Background
The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; Cape Verde subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cape Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents.
Japan isolated itself from the rest of the world before opening its ports to the US for trade in the 1840s. Since its defeat to the Allies in WWII, however, Japan has grown to become a major international power, both economically and culturally. An archipelago of over 6,800 islands, Japan has a total surface area of 377,910 sq km, making it the 61st largest country on earth. However, its population total is over 126.5 million, making it the 11th most populous nation. Its capital, Tokyo, is the largest capital city in the world, with some 12.5 million citizens.
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