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Administrative divisions 7 provinces (oblastlar, singular - oblasty) and 1 city* (shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty, Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol) note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Capital city > Geographic coordinates	42 52 N, 74 36 E
Definition: Government > Capital city > Geographic coordinates
Constitution adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President Askar AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February 2003 significantly expanded the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature; during large-scale demonstrations in November 2006, President BAKIEV and the opposition negotiated a new constitution granting greater powers to the parliament and the government; amendments added on 30 December 2006 redistributed some power back to the president, but both November and December 2006 versions were annulled in September 2007, and a new version was approved by referendum on 21 October 2007; the BAKIEV-initiated referendum was criticized by Western observers for voting irregularities, particularly ballot stuffing
Definition: Government > Constitution
Corruption	2.3		[137th of 160]
Definition: Government > Corruption
Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address use embassy street address
Definition: Government > Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address
Executive branch > Cabinet Cabinet of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, appointed by the president; ministers in charge of defense and security, appointed solely by the president
Definition: Government > Executive branch > Cabinet
Executive branch > Chief of state President Kurmanbek BAKIEV (since 14 August 2005)
Definition: Government > Executive branch > Chief of state
Flag description red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt
Definition: Government > Flag description
Government type	republic
Definition: Government > Government type
Independence 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Definition: Government > Independence
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Constitutional Court (judges of both the Supreme and Constitutional Courts are appointed for 10-year terms by the Jorgorku Kengesh on the recommendation of the president; their mandatory retirement age is 70 years); Higher Court of Arbitration; Local Courts (judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Council on Legal Affairs for a probationary period of five years, then 10 years)
Definition: Government > Judicial branch
Legal system based on French and Russian laws; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Definition: Government > Legal system
Legislative branch unicameral Supreme Council or Jorgorku Kengesh (90 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
Definition: Government > Legislative branch
Parliamentary seats > Female	1%		[135th of 143]
Definition: Government > Parliamentary seats > Female
Political parties and leaders Ak Jol [Avtandil ARABAYEV, Elmira IBRAIMOVA, Vladimir NIFADYEV, co-chairs]; Ar-Namys (Dignity) Party [Emil ALIYEV]; Asaba (Banner National Revival Party) [Azimbek BEKNAZAROV]; Ata-Meken (Fatherland) [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Democratic Movement of Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Viktor TCHETRNOMORETS]; Erkindik (Freedom) Party [Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV]; Moya Strana (My Country Party of Action) [Medet SADYRKULOV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan or KCP [Ishak MASALIYEV]; Party of Justice and Progress [Muratbek IMANALIEV]; Party of Peasants [Esengul ISAKOV]; Republican Party of Labor and Unity [Tabaldy OROZALIYEV]; Sanjira (Tree of Life) [Ednan KARABAYEV]; Social Democratic Party [Almaz ATAMBAYEV]; Union of Democratic Forces [Kubatbek BAIBOLOV]
Definition: Government > Political parties and leaders
Status	pseudo-democracy
Definition: Government > Status
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal
Definition: Government > Suffrage
Time required to start a business > days	21 days		[130th of 171]
Definition: Government > Time required to start a business > days
Trademarks, residents	133		[50th of 98]
Definition: Government > Trademarks, residents
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International Kyrgyzstan has yet to ratify the 2001 boundary delimitation with Kazakhstan; disputes in Isfara Valley delay completion of delimitation with Tajikistan; delimitation of 130 km of border with Uzbekistan is hampered by serious disputes around enclaves and other areas
Definition: Government > Transnational Issues > Disputes > International

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