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Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	0.37 % of GNI		[87th of 179]
View time series
Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.94 % of GNI		[30th of 165]
DEFINITION: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Areas under protection	5		[133rd of 146]
DEFINITION: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
CO2 Emissions	61,139.3		[44th of 178]
DEFINITION: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide
SOURCE: World Resources Institute
CO2 emissions > kt	47,794.82 kt		[57th of 195]
DEFINITION: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.		View time series
SOURCE: World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute
Forest area > % of land area	2.9 % of land area		[174th of 195]
DEFINITION: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Forest area > sq. km	20 km²		[192nd of 195]
DEFINITION: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Known breeding bird species	142		[118th of 146]
DEFINITION: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002).
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Known mammal species	85		[96th of 145]
DEFINITION: Known mammal species (1992-2002).
SOURCE: World Resources Institute
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions > kg per day per worker	0.1 kg per day per worker		[33rd of 115]
DEFINITION: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: World Resources Institute
PM10, country level > micrograms per cubic meter	44.41 mcg/m³		[78th of 185]
DEFINITION: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country’s technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999	14,809		[48th of 199]
DEFINITION: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2).
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Protected area	4.4		[89th of 147]
DEFINITION: Environmentally protected area (1997)
SOURCE: Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication
Threatened species > Mammal	6		[117th of 160]
DEFINITION: Number of threatened mammal species (1997)
SOURCE: Jacaranda Atlas
Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	16.03 %		[3rd of 114]
DEFINITION: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: Jacaranda Atlas
Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions	25.39 %		[31st of 114]
DEFINITION: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	1.43 %		[23rd of 94]
DEFINITION: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	24.59 %		[5th of 111]
DEFINITION: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.93 %		[28th of 114]
DEFINITION: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	1.64 %		[24th of 114]
DEFINITION: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database

Interesting facts on Singapore Environment

• The total area of Australia’s coral reefs is greater than the total area of any of 130 individual countries, including Slovakia, the Dominican Republic, Kuwait, Singapore, and Rwanda.

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