a wider area. ... Wolof is a language spoken in Senegal, the Gambia, and Mauritania, and it is the native language of the ethnic group of the Wolof people. ... Wolof is a language spoken in Senegal, the Gambia, and Mauritania, and it is the native language of the ethnic group of the Wolof people. ... A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ... States with semi-presidential systems are shown in yellow The semi-presidential system is a system of government in which a prime minister and a president are both active participants in the day-to-day functioning of the administration of a country. ... This page contains a list of presidents of Senegal. ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ... The Prime Minister of Senegal is the head of government of Senegal. ... Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré (born 1951[1]) has been the Prime Minister of Senegal since June 2007. ... is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ... This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... Gross domestic product (by purchasing power parity) in 2006 The purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ... There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ... Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ... Map of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita for the year 2006. ... World map indicating Human Development Index (2006). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Coloured world map indicating Human Development Index (2006) (colour-blind compliant map) This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Programmes Human Development Report 2006, compiled on the basis of 2004 data. ... now. ... ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... “UTC” redirects here. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... .sn is the Internet country code top-level domain ( ccTLD) for Senegal. ... A telephone number is a sequence of decimal digits (0-9) that is used for identifying a destination telephone line in a telephone network. ... Satellite image of Sénégal River The Sénégal River is a 1790 km long river in West Africa, that forms the border between Senegal and Mauritania. ...  Western Africa (UN subregion)  Maghreb[1] West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of the African continent. ... Gambia River in the Niokolo-Koba National Park The Gambia River is a major river in Africa, running 1,130 km (700 miles) from the Fouta Djallon plateau in north Guinea westward to the Atlantic Ocean at the city of Banjul. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... The peninsula of Cap-Vert (Cape Verde, meaning green point) is the westernmost part of the continent of Africa. ... “Atlantic” redirects here. ...

History

Main article: History of Senegal

Archaeological findings throughout the area indicate that Senegal was inhabited in prehistoric times. Since then, Senegal has had a varied cultural history of kingdoms, brotherhoods and colonial struggles (between and against colonizing powers). Archaeological findings throughout the area indicate that Senegal was inhabited in prehistoric times. ...

Eastern Senegal was once part of the Empire of Ghana. It was founded by the Tukulor in the middle valley of the Senegal River. Islam, the dominant religion in Senegal, first came to the region in the 11th century. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the area came under the influence of the Mandingo empires to the east; the Jolof Empire of Senegal also was founded during this time. The Ghana Empire (existed c. ... The Toucouleurs (or Haalpulaaren) are an ethnicity of West Africa. ... The Senegal River, in West Africa, forms the border between Senegal and Mauritania. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... Mandingo may refer to: The Mandinka people of West Africa The Mandinka language Mandingo (novel), a bestselling novel originally published in 1957 Mandingo (film), a 1975 film based on the novel ManDingo (porn star), a male African American pornographic performer Category: ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jolof. ...

Various European powers - Portugal, the Netherlands, and Great Britain - competed for trade in the area from the 15th century onward, until in 1677, France ended up in possession of what had become an important slave trade departure point - the infamous island of Gorée next to modern Dakar. Millions of West African tribespeople were shipped from here. It was only in the 1850s that the French began to expand their foothold onto the Senegalese mainland, at the expense of native kingdoms such as Waalo, Cayor, Baol, and Jolof. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... 1677 (MDCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... ÃŽle de Gorée (i. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... The Kingdom of Waalo (Oualo) was a kingdom on the lower Senegal River in West Africa, in what are now Senegal and Mauritania. ... The Kingdom of Cayor was the largest and most powerful kingdom that split off from the Empire of Jolof (Diolof), in what is now Senegal, West Africa. ... The Kingdom of Baol in central Senegal was one of the kingdoms that arose from the split-up of the Empire of Jolof (Diolof) in about 1549. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jolof. ...

In January 1959, Senegal and the French Sudan merged to form the Mali Federation, which became fully independent on June 20, 1960, as a result of the independence and the transfer of power agreement signed with France on April 4, 1960. Due to internal political difficulties, the Federation broke up on August 20. Senegal and Sudan (renamed the Republic of Mali) proclaimed independence. Léopold Senghor was elected Senegal's first president in September 1960. French Sudan (Fr. ... The Mali Federation was a country in West Africa. ... is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Léopold Sédar Senghor (October 9, 1906–December 20, 2001) was an Seneglese poet and politician who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). ...

After the breakup of the Mali Federation, President Senghor and Prime Minister Mamadou Dia governed together under a parliamentary system. In December 1962, their political rivalry led to an attempted coup by Prime Minister Dia. Although this was put down without bloodshed, Dia was arrested and imprisoned, and Senegal adopted a new constitution that consolidated the president's power. In 1980, President Senghor decided to retire from politics, and he handed power over in 1981 to his handpicked successor, Abdou Diouf. Mamadou Dia (born 18 July 1910 in Kombolé) was the first prime minister of Senegal. ... Abdou Diouf (Wolof: ) (born September 7, 1935) was the second president of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000. ...

Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia on February 1, 1982. However, the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group in the Casamance region has clashed sporadically with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping.[1]  Senegal The Gambia The Sénégambia Confederation was a loose confederation between the West African countries of Senegal and its neighbor the Gambia, which is almost completely surrounded by Senegal. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... The flag of the Democratic Forces Movement of Casamance was adopted in 1988. ...

Abdou Diouf was president between 1981 and 2000. He encouraged broader political participation, reduced government involvement in the economy, and widened Senegal's diplomatic engagements, particularly with other developing nations. Domestic politics on occasion spilled over into street violence, border tensions, and a violent separatist movement in the southern region of the Casamance. Nevertheless, Senegal's commitment to democracy and human rights strengthened. Diouf served four terms as president. In the presidential election of 2000, opposition leader Abdoulaye Wade defeated Diouf in an election deemed free and fair by international observers. Senegal experienced its second peaceful transition of power, and its first from one political party to another. On December 30, 2004 President Abdoulaye Wade announced that he would sign a peace treaty with the separatist group in the Casamance region. This, however, has yet to be implemented. There was a round of talks in 2005, but the results did not yet yield a resolution. The flag of the Democratic Forces Movement of Casamance was adopted in 1988. ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ... is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ... The flag of the Democratic Forces Movement of Casamance was adopted in 1988. ...

Politics

Main article: Politics of Senegal

Abdoulaye Wade, current president of Senegal.

Senegal is a republic with a powerful presidency; the president is elected every seven years, amended in 2001 to every five years, by universal adult suffrage. The current president is Abdoulaye Wade, re-elected in March, 2007. Senegal is a secular republic with a strong presidency, weak legislature, reasonably independent judiciary, and multiple political parties. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 432 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (577 × 801 pixel, file size: 97 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 432 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (577 × 801 pixel, file size: 97 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ... Politics of Senegal Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Senegal ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ...

Senegal has 65 political parties. The unicameral National Assembly has 120 members elected separately from the president. An independent judiciary also exists in Senegal. The nation's highest courts that deal with business issues are the constitutional council and the court of justice, members of which are named by the president. “Political Parties” redirects here. ... The unicameral National Assembly of Senegal (French: Assemblée nationale du Sénégal) is the countrys legislative body. ...

Today Senegal has a democratic political culture, being one of the more successful post-colonial democratic transitions in Africa. Local administrators are appointed by, and responsible to, the president. The marabouts, religious leaders of the various Senegalese Muslim brotherhoods, also exercise a strong political influence in the country, most notably the leader of the Mouride brotherhood, Serigne Saliou Mbacke. This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... A marabout is a personal spiritual leader in the Islam faith as practiced in West Africa, and still to a limited extent in the Maghreb. ... This is a list of Muslim groups in Senegal (and also The Gambia). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Mouridia. ... Serigne Saliou Mbacké (born May 1915) is the current Grand Marabout of the Mouride movement in Senegal. ...

Geography

Map of Senegal

Main article: Geography of Senegal

Senegal is located on the west of the African continent. The Senegalese landscape consists mainly of the rolling sandy plains of the western Sahel which rise to foothills in the southeast. Here is also found Senegal's highest point, an otherwise unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha at 584 m. (1926 ft.) The northern border is formed by the Senegal River, other rivers include the Gambia and Casamance Rivers. The capital Dakar lies on the Cap-Vert peninsula, the westernmost point of continental Africa. Map of Senegal from the 2002 CIA Factbook File links The following pages link to this file: Senegal Geography of Senegal Categories: CIA World Factbook images ... Map of Senegal from the 2002 CIA Factbook File links The following pages link to this file: Senegal Geography of Senegal Categories: CIA World Factbook images ... Senegal is a coastal West African nation located 14 degrees north of the Equator and 14 degrees west of the Prime Meridian. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Senegal River, in West Africa, forms the border between Senegal and Mauritania. ... The Casamance River is a river that flows west between Gambia and Guinea-Bissau and into the Atlantic Ocean along a path about 200 miles (320 km) in length. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... The peninsula of Cap-Vert (Cape Verde, meaning green point) is the westernmost part of the continent of Africa. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

The local climate is tropical with well-defined dry and humid seasons that result from northeast winter winds and southwest summer winds. Dakar's annual rainfall of about 600mm (24 in) occurs between June and October when maximum temperatures average 27°C (80.6°F); December to February minimum temperatures are about 17°C (62.6°F). Interior temperatures are higher than along the coast, and rainfall increases substantially farther south, exceeding 1.5m (59.1 in) annually in some areas. Naples beach in Florida lined with coconut trees is an example of a tropical climate. ... In meteorology, precipitation is any kind of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather. ...

The Cape Verde islands lie some 560 kilometers (348 mi) off the Senegalese coast, but Cap Vert ("Cape Green") is a maritime placemark, set at the foot of "Les Mammelles" , a 105m cliff resting at one end of the Cap Vert peninsula onto which is settled Senegal's capital Dakar, and 1km south of the "Pointe des Almadies", the western-most point in Africa. For other uses, see Coast (disambiguation). ... The peninsula of Cap-Vert (Cape Verde, meaning Cape Green) is the westernmost part of the continent of Africa. ... The peninsula of Cap-Vert (Cape Verde, meaning Cape Green) is the westernmost part of the continent of Africa. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Economy

Street vendors.

Main article: Economy of Senegal

In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50 percent devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the former French franc and now to the euro. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5 % annually during 1995-2001. Annual inflation had been pushed down to less than 1%, but rose to an estimated 3.3% in 2001. Investment rose steadily from 13.8% of GDP in 1993 to 16.5% in 1997. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require rewriting and/or reformatting. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... The countries using the CFA franc The CFA franc (in French: franc CFA, or just franc in everyday conversation if no ambiguity is possible) is a currency used in 12 formerly French-ruled African countries, as well as in Guinea-Bissau (former Portuguese colony) and in Equatorial Guinea (former Spanish... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

The main industries include food processing, mining, cement, artificial fertilizer, chemicals, textiles, refining imported petroleum, and tourism. Exports include fish, chemicals, cotton, fabrics, groundnuts, and calcium phosphate, and the principal foreign market is India at 26.7% of exports (as of 1998). Other foreign markets include the USA, Italy, and the UK. Food processing is the set of methods and techniques used to transform raw ingredients into food for consumption by humans or animals. ... Chuquicamata, the second largest open pit copper mine in the world, Chile. ... In the most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. ... Fertilizers are chemicals given to plants with the intention of promoting growth; they are usually applied either via the soil or by foliar spraying. ... This article is about the type of fabric. ... Refining is the process of purification of a substance, usually used of a natural resource that is almost in a usable form, but which is more useful in its pure form. ... Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... “Tourist” redirects here. ... This article is about peanut, the food. ... Calcium phosphate is the name given to a family of minerals containing calcium ions (Ca2+) together with orthophosphates (PO43-), metaphosphates or pyrophosphates (P2O74-) and occasionally hydrogen or hydroxide ions. ...

Shops near the road in Dakar.

As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal also realized full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a mini-boom in information technology-based services. Private activity now accounts for 82% of GDP. On the negative side, Senegal faces deep-seated urban problems of chronic unemployment, socioeconomic disparity, juvenile delinquency, and drug addiction. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2816x2112, 1792 KB) Road Shops near Dakar, Senegal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2816x2112, 1792 KB) Road Shops near Dakar, Senegal. ... States of UEMOA The West African Economic and Monetary Union (or UEMOA from its name in French, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) is an organization of states of West Africa established to promote economic integration among countries that share a common currency, the CFA franc. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Information and communication technology spending in 2005 Information technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Income disparity is an inequality in pay or salary for equal labor. ... Juvenile delinquency refers to criminal acts performed by juveniles. ... Drug addiction, or dependency is the compulsive use of drugs, to the point where the user has no effective choice but to continue use. ...

Demographics

Senegal's population, 1962-2004

Main article: Demographics of Senegal

Senegal has a population of over 11 million, about 70 percent of whom live in rural areas. Density in these areas varies from about 77km² in the west-central region to 2 km² in the arid eastern section. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (911x623, 11 KB) Y-axis : Number of inhabitants in thousands. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (911x623, 11 KB) Y-axis : Number of inhabitants in thousands. ... About 70% of Senegals population is rural. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ...

Ethnicity

Senegal has a wide variety of ethnic groups and, as in most West African countries, several languages are widely spoken. The Wolof are the largest single ethnic group in Senegal at 43%; the Peul and Toucouleur (also known as Halpulaar, Fulbe or Fula) (24%) are the second biggest group, followed by others that include the Serer (15%), Lebou (10%), Jola (4%), Mandinka (3%), Maures or Naarkajors, Soninke, Bassari and many smaller communities (9%). (See also the Bedick ethnic group.) About 50,000 Europeans (1%) (mostly French) as well as smaller numbers of Mauritanians and Lebanese reside in Senegal, mainly in the cities. Also located primarily in urban settings are the minority Vietnamese communities. From the time of earliest contact between Europeans and Africans along the coast of Senegal, particularly after the establishment of coastal trading posts during the fifteenth century, communities of mixed African and European (mostly French and Portuguese) origin have thrived. Cape Verdeans living in urban areas and in the Casamance region represent another recognized community of mixed African and European background. French is the official language, used regularly by a minority of Senegalese educated in a system styled upon the colonial-era schools of French origin (Koranic schools are even more popular, but Arabic is not widely spoken outside of this context of recitation). Most people also speak their own ethnic language while, especially in Dakar, Wolof is the lingua franca. Pulaar is spoken by the Peuls and Toucouleur. Portuguese Creole is a prominent minority language in Ziguinchor, regional capital of the Casamance, where some residents speak Kriol, primarily spoken in Guinea-Bissau. Cape Verdeans speak their native creole, Cape Verdean Creole, and standard Portuguese. The Wolof are an ethnic group found in Senegal, The Gambia, and Mauritania. ... Categories: Africa-related stubs | Burkina Faso | Cameroon | Ethnic groups of Africa | Fulani Empire | Mali | Nigeria ... The Toucouleurs (or Haalpulaaren) are an ethnicity of West Africa. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Lebou (Lébou) are an ethnic group of Senegal, West Africa, living on the peninsula of Cap-Vert. ... The Jola (Diola, in French transliteration) are an ethnic group found in Senegal, Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. ... The Mandinka (also known as Mandingo) are a Mande people of West Africa, all descend physically or culturally from the ancient Mali Empire. ... Pencil and charcoal Drawing of Moor The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of al-Andalus (the Iberian Peninsula including present day Spain and Portugal) and the Maghreb and western Africa, whose culture is often called Moorish. ... Also called Sarakole, Seraculeh, or Serahuli, the Soninke are a Mandé people who descend from the Bafour, and are closely related to the Imraguen of Mauritania. ... The Bassari people are an African people living in Senegal, Gambia, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The flag of the Democratic Forces Movement of Casamance was adopted in 1988. ... Wolof may refer to: the ethnic group of the Wolof people; the Wolof language; things originating from the culture or tradition of the Wolof people. ... Portuguese creoles are creole languages which have been significantly influenced by Portuguese. ... Ziguinchor (from Portuguese Cheguei e choram, I came and they Cry) is the capital of the Casamance region of Senegal, lying on the Casamance River. ... The flag of the Democratic Forces Movement of Casamance was adopted in 1988. ... Kriol is an Australian creole which developed out of the contact between European settlers and Indigenous people in the northern regions of Australia. ... Cape Verdean Creole is a language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. ...

See also: Languages of Senegal

Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Religion

Islam is the predominant religion, practiced by approximately 95 percent of the country's population; the Christian community, at 4 percent of the population, includes Roman Catholics and diverse Protestant denominations. There is also a tiny minority (1%) who practice animism, particularly in the southeastern region of the country. For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... “Catholic Church” redirects here. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... The term Animism is derived from the Latin anima, meaning soul.[1][2] In its most general sense, animism is simply the belief in souls. ...

Islam

Mosquée de la Divinité, Ouakam, Senegal.

Main article: Islam in Senegal

Islamic communities are generally organized around one of several Islamic Sufi orders or brotherhoods, headed by a khalif (xaliifa in Wolof, from Arabic khalīfa), who is usually a direct descendant of the group’s founder. The two largest and most prominent Sufi orders in Senegal are the Tijaniyya, whose largest sub-groups are based in the cities of Tivaouane and Kaolack, and the Murīdiyya (Murid), based in the city of Touba. The Halpulaar, a widespread ethnic group found along the Sahel from Chad to Senegal, representing 20 percent of the Senegalese population, were the first to be converted to Islam. The Halpulaar, composed of various Fula people groups, named Peuls and Toucouleurs in Senegal. Many of the Toucouleurs, or sedentary Halpulaar of the Senegal River Valley in the north, converted to Islam around a millennium ago and later contributed to Islam's propagation throughout Senegal. Most communities south of the Senegal River Valley, however, were not thoroughly Islamized until the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. During the mid-nineteenth century, Islam became a banner of resistance against the traditional aristocracies and French colonialism, and Tijānī leaders Al-Hajj Umar Tall and Màbba Jaxu Ba established short-lived but influential Islamic states but were both killed in battle and their empires than annexed by the French. ImageMetadata File history File links Senegal_Grande_Mosquee_de_Ouakam_800x600. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Senegal_Grande_Mosquee_de_Ouakam_800x600. ... Islam is the predominant religion in Senegal. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... Anglicized/Latinized version of the Arabic word خليفة or Khalifah, Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... Wolof is a language spoken in Senegal, the Gambia, and Mauritania, and it is the native language of the ethnic group of the Wolof people. ... “Arabic” redirects here. ... Tijani order (sufi tarika) was founded in Fez in the 1780s by Ahmad al-Tidjani (d. ... Tivaouane is a city located in the Thiès Region of Senegal. ... The Mosque in Medina Baay, Kaolack. ... A Murid (Arabic: مريد meaning committed one. ... Touba is a town in central Senegal. ... The Fulbhe (singular Pullo) or Fulani is an ethnic group of people spread over many countries in West Africa,Central Africa and as far as East Africa. ... The Toucouleurs (or Haalpulaaren) are an ethnicity of West Africa. ... El Hadj Umar Tall (1797 - 1864) was a conqueror and Toucouleur king who founded a brief empire encompassing much of what is now Guinea, Senegal, and Mali. ... Maba Diakhou Bâ (also Ma Ba Diakhu, Ma Ba Diakho Ba, Ma Ba Jaaxu) (1809 - July 1867), born at Tavacaltou. ...

The spread of formal Quranic school (called daara in Wolof) during the colonial period increased largely through the effort of the Tijaniyya. In Murid communities, which place more emphasis on the work ethic than on literary Quranic studies, the term daara often applies to work groups devoted to working for a religious leader. Other Islamic groups include the much older Qādiriyya order and the Senegalese Laayeen order, which is prominent among the coastal Lebu. Today, most Senegalese children study at daaras for several years, memorizing as much of the Qur'an as they can. Some of them continue their religious studies at informal Arabic schools (majlis) or at the growing number of private Arabic schools and publicly funded Franco-Arabic schools. Qadiriyyah (Arabic: القادريه ) (also transliterated Qadiri), is one of the oldest Sufi tariqas, derives its name from Abdul Qadir Jilani (also transliterated other ways) (1077-1166), a native of the Iranian province of Gilan. ... The Layene are a politically autonomous religious community of the Lebou people, who live in fishing communities on the Cap-Vert peninsula, north of Dakar, Senegal. ...

Christianity

Small Roman Catholic communities are mainly found in coastal Serer, Jola, Mankanya and Balant populations, and in eastern Senegal among the Bassari and Coniagui. In Dakar, Catholic and Protestant rites are also practiced by a portion of the Lebanese, Capeverdian, European, and American immigrant population, and among certain Africans of other countries. Although Islam is Senegal's majority religion, Senegal's first president, Léopold Sédar Senghor, was a Catholic Serer. This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Jola (Diola, in French transliteration) are an ethnic group found in Senegal, Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. ... An ethnic_group in Guinea-Bissau, Senegal and Gambia. ... The Bassari people are an African people living in Senegal, Gambia, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... Léopold Sédar Senghor (October 9, 1906 – December 20, 2001) was a Senegalese poet and politician who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). ...

Other religions

Animism is the main other religion practiced. There are also small numbers of adherents of Judaism and Buddhism. Judaism is followed by members of several ethnic groups, while Buddhism is followed by a number of Vietnamese. The term Animism is derived from the Latin anima, meaning soul.[1][2] In its most general sense, animism is simply the belief in souls. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ...

Administrative divisions

Main articles: Regions of Senegal, Departments of Senegal, and Arrondissements of Senegal

Regions of Senegal

Senegal is divided into 11 regions (régions) and subdivided into 34 departments (départements), 94 arrondissements and multiple communes. The regions are: Senegal is subdivided into 11 regions (régions, singular - région) (regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions): Dakar Diourbel Fatick Kaolack Kolda Louga Matam Saint-Louis Tambacounda Thiès Ziguinchor See also Departments of Senegal External links List of administrative divisons in Senegal Map of main... The 11 regions of Senegal are each divided into departments of which there are 34 in total. ... Arrondissements of Senegal The departments of Senegal are subdivided into arrondissements. ... Image File history File links Senegal_Regions. ... Image File history File links Senegal_Regions. ... Look up Region in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A department is a part of a larger organization with a specific responsibility. ... An arrondissement is an administrative division in some French or Dutch-speaking countries: // Main article: Municipal arrondissement in France Main article: Arrondissements of Paris Paris, capital city of France, is divided into 20 arrondissements. ...

Dakar is by far Senegals largest city. ... Diourbel is a region of Senegal (regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions). ... Fatick is a region of Senegal. ... The Kaolack region is a region in Senegal. ... Kolda is a region of Senegal (regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions). ... Louga is a city and region of Senegal. ... Matam is a region of Senegal (regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions). ... The Saint Louis region of Senegal sits just off the border with Mauritania. ... Tambacounda is a crossroads in West Africa. ... Thiès is a region of western Senegal. ... Ziguinchor is a region of Senegal (regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions). ...

Culture

On the beach at Mbour.

Dakar market.

Main article: Culture of Senegal

• Cuisine of Senegal
• Languages of Senegal
• List of Senegalese writers
• List of Senegalese
• Music of Senegal

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The beach at Mbour MBour or Mbour is a town on the Petite Côte in Senegal, lying south of Dakar. ... Image File history File links DakarMarket. ... Image File history File links DakarMarket. ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... The cuisine of Senegal is similar to other cuisines found in West Africa, but at the same time is has its own unique dishes. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... This is a list of prominent Senegalese authors A - G Maïmouna Abdoulaye (1949- ) Christine Adjahi Gnimagnon, also connected with Benin Berte-Evelyne Agbo, also connected with Benin Emilie Anifranie Ehah, also connected with Togo Clotilde Armstrong (1929- ) Mariama Bâ (1929-1981) Mariama Barry, also connected with Guinea Sokhna Benga... This is a list of famous Senegalese people: // Louis Phal Papa Bouba Diop DeSagana Diop Mouhamed Saer Sene El Hadji Diouf Battling Siki Moussa Mbaye Boris Diaw (half Senegalese) Mariama Bâ Alioune Diop Fatou Diome Sheikh Hamidou Kane Ousmane Sembène Léopold Senghor Safi Faye Ousmane Sembène Cheikh... Senegals musical heritage is more well-known than most African countries, due to the popularity of mbalax, which is a form of Wolof percussive music; it has been popularized by Youssou NDour. ...

Miscellaneous topics

Telephones - main lines in use: 224,600 (2002) Telephones - mobile cellular: 553,400 (2002) Telephone system: domestic: general assessment: good system domestic: above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system international: country code - 221; 4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat... The Confédération Sénégalaise du Scoutisme, the national federation of several Scouting organizations of Senegal, was founded in 1930, and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1963. ... // Primary and Secondary Education The spread of formal Quranic school in Senegal (called daara in Wolof) during the colonial period increased largely through the effort of the Tijaniyya, the main Sufi orders in charge of the Islamic community. ... President Léopold Senghor advocated close relations with France and negotiation and compromise as the best means of resolving international differences. ... Senegal has a very varied cultural landscape and a history of kingdoms, empires, brotherhoods and colonial struggles (between and against colonizing powers). ... Small availability of vegetables and fruit Cashew nuts for sale Tamarind for sale Agriculture in Senegal mainly consists of peanuts, witch is used for the production of oil. ... This page aims to list articles on Wikipedia that are related to Senegal. ... Senegal has well-trained and disciplined armed forces consisting of about 19,000 personnel in the army, air force, navy, and gendarmerie. ... First international Dahomey 3 - 2 Senegal (Côte dIvoire; 31 December 1961) Biggest win Senegal 6 - 0 Mauritania (Sierra Leone; 13 February 1984) Biggest defeat Tunisia 4 - 0 Senegal (Tunisia; 15 July 1995) Zambia 4 - 0 Senegal (Zambia; 26 September 1993) Algeria 4 - 0 Senegal (Algeria; 25 July 1993... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require rewriting and/or reformatting. ... Cheikh Anta Diop University (French Université Cheikh Anta Diop, UCAD) also known as the University of Dakar is a major university in Dakar, capital of the Francophone West African country Senegal. ...

External links

Find more information on Senegal by searching Wikipedia's sister projects
	Dictionary definitions from Wiktionary
	Textbooks from Wikibooks
	Quotations from Wikiquote
	Source texts from Wikisource
	Images and media from Commons
	News stories from Wikinews
	Learning resources from Wikiversity

Government

• (French) Gouvernement du Sénégal - Official governmental website
• Embassy of the Republic of Senegal in London government information and links
• (French) Observatoire sur les systèmes d'information, réseaux et inforoutes

News

• Newspaper Index - Senegal Online Newspapers in Senegal
• (French) Senegal news
• allAfrica.com - Senegal news headline links
• SenActu - Senegal news headline links

Overviews

• BBC News Country Profile - Senegal
• CIA World Factbook - Senegal
• MSN encarta Senegal overview
• Encyclopaedia Britannica's Country Page - "Senegal"
• [2]

Maps

• UN Map on Senegal

Literature

• Senegalese literature at a glance

Music

• Cora Connection West African music resources

Tourism

• Practical information on Senegal with maps, culture, articles ...
• Senegal travel guide from Wikitravel
• Guided Tours of Senegal
• The Lonely Planet travel guide on Senegal

Ethnicity

• (French) Senegals ethnic groups (in french)

Other

• (French) L'Afrique - Sénégal Hundreds of photographs and articles
• Senegal shows tolerant face of Islam ...
• Movement of the Democratic Force of Casamance
• Mineral resources of Senegal

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Observers	Armenia · Austria · Croatia · Czech Republic · Georgia · Hungary · Lithuania · Mozambique · Poland · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Ukraine The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) OIC redirects here. ... Motto Unité, Progrès, Justice(French) Unity, Progress, Justice Anthem Une Seule Nuit(French) One Single Night Capital (and largest city) Ouagadougou Official languages French Demonym Burkinabe Government Semi-presidential republic  -  President Blaise Compaoré  -  Prime Minister Tertius Zongo Independence from France   -  Date August 5, 1960  Area  -  Total 274,000 km... Motto Unity, Discipline and Labour(translation) Anthem LAbidjanaise Capital Yamoussoukro (de jure) Abidjan (de facto) Largest city Abidjan Official languages French Government Republic  -  President Laurent Gbagbo[1]  -  Prime Minister Guillaume Soro[1] Independence from France   -  Date August 7, 1960  Area  -  Total 322,460 km² (68th) 124,502 sq mi... “Palestinian government” redirects here. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_OIC.svg Beschreibung The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC). ... Motto Unité, Dignité, Travail(French) Unity, Dignity, Work Anthem La Renaissance(French) E Zingo(Sango) Capital (and largest city) Bangui Official languages Sango, French Government Republic  -  President François Bozizé  -  Prime Minister Élie Doté Independence from France   -  Date August 13, 1960  Area  -  Total 622,984 km² (43rd) 240,534 sq... The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus(TRNC) {NOTE: the name is not accepted by UN} , in Turkish Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti, is a self-proclaimed state occupying the northern third of the island of Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean. ... The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is an active Islamic movement in the Southern Philippines. ... Map of the ECO member states The Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is an intergovernmental international organization involving ten Asian nations. ... Anthem Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together [1] Administrative Centre Largest city Cairo, Egypt Working languages Arabic English French Portuguese Swahili Membership 53 African states Leaders  -  Chairman John Kufuor  -  Alpha Oumar Konaré Establishment  -  as the OAU May 25, 1963   -  as the African Union July 9, 2002  Area  -  Total 29... Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders  -  Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001)  -  Council of the Arab League Sudan  -  Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment  -  Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945  Area  -  Total 13,953,041 (Western Sahara Included) = 13,687,041... Member states of the Non-Aligned Movement (2005). ... UN and U.N. redirect here. ... President Fernando Henrique Cardoso speaks at the ZPCAS Summit held in Brasília. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Angola. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Argentina. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Benin. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cameroon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cape_Verde. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Motto Unity, Discipline and Labour(translation) Anthem LAbidjanaise Capital Yamoussoukro (de jure) Abidjan (de facto) Largest city Abidjan Official languages French Government Republic  -  President Laurent Gbagbo[1]  -  Prime Minister Guillaume Soro[1] Independence from France   -  Date August 7, 1960  Area  -  Total 322,460 km² (68th) 124,502 sq mi... Image File history File links Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Gabon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_The_Gambia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ghana. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guinea. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Liberia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Namibia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sao_Tome_and_Principe. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Senegal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sierra_Leone. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Africa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Togo. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uruguay. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Motto Égalité, Complémentarité, Solidarité Members and participants of La Francophonie. ... The French Community area of Belgium The French Community of Belgium (French: , Dutch: , German: ) is one of the three official communities in Belgium along with the Flemish Community and the German speaking Community. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... , Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Official languages French Government - Lieutenant-Governor Pierre Duchesne - Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 75 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area  Ranked 2nd - Total 1,542,056 km² (595... Image File history File links Flag_of_La_Francophonie. ... Not to be confused with Republika Srpska. ...
1 Associate member.

v • d • e Niger-Congo-speaking nations

v • d • e Kordofanian  Sudan v • d • e Mande  Gambia  Guinea Map showing the distribution of Niger-Congo languages The Niger-Congo languages constitute one of the worlds major language families, and Africas largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. ... Several Kordofanian languages are spoken in the Nuba hills of Kordofan, in Sudan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sudan. ... Mandé is the name of an ethnic group or nation, as well as a group of languages which are spoken in several countries in West Africa, including Mandinka, Soninke, Bambara, Dioula, Kagoro, Bozo, Mendé, Yacouba, and Vai. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_The_Gambia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guinea. ...  Guinea-Bissau  Mali Image File history File links Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mali. ...  Mauritania  Senegal Image File history File links Flag_of_Mauritania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Senegal. ...  Sierra Leone  Liberia Image File history File links Flag_of_Sierra_Leone. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Liberia. ...  Côte d'Ivoire  Nigeria Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ...  Burkina Faso  Benin Image File history File links Flag_of_Burkina_Faso. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Benin. ...  Togo Image File history File links Flag_of_Togo. ... v • d • e Atlantic-Congo Atlantic  Benin  Burkina Faso  Cameroon  CAR Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The (West) Atlantic languages1 of West Africa are a subgroup of Niger-Congo language family. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Benin. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Burkina_Faso. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cameroon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic. ... Motto Unité, Dignité, Travail(French) Unity, Dignity, Work Anthem La Renaissance(French) E Zingo(Sango) Capital (and largest city) Bangui Official languages Sango, French Government Republic  -  President François Bozizé  -  Prime Minister Élie Doté Independence from France   -  Date August 13, 1960  Area  -  Total 622,984 km² (43rd) 240,534 sq... Ijoid  Nigeria  Chad  Côte d'Ivoire  Gambia  Guinea The Ijoid languages are spoken by the Ịjọ [Ijaw] and the Defaka (Afakani) of the Niger Delta in Nigeria, totalling about 10 million. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Chad. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_The_Gambia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guinea. ... Dogon  Mali  Guinea-Bissau  Liberia  Mali The Dogon languages are spoken by the Dogon in Mali. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mali. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Liberia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mali. ...  Mauritania  Niger  Senegal Image File history File links Flag_of_Mauritania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Niger. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Senegal. ...  Sierra Leone  Sudan  Togo Image File history File links Flag_of_Sierra_Leone. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sudan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Togo. ... v • d • e Volta-Congo Senufo  Benin  Côte d'Ivoire  Mali In the classification of African languages, Volta-Congo is the major branch (in terms of number of languages) of the Niger-Congo phylum. ... The Senufo languages comprise ca. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Benin. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mali. ... Gur  Benin  Burkina Faso  Côte d'Ivoire  Ghana  Mali  Nigeria  Togo The Gur languages belong to the Niger-Congo languages. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Benin. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Burkina_Faso. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ghana. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mali. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Togo. ... Adamawa-Ubangi  Cameroon  CAR  Chad  Nigeria The Adamawa-Ubangi languages are spoken in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, southern Central African Republic, by a total of about 12 million people. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cameroon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic. ... Motto Unité, Dignité, Travail(French) Unity, Dignity, Work Anthem La Renaissance(French) E Zingo(Sango) Capital (and largest city) Bangui Official languages Sango, French Government Republic  -  President François Bozizé  -  Prime Minister Élie Doté Independence from France   -  Date August 13, 1960  Area  -  Total 622,984 km² (43rd) 240,534 sq... Image File history File links Flag_of_Chad. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Kru  Burkina Faso  Côte d'Ivoire  Liberia The Kru languages belong to the Niger-Congo language family and are spoken in the area ranging from the south-east of Liberia to the east of Côte dIvoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Burkina_Faso. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Liberia. ... Kwa  Benin  Côte d'Ivoire  Ghana  Nigeria  Togo The Kwa languages are spoken in the south-eastern part of Côte dIvoire, in Ghana, Togo and Benin, and the south-Western corner of Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Benin. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cote_d'Ivoire. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ghana. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Togo. ... v • d • e Benue-Congo Bantu  Angola  Botswana  Burundi  Cameroon  DRC The Benue-Congo group of languages constitutes the largest branch of the Niger-Congo language family, both in terms of sheer number of languages, of which 938 are known (not counting mere dialects), and in terms of speakers, numbering perhaps 550 million. ... Map showing the approximate distribution of Bantu vs. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Angola. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Botswana. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Burundi. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cameroon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo. ... Motto Justice – Paix – Travail(French) Justice – Peace – Work Anthem Debout Congolais Capital (and largest city) Kinshasaa Official languages French Recognised regional languages Lingala, Kongo/Kituba, Swahili, Tshiluba Demonym Congolese Government Semi-Presidential Republic  -  President Joseph Kabila  -  Prime Minister Antoine Gizenga Independence  -  from Belgium June 30, 1960  Area  -  Total 2,344... Yoruba and Igbo  Nigeria  Rep. of the Congo  Equatorial Guinea  Gabon  Kenya Yoruba (native name èdè Yorùbá, the Yoruba language) is a dialect continuum of West Africa with over 22 million speakers. ... Igbo is a language spoken in Nigeria by around 18 million people (1999 WA), the Igbo, especially in the southeastern region once identified as Biafra. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo. ... Motto Unité, Travail, Progrès(French) Unity, Work, Progress Anthem La Congolaise Capital (and largest city) Brazzaville Official languages French Government Republic  -  President Denis Sassou Nguesso  -  Prime Minister Isidore Mvouba Independence from France   -  Date 15 August 1960  Area  -  Total 342,000 km² (64th) 132,047 sq mi   -  Water (%) 3. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Gabon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Kenya. ...  Nigeria  Malawi  Mozambique  Namibia Image File history File links Flag_of_Nigeria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malawi. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mozambique. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Namibia. ...  Rwanda  Somalia  South Africa  Swaziland Image File history File links Flag_of_Rwanda. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Somalia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Africa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Swaziland. ...  Tanzania  Uganda  Zambia  Zimbabwe Image File history File links Flag_of_Tanzania. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uganda. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Zambia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Zimbabwe. ... CAR = Central African Republic    DRC = Democratic Republic of the Congo