FACTOID # 1: Almost half of Ecuador is subject to environmental protection.
 
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North America > Mexico > Environment

MEXICAN ENVIRONMENT STATS:   Top Stats   All Stats  
View this page with:    Just Stats   Sources   Definitions   Both  
Acidification 0.68% [43rd of 141]
Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI 0.39 % of GNI Time series [82nd of 179]
Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage > % of GNI 0.39 % of GNI Time series [75th of 165]
Areas under protection 224 [28th of 146]
    Areas under protection (per capita) 2.10917 per 1 million people [85th of 146]
Biosphere reserves area 6,770 thousand hectares [10th of 86]
    Biosphere reserves area (per capita) 63.7458 thousand hectares per 1 [34th of 86]
Breeding birds threatened 4.92% [32nd of 136]
Carbon efficiency 1.33 CO2 emissions/$ GDP [58th of 141]
CFC consumption 128,672 [15th of 107]
    CFC consumption (per capita) 1.21157 per 1,000 people [30th of 107]
CO2 Emissions 385,075 [10th of 178]
    CO2 Emissions (per capita) 3.62584 per 1,000 people [66th of 176]
CO2 emissions > kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP 0.47 kg/PPP$ Time series [52nd of 170]
CO2 emissions > kt 415,904.3 kt Time series [11th of 195]
    CO2 emissions > kt (per capita) 4.117 kt per 1,000 people Time series [79th of 196]
Coral reefs > Area 1,780 sq km [10th of 28]
    Coral reefs > Area (per $ GDP) 0.00176938 sq km per $1 million [21st of 26]
    Coral reefs > Area (per capita) 0.0167604 sq km per 1,000 people [23rd of 27]
Coral reefs > Share 0.63%
Current issues
scarcity of hazardous waste disposal facilities; rural to urban migration; natural fresh water resources scarce and polluted in north, inaccessible and poor quality in center and extreme southeast; raw sewage and industrial effluents polluting rivers in urban areas; deforestation; widespread erosion; desertification; deteriorating agricultural lands; serious air and water pollution in the national capital and urban centers along US-Mexico border; land subsidence in Valley of Mexico caused by groundwater depletion; note: the government considers the lack of clean water and deforestation national security issues
Ecological footprint 2.69 [58th of 141]
Endangered species protection 87.5% [38th of 141]
Environmental agreement compliance 3.94 [47th of 70]
Fertiliser consumption 676.87 hundred grams/hectare [71st of 141]
Forest area > % of land area 33.66 % of land area Time series [80th of 195]
Forest area > sq. km 642,380 km² Time series [12th of 195]
    Forest area > sq. km (per capita) 6,231.309 km² per 1,000 people Time series [68th of 195]
Freshwater withdrawal 78.22 Time series [9th of 124]
Freshwater withdrawal > Agricultural 77% Time series [55th of 124]
Freshwater withdrawal > Domestic 17% Time series [55th of 124]
Freshwater withdrawal > Industrial 5% Time series [65th of 124]
Groundwater withdrawals 275.4 [17th of 188]
International agreements > Party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
International agreements > Signed but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Known breeding bird species 440 [12th of 146]
    Known breeding bird species (per capita) 4.14301 per 1 million people [129th of 146]
Known mammal species 491 [2nd of 145]
    Known mammal species (per capita) 4.62322 per 1 million people [107th of 145]
Marine areas under protection 34 [14th of 95]
    Marine areas under protection (per capita) 0.320142 per 1 million people [57th of 95]
Marine fish catch 882,256 tons [17th of 141]
    Marine fish catch (per capita) 8.30726 tons per 1,000 people [49th of 141]
Non-wildness 2.77% [74th of 141]
NOx emissions per populated area 0.38 thousand metric tons/squ [45th of 141]
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions > kg per day 296,092.5 kg/day Time series [16th of 115]
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions > kg per day per worker 0.2 kg per day per worker Time series [27th of 115]
PM10, country level > micrograms per cubic meter 39.33 mcg/m³ Time series [88th of 185]
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 103,301 [10th of 199]
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 103 [14th of 25]
    Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 (per $ GDP) 0.0102386 per $100 million [15th of 25]
    Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 (per capita) 0.969841 per 1 million people [19th of 25]
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide per capita 4 [28th of 29]
Pollution > Municipal Waste per capita 310 [29th of 29]
Pollution > Nitrogen Oxides per capita 17 [27th of 29]
Pollution > Nuclear waste 42 [15th of 16]
Pollution > Nuclear waste efficiency 0.1 [16th of 16]
Pollution > Nuclear waste per capita 0.2 [16th of 16]
Protected area 2.4 [111st of 147]
SO2 emissions per populated area 970 thousand metric tons/squ [51st of 141]
SO2 exports 1,495.17 hundred metric tons [58th of 141]
Sustainability-satisfying companies 0% [30th of 31]
Threatened species 247 [4th of 158]
Threatened species > Mammal 64 [5th of 160]
Total renewable water resources 457.2 cu km Time series [8th of 31]
Urban NO2 concentration 130 micrograms/m3 [1st of 141]
Urban SO2 concentration 74 micrograms/m3 [42nd of 141]
Water > Availability 3.47 thousand cubic metres [63rd of 141]
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration 6.1 mls/litre [113rd of 141]
Water > Freshwater pollution 0.42 tons/cubic km [45th of 69]
Water > Phosphorus concentration 0.64 mls/litre [15th of 141]
Water > Salinisation 1,239.62 [31st of 141]
Water > Severe water stress 43.8 [37th of 140]
Water > Suspended solids 5.17 mls/litre [66th of 141]
Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions 10.43 % Time series [21st of 114]
Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.19 % Time series [45th of 112]
Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions 55.56 % Time series [24th of 114]
Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions 7.79 % Time series [27th of 94]
Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions 5.13 % Time series [37th of 107]
Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions 12.52 % Time series [44th of 111]
Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions 7.47 % Time series [45th of 114]
Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.92 % Time series [63rd of 114]
Wetlands of intl importance > Area 1,157 thousand hectares [16th of 112]
    Wetlands of intl importance > Area (per capita) 10.8942 thousand hectares per 1 m [59th of 112]
Wildness 17.65% [49th of 141]

SOURCES: Stockholm Environment Institute at York, Acidification in Developing Countries: Ecosystem Sensitivity and the Critical Loads Approach at the Global scale, 2000 via ciesin.org; World Development Indicators database; World Resources Institute; 2000 IUCN Red List, and World Resources Institute,World Resources 2000-2001, Washington, DC: WRI, 2000. Original sources: World Conservation Monitoring Center, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and other sources.; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; UNEP, Production and Consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances, 1986-1998, October 1999. via ciesin.org; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute; World Atlas of Coral Reefs accessible via United Nations Environment Program; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Living Planet Report 2000, Gland, Switzerland: 2000, and Redefining Progress.; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Report on National Reports Required Under Article VIII, Paragraph 7(a), of the Convention, Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties, Gigiri, Kenya, April 2000; Michael E. Porter et al, The Global Competitveness Report 2001. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. via ciesin.org; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001. via ciesin.org; ; FAOSTAT on-line database; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the last wild places on the earth's surface. Accessed via ciesin.org; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, Data Version 1.1, B1Illustrative Marker Scenario with model IMAGE; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication; U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual, 2002, and International Energy Outlook, 2001; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, OECD Environmental Data Compendium; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, OECD Environmental Data Compendium, 1999; Jacaranda Atlas; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, RAINS-ASIA and Co-operative Programme formonitoring and evaluation of the long range transmission of air pollutants in Europe (EMEP) via ciesin.org; Assessment of the Country Allocation of the Dow Jones Sustainability Group Index, SAM SustainabilityGroup via ciesin.org; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; World Resources Institute, World Resources 1998-99; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2000; WHO,Air Management Information System-AMIS 2.0, 1998; and Global Urban Observatory, Citibase, 1999. via ciesin.org; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGAP 2.1B, 2001 via ciesin.org; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen,R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001, Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001 (for BOD emissions)and Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGap 2.1, 2000 (for data on waterquantity). via ciesin.org; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen, R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGap 2.1, 2000 via ciesin.org; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the lastwild places on the earth's surface. via ciesin.org

ALTERNATIVE NAMES: Mexico, ma*a(c)xico, United Mexican States, Estados Unidos Mexicanos

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COMMENTARY     

Suchita Vemuri
Staff Editor
11th April 2005 		Hi Susan - Mexico's flora, divided along its topographical and geographical lines, comprises mostly desert plants in the north, forests and grasslands in the mountains and and jungle-type plants and trees in the south. It has over 6 million hectares of biosphere reserves covering different forests and wetlands. It has over one million hectares of wetlands of international importance and close to 18% of its total area is wilderness.

Mexico ranks fifth in the world for diversity in fauna; it ranks second for diversity of mammal species. Given such diversity, it's natural the number of endangered species should be high, overall and especially for mammals and birds. It has organized protection for more than 87% of the endangered species of its fauna.

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charm
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