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Energy > Electricity Stats: compare key data on Germany & Turkey

Definitions

STAT Germany Turkey HISTORY
Consumption 549.1 billion kWh
Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Turkey
170.4 billion kWh
Ranked 12th.

Consumption > Per capita 6,641.91 kWh per capita
Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Turkey
2,755.49 kWh per capita
Ranked 12th.

Consumption by households 141.8 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 5 times more than Turkey
30.93 billion kWh
Ranked 22nd.

Consumption by households per capita 1,719.43 kWh
Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Turkey
456.65 kWh
Ranked 90th.

Consumption by petroleum refineries 7.2 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 8 times more than Turkey
866 million kWh
Ranked 26th.

Consumption by petroleum refineries per capita 87.29 kWh
Ranked 21st. 7 times more than Turkey
12.78 kWh
Ranked 44th.

Consumption per capita 6,652.78 kWh
Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Turkey
2,815.38 kWh
Ranked 11th.

Exports 66.81 billion kWh
Ranked 1st. 45 times more than Turkey
1.49 billion kWh
Ranked 30th.

From other renewable sources 13% of total installed capacity
Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Turkey
3.1% of total installed capacity
Ranked 49th.

Installed generating capacity 153.2 million kW
Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Turkey
49.52 million kW
Ranked 15th.

Installed generating capacity per thousand people 1,873.39 kW
Ranked 33th. 3 times more than Turkey
686.47 kW
Ranked 85th.

Production 575.6 billion kWh
Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey
217.7 billion kWh
Ranked 18th.

Production > KWh 629.55 billion
Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Turkey
191.56 billion
Ranked 18th.

Production > Per capita 7,217.15 kWh per capita
Ranked 28th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,759.66 kWh per capita
Ranked 12th.

Production per capita 7,228.96 kWh
Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,819.64 kWh
Ranked 11th.

Consumption by households and other consumers per capita 3,264.24 kWh
Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Turkey
992.28 kWh
Ranked 86th.

Production by source > Nuclear 29.9%
Ranked 14th.
0.0
Ranked 204th.
Imports 46.27 billion kWh
Ranked 2nd. 11 times more than Turkey
4.36 billion kWh
Ranked 28th.

From nuclear fuels 23% of total installed capacity
Ranked 1st.
0.0
Ranked 171st.

Consumption in agriculture per capita 100.64 kWh
Ranked 31st. 66% more than Turkey
60.73 kWh
Ranked 48th.

Consumption by households and other consumers > Per capita 3,264.24 kWh per capita
Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Turkey
932.77 kWh per capita
Ranked 104th.

Production > KWh > Per capita 6,722.96 per capita
Ranked 21st. 4 times more than Turkey
1,508.79 per capita
Ranked 70th.

Solar > Production > Public 1.28 billion kWh
Ranked 1st. 142 times more than Turkey
9 million kWh
Ranked 5th.

Thermal > Production per capita 4,874.74 kWh
Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Turkey
1,804.48 kWh
Ranked 67th.

Consumption by households > Per capita 1,719.43 kWh per capita
Ranked 34th. 4 times more than Turkey
429.26 kWh per capita
Ranked 105th.

From fossil fuels 55% of total installed capacity
Ranked 11th.
64.9% of total installed capacity
Ranked 107th. 18% more than Germany

Production by source > Fossil fuel 61.8%
Ranked 129th.
79.3%
Ranked 108th. 28% more than Germany
Consumption by industry and construction per capita 2,814.42 kWh
Ranked 21st. 3 times more than Turkey
895.6 kWh
Ranked 58th.

Net inland availability > Per capita 6,275.1 kWh per capita
Ranked 30th. 4 times more than Turkey
1,785.07 kWh per capita
Ranked 93th.

Power plant capacity > Geothermal > Per capita 0.012 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 20th.
0.208 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 17th. 17 times more than Germany

Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh per capita 255.43 kWh
Ranked 53th.
689.41 kWh
Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Germany

Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh 21.08 billion kWh
Ranked 24th.
46.08 billion kWh
Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Germany

Power plant capacity > Geothermal per 1000 0.0121 kW
Ranked 20th.
0.221 kW
Ranked 17th. 18 times more than Germany

Gross inland availability > Per capita 6,965.86 kWh per capita
Ranked 29th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,141.21 kWh per capita
Ranked 93th.

Hydro > Production 26.72 billion kWh
Ranked 18th.
39.56 billion kWh
Ranked 13th. 48% more than Germany

Net > Production 579.04 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Turkey
155.47 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Consumption in agriculture 8.3 billion kWh
Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Turkey
4.11 billion kWh
Ranked 18th.

Consumption by petroleum refineries > Per capita 87.29 kWh per capita
Ranked 22nd. 7 times more than Turkey
12.02 kWh per capita
Ranked 45th.

Solar > Production > Public per capita 15.55 kWh
Ranked 1st. 104 times more than Turkey
0.149 kWh
Ranked 7th.

Power plant capacity > Geothermal 1,000 kW
Ranked 20th.
15,000 kW
Ranked 15th. 15 times more than Germany

Net > Production per capita 7,021.22 kWh
Ranked 28th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,294.97 kWh
Ranked 80th.

Consumption by industry and construction > Per capita 2,814.43 kWh per capita
Ranked 23th. 3 times more than Turkey
841.89 kWh per capita
Ranked 64th.

Consumption by households and other consumers 269.2 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Turkey
67.22 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Thermal > Production 402.02 billion kWh
Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey
122.24 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Hydro > Production per capita 323.96 kWh
Ranked 57th.
583.99 kWh
Ranked 44th. 80% more than Germany

Wind > Production > Self-producer > Per capita 65,662.04 kWh per 1,000 people
Ranked 1st. 789 times more than Turkey
83.26 kWh per 1,000 people
Ranked 13th.

Consumption by iron and steel industry > Per capita 327.38 kWh per capita
Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Turkey
161.81 kWh per capita
Ranked 33th.

Consumption > Date of > Information 2003 2005
Production by source > Hydro 4.2%
Ranked 122nd.
20.4%
Ranked 87th. 5 times more than Germany
Energy balance requirement > Per capita 2,591.47 kWh per capita
Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Turkey
534.96 kWh per capita
Ranked 68th.

Energy balance requirement 213.72 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 6 times more than Turkey
38.55 billion kWh
Ranked 22nd.

Hydro > Production > Per capita 323.96 kWh per capita
Ranked 60th.
548.96 kWh per capita
Ranked 47th. 69% more than Germany

Hydro > Production > Public 26.36 billion kWh
Ranked 18th.
38.73 billion kWh
Ranked 13th. 47% more than Germany

Station use and station loss > Per capita 500.36 kWh per capita
Ranked 20th. 6 times more than Turkey
90.02 kWh per capita
Ranked 78th.

Thermal > Production > Public 357.89 billion kWh
Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey
105.99 billion kWh
Ranked 20th.

Thermal > Production > Public > Per capita 4,339.62 kWh per capita
Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Turkey
1,470.81 kWh per capita
Ranked 89th.

Wind > Production > Per capita 330,170.95 kWh per 1,000 people
Ranked 3rd. 403 times more than Turkey
818.71 kWh per 1,000 people
Ranked 37th.

Wind > Production > Public 27.23 billion kWh
Ranked 1st. 514 times more than Turkey
53 million kWh
Ranked 23th.

Wind > Production > Self-producer 5.39 billion kWh
Ranked 1st. 898 times more than Turkey
6 million kWh
Ranked 8th.

Power plant capacity > Public solar per million 18,285.57 kW
Ranked 1st. 221 times more than Turkey
82.82 kW
Ranked 11th.

Consumption by other industries and construction > Per capita 1,822.98 kWh per capita
Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Turkey
625.06 kWh per capita
Ranked 71st.

Consumption by transportation industry 16.2 billion kWh
Ranked 4th. 22 times more than Turkey
750 million kWh
Ranked 29th.

Consumption by transportation industry > Per capita 196.44 kWh per capita
Ranked 9th. 19 times more than Turkey
10.41 kWh per capita
Ranked 56th.

Conversion > Transport and distribution losses > Per capita 355.62 kWh per capita
Ranked 63th. 7% more than Turkey
333.64 kWh per capita
Ranked 65th.

Exports > Per capita 749.06 kWh per capita
Ranked 11th. 48 times more than Turkey
15.58 kWh per capita
Ranked 25th.

Gross > Production > Public and self-producer > Per capita 7,521.58 kWh per capita
Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Turkey
2,247.35 kWh per capita
Ranked 94th.

Consumption by mining industry > Energy commodities 6.12 billion kWh
Ranked 6th. 13 times more than Turkey
471 million kWh
Ranked 19th.

Consumption by other energy producers per capita 123.32 kWh
Ranked 7th. 102 times more than Turkey
1.21 kWh
Ranked 40th.

Conversion > Transport and distribution losses per capita 355.62 kWh
Ranked 58th. About the same as Turkey
354.93 kWh
Ranked 59th.

Hydro > Production > Public per capita 319.59 kWh
Ranked 56th.
571.66 kWh
Ranked 43th. 79% more than Germany

Imports per capita 507.49 kWh
Ranked 18th. 45 times more than Turkey
11.23 kWh
Ranked 29th.

Net inland availability per capita 6,275.1 kWh
Ranked 28th. 3 times more than Turkey
1,898.95 kWh
Ranked 77th.

Power plant capacity > Solar 1.51 million kW
Ranked 1st. 302 times more than Turkey
5,000 kW
Ranked 7th.

Total > Production > Public per capita 6,982.08 kWh
Ranked 28th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,138.48 kWh
Ranked 79th.

Consumption by chemical industry per capita 664.06 kWh
Ranked 8th. 11 times more than Turkey
58.53 kWh
Ranked 43th.

Consumption by mining industry > Energy commodities per capita 74.48 kWh
Ranked 9th. 11 times more than Turkey
6.95 kWh
Ranked 27th.

Consumption by other energy producers 10.17 billion kWh
Ranked 2nd. 124 times more than Turkey
82 million kWh
Ranked 29th.

Production from hydroelectric sources > % of total 3.46%
Ranked 90th.
30.58%
Ranked 52nd. 9 times more than Germany

Power plant capacity > Public geothermal > Per capita 0.012 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 19th.
0.208 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 16th. 17 times more than Germany

Consumption by iron and steel industry per capita 327.38 kWh
Ranked 23th. 90% more than Turkey
172.14 kWh
Ranked 30th.

Wind > Production > Self-producer per capita 65.65 kWh
Ranked 1st. 741 times more than Turkey
0.0886 kWh
Ranked 12th.

From hydroelectric plants 3% of total installed capacity
Ranked 9th.
32% of total installed capacity
Ranked 63th. 11 times more than Germany

Wind > Production > Public per capita 330.17 kWh
Ranked 3rd. 422 times more than Turkey
0.782 kWh
Ranked 34th.

Consumption by energy sector > Per capita 335.13 kWh per capita
Ranked 18th. 15 times more than Turkey
22.51 kWh per capita
Ranked 61st.

Consumption in agriculture > Per capita 100.64 kWh per capita
Ranked 33th. 76% more than Turkey
57.09 kWh per capita
Ranked 51st.

Consumption in rail transport > Per capita 196.44 kWh per capita
Ranked 5th. 62 times more than Turkey
3.15 kWh per capita
Ranked 54th.

Power plant capacity > Public geothermal 1,000 kW
Ranked 19th.
15,000 kW
Ranked 15th. 15 times more than Germany

Gross > Production > Public and self-producer 620.3 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Turkey
161.96 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Consumption by chemical industry 54.77 billion kWh
Ranked 3rd. 14 times more than Turkey
3.96 billion kWh
Ranked 25th.

Consumption in rail transport 16.2 billion kWh
Ranked 4th. 71 times more than Turkey
227 million kWh
Ranked 42nd.

Conversion > Transport and distribution losses 29.33 billion kWh
Ranked 11th. 22% more than Turkey
24.04 billion kWh
Ranked 15th.

Consumption by crude petroleum fields 500 million kWh
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Turkey
203 million kWh
Ranked 17th.

Station use and station loss 41.26 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 6 times more than Turkey
6.49 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Production from oil sources > Kwh per capita 122.88 kWh
Ranked 56th. 7% more than Turkey
114.74 kWh
Ranked 59th.

Wind > Production per capita 330.17 kWh
Ranked 3rd. 379 times more than Turkey
0.871 kWh
Ranked 37th.

Power plant capacity > Solar > Per capita 18.29 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 3rd. 234 times more than Turkey
0.078 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 13th.

Consumption by crude petroleum fields per capita 6.06 kWh
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Turkey
3 kWh
Ranked 26th.

Hydro > Production > Self-producer per capita 4.38 kWh
Ranked 26th.
12.33 kWh
Ranked 19th. 3 times more than Germany

Thermal > Production > Public per capita 4,339.62 kWh
Ranked 35th. 3 times more than Turkey
1,564.65 kWh
Ranked 72nd.

Production from natural gas sources > Kwh per capita 745 kWh
Ranked 50th.
931.12 kWh
Ranked 42nd. 25% more than Germany

Production from coal sources > Kwh 308.13 billion kWh
Ranked 4th. 9 times more than Turkey
34.45 billion kWh
Ranked 21st.

Production from natural gas sources > % of total 10.08%
Ranked 68th.
41.3%
Ranked 33th. 4 times more than Germany

Production from natural gas sources > Kwh 61.48 billion kWh
Ranked 13th.
62.24 billion kWh
Ranked 12th. 1% more than Germany

Consumption by iron and steel industry 27 billion kWh
Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Turkey
11.66 billion kWh
Ranked 12th.

Consumption by other consumers > Per capita 1,444.17 kWh per capita
Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Turkey
446.42 kWh per capita
Ranked 80th.

Consumption by other industries and construction 150.34 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Turkey
45.05 billion kWh
Ranked 18th.

Consumption by industry and construction 232.1 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Turkey
60.67 billion kWh
Ranked 17th.

Consumption by mining industry > Energy commodities > Per capita 74.49 kWh per capita
Ranked 9th. 11 times more than Turkey
6.54 kWh per capita
Ranked 27th.

Consumption by other consumers 119.1 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Turkey
32.17 billion kWh
Ranked 17th.

Gross inland availability 574.47 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Turkey
154.31 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Imports > Per capita 505,890.82 kWh per 1,000 people
Ranked 18th. 46 times more than Turkey
10,988.58 kWh per 1,000 people
Ranked 28th.

Net inland availability 517.5 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Turkey
128.64 billion kWh
Ranked 19th.

Net > Production > Per capita 7,021.22 kWh per capita
Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Turkey
2,157.33 kWh per capita
Ranked 94th.

Production from coal sources > % of total 50.51%
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Turkey
22.86%
Ranked 36th.

Thermal > Production > Per capita 4,874.74 kWh per capita
Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Turkey
1,696.26 kWh per capita
Ranked 86th.

Thermal > Production > Self-producer 44.13 billion kWh
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Turkey
16.25 billion kWh
Ranked 13th.

Power plant capacity > Public solar 1.51 million kW
Ranked 1st. 302 times more than Turkey
5,000 kW
Ranked 6th.

Power plant capacity > Public solar > Per capita 18.29 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 1st. 234 times more than Turkey
0.078 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 11th.

Thermal > Production > Self-producer > Per capita 535.12 kWh per capita
Ranked 25th. 2 times more than Turkey
225.45 kWh per capita
Ranked 41st.

Total > Production > Public 575.81 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Turkey
144.87 billion kWh
Ranked 21st.

Total > Production > Public > Per capita 6,982.08 kWh per capita
Ranked 30th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,010.23 kWh per capita
Ranked 95th.

Total > Production > Self-producer 44.49 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Turkey
17.09 billion kWh
Ranked 13th.

Wind > Production 27.23 billion kWh
Ranked 1st. 462 times more than Turkey
59 million kWh
Ranked 25th.

Power plant capacity > Public wind 18.43 million kW
Ranked 1st. 1024 times more than Turkey
18,000 kW
Ranked 29th.

Production from oil sources > Kwh 10.14 billion kWh
Ranked 24th. 32% more than Turkey
7.67 billion kWh
Ranked 31st.

Station use and station loss per capita 500.36 kWh
Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Turkey
95.76 kWh
Ranked 66th.

% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint 1%
Ranked 37th.
9.17%
Ranked 11th. 9 times more than Germany
Consumption by other energy producers > Per capita 123.32 kWh per capita
Ranked 7th. 108 times more than Turkey
1.14 kWh per capita
Ranked 40th.

Total > Production > Self-producer > Per capita 539.5 kWh per capita
Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Turkey
237.12 kWh per capita
Ranked 44th.

Production by source > Other 4.1%
Ranked 15th. 14 times more than Turkey
0.3%
Ranked 52nd.
Consumption by other consumers per capita 1,444.17 kWh
Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Turkey
474.9 kWh
Ranked 71st.

Consumption by other industries and construction per capita 1,822.98 kWh
Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Turkey
664.94 kWh
Ranked 57th.

Consumption by crude petroleum fields > Per capita 6.06 kWh per capita
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Turkey
2.82 kWh per capita
Ranked 27th.

Power plant capacity > Public wind > Per capita 223.45 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 2nd. 894 times more than Turkey
0.25 kW per 1,000 people
Ranked 35th.

Power plant capacity > Public geothermal per 1000 0.0121 kW
Ranked 19th.
0.221 kW
Ranked 16th. 18 times more than Germany

Power plant capacity > Public wind per 1000 223.45 kW
Ranked 2nd. 841 times more than Turkey
0.266 kW
Ranked 35th.

Power plant capacity > Solar per 1000 18.29 kW
Ranked 3rd. 221 times more than Turkey
0.0828 kW
Ranked 13th.

Thermal > Production > Self-producer per capita 535.12 kWh
Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Turkey
239.83 kWh
Ranked 37th.

Gross > Production > Public and self-producer per capita 7,521.58 kWh
Ranked 27th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,390.72 kWh
Ranked 80th.

Consumption by transportation industry per capita 196.44 kWh
Ranked 9th. 18 times more than Turkey
11.07 kWh
Ranked 52nd.

Consumption in rail transport per capita 196.44 kWh
Ranked 5th. 59 times more than Turkey
3.35 kWh
Ranked 53th.

Production from oil sources > % of total 1.66%
Ranked 90th.
5.09%
Ranked 63th. 3 times more than Germany

Hydro > Production > Public > Per capita 319.58 kWh per capita
Ranked 59th.
537.38 kWh per capita
Ranked 46th. 68% more than Germany

Hydro > Production > Self-producer 361 million kWh
Ranked 17th.
835 million kWh
Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Germany

Hydro > Production > Self-producer > Per capita 4.38 kWh per capita
Ranked 26th.
11.59 kWh per capita
Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Germany

Production from coal sources > Kwh > Per capita 3,734.2 kWh per capita
Ranked 9th. 8 times more than Turkey
484.16 kWh per capita
Ranked 38th.

Production from natural gas sources > Kwh > Per capita 745 kWh per capita
Ranked 49th.
874.79 kWh per capita
Ranked 43th. 17% more than Germany

Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh > Per capita 255.43 kWh per capita
Ranked 53th.
647.7 kWh per capita
Ranked 40th. 3 times more than Germany

Production from oil sources > Kwh > Per capita 122.89 kWh per capita
Ranked 57th. 14% more than Turkey
107.8 kWh per capita
Ranked 62nd.

Consumption by energy sector per capita 335.13 kWh
Ranked 17th. 14 times more than Turkey
23.94 kWh
Ranked 59th.

Energy balance requirement per capita 2,591.47 kWh
Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Turkey
569.09 kWh
Ranked 63th.

Exports per capita 751.43 kWh
Ranked 12th. 47 times more than Turkey
15.92 kWh
Ranked 26th.

Gross inland availability per capita 6,965.85 kWh
Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Turkey
2,277.81 kWh
Ranked 80th.

Total > Production > Self-producer per capita 539.5 kWh
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Turkey
252.25 kWh
Ranked 39th.

Production from coal sources > Kwh per capita 3,734.2 kWh
Ranked 10th. 7 times more than Turkey
515.34 kWh
Ranked 38th.

Consumption by energy sector 27.64 billion kWh
Ranked 4th. 17 times more than Turkey
1.62 billion kWh
Ranked 35th.

Consumption by chemical industry > Per capita 664.06 kWh per capita
Ranked 9th. 12 times more than Turkey
55.02 kWh per capita
Ranked 45th.

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; Source: Energy Statistics Database | United Nations Statistics Division; Source: Energy Statistics Database | United Nations Statistics Division. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics \xA9 OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD Countries, Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, and Energy Balances of OECD Countries.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database; Wikipedia: List of countries by electricity consumption

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