Asia > Pakistan > Military

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Air force personnel	45,000		[13th of 49]
Armed forces growth	27		[51st of 132]
DEFINITION: Growth in the number of armed forces personnel from 1985 (index = 100) to 2000. 100 means no growth, 50 means it halved and 200 means it doubled.
SOURCE: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy
Armed forces personnel	612,000		[6th of 166]
DEFINITION: Total armed forces (2000)
SOURCE: calculated on the basis of data on armed forces from IISS (International Institute for Strategic Studies). 2001. The Military Balance 2001-2002. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Arms exports > constant 1990 US$	9,000,000 constant 1990 US$		[30th of 45]
DEFINITION: Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services.		View time series
SOURCE: IISS (International Institute for Strategic Studies). 2001. The Military Balance 2001-2002. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Army personnel	520,000		[5th of 49]
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Branches Army (includes National Guard), Navy (includes Marines and Maritime Security Agency), Pakistan Air Force (Pakistan Fiza'ya)
DEFINITION: The names of the ground, naval, air, marine, and other defense or security forces
SOURCE: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy
Conscription No conscription (AI).
DEFINITION: A description of the status of conscription in the nation in 1997.
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Conventional arms exports	$10,000,000.00		[31st of 40]
DEFINITION: Conventional arms transfers (1990 prices) - Exports (US$ millions) Refers to the voluntary transfer by the supplier (and thus excludes captured weapons and weapons obtained through defectors) of weapons with a military purpose destined for the armed forces, paramilitary forces or intelligence agencies of another country. These include major conventional weapons or systems in six categories: ships, aircraft, missiles, artillery, armoured vehicles and guidance and radar systems (excluded are trucks, services, ammunition, small arms, support items, components and component technology and towed or naval artillery under 100-millimetre calibre).
SOURCE: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, Switzerland, 1997. Data collected from the nations concerned, unless otherwise indicated. Acronyms: Amnesty International (AI); European Council of Conscripts Organizations (ECCO); Friends World Committee for Consultation (FWCC); International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHFHR); National Interreligious Service Board for Conscientious Objectors (NISBCO); Service, Peace and Justice in Latin America (SERPAJ); War Resisters International (WRI); World Council of Churches (WCC)
Conventional arms exports (per $ GDP)	0.029 per $1,000		[33rd of 40]
Conventional arms imports	$344,000,000.00		[13th of 85]
DEFINITION: Conventional arms transfers (1990 prices) - Imports (US$ millions) Refers to the voluntary transfer by the supplier (and thus excludes captured weapons and weapons obtained through defectors) of weapons with a military purpose destined for the armed forces, paramilitary forces or intelligence agencies of another country. These include major conventional weapons or systems in six categories: ships, aircraft, missiles, artillery, armoured vehicles and guidance and radar systems (excluded are trucks, services, ammunition, small arms, support items, components and component technology and towed or naval artillery under 100-millimetre calibre).
SOURCE: SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute). 2005. SIPRI Arms Transfers. Database. February. Stockholm.
Conventional arms imports (per $ GDP)	0.99 per $1,000		[21st of 85]
Employment in arms production	50,000		[12th of 56]
SOURCE: SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute). 2005. SIPRI Arms Transfers. Database. February. Stockholm.
expenditure > % of central government expenditure	23.14 %		[1st of 88]
DEFINITION: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)		View time series
SOURCE: Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC)
expenditure > % of GDP	3.36 %		[15th of 145]
DEFINITION: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
expenditure > current LCU	219922000000
DEFINITION: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Expenditures > Dollar figure	$3,848,000,000.00		[9th of 111]
DEFINITION: Current military expenditures in US dollars; the figure is calculated by multiplying the estimated defense spending in percentage terms by the gross domestic product (GDP) calculated on an exchange rate basis not purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Dollar figures for military expenditures should be treated with caution because of different price patterns and accounting methods among nations, as well as wide variations in the strength of their currencies		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Expenditures > Dollar figure (per $ GDP)	$39.27 per 1,000 $ of GDP		[10th of 111]
View time series
Expenditures > Percent of GDP	3.2%		[24th of 154]
DEFINITION: Current military expenditures as an estimated percent of gross domestic product (GDP).		View time series
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Gulf War Coalition Forces	4,900		[10th of 30]
DEFINITION: Number of troops who served on active duty in the Gulf War theater of operations between August 2, 1990, and June 13, 1991.
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Iraq pledges of reconstruction aid	$2,500,000.00		[29th of 40]
DEFINITION: Amount pledged by donor countries for reconstruction in Iraq, as of December 31, 2005. NOTES ON PLEDGES OF RECONSTRUCTION AID TABLE: The European Commission has pledged $518,119,988, which includes an additional January 2005 pledge of 200 million Euros (approximately $260 million), not yet formally committed to UNDG or World Bank Iraqi Trust Fund. Not incuded in this graph is $65,000,000 in additional pledges from Kuwait. "The World Bank, United Nations and CPA estimated Iraq will need $56 billion for reconstruction and stabilization efforts from 2004 to 2007, but that estimate is probably too low." -Brookings Institute. UPDATE ON 2003 MADRID CONFERENCE PLEDGES: Of the $13.5 billion pledged by donors other than the United States, $3.2 billion has been disbursed as of December 2005. The figure for the United States is derived from the IRRF 1 and 2. Status of the IRRF 2 as of January 6, 2006: $16.9 billion as been committed, and just over $10.1 billion has been expended.
SOURCE: "Gulf War Veterans: Measuring Health" by Lyla M. Hernandez, Jane S. Durch, Dan G. Blazer II, and Isabel V. Hoverman, Editors; Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans, Institute of Medicine. Published by The National Academies Press 1999
Iraq pledges of reconstruction aid (per $ GDP)	$2.60 per $100,000 of GDP		[26th of 40]
Manpower > Availability > Females	40,114,017		[6th of 162]
SOURCE: US Department of Defense. The Brookings Institution Iraq Index, April 24, 2006.		View time series
Manpower > Availability > Males	42,633,765		[6th of 210]
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008		View time series
Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49	38,133,700		[7th of 175]
DEFINITION: The total numbers of males aged 15-49. This statistic assumes that every individual is fit to serve.
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49	39,793,586		[6th of 175]
View time series
Manpower > Fit for military service > Females	31,369,057		[6th of 162]
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008		View time series
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males	32,453,913		[6th of 210]
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008		View time series
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49	24,355,985		[7th of 174]
DEFINITION: The number of males aged 15-49 fit for military service. This is a more refined measure of potential military manpower availability which tries to correct for the health situation in the country and reduces the maximum potential number to a more realistic estimate of the actual number fit to serve.		View time series
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49	23,328,600		[7th of 174]
Manpower > Military age	17 years of age
DEFINITION: The minimum age at which an individual may volunteer for military service or be subject to conscription.		View time series
SOURCE: CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005
Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Females	1,936,916		[5th of 226]
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008		View time series
Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males	2,062,065		[5th of 226]
DEFINITION: The number of draft-age males and females entering the military manpower pool in any given year and is a measure of the availability of draft-age young adults.		View time series
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Manpower reaching military service age annually > Males age 18-49	1,969,055		[5th of 157]
DEFINITION: This entry gives the number of draft-age males and females entering the military manpower pool in any given year and is a measure of the availability of draft-age young adults.
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
Military Capabilities > Active Troops	619,000		[7th of 10]
SOURCE: CIA World Factbook, 14 June, 2007
Military Capabilities > Defense Budget	$4,253,000,000.00		[8th of 10]
SOURCE: Wikipedia: Military Capabilities
Military Capabilities > Military Capabilities > Frigates	7		[7th of 10]
DEFINITION:
SOURCE: Wikipedia: Military Capabilities
Military Capabilities > Tanks	2,461		[7th of 10]
SOURCE: Wikipedia: Military Capabilities
Navy personnel	22,000		[20th of 49]
SOURCE: Wikipedia: Military Capabilities
Ongoing conflicts > Start of Conflict	2003
DEFINITION:
SOURCE: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy
personnel	921,000		[6th of 170]
DEFINITION: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces.		View time series
SOURCE: Wikipedia: Ongoing conflicts
personnel > % of total labor force	1.63 %		[51st of 168]
DEFINITION: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Service age and obligation 16 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed for combat until age of 18; the Pakistani Air Force and Pakistani Navy have inducted their first female pilots and sailors
DEFINITION: This entry gives the required ages for voluntary or conscript military service and the length of sevice obligation.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Tanks	1,050 tanks		[13th of 22]
DEFINITION: Approximate number of tanks.
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008
US military exports	$507.00 thousand		[59th of 109]
DEFINITION: U.S. Military Exports, for the year 1998 (in thousands of US dollars)
SOURCE: Dr T.R. O'Connor, (05/15/04)
Weapon holdings	5,407,000		[17th of 137]
SOURCE: Study by David Lochhead and James Morrell; available from the Center for International Policy
WMD > Biological While Pakistan is not known to possess biological weapons, it has talented biomedical and biochemical scientists and well-equipped laboratories, which would allow it to quickly establish a sophisticated biological warfare (BW) program, should the government so desire. Indeed, the United States reported in 1996 that Islamabad had been "conducting research and development with potential BW applications." It is not known whether this potential has since been realized. Pakistan signed the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC) in April 1972 and ratified it in 1974.
DEFINITION: A description of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of biological weapons of mass destruction
SOURCE: Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC)
WMD > Chemical Pakistan signed the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1993 and ratified the treaty in 1997. Islamabad has apparently made no admission in its treaty-mandated declarations of having possessed chemical weapons. Further, there is no reliable information in publicly available literature asserting that Pakistan has ever possessed chemical weapons, although some analysts suspect that it supports an offensive program.
DEFINITION: A description of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of chemical weapons of mass destruction
SOURCE: The Nuclear Threat Initiative
WMD > Missile Pakistan is developing both solid- and liquid-fueled ballistic missiles, based extensively on foreign systems. In the early 1990s, Pakistan purchased a small number of 300km-range M-11 ballistic missiles from China; Beijing also built a turnkey ballistic missile manufacturing facility at Tarwanah, a suburb of Rawalpindi. By the late 1990s, China helped Pakistan develop the 750km-range, solid-fueled Shaheen-1 ballistic missile, which was last tested in October 2002. In the late 1990s, Pakistan also acquired a small number of 1,500km-range Nodong ballistic missiles from North Korea. The Pakistani version of the Nodong, known as the Ghauri, was flight-tested in April 1998 and April 1999. The ballistic missiles are being developed by two rival agencies, the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission and the Khan Research Laboratories, which fall under the aegis of the National Development Complex.
DEFINITION: A description of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of missile weapons of mass destruction
SOURCE: The Nuclear Threat Initiative
WMD > Nuclear In the mid-1970s, Pakistan embarked upon the uranium enrichment route to acquiring a nuclear weapons capability. By the mid-1980s, Pakistan had a clandestine uranium enrichment facility; and as early as 1989-1990, the United States concluded that Islamabad had acquired the capability to assemble a first-generation nuclear device. Pakistan is believed to have stockpiled approximately 580-800kg of highly enriched uranium (HEU), sufficient amounts to build 30-50 fission bombs. In 1998, Pakistan commissioned the Khushab research reactor, which is capable of yielding 10-15kg of weapons-grade plutonium annually. According to the United States, China helped Pakistan by providing nuclear-related materials, scientific expertise, and technical assistance. Islamabad conducted nuclear tests in May 1998, shortly after India conducted its own weapon tests and declared itself a nuclear weapon state. Pakistan is not a signatory to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).
DEFINITION: A description of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of nuclear weapons
SOURCE: The Nuclear Threat Initiative
WMD > Overview Pakistan embarked on a nuclear weapon program in the early 1970s after its defeat and break up in the Indo-Bangladesh war of 1971. Islamabad regards nuclear weapons as essential to safeguard the South Asian balance of power and offset its conventional inferiority and lack of strategic depth against India. The technological complexity associated with nuclear weapons and their systems of delivery is also closely tied to Pakistan's post-colonial identity as the first Muslim nation to have acquired such a capability. There is no reliable, publicly available information to suggest that Pakistan has biological or chemical weapons.
DEFINITION: An overview of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of weapons of mass destruction
SOURCE: The Nuclear Threat Initiative

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