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Crime Stats: compare key data on India & Switzerland

Definitions

  • Age of criminal responsibility: The age at which a person is no longer excluded from criminal liability.  The lowest age is indicated for countries where there isn’t a single age limit, for example where different states have different regulations (such as the USA) or there is different limits for boy and girls (such as in Iran). The spectrum is specifically wide for the USA and Mexico (both 6-12 years). Several US states do not stipulate any minimal age for criminal responsibility at all. For further qualifications, exceptions and other notes, please refer to notes.
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Annual cannabis use: Estimate of percentage of 15-64 year old population who use Cannabis.
  • Drugs > Opiates use: Annual prevalence.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Murder rate: Homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants in various countries.
  • Police officers: Number of police officers per 100,000 population.
  • Total crimes: Note: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Total crimes per 1000: Note: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Burglaries: Number of burglaries recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Robberies: Number of robberies recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Kidnappings: Number of kidnappings recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Murders > Per 100,000 people: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Assaults: Number of assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Maximum length of sentence: Maximum length of sentence (under life).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Auto theft: Number of motor vehicle thefts (car thefts) recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Murders > WHO: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners > Per capita: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence: Possible other sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Software piracy rate: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole: Minimum to serve before eligibility for requesting parole.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Illicit drugs: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Frauds: Total recorded frauds. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Serious assaults: Number of major assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence: Mandatory sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Drug related crime: Number of drug related crimes recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > HIV testing amongst drug users: Estimated percentage of injecting drug users who have been tested for HIV.
  • Prisoners > Female: Female prisoners, expressed as a percentage share of the total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21: Under age of 18 (or 21).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users: Percentage of injecting drug users who are HIV positive.
  • Punishment > Has life imprisonment: Life imprisonment.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Has indefinite sentence: Indefinite sentence (excl. preventive or psychiatric detainment).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prison staff: Number of correction staff in adult prisons per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners > Share of prison capacity filled: The percentage of the offical prison capacity filled. This is obtained by comparing the number of prisoners in a nation to the offical capacity of the nation's prison system. Data for 2003.
  • Frauds per 1000: Total recorded frauds. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Embezzlements: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Embezzlements per million: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees: The percentage of the prison population that is being held pre-trial / on remand. Data for 2003.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted: Number of people prosecuted for smuggling migrants by country.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted per million: Number of people prosecuted for smuggling migrants by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
STAT India Switzerland HISTORY
Age of criminal responsibility 7
Ranked 50th.
10
Ranked 40th. 43% more than India
Crime levels 47.61
Ranked 45th. 74% more than Switzerland
27.4
Ranked 74th.
Drugs > Annual cannabis use 3.2%
Ranked 4th.
3.4%
Ranked 15th. 6% more than India
Drugs > Opiates use 0.4%
Ranked 10th.
0.6%
Ranked 4th. 50% more than India
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 2,013
Ranked 6th. 4% more than Switzerland
1,944
Ranked 27th.
Murder rate 2.8 0.71
Police officers 122.5
Ranked 28th. 136 times more than Switzerland
0.9
Ranked 10th.

Total crimes 1.76 million
Ranked 10th. 6 times more than Switzerland
307,631
Ranked 31st.
Total crimes per 1000 1.64
Ranked 76th.
42.23
Ranked 20th. 26 times more than India
Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents 4.2
Ranked 105th.
45.7
Ranked 4th. 11 times more than India
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 2.8
Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Switzerland
1.25
Ranked 39th.

Violent crime > Murder rate 40,752
Ranked 2nd. 784 times more than Switzerland
52
Ranked 68th.

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 34.24
Ranked 58th. 5 times more than Switzerland
6.65
Ranked 82nd.

Violent crime > Murders 40,752
Ranked 2nd. 784 times more than Switzerland
52
Ranked 68th.

Violent crime > Murders per million people 34.24
Ranked 58th. 5 times more than Switzerland
6.65
Ranked 82nd.

Burglaries 8
Ranked 50th.
758.1
Ranked 8th. 95 times more than India

Robberies 1.6
Ranked 68th.
54.6
Ranked 36th. 34 times more than India

Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 63.58
Ranked 49th.
64.56
Ranked 45th. 2% more than India
Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 25.8
Ranked 55th. 24% more than Switzerland
20.83
Ranked 71st.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 50.1
Ranked 48th.
70.19
Ranked 18th. 40% more than India
Kidnappings 2.09
Ranked 14th.
3.66
Ranked 3rd. 75% more than India
Murders > Per 100,000 people 5.5
Ranked 67th. 90% more than Switzerland
2.9
Ranked 79th.
Prisoners 313,635 prisoners
Ranked 4th. 63 times more than Switzerland
4,982 prisoners
Ranked 96th.
Assaults 23.1
Ranked 53th.
108.3
Ranked 31st. 5 times more than India
Punishment > Maximum length of sentence None None
Auto theft 7.9
Ranked 57th.
768.8
Ranked 1st. 97 times more than India
Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 39.2
Ranked 44th. 83% more than Switzerland
21.47
Ranked 79th.
Murders > WHO 3
Ranked 110th. 3 times more than Switzerland
0.9
Ranked 166th.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 76.78
Ranked 53th.
89.42
Ranked 19th. 16% more than India

United States extradition treaties > Entered into force July 21, 1999 September 10, 1997
Prisoners > Per capita 29 per 100,000 people
Ranked 152nd.
72 per 100,000 people
Ranked 111th. 2 times more than India
Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence Kidnapping, Aggravated murder, aggravated hostage-taking, genocide, endangering the independence of the country
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 39.83
Ranked 47th. 48% more than Switzerland
26.95
Ranked 74th.
Software piracy rate 69%
Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Switzerland
25%
Ranked 97th.
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 46.15
Ranked 59th. 12% more than Switzerland
41.03
Ranked 69th.
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 32.79
Ranked 72nd.
45.72
Ranked 47th. 39% more than India
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 74.05
Ranked 45th. 3 times more than Switzerland
21.38
Ranked 90th.
Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole 14 years or never; individually set by judge 10 years or 15 years; individually set by judge
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 39.4
Ranked 44th. 40% more than Switzerland
28.21
Ranked 76th.
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 45.63
Ranked 45th. 76% more than Switzerland
25.97
Ranked 75th.
Illicit drugs world's largest producer of licit opium for the pharmaceutical trade, but an undetermined quantity of opium is diverted to illicit international drug markets; transit point for illicit narcotics produced in neighboring countries and throughout Southwest Asia; illicit producer of methaqualone; vulnerable to narcotics money laundering through the hawala system; licit ketamine and precursor production a major international financial center vulnerable to the layering and integration stages of money laundering; despite significant legislation and reporting requirements, secrecy rules persist and nonresidents are permitted to conduct business through offshore entities and various intermediaries; transit country for and consumer of South American cocaine, Southwest Asian heroin, and Western European synthetics; domestic cannabis cultivation and limited ecstasy production
Frauds 41,403
Ranked 13th. 4 times more than Switzerland
10,327
Ranked 27th.
Serious assaults 0.3
Ranked 54th.
2.9
Ranked 44th. 10 times more than India
Prisoners per 1000 0.291 prisoners
Ranked 154th.
0.684 prisoners
Ranked 113th. 2 times more than India
Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence Murder, rape, robbery None
Drug related crime 3
Ranked 64th.
628
Ranked 2nd. 209 times more than India
Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 48.08
Ranked 40th. 38% more than Switzerland
34.87
Ranked 66th.
Drugs > HIV testing amongst drug users 46.7%
Ranked 13th.
54.11%
Ranked 17th. 16% more than India

Prisoners > Female 3%
Ranked 93th.
6.2%
Ranked 24th. 2 times more than India
Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21 Yes under 15 : no imprisonment 15\u201317 : max. 4 years' imprisonment
Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users 7.2%
Ranked 10th.
7.33%
Ranked 28th. 2% more than India

Punishment > Has life imprisonment Yes Yes
Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 46.78
Ranked 56th. 67% more than Switzerland
28
Ranked 82nd.
Punishment > Has indefinite sentence Yes Yes
Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 43.84
Ranked 38th. 2 times more than Switzerland
17.67
Ranked 86th.
Prison staff 4.2%
Ranked 1st.
68.4%
Ranked 2nd. 16 times more than India

Prisoners > Share of prison capacity filled 136.5%
Ranked 44th. 69% more than Switzerland
80.9%
Ranked 113th.
Frauds per 1000 0.0385
Ranked 71st.
1.42
Ranked 20th. 37 times more than India
Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses 67
Ranked 15th. 13 times more than Switzerland
5
Ranked 38th.

Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million 0.0586
Ranked 50th.
0.668
Ranked 39th. 11 times more than India

Embezzlements 15,454
Ranked 5th. 6 times more than Switzerland
2,579
Ranked 22nd.
Embezzlements per million 14.35
Ranked 50th.
354.03
Ranked 17th. 25 times more than India
Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees 70.4%
Ranked 8th. 64% more than Switzerland
43%
Ranked 42nd.
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines 6.1
Ranked 78th. 61 times more than Switzerland
0.1
Ranked 118th.
United States extradition treaties > Date signed June 25, 1997 November 14, 1990
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million 0.00567
Ranked 120th.
0.0137
Ranked 115th. 2 times more than India
Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted 67
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Switzerland
12
Ranked 26th.

Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted per million 0.0586
Ranked 41st.
1.6
Ranked 25th. 27 times more than India

SOURCES: Wikipedia: Defense of infancy (Ages of criminal responsibility by country); crime; https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/WDR2011/World_Drug_Report_2011_ebook.pdf, World Drug Report 2011, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 2011, p. 217.; Wikipedia: List of countries by prevalence of opiates use ("World Drug Report 2011" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2011. "World Drug Report 2006" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2006. http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr/WDR_2009/WDR2009_eng_web.pdf); Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; UN Office on Drugs and Crime, UN Survey of Crime Trends, at http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/IHS-rates-05012009.pdf.; Wikipedia: Life imprisonment (Summary by country); World Health Organisation.; Wikipedia: List of United States extradition treaties; International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief; Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Source tables; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Source tables; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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