FACTOID # 4: The total area of Australia’s coral reefs is greater than the total area of any of 130 individual countries, including Slovakia, the Dominican Republic, Kuwait, Singapore, and Rwanda.
 
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Europe > Spain > Environment

SPANISH ENVIRONMENT STATS:   Top Stats   All Stats  
View this page with:    Just Stats   Sources   Definitions   Both  
Acidification 3.65% [34th of 141]
Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI 0.2 % of GNI Time series [135th of 179]
Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage > % of GNI 0.4 % of GNI Time series [74th of 165]
Areas under protection 328 [23rd of 146]
    Areas under protection (per capita) 8.13069 per 1 million people [47th of 146]
Biosphere reserves area 1,181 thousand hectares [35th of 86]
    Biosphere reserves area (per capita) 29.2754 thousand hectares per 1 [46th of 86]
Breeding birds threatened 2.52% [68th of 136]
Carbon efficiency 1 CO2 emissions/$ GDP [81st of 141]
CO2 Emissions 304,882 [16th of 178]
    CO2 Emissions (per capita) 7.55763 per 1,000 people [36th of 176]
CO2 emissions > kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP 0.32 kg/PPP$ Time series [83rd of 170]
CO2 emissions > kt 309,160.9 kt Time series [17th of 195]
    CO2 emissions > kt (per capita) 7.36 kt per 1,000 people Time series [49th of 196]
Current issues
pollution of the Mediterranean Sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas; water quality and quantity nationwide; air pollution; deforestation; desertification
Ecological footprint 5.5 [26th of 141]
Endangered species protection 100% [23rd of 141]
Environmental agreement compliance 4.87 [23rd of 70]
Fertiliser consumption 1,475.35 hundred grams/hectare [36th of 141]
Forest area > % of land area 35.89 % of land area Time series [74th of 195]
Forest area > sq. km 179,150 km² Time series [32nd of 195]
    Forest area > sq. km (per capita) 4,128.056 km² per 1,000 people Time series [85th of 195]
Freshwater withdrawal 37.22 Time series [1st of 124]
Freshwater withdrawal > Agricultural 68% Time series [4th of 124]
Freshwater withdrawal > Domestic 13% Time series [9th of 124]
Freshwater withdrawal > Industrial 19% Time series [7th of 124]
Groundwater withdrawals 137.2 [37th of 188]
International agreements > Party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
International agreements > Signed but not ratified
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
Known breeding bird species 281 [25th of 146]
    Known breeding bird species (per capita) 6.96562 per 1 million people [112nd of 146]
Known mammal species 82 [105th of 145]
    Known mammal species (per capita) 2.03267 per 1 million people [130th of 145]
Kyoto Protocol > Results to date > EU Assigned Objective > for 2012 15 % [3rd of 7]
Kyoto Protocol > Treaty Obligation 2008-2012 -8% [4th of 9]
Marine areas under protection 27 [17th of 95]
    Marine areas under protection (per capita) 0.669294 per 1 million people [39th of 95]
Marine fish catch 1,017,200 tons [16th of 141]
    Marine fish catch (per capita) 25.2151 tons per 1,000 people [24th of 141]
Non-wildness 10.33% [40th of 141]
NOx emissions per populated area 0.44 thousand metric tons/squ [41st of 141]
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions > kg per day 352,902.8 kg/day Time series [6th of 115]
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions > kg per day per worker 0.15 kg per day per worker Time series [26th of 115]
PM10, country level > micrograms per cubic meter 33.25 mcg/m³ Time series [112nd of 185]
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 74,691 [18th of 199]
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 81 [19th of 25]
    Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 (per $ GDP) 0.00863908 per $100 million [17th of 25]
    Pollution > Carbon Dioxide from fossil fuels 2000 (per capita) 2.00788 per 1 million people [16th of 25]
Pollution > Carbon Dioxide per capita 6 [26th of 29]
Pollution > Municipal Waste per capita 390 [23rd of 29]
Pollution > Nitrogen Oxides per capita 32 [17th of 29]
Pollution > Nuclear waste 192 [9th of 16]
Pollution > Nuclear waste efficiency 0.9 [14th of 16]
Pollution > Nuclear waste per capita 4.3 [14th of 16]
Protected area 8.4 [48th of 147]
Red Kite > Populations and trends > Pairs 3328–4044
Red Kite > Populations and trends > Trend –
Red Kite > Populations and trends > Year 1994
SO2 emissions per populated area 1,310 thousand metric tons/squ [45th of 141]
SO2 exports 5,201 hundred metric tons [4th of 141]
Sustainability-satisfying companies 63.4% [6th of 31]
Threatened species > Mammal 19 [37th of 160]
Total renewable water resources 111.1 cu km Time series [9th of 31]
Urban NO2 concentration 32.36 micrograms/m3 [114th of 141]
Urban SO2 concentration 11 micrograms/m3 [126th of 141]
Water > Availability 2.33 thousand cubic metres [77th of 141]
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration 8.35 mls/litre [55th of 141]
Water > Freshwater pollution 3.7 tons/cubic km [15th of 69]
Water > Phosphorus concentration 0.5 mls/litre [31st of 141]
Water > Salinisation 927.14 [45th of 141]
Water > Severe water stress 72.3 [26th of 140]
Water > Suspended solids 4.04 mls/litre [102nd of 141]
Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions 9.47 % Time series [12th of 114]
Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.39 % Time series [6th of 112]
Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions 39.6 % Time series [22nd of 114]
Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions 7.47 % Time series [9th of 94]
Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions 9.61 % Time series [7th of 107]
Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions 20.57 % Time series [6th of 111]
Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions 8.58 % Time series [21st of 114]
Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions 4.31 % Time series [7th of 114]
Wetlands of intl importance > Area 158 thousand hectares [56th of 112]
    Wetlands of intl importance > Area (per capita) 3.91661 thousand hectares per 1 m [78th of 112]
Wildness 3.43% [71st of 141]

SOURCES: Stockholm Environment Institute at York, Acidification in Developing Countries: Ecosystem Sensitivity and the Critical Loads Approach at the Global scale, 2000 via ciesin.org; World Development Indicators database; World Resources Institute; 2000 IUCN Red List, and World Resources Institute,World Resources 2000-2001, Washington, DC: WRI, 2000. Original sources: World Conservation Monitoring Center, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and other sources.; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Living Planet Report 2000, Gland, Switzerland: 2000, and Redefining Progress.; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Report on National Reports Required Under Article VIII, Paragraph 7(a), of the Convention, Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties, Gigiri, Kenya, April 2000; Michael E. Porter et al, The Global Competitveness Report 2001. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. via ciesin.org; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001. via ciesin.org; ; Wikipedia: Kyoto Protocol ; Wikipedia: Kyoto Protocol; FAOSTAT on-line database; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the last wild places on the earth's surface. Accessed via ciesin.org; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, Data Version 1.1, B1Illustrative Marker Scenario with model IMAGE; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication; U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual, 2002, and International Energy Outlook, 2001; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, OECD Environmental Data Compendium; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France, OECD Environmental Data Compendium, 1999; Jacaranda Atlas; Wikipedia: Red Kite ; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, RAINS-ASIA and Co-operative Programme formonitoring and evaluation of the long range transmission of air pollutants in Europe (EMEP) via ciesin.org; Assessment of the Country Allocation of the Dow Jones Sustainability Group Index, SAM SustainabilityGroup via ciesin.org; World Resources Institute, World Resources 1998-99; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2000; WHO,Air Management Information System-AMIS 2.0, 1998; and Global Urban Observatory, Citibase, 1999. via ciesin.org; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGAP 2.1B, 2001 via ciesin.org; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen,R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001, Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001 (for BOD emissions)and Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGap 2.1, 2000 (for data on waterquantity). via ciesin.org; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen, R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGap 2.1, 2000 via ciesin.org; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the lastwild places on the earth's surface. via ciesin.org

ALTERNATIVE NAMES: Spain, Kingdom of Spain, Espana

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