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Administrative divisions 7 provinces (oblastlar, singular - oblasty) and 1 city* (shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty, Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol) note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Administrative divisions > A note administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Administrative divisions > Note administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Ambassadors from Finland > Current Finnish Ambassadors > Ambassador	Marja-Liisa Kiljunen
Capital city	Bishkek
Capital city > Geographic coordinates	42 52 N, 74 36 E
Capital city > Name	Bishkek
Capital city > Time difference UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Constitution adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President Askar AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February 2003 significantly expanded the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature; during large-scale demonstrations in November 2006, President BAKIEV and the opposition negotiated a new constitution granting greater powers to the parliament and the government; amendments added on 30 December 2006 redistributed some power back to the president, but both November and December 2006 versions were annulled in September 2007, and a new version was approved by referendum on 21 October 2007; the BAKIEV-initiated referendum was criticized by Western observers for voting irregularities, particularly ballot stuffing
Copyright > Reference	Art. 27,
Corruption	2.3		[137th of 160]
countries' copyright length > Usual term of copyright protection	50 pma
CPIA equity of public resource use rating	3.5		[22nd of 75]
CPIA quality of public administration rating	2.5		[66th of 75]
date of transition to republican system of government > Republic since	March 15, 1917
Diplomatic representation from the US > Chief of mission Ambassador Tatiana C. GFOELLER
Diplomatic representation from the US > Embassy 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016
Diplomatic representation from the US > FAX	[996] (312) 551-264
Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address use embassy street address
Diplomatic representation from the US > Telephone [996] (312) 551-241, (517) 777-217
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery 2360 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission Ambassador Zamira SYDYKOVA
Diplomatic representation in the US > Consulate(s)	New York
Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX	[1] (202) 386-7550
Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone	[1] (202) 449-9822
Elections > Head of state	Direct election
Executive branch > Cabinet Cabinet of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president; ministers in charge of defense and security, appointed solely by the president
Executive branch > Chief of state President Kurmanbek BAKIEV (since 14 August 2005)
Executive branch > Election results Kurmanbek BAKIEV elected president; percent of vote - Kurmanbek BAKIEV 88.6%, Tursunbai BAKIR-UULU 3.9%, other candidates 7.5%
Executive branch > Elections Kurmanbek BAKIEV elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 10 July 2005 (next scheduled for 2010); prime minister nominated by the parliamentary party holding more than 50% of the seats; if no such party exists, the president selects the party that will nominate a prime minister
Executive branch > Head of government Prime Minister Igor CHUDINOV (since 24 December 2007)
Flag description red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt
Flag modification	3		[179th of 197]
foreign consulates in Edinburgh, Scotland > Consulate Address	26 Biggar Road
Foreign relations > Croatia > Date of Establishment	December 23, 1996
Foreign relations > Nepal > Date of Establishment	March 26, 1993
General government final consumption expenditure > annual % growth	-0.76 %		[102nd of 147]
General government final consumption expenditure > constant 2000 US$	284,138,900 constant 2000 US$		[100th of 145]
General government final consumption expenditure > constant 2000 US$ (per capita)	55.242 constant 2000 US$ per c		[92nd of 146]
General government final consumption expenditure > constant LCU	3846465000
General government final consumption expenditure > current LCU	18872600000
General government final consumption expenditure > current US$	460,105,300 $		[116th of 169]
General government final consumption expenditure > current US$ (per $ GDP)	0.189 $ per $1 of GDP		[43rd of 184]
General government final consumption expenditure > current US$ (per capita)	89.454 $ per capita		[110th of 184]
Government type	republic
Independence 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Independence Day > Date	August 31
International organization participation ADB, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, MINURCAT, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Constitutional Court (judges of both the Supreme and Constitutional Courts are appointed for 10-year terms by the Jorgorku Kengesh on the recommendation of the president; their mandatory retirement age is 70 years); Higher Court of Arbitration; Local Courts (judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Council on Legal Affairs for a probationary period of five years, then 10 years)
Legal origin	Socialist
Legal system based on French and Russian laws; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Supreme Council or Jorgorku Kengesh (90 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
Legislative branch > A note the legislature became bicameral for the 5 February 1995 elections; the 2000 election results include both the Assembly of People's Representatives and the Legislative Assembly
Legislative branch > Election results Supreme Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Ak Jol 71, Social Democratic Party 11, KCP 8
Legislative branch > Elections last held 16 December 2007 (next to be held in 2012)
Legislative branch > Note the legislature became bicameral for the 5 February 1995 elections; the 2000 election results include both the Assembly of People's Representatives and the Legislative Assembly
Management time dealing with officials > % of management time	6.11 %		[10th of 38]
National holiday Independence Day, 31 August
Parliamentary seats > Female	1%		[135th of 143]
Policy uncertainty > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint	32.18 %		[8th of 38]
political parties > Multi party	•
Political parties and leaders Ak Jol [Avtandil ARABAYEV, Elmira IBRAIMOVA, Vladimir NIFADYEV, co-chairs]; Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Emil ALIYEV]; Asaba (Banner National Revival Party) [Azimbek BEKNAZAROV]; Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Democratic Movement of Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Viktor TCHETRNOMORETS]; Erkindik (Freedom) Party [Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV]; Moya Strana (My Country Party of Action) [Medet SADYRKULOV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan or KCP [Ishak MASALIYEV]; Party of Justice and Progress [Muratbek IMANALIEV]; Party of Peasants [Esengul ISAKOV]; Republican Party of Labor and Unity [Tabaldy OROZALIYEV]; Sanjira (Tree of Life) [Ednan KARABAYEV]; Social Democratic Party [Almaz ATAMBAYEV]; Union of Democratic Forces [Kubatbek BAIBOLOV]
Political pressure groups and leaders Adilet Legal Clinic [Cholpon JAKUPOVA]; Coalition for Democracy and Civil Society [Dinara OSHURAKHUNOVA]; Interbilim [Asiya SASYKBAYEVA]
Post-Soviet states > Political problems > Government and Tax > Average	59.62		[6th of 15]
Prime minister	Feliks Kulov
Procedures to build a warehouse > number	20		[48th of 168]
Procedures to build a warehouse > number (per capita)	3.888 per 1 million people		[65th of 170]
Procedures to enforce a contract > number	44		[36th of 170]
Procedures to enforce a contract > number (per capita)	8.554 per 1 million people		[57th of 171]
Procedures to register property > number	7		[66th of 167]
Procedures to register property > number (per capita)	1,360.941 per 1 billion people		[56th of 167]
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament > %	3.2 %		[167th of 174]
Start-up procedures to register a business > number	8		[113rd of 171]
Start-up procedures to register a business > number (per capita)	1.555 per 1 million people		[76th of 171]
Status	pseudo-democracy
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal
Time required to build a warehouse > days	218 days		[58th of 168]
Time required to enforce a contract > days	140 days		[169th of 171]
Time required to register property > days	8 days		[154th of 167]
Time required to start a business > days	21 days		[130th of 171]
Time to prepare and pay taxes > hours	204 hours		[105th of 169]
Time to resolve insolvency > years	4 years		[37th of 151]
Trademarks, nonresidents	345		[46th of 99]
Trademarks, nonresidents (per capita)	0.068 per 1 million people		[39th of 146]
Trademarks, residents	133		[50th of 98]
Trademarks, residents (per capita)	0.026 per 1 million people		[48th of 142]
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International Kyrgyzstan has yet to ratify the 2001 boundary delimitation with Kazakhstan; disputes in Isfara Valley delay completion of delimitation with Tajikistan; delimitation of 130 km of border with Uzbekistan is hampered by serious disputes around enclaves and other areas
UN membership date	2 Mar. 1992
United Nations mission http://www.kyrgyzstan.org/ http://www.1upinfo.com/country-guide-study/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan55.html
Washington, D.C. embassies > Neighborhood Georgetown

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