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Vietnam

Vietnam Labor Stats

jaacosta47

Author: jaacosta47

The National Assembly of Vietnam passed the new Labor Code on June 18, 2012 which took effect on May 1, 2013. This came about after protracted debates, concessions, and a number of redrafts. The policy replaced the Labor Code of 1994 with the objective of enhancing the labor market and industrial relations in the country. However, the new Code allegedly strengthens the position of employees and reduces management flexibility from the point of view of employers. The new legislation brings in major developments associated with labor contracts, working hours, labor outsourcing, internal labor rules, and hiring of foreign employees.

Some of the Code’s provisions include increasing minimum salary level during probation from 70 to 85 percent of the full salary; adding an additional day to the Lunar New Year holiday; and, programming 10 public holidays for workers. Thus, employees are entitled to fully paid leaves during these days. The maternity leave has also been increased from four to six months. The new law also amends existing provisions like the regulation of overtime work and collective labor agreements.

Trade unions in Vietnam believe that these changes to the Labor Code and its guiding rules have an obvious partiality towards trade union involvement in certain labor-related matters. For instance, a trade union has to comment on provisions of a company's internal labor regulations before being registered. The absence of a registered ILR renders an employer's disciplinary action against employees without legal basis. Therefore, the ILR should state openly that participation in unsanctioned strikes is subject to discipline. Without this clause, a company may not be able to terminate an employee even if the individual was absent from work without valid reasons. Strikes in Vietnam are considered illegal since proper industrial action must be organized by a trade union.

Definitions

  • CPIA transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector rating > 1=low to 6=high: CPIA transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector rating (1=low to 6=high). Transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector assess the extent to which the executive can be held accountable for its use of funds and for the results of its actions by the electorate and by the legislature and judiciary, and the extent to which public employees within the executive are required to account for administrative decisions, use of resources, and results obtained. The three main dimensions assessed here are the accountability of the executive to oversight institutions and of public employees for their performance, access of civil society to information on public affairs, and state capture by narrow vested interests.
  • Child labor > Both sexes: Percentage of all children 5-11 years old who do at least one hour of econmic activity a week or at least 28 hours of househould chores. Children 12-14 are included if they peformed at least 14 hours of economic activiy or at least 28 hours of household chores.
  • Child labor > Boys: Percentage of male children 5-11 years old who do at least one hour of econmic activity a week or at least 28 hours of househould chores. Children 12-14 are included if they peformed at least 14 hours of economic activiy or at least 28 hours of household chores.
  • Child labor rate > Boys: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Economic activity > Both sexes aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in agriculture.
  • Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in industry.
  • Employment > Percent of population are employees > Men: Number of male self-reported employees (formal or informal), expressed as a percentage of the total male employed population.
  • Employment > Percent of population are employees > Women: Number of female self-reported employees (formal or informal), expressed as a percentage of the total female employed population.
  • Employment rate > Adults: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Employment rate > Men: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Employment rate > Women: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
  • Employment rate > Young adults: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Employment rate > Young men: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Employment rate > Young women: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
  • Female economic activity: Female economic activity rate (aged 15 and above) in 2000.
  • Female economic activity growth: The % change in the female economic activity rate (aged 15 and above) from 1990 to 2000.
  • Female retirement age: Women.

    China had range specified: 50-55

    Czech Republic had range specified: 59-63

    Denmark had range specified: 65-67

    Finland had range specified: 62-68

    Greece had range specified: 60-67

    Netherlands had range specified: 65-67

    Sweden had range specified: 61-67

    United States had range specified: 62-67

  • Firing cost > Weeks of wages: Firing cost is the cost of advance notice requirements, severance payments, and penalties due when terminating a redundant worker, expressed in weekly wages. One month is recorded as 4 1/3 weeks.
  • Force > Total: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
  • Force > Total > Per capita: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • GDP per person employed > Constant 1990 PPP $: GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 1990 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
  • GNI > Constant LCU: GNI (constant LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.
  • GNI > Constant LCU per capita: GNI (constant LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GNI > Current LCU: GNI (current LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.
  • GNI > Current US$: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • GNI > Current US$ per capita: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GNI per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GNI per capita (constant 2000 US$). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • GNI per capita > Constant LCU: GNI per capita (constant LCU). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Hours worked > Standard workweek: Standard workweek (hours).
  • Labor force: The total labor force figure
  • Labor force > By occupation: Component parts of the labor force by occupation.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Industry: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Services: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
  • Labor force > Per capita: The total labor force figure Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Labor force > Total: Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organisation definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector."
  • Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Both sexes: Percentage of unemployed people out of total population able to work. Workers not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage. 
  • Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Men: Percentage of unemployed men out of total male population able to work. Men not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
  • Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Women: Percentage of unemployed women out of total female population able to work. Women not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men: Employment-to-population ratio, men, percentage.
  • Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women: Employment-to-population ratio, women, percentage.
  • Labor force per 1000: The total labor force figure. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Labor force, total: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
  • Labor force, total per 1000: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Male retirement age: Men.

    Denmark had range specified: 65-67

    Finland had range specified: 62-68

    Netherlands had range specified: 65-67

    Sweden had range specified: 61-67

    United States had range specified: 62-67

  • Net income from abroad > Current US$: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Rigidity of employment index: The rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more rigid regulations.
  • Rigidity of employment index > 0=less rigid to 100=more rigid: The rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more rigid regulations."
  • Salaries and benefits > Hourly minimum wage: Hourly minimum wage at international USD (this means that discrepancies in purchasing power have been compensated for).
  • Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage: Minimum wage.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Salaries and benefits > Workers earning less than $1 per day: Percentage of workers earning less than the equivalent of one USD per day.
  • Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Men: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage.
  • Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Women: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women, percentage.
  • Unemployment > Youth unemployment, both sexes: Percentage of population aged 15-24 that is unemployed. 
  • Unemployment rate: The percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.
STAT AMOUNT DATE RANK HISTORY
CPIA transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector rating > 1=low to 6=high 3 2012 43th out of 80
Child labor > Both sexes 7% 2011 68th out of 100
Child labor > Boys 7% 2011 71st out of 98
Child labor rate > Boys 21 2006 15th out of 21
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 30-34 93.49% 2010 23th out of 165
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 65 plus 33.09% 2010 60th out of 165
Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Men > Aged above 14 55.9% 2004 1st out of 79
Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Men > Aged above 14 20.8% 2004 71st out of 79
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Men 29.8% 2004 75th out of 76
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Women 21.2% 2004 75th out of 76
Employment rate > Adults 69.4 2008 28th out of 165
Employment rate > Men 73.8 2008 62nd out of 164
Employment rate > Women 65.3 2008 21st out of 164
Employment rate > Young adults 51.1 2008 44th out of 165
Employment rate > Young men 51.8 2008 68th out of 164
Employment rate > Young women 50.3 2008 33th out of 164
Female economic activity 73.8% 2000 14th out of 156
Female economic activity growth -3% 2000 147th out of 156
Female retirement age 55 2011 29th out of 31
Firing cost > Weeks of wages 86.7 weeks of wages 2006 33th out of 163
Force > Total 44.04 million 2005 11th out of 181
Force > Total > Per capita 0.53 per capita 2005 16th out of 181
GDP per person employed > Constant 1990 PPP $ $5,676.00 2008 90th out of 115
GNI > Constant LCU 2,303.89 trillion 2012 2nd out of 106
GNI > Constant LCU per capita 25.95 million 2012 1st out of 106
GNI > Current LCU 3,102.55 trillion 2012 2nd out of 176
GNI > Current US$ $148.96 billion 2012 51st out of 176
GNI > Current US$ per capita $1,677.95 2012 128th out of 176
GNI per capita > Constant 2000 US$ $940.80 2012 85th out of 104
GNI per capita > Constant LCU 25.95 million 2012 1st out of 106
Hours worked > Standard workweek 40 hours 2014 106th out of 183
Labor force 46.21 million 2010 13th out of 116
Labor force > By occupation agriculture 63%, industry and services 37% 2000
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture 53.9% 2009 3rd out of 17
Labor force > By occupation > Industry 20.3% 2009 12th out of 18
Labor force > By occupation > Services 25.8% 2009 16th out of 17
Labor force > Per capita 544.44 per 1,000 people 2007 20th out of 163
Labor force > Total 45.61 million 2008 13th out of 175
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Both sexes 75.8% 2011 3rd out of 79
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Men 80.6% 2011 4th out of 76
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Women 71.3% 2011 3rd out of 76
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men 80.6% 2011 4th out of 76
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women 71.3% 2011 3rd out of 76
Labor force per 1000 531.56 2010 17th out of 114
Labor force, total 52.86 million 2012 11th out of 182
Labor force, total per 1000 595.43 2012 7th out of 182
Male retirement age 60 2011 29th out of 31
Net income from abroad > Current US$ $-6,859,323,986.94 2012 137th out of 163
Rigidity of employment index 37 2006 83th out of 165
Rigidity of employment index > 0=less rigid to 100=more rigid 21 2009 96th out of 172
Salaries and benefits > Hourly minimum wage $0.56 2012 127th out of 148
Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage author= |url= http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/society/89621/minimum-wage-to-increase-from-2014.html/ |title=Minimum wage to increase from 2014 - News VietNamNet |publisher=English.vietnamnet.vn |date= |accessdate=2014-03-04}}</ref> 2014
Salaries and benefits > Workers earning less than $1 per day 12% 2008 5th out of 19
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Men 69.5% 2004 3rd out of 85
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Women 78.5% 2004 3rd out of 85
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, both sexes 4.6% 2004 81st out of 83
Unemployment rate 2.9% 2010 85th out of 91

SOURCES: World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).; United Nations Children's Fund. Source tables; Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.; Economic activity rate and economically active population, by sex, thirteen age groups, 1950-2010 (ILO estimates and projections) are data from the International Labour Union (ILO). Source details: ILO, Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, fourth edition, diskette database (Geneva, 1997). The latest set of estimates and projections covering the period 1950-2010 (4th edition) was released by ILO in December 1996. These data are updated every five-ten years by ILO and a new set of these data is in preparation; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Labour Organisation, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; calculated on the basis of data on the economically active population and total population from ILO (International Labour Organization). 2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; Wikipedia: Retirement age (Retirement age); World Development Indicators database; World Bank national accounts data; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of minimum wages by country (Countries) ("Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2013" . State.gov . Retrieved 2014-03-04 .); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; International Labour Organisation, using World Bank population estimates.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; Wikipedia: List of minimum wages by country (Countries); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables

Citation

NationMaster

6

The National Assembly of Vietnam passed the new Labor Code on June 18, 2012 which took effect on May 1, 2013. This came about after protracted debates, concessions, and a number of redrafts. The policy replaced the Labor Code of 1994 with the objective of enhancing the labor market and industrial relations in the country. However, the new Code allegedly strengthens the position of employees and reduces management flexibility from the point of view of employers. The new legislation brings in major developments associated with labor contracts, working hours, labor outsourcing, internal labor rules, and hiring of foreign employees.

Some of the Code’s provisions include increasing minimum salary level during probation from 70 to 85 percent of the full salary; adding an additional day to the Lunar New Year holiday; and, programming 10 public holidays for workers. Thus, employees are entitled to fully paid leaves during these days. The maternity leave has also been increased from four to six months. The new law also amends existing provisions like the regulation of overtime work and collective labor agreements.

Trade unions in Vietnam believe that these changes to the Labor Code and its guiding rules have an obvious partiality towards trade union involvement in certain labor-related matters. For instance, a trade union has to comment on provisions of a company's internal labor regulations before being registered. The absence of a registered ILR renders an employer's disciplinary action against employees without legal basis. Therefore, the ILR should state openly that participation in unsanctioned strikes is subject to discipline. Without this clause, a company may not be able to terminate an employee even if the individual was absent from work without valid reasons. Strikes in Vietnam are considered illegal since proper industrial action must be organized by a trade union.

Posted on 19 May 2014

jaacosta47

jaacosta47

423 Stat enthusiast

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