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Crime Stats: compare key data on Spain & United Kingdom

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Definitions

  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Opiates use: Annual prevalence.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Murders with firearms: Total recorded intentional homicides committed with a firearm. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Murders with firearms per million: Total recorded intentional homicides committed with a firearm. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Total crimes: Note: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Total crimes per 1000: Note: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Murders > WHO: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Lifetime cannabis use: Adult lifetime cannabis use.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Software piracy rate: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drug offences: Drug offence cases per 100,000 population (2000).
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Sentence Length: Total average sentence length served
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Illicit drugs: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Frauds: Total recorded frauds. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Murders committed by youths: Homicide rates among youths aged 10–29 years by country or area: most recent year available (variable 1990–1999).
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Death penalty > Abolition date: Amnesty International
  • Death penalty > Abolition for ordinary crimes: Amnesty International
  • Drugs > HIV testing amongst drug users: Estimated percentage of injecting drug users who have been tested for HIV.
  • Judges and Magistrates: Number of Judges and Magistrates
  • Acquitted: Total acquitted in criminal courts. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users: Percentage of injecting drug users who are HIV positive.
  • Car thefts: Total recorded automobile thefts. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Car thefts per 1000: Total recorded automobile thefts. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Death penalty > Last executed: Amnesty International
  • Murders committed by youths per million: Homicide rates among youths aged 10–29 years by country or area: most recent year available (variable 1990–1999). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Judges and Magistrates per million: Number of Judges and Magistrates. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Acquitted per 1000: Total acquitted in criminal courts. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Murders committed by youths per capita: Homicide rate per 100,000 population aged 10–29 years
  • Manslaughters: Total recorded non-intentional homicides. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Frauds per 1000: Total recorded frauds. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Embezzlements: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Embezzlements per million: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002.
  • Manslaughters per million: Total recorded non-intentional homicides. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
STAT Spain United Kingdom HISTORY
Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 63.06
Ranked 50th. 18% more than United Kingdom
53.35
Ranked 75th.
Crime levels 29.04
Ranked 71st.
48
Ranked 42nd. 65% more than Spain
Drugs > Opiates use 0.6%
Ranked 5th.
0.9%
Ranked 1st. 50% more than Spain
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 69.07
Ranked 19th. 36% more than United Kingdom
50.72
Ranked 47th.
Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 16.48
Ranked 81st.
27.22
Ranked 49th. 65% more than Spain
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 1,975
Ranked 16th. 1% more than United Kingdom
1,953
Ranked 1st.
Murders with firearms 97
Ranked 20th. 7 times more than United Kingdom
14
Ranked 39th.
Murders with firearms per million 2.35
Ranked 40th. 10 times more than United Kingdom
0.236
Ranked 44th.
Total crimes 923,271
Ranked 18th.
6.52 million
Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Spain
Total crimes per 1000 22.35
Ranked 37th.
109.96
Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Spain
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 0.72
Ranked 58th.
1.17
Ranked 74th. 63% more than Spain

Violent crime > Murder rate 390
Ranked 39th.
722
Ranked 34th. 85% more than Spain

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 8.47
Ranked 78th.
11.68
Ranked 94th. 38% more than Spain

Violent crime > Murders 390
Ranked 39th.
722
Ranked 34th. 85% more than Spain

Violent crime > Murders per million people 8.47
Ranked 78th.
11.68
Ranked 94th. 38% more than Spain

Prisoners 59,251 prisoners
Ranked 22nd.
78,753 prisoners
Ranked 15th. 33% more than Spain
Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 22.2
Ranked 77th.
37.35
Ranked 50th. 68% more than Spain
Murders > WHO 1.2
Ranked 150th.
6.6
Ranked 83th. 6 times more than Spain
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 89.89
Ranked 16th. 10% more than United Kingdom
81.85
Ranked 40th.

United States extradition treaties > Entered into force June 16, 1971<br>June 2, 1978<br>July 2, 1993<br>July 25, 1999 January 21, 1977
Drugs > Lifetime cannabis use 28.6%
Ranked 7th.
29.6%
Ranked 2nd. 3% more than Spain
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 24.25
Ranked 79th.
43.09
Ranked 39th. 78% more than Spain
Software piracy rate 43%
Ranked 78th. 65% more than United Kingdom
26%
Ranked 96th.
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 40.93
Ranked 71st.
50.97
Ranked 43th. 25% more than Spain
Drug offences 27.9 per 100,000 people
Ranked 56th.
183,419 per 100,000 people
Ranked 2nd. 6574 times more than Spain
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 38.72
Ranked 64th.
54.57
Ranked 27th. 41% more than Spain
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 56.51
Ranked 61st. 3 times more than United Kingdom
19.71
Ranked 91st.
Sentence Length 30
Ranked 29th.
38.6
Ranked 27th. 29% more than Spain
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 25
Ranked 83th.
45.61
Ranked 32nd. 82% more than Spain
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 34.63
Ranked 61st.
42.18
Ranked 51st. 22% more than Spain
Illicit drugs despite rigorous law enforcement efforts, North African, Latin American, Galician, and other European traffickers take advantage of Spain's long coastline to land large shipments of cocaine and hashish for distribution to the European market; consumer for Latin American cocaine and North African hashish; destination and minor transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin; money-laundering site for Colombian narcotics trafficking organizations and organized crime producer of limited amounts of synthetic drugs and synthetic precursor chemicals; major consumer of Southwest Asian heroin, Latin American cocaine, and synthetic drugs; money-laundering center
Frauds 15,462
Ranked 22nd.
358,186
Ranked 3rd. 23 times more than Spain
Prisoners per 1000 1.43 prisoners
Ranked 62nd. 8% more than United Kingdom
1.33 prisoners
Ranked 65th.
Murders committed by youths 96
Ranked 34th.
139
Ranked 30th. 45% more than Spain
Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 29.81
Ranked 74th.
42.87
Ranked 52nd. 44% more than Spain
Death penalty > Abolition date 1,995
Ranked 4th.
1,998
Ranked 3rd. About the same as Spain
Death penalty > Abolition for ordinary crimes 1,978
Ranked 1st. About the same as United Kingdom
1,973
Ranked 1st.
Drugs > HIV testing amongst drug users 76%
Ranked 3rd. 9% more than United Kingdom
70%
Ranked 6th.
Judges and Magistrates 3,420
Ranked 12th. 3 times more than United Kingdom
1,330
Ranked 24th.
Acquitted 196,600
Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than United Kingdom
54,682
Ranked 5th.
Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users 16.42%
Ranked 12th. 16 times more than United Kingdom
1%
Ranked 51st.

Car thefts 134,584
Ranked 8th.
348,169
Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Spain
Car thefts per 1000 3.26
Ranked 14th.
5.87
Ranked 5th. 80% more than Spain
Death penalty > Last executed 1,975
Ranked 1st. 1% more than United Kingdom
1,964
Ranked 1st.
Murders committed by youths per million 2.4
Ranked 57th. 2% more than United Kingdom
2.37
Ranked 59th.
Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 38.64
Ranked 73th.
41.99
Ranked 69th. 9% more than Spain
Judges and Magistrates per million 82.78
Ranked 40th. 4 times more than United Kingdom
22.42
Ranked 56th.
Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 22.2
Ranked 79th.
31.83
Ranked 64th. 43% more than Spain
Acquitted per 1000 4.76
Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than United Kingdom
0.922
Ranked 11th.
Murders committed by youths per capita 0.8
Ranked 54th.
0.9
Ranked 53th. 13% more than Spain
Manslaughters 95
Ranked 29th. 5 times more than United Kingdom
19
Ranked 49th.
Frauds per 1000 0.374
Ranked 45th.
6.04
Ranked 2nd. 16 times more than Spain
Embezzlements 4,351
Ranked 16th.
18,152
Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Spain
Embezzlements per million 105.32
Ranked 35th.
305.97
Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Spain
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines 12.7
Ranked 52nd.
0.0
Ranked 131st.
Manslaughters per million 2.3
Ranked 51st. 7 times more than United Kingdom
0.32
Ranked 64th.
United States extradition treaties > Date signed May 29, 1970<br>January 25, 1975<br>February 9, 1988<br>March 12, 1996 March 31, 2003<br>June 8, 1972<br>June 25, 1985<br>December 23, 1986
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million 0.307
Ranked 87th.
0.0
Ranked 129th.

SOURCES: crime; Wikipedia: List of countries by prevalence of opiates use ("World Drug Report 2011" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2011. "World Drug Report 2006" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2006. http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr/WDR_2009/WDR2009_eng_web.pdf); Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation.; Wikipedia: List of United States extradition treaties; Mostly Table GPS-8 Part (i) ''Lifetime prevalence of drug use among all adults (aged 15 to 64 years old) in nationwide surveys among the general population'' EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction) unless otherwise referred on Wikipedia: Adult lifetime cannabis use by country; Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; World Health Organization: World report on violence and health, 2002; Last updated: 01/04/03; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Source tables; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Source tables; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); World Health Organization: World report on violence and health, 2002. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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