Education > Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge: Countries Compared
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DEFINITION:
Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components. Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings.
CONTENTS
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# | COUNTRY | AMOUNT | DATE | GRAPH |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sweden | 6.93% | 2009 | |
2 | United States | 6.49% | 2009 | |
3 | Finland | 5.84% | 2009 | |
4 | Denmark | 5.13% | 2009 | |
5 | Canada | 4.93% | 2009 | |
6 | Japan | 4.78% | 2009 | |
Group of 7 countries (G7) average (profile) | 4.28% | 2009 | ||
7 | France | 4.16% | 2009 | |
8 | Australia | 3.91% | 2009 | |
9 | Germany | 3.82% | 2009 | |
10 | Netherlands | 3.81% | 2009 | |
11 | Belgium | 3.79% | 2009 | |
12 | United Kingdom | 3.45% | 2009 | |
13 | Austria | 3.4% | 2009 | |
14 | Spain | 2.58% | 2009 | |
15 | Ireland | 2.46% | 2009 | |
16 | Italy | 2.37% | 2009 | |
17 | Greece | 1.88% | 2009 | |
18 | Portugal | 1.84% | 2009 |