| ESTONIAN GOVERNMENT STATS: |
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Administrative divisions
15 counties (maakonnad, singular - maakond): Harjumaa (Tallinn), Hiiumaa (Kardla), Ida-Virumaa (Johvi), Jarvamaa (Paide), Jogevamaa (Jogeva), Laanemaa (Haapsalu), Laane-Virumaa (Rakvere), Parnumaa (Parnu), Polvamaa (Polva), Raplamaa (Rapla), Saaremaa (Kuressaare), Tartumaa (Tartu), Valgamaa (Valga), Viljandimaa (Viljandi), Vorumaa (Voru)
note: counties have the administrative center name following in parentheses |
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Capital city > Geographic coordinates
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59 26 N, 24 43 E |
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Constitution
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adopted 28 June 1992 |
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Corruption
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6.4 |
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[27th of 160]
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Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address
use embassy street address |
Executive branch > Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, approved by Parliament |
Executive branch > Chief of state
President Toomas Hendrik ILVES (since 9 October 2006) |
Flag description
pre-1940 flag restored by Supreme Soviet in May 1990 - three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), black, and white |
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Government type
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parliamentary republic |
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Independence
20 August 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
Judicial branch
National Court (chairman appointed by Parliament for life) |
Legal system
based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations |
Legislative branch
unicameral Parliament or Riigikogu (101 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) |
Political parties and leaders
Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) [Edgar SAVISAAR]; Estonian Greens (Rohelised) [Marek STRANDBERG]; Estonian People's Union (Rahvaliit) [Villu REILJAN]; Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) [Andrus ANSIP]; Estonian United Russian People's Party or EUVRP [Yevgeniy TOMBERG]; Social Democratic Party (formerly People's Party Moodukad or Moderates) [Ivari PADAR]; Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica (Isamaa je Res Publica Liit) [Mart LAAR] |
Political pressure groups and leaders
Nochnoy Dozor/Night Watch anti-fascist movement (leader Alexander KOROBOV) |
Status
democracy |
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal for all Estonian citizens |
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Time required to start a business > days
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35 days
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[83rd of 171]
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Trademarks, residents
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1,241
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[36th of 98]
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Transnational Issues > Disputes > International
Russia recalled its signature to the 1996 technical border agreement with Estonia in 2005, rather than concede to Estonia's appending prepared a unilateral declaration referencing Soviet occupation and territorial losses; Russia demands better accommodation of Russian-speaking population in Estonia; Estonian citizen groups continue to press for realignment of the boundary based on the 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty that would bring the now divided ethnic Setu people and parts of the Narva region within Estonia; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Estonia must implement the strict Schengen border rules with Russia |
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