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FACTS & STATISTICS
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Agriculture > products
wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool; caviar |
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Aid as % of GDP
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0.1% |
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[121st of 129]
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Debt > External
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$20,680,000,000.00 |
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[68th of 136]
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Distribution of family income > Gini index
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44.5 |
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[7th of 43]
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Economic freedom
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0.85 |
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[147th of 156]
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Economy > Overview
Iran's economy is marked by an inefficient state sector, reliance on the oil sector (which provides 85% of government revenues), and statist policies that create major distortions throughout. Most economic activity is controlled by the state. Private sector activity is typically small-scale workshops, farming, and services. President Mahmud AHMADI-NEJAD failed to make any notable progress in fulfilling the goals of the nation's latest five-year plan. A combination of price controls and subsidies, particularly on food and energy, continue to weigh down the economy, and administrative controls, widespread corruption, and other rigidities undermine the potential for private-sector-led growth. As a result of these inefficiencies, significant informal market activity flourishes and shortages are common. High oil prices in recent years have enabled Iran to amass nearly $70 billion in foreign exchange reserves. Yet this increased revenue has not eased economic hardships, which include double-digit unemployment and inflation - inflation climbed to 26% as of June 2008. The economy has seen only moderate growth. Iran's educated population, economic inefficiency and insufficient investment - both foreign and domestic - have prompted an increasing number of Iranians to seek employment overseas, resulting in significant "brain drain." |
Exchange rates
rials per US dollar - 8,614 (2004), 8,193.9 (2003), 6,907 (2002), 1,753.6 (2001), 1,764.4 (2000) |
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Exports
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$88,260,000,000.00 |
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[36th of 189]
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GDP
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$222,889,500,000.00 |
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[28th of 203]
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GDP > PPP
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$505,019,000,000.00 |
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[21st of 163]
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GDP > Real growth rate
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6.2% |
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[71st of 198]
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GDP growth > annual %
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4.36 annual %
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[93rd of 187]
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GINI index
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43
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[19th of 40]
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Human Development Index
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0.736 |
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[99th of 178]
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Inflation rate (consumer prices)
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17% |
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[8th of 192]
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Population below poverty line
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18% |
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[11th of 46]
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Public debt
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17.2 % of GDP |
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[100th of 121]
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Research and development spending
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0.5% |
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[45th of 69]
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Technological achievement
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0.26 |
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[45th of 68]
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Tourist arrivals
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740,000 |
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[60th of 152]
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... View all Economy stats
SOURCES: CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; calculated on the basis of data on ODA from OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), Development Assistance Committee. 2002. DAC Online. Database. Paris.; and data on GDP from World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; The Heritage Foundation; World Development Indicators database and CIA World Factbook; World Bank. 2005. World Development Indicators 2005.; World Development Indicators database; Human Development Report 2006, United Nations Development Programme; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; aggregates calculated for the Human Development Report Office by the World Bank; United Nations Development Program. Human Development Report 2001. New York: Oxford University Press,2001, Table A2.1. via ciesin.org; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook
ALTERNATIVE NAMES:
Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran, Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran, iran (islamic rep. of), iran (islamic republic of), Iran, Islamic Rep. of, Iran, Islamic Republic of, Islamic Rep. of Iran
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