Administrative divisions
41 counties (judete, singular - judet) and 1 municipality* (municipiu); Alba, Arad, Arges, Bacau, Bihor, Bistrita-Nasaud, Botosani, Braila, Brasov, Bucuresti (Bucharest)*, Buzau, Calarasi, Caras-Severin, Cluj, Constanta, Covasna, Dimbovita, Dolj, Galati, Gorj, Giurgiu, Harghita, Hunedoara, Ialomita, Iasi, Ilfov, Maramures, Mehedinti, Mures, Neamt, Olt, Prahova, Salaj, Satu Mare, Sibiu, Suceava, Teleorman, Timis, Tulcea, Vaslui, Vilcea, Vrancea |
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Capital city > Geographic coordinates
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44 26 N, 26 06 E |
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Definition: Government > Capital city > Geographic coordinates |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Constitution
8 December 1991; revision effective 29 October 2003 |
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Definition: Government > Constitution |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
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Corruption
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3 |
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[87th of 160]
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Definition: Government > Corruption |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address
pouch: American Embassy Bucharest, US Department of State, 5260 Bucharest Place, Washington, DC 20521-5260 (pouch) |
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Definition: Government > Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address |
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Source: Transparency International |
Executive branch > Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister |
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Definition: Government > Executive branch > Cabinet |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Executive branch > Chief of state
President Traian BASESCU (since 20 December 2004); note - President Traian BASESCU was suspended by vote of parliament on 19 April 2007, but resumed his duties on 23 May 2007 after a popular referendum confirmed that his impeachment should not stand |
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Definition: Government > Executive branch > Chief of state |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Flag description
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; the national coat of arms that used to be centered in the yellow band has been removed; now similar to the flag of Chad, also resembles the flags of Andorra and Moldova |
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Definition: Government > Flag description |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
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Government type
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republic |
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Definition: Government > Government type |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Independence
9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed) |
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Definition: Government > Independence |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Judicial branch
Supreme Court of Justice (comprised of 11 judges appointed for three-year terms by the president in consultation with the Superior Council of Magistrates, which is comprised of the minister of justice, the prosecutor general, two civil society representatives appointed by the Senate, and 14 judges and prosecutors elected by their peers); a separate body, the Constitutional Court, validates elections and makes decisions regarding the constitutionality of laws, treaties, ordinances, and internal rules of the Parliament; it is comprised of nine members serving nine-year terms, with three members each appointed by the president, the Senate, and the Chamber of Deputies |
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Definition: Government > Judicial branch |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Legal system
based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
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Definition: Government > Legal system |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Legislative branch
bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat (137 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camera Deputatilor (334 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms) |
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Definition: Government > Legislative branch |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
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Parliamentary seats > Female
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7% |
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[96th of 143]
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Definition: Government > Parliamentary seats > Female |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Political parties and leaders
Conservative Party or PC [Daniela POPA] (formerly Humanist Party or PUR); Democratic Liberal Party or PDL [Emil BOC]; Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Bela MARKO]; National Liberal Party or PNL [Calin Popescu-TARICEANU]; Romania Mare Party (Greater Romania Party) or PRM [Corneliu Vadim TUDOR]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Mircea Dan GEOANA] (formerly Party of Social Democracy in Romania or PDSR) |
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Definition: Government > Political parties and leaders |
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Source: United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook |
Status
democracy |
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Definition: Government > Status |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal |
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Definition: Government > Suffrage |
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Source: electionworld.org |
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Time required to start a business > days
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11 days
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[158th of 171]
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Definition: Government > Time required to start a business > days |
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Source: All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008 |
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Trademarks, residents
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10,298
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[14th of 98]
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Definition: Government > Trademarks, residents |
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Source: World Development Indicators database |
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International
the ICJ gave Ukraine until December 2006 to reply, and Romania until June 2007 to issue a rejoinder, in their dispute submitted in 2004 over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy/Serpilor (Snake) Island and Black Sea maritime boundary delimitation; Romania also opposes Ukraine's reopening of a navigation canal from the Danube border through Ukraine to the Black Sea |
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Definition: Government > Transnational Issues > Disputes > International |
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Source: World Development Indicators database |
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