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> % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint	20 %		[15th of 38]
View time series
Bribe payers index	3.1		[19th of 19]
DEFINITION: The index ranks the leading exporting countries in terms of the degree to which their companies are perceived to be paying bribes. The scale is from 0 to 10, where 10 represents negligible bribery and 0 a very high level of bribery. Based on a survey of nearly 800 business executives conducted in 14 emerging-market countries.
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Corruption > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint	27.33 %		[15th of 39]
DEFINITION: Corruption measures the share of senior managers who ranked corruption as a major or very severe constraint.		View time series
SOURCE: Transparency International
Courts > % of managers surveyed lacking confidence in courts to uphold property rights	17.55 %		[15th of 39]
DEFINITION: Lack confidence that courts uphold property rights is the share of senior managers who do not agree with the statement: “I am confident that the judicial system will enforce my contractual and property rights in business disputes.”		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Courts > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint	24.93 %		[6th of 39]
DEFINITION: Courts measure the share of senior managers who ranked courts and dispute resolution systems as a major or very severe constraint.		View time series
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Drug offences	3.9 per 100,000 people		[33rd of 46]
DEFINITION: Drug offence cases per 100,000 population (2000).
SOURCE: World Development Indicators database
Executions	470 executions		[1st of 22]
DEFINITION: Number of known executions in the country (Data is for 2007). Because these figures include only documented cases; the true figures are likely to be higher in many countries.
SOURCE: The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention)
Judges and Magistrates	204,096		[1st of 35]
DEFINITION: Number of Judges and Magistrates
SOURCE: Amnesty International
Prisoners	1,549,000 prisoners		[2nd of 168]
DEFINITION: Total persons incarcerated
SOURCE: The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention)
Prisoners > Female	4.4%		[57th of 134]
DEFINITION: Female prisoners, expressed as a percentage share of the total prison population. Data for 2003.
SOURCE: The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention)
Prisoners > Foreign prisoners	0.03%		[84th of 86]
DEFINITION: Prisoners who are foreign nationals, expressed as a percentage share of total prison population. Data for 2003.
SOURCE: International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief
Prisoners > Per capita	119 per 100,000 people		[71st of 164]
DEFINITION: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
SOURCE: International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief
Software piracy rate	82%		[20th of 107]
DEFINITION: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
SOURCE: International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief
Transnational Issues > Trafficking in persons > Current situation China is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labor; the majority of trafficking in China occurs within the country's borders, but there is also considerable international trafficking of Chinese citizens to Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, and North America; Chinese women are lured abroad through false promises of legitimate employment, only to be forced into commercial sexual exploitation, largely in Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, and Japan; women and children are trafficked to China from Mongolia, Burma, North Korea, Russia, and Vietnam for forced labor, marriage, and prostitution; some North Korean women and children seeking to leave their country voluntarily cross the border into China and are then sold into prostitution, marriage, or forced labor
DEFINITION: Trafficking in persons is modern-day slavery, involving victims who are forced, defrauded, or coerced into labor or sexual exploitation. The International Labor Organization (ILO), the UN agency charged with addressing labor standards, employment, and social protection issues, estimates that 12.3 million people worldwide are enslaved in forced labor, bonded labor, forced child labor, sexual servitude, and involuntary servitude at any given time. Human trafficking is a multi-dimensional threat, depriving people of their human rights and freedoms, risking global health, promoting social breakdown, inhibiting development by depriving countries of their human capital, and helping fuel the growth of organized crime. In 2000, the US Congress passed the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA), reauthorized in 2003 and 2005, which provides tools for the US to combat trafficking in persons, both domestically and abroad. One of the law's key components is the creation of the US Department of State's annual Trafficking in Persons Report, which assesses the government response in some 150 countries with a significant number of victims trafficked across their borders who are recruited, harbored, transported, provided, or obtained for forced labor or sexual exploitation. Countries in the annual report are rated in three tiers, based on government efforts to combat trafficking. The countries identified in this entry are those listed in the 2006 Trafficking in Persons Report as Tier 2 Watch List or Tier 3 based on the following definitions: Tier 2 Watch List countries do not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but are making significant efforts to do so, and meet one of the following criteria: 1. they display a high or significantly increasing number victims, 2. they have failed to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in persons, or, 3. they have committed to take action over the next year. Tier 3 countries neither satisfy the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking nor demonstrate a significant effort to do so. Countries in this tier are subject to potential non-humanitarian and non-trade sanctions.		View time series
SOURCE: Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study
Transnational Issues > Trafficking in persons > Tier rating Tier 2 Watch List - China is on the Tier 2 Watch List for the fourth consecutive year for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat human trafficking, particularly in terms of punishment of trafficking crimes and the protection of Chinese and foreign victims of trafficking; victims are sometimes punished for unlawful acts that were committed as a direct result of their being trafficked, such as violations of prostitution or immigration/emigration controls; the Chinese Government continued to treat North Korean victims of trafficking solely as economic migrants, routinely deporting them back to horrendous conditions in North Korea; additional challenges facing the Chinese Government include the enormous size of its trafficking problem and the significant level of corruption and complicity in trafficking by some local government officials
DEFINITION: Trafficking in persons is modern-day slavery, involving victims who are forced, defrauded, or coerced into labor or sexual exploitation. The International Labor Organization (ILO), the UN agency charged with addressing labor standards, employment, and social protection issues, estimates that 12.3 million people worldwide are enslaved in forced labor, bonded labor, forced child labor, sexual servitude, and involuntary servitude at any given time. Human trafficking is a multi-dimensional threat, depriving people of their human rights and freedoms, risking global health, promoting social breakdown, inhibiting development by depriving countries of their human capital, and helping fuel the growth of organized crime. In 2000, the US Congress passed the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA), reauthorized in 2003 and 2005, which provides tools for the US to combat trafficking in persons, both domestically and abroad. One of the law's key components is the creation of the US Department of State's annual Trafficking in Persons Report, which assesses the government response in some 150 countries with a significant number of victims trafficked across their borders who are recruited, harbored, transported, provided, or obtained for forced labor or sexual exploitation. Countries in the annual report are rated in three tiers, based on government efforts to combat trafficking. The countries identified in this entry are those listed in the 2006 Trafficking in Persons Report as Tier 2 Watch List or Tier 3 based on the following definitions: Tier 2 Watch List countries do not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but are making significant efforts to do so, and meet one of the following criteria: 1. they display a high or significantly increasing number victims, 2. they have failed to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in persons, or, 3. they have committed to take action over the next year. Tier 3 countries neither satisfy the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking nor demonstrate a significant effort to do so. Countries in this tier are subject to potential non-humanitarian and non-trade sanctions.		View time series
SOURCE: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008

Interesting facts on Chinese Crime

• Two-thirds of the world\'s executions occur in China.

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