Health Stats: compare key data on Central African Republic & Malaysia

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Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Human height > Average female height: Average female height.
Human height > Average male height: Average male height.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage: Percentage of population that subsists on less than the required nutritional amounts per day.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight: Percentage of all children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight.
Probability of not reaching 40: Probability at birth of not reaching the age of 40.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least one visit by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000: Malaria cases (per 100,000 people)
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$: Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (current US$). Investment in water and sanitation projects with private participation covers infrastructure projects in water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets, incinerators, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$ per capita: Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (current US$). Investment in water and sanitation projects with private participation covers infrastructure projects in water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets, incinerators, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel: Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns.
Diseases > Leprosy cases: Number of reported Leprosy cases.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49: People living with HIV/AIDS, women (age 15-49)
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Leprosy cases per million people: Number of reported Leprosy cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Pertussis cases: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases: Number of all reported tetanus cases.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organizations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organizations. These resources are part of total health expenditure.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total: Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people: Number of all reported tetanus cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%). Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months). Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms). Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine."
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure."
Health spending > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure: Out-of-pocket expenditure on health as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (weight for age) is the percentage of children under five whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median reference standard for their age as established by the World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Figures are based on children under age three, four, and five years of age, depending on the country.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural: Health - % of population using improved drinking water sources 2000 - Rural.
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural: Health - % of population using adequate sanitation facilities 2000 - Rural
Births with health staff: Births attended by skilled health staff. Definitions of skilled health staff may vary across countries. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified or to a running average for a series of years surrounding the period 1995 to 2000.
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: still breastfeeding (20-23 months)
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe: Health - Nutrition - % of under-fives (1995-2002) suffering from: underweight moderate & severe
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS: DOTS detection rate is the percentage of estimated new infectious tuberculosis cases detected under the directly observed treatment, short course case detection and treatment strategy.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (height for age) is the percentage of children under five whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0 to 59 months. For children up to two years of age, height is measured by recumbent length. For older children, height is measured by stature while standing. The reference population adopted by the WHO in 1983, is based on children from the United States, who are assumed to be well nourished.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population with HIV.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases."
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Public health spending > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health: Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: exclusively breastfed (<6 months)
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight severe: Health - Nutrition - % of under-fives (1995-2002) suffering from: underweight severe
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns."

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STAT	Central African Republic	Malaysia
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	36.83 per 1,000 people Ranked 30th. 72% more than Malaysia	21.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 88th.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	29.4 Ranked 9th.	30.4 Ranked 4th. 3% more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Future births	145.08 Ranked 90th.	414.48 Ranked 56th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.9% Ranked 66th. 4% more than Malaysia	1.84% Ranked 134th.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	152 Ranked 43th. 11% more than Malaysia	137 Ranked 75th.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	0.87 per 1,000 people Ranked 127th.	1.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 54th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Human height > Average female height	1.589 m (5 ft 2 ⁄ 2 in)	1.574 m (5 ft 2 in)
Human height > Average male height	N/A	1.702 m (5 ft 7 in)
Infant mortality rate > Total	99.38 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 6th. 7 times more than Malaysia	15.02 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 116th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	50.07 years Ranked 208th.	73.79 years Ranked 108th. 47% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	50.66 Ranked 191st.	77.07 Ranked 87th. 52% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	47.02 Ranked 195th.	72.38 Ranked 69th. 54% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	48.79 Ranked 192nd.	74.67 Ranked 75th. 53% more than Central African Republic
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.08 per 1,000 people Ranked 53th.	0.7 per 1,000 people Ranked 68th. 9 times more than Central African Republic
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	28.5% Ranked 149th.	70.8% Ranked 53th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	4.73 births per woman Ranked 33th. 73% more than Malaysia	2.74 births per woman Ranked 81st.
Infant mortality rate	92.15 Ranked 18th. 5 times more than Malaysia	18.35 Ranked 99th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	66.05 per 1,000 people Ranked 8th. 31 times more than Malaysia	2.13 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	90.7 Ranked 5th. 12 times more than Malaysia	7.3 Ranked 143th.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	4.7% Ranked 16th. 9 times more than Malaysia	0.5% Ranked 68th.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.2 Ranked 91st.	1.76 Ranked 56th. 47% more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	20.99 Ranked 163th.	22.58 Ranked 127th. 8% more than Central African Republic
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	130,000 Ranked 36th. 30% more than Malaysia	100,000 Ranked 41st.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	122.12 births Ranked 19th. 7 times more than Malaysia	17.58 births Ranked 141st.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	34.4% Ranked 149th.	82% Ranked 54th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	13.2$ Ranked 172nd.	180.1$ Ranked 86th. 14 times more than Central African Republic
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage	28.2% Ranked 23th.	0.0 Ranked 120th.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$18.28 Ranked 185th.	$346.01 Ranked 91st. 19 times more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	229 Ranked 1st. 15 times more than Malaysia	15 Ranked 59th.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	367 Ranked 19th. 5 times more than Malaysia	80 Ranked 81st.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	29.8 Ranked 9th. 67% more than Malaysia	17.8 Ranked 17th.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	890 per 100,000 live births Ranked 4th. 31 times more than Malaysia	29 per 100,000 live births Ranked 120th.
Maternal mortality	1,100 per 100,000 Ranked 2nd. 27 times more than Malaysia	41 per 100,000 Ranked 90th.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.08 Ranked 66th.	0.71 Ranked 51st. 9 times more than Central African Republic
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	74,276.76 Ranked 42nd. 5 times more than Malaysia	15,805.07 Ranked 68th.
Death rates > Children under 5	170.8 Ranked 7th. 28 times more than Malaysia	6.1 Ranked 149th.
Death rates > Women	428.16 Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Malaysia	86.03 Ranked 107th.
Death rates > Men	456.41 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Malaysia	150.11 Ranked 105th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	9,800 Ranked 1st. 66% more than Malaysia	5,900 Ranked 8th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths	11,000 Ranked 26th. 90% more than Malaysia	5,800 Ranked 36th.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	280 Ranked 27th. 2 times more than Malaysia	130 Ranked 128th.
Births and maternity > Number of births	116,036 Ranked 10th.	496,313 Ranked 11th. 4 times more than Central African Republic
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight	24% Ranked 10th. 86% more than Malaysia	12.9% Ranked 24th.
Probability of not reaching 40	45.3% Ranked 11th. 9 times more than Malaysia	5% Ranked 100th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	39.43 years Ranked 178th.	73.7 years Ranked 64th. 87% more than Central African Republic
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	5.84 per 1,000 people Ranked 9th. 71 times more than Malaysia	0.082 per 1,000 people Ranked 63th.
Life expectancy > Male	45.48 Ranked 178th.	72.09 Ranked 61st. 59% more than Central African Republic
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	0.257 Ranked 30th.	3.28 Ranked 71st. 13 times more than Central African Republic
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	336.12 billion Ranked 53th.	462.14 billion Ranked 50th. 37% more than Central African Republic
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	30.47 Ranked 13th. 8 times more than Malaysia	3.6 Ranked 64th.
Death rates > Infants	112 Ranked 5th. 20 times more than Malaysia	5.7 Ranked 144th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female	51.35 years Ranked 208th.	76.73 years Ranked 108th. 49% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy > Female	48.51 Ranked 177th.	76.79 Ranked 73th. 58% more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	60 Ranked 60th. 5 times more than Malaysia	12 Ranked 163th.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy	68.3% Ranked 28th.	90.7% Ranked 20th. 33% more than Central African Republic
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	50 Ranked 163th.	349 Ranked 80th. 7 times more than Central African Republic
Spending > Per person	9 Ranked 123th.	81 Ranked 77th. 9 times more than Central African Republic
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	3,212.28 Ranked 2nd. 16 times more than Malaysia	205.15 Ranked 42nd.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	4.6% Ranked 15th. 11 times more than Malaysia	0.4% Ranked 81st.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	62% Ranked 178th.	95% Ranked 87th. 53% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth > Male	48.84 years Ranked 210th.	71.05 years Ranked 106th. 45% more than Central African Republic
Malaria cases > Per 100,000	2,207 Ranked 30th. 39 times more than Malaysia	57 Ranked 63th.
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$	0.0 Ranked 2nd.	0.0 Ranked 10th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	40.13 years Ranked 178th.	76.06 years Ranked 69th. 90% more than Central African Republic
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	37.4 Ranked 170th.	63.2 Ranked 62nd. 69% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(44.00-54.60)	(76.20-76.80)
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	404 Ranked 62nd. 47% more than Malaysia	275 Ranked 131st.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	0.41 Ranked 55th.	1.81 Ranked 9th. 4 times more than Central African Republic
Health spending per capita	16.47 Ranked 172nd.	307.24 Ranked 82nd. 19 times more than Central African Republic
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	69.3% Ranked 47th.	78.8% Ranked 30th. 14% more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	21.01 Ranked 149th.	22.09 Ranked 113th. 5% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	38.77 years Ranked 179th.	71.46 years Ranked 60th. 84% more than Central African Republic
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	255 Ranked 13th. 4 times more than Malaysia	67 Ranked 66th.
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	173 Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Malaysia	53 Ranked 118th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	2.58 Ranked 10th. 12 times more than Malaysia	0.209 Ranked 46th.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	35.39 Ranked 173th.	75.6 Ranked 62nd. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Drug access	50% Ranked 131st. The same as Malaysia	50% Ranked 129th.
Infant mortality > Female babies	90.4 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 21st. 11 times more than Malaysia	8.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 143th.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	868 Ranked 33th. 39% more than Malaysia	623 Ranked 117th.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	40.46 Ranked 173th.	85.01 Ranked 69th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$29.81 Ranked 170th.	$604.36 Ranked 70th. 20 times more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	42 Ranked 176th.	72 Ranked 68th. 71% more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	20.97 Ranked 169th.	23.06 Ranked 128th. 10% more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	30.3 Ranked 8th. 70% more than Malaysia	17.86 Ranked 15th.
Intestinal diseases death rate	33.51% Ranked 27th. 2 times more than Malaysia	15.96% Ranked 58th.
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$ per capita	0.0 Ranked 2nd.	0.0 Ranked 10th.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	313.79 per 100,000 people Ranked 25th. 3 times more than Malaysia	101.6 per 100,000 people Ranked 78th.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.247 Ranked 171st.	0.799 Ranked 50th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	448 Ranked 11th. 5 times more than Malaysia	98 Ranked 121st.
Dependency ratio per 100	89 Ranked 24th. 48% more than Malaysia	60 Ranked 89th.
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	<1	1
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel	53.8% Ranked 42nd.	98.6% Ranked 15th. 83% more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases	68 Ranked 13th. 5 times more than Malaysia	14 Ranked 36th.
Diseases > Leprosy cases	345 Ranked 32nd. 82% more than Malaysia	190 Ranked 42nd.
Infant mortality rate > Female	91.17 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 6th. 7 times more than Malaysia	12.52 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 122nd.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5	25% Ranked 14th. 32% more than Malaysia	19% Ranked 5th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	230000	67000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	50% Ranked 165th.	100% Ranked 98th. Twice as much as Central African Republic
Diseases > Measles cases	49 Ranked 58th.	394 Ranked 33th. 8 times more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	850 Ranked 8th. 27 times more than Malaysia	31 Ranked 107th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	37.7 Ranked 172nd.	64.8 Ranked 65th. 72% more than Central African Republic
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	448 Ranked 11th. 5 times more than Malaysia	98 Ranked 121st.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	37 Ranked 170th.	61.6 Ranked 60th. 66% more than Central African Republic
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	27 Ranked 151st.	1,200 Ranked 68th. 44 times more than Central African Republic
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49	12.9 Ranked 11th. 37 times more than Malaysia	0.35 Ranked 67th.
Children living with AIDS per 1000	6.53 Ranked 9th. 211 times more than Malaysia	0.0309 Ranked 67th.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	34.22 Ranked 32nd. 2 times more than Malaysia	17 Ranked 117th.
Spending > Public	2.0%	1.4%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	46.64% Ranked 151st.	61.95% Ranked 127th. 33% more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	Social security	Employer
Total fertility rate	4.9 Ranked 35th. 69% more than Malaysia	2.9 Ranked 81st.
Infant mortality > Male babies	113.4 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 16th. 10 times more than Malaysia	11.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 140th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Illegal	Legal
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	43 Ranked 176th.	75 Ranked 69th. 74% more than Central African Republic
Children living with AIDS	25,000 Ranked 22nd. 32 times more than Malaysia	770 Ranked 59th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	448 Ranked 11th. 5 times more than Malaysia	98 Ranked 121st.
Respiratory disease child death rate	170.89 (est)	3.8 (est)
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	130000	17000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people	16.56 Ranked 1st. 32 times more than Malaysia	0.522 Ranked 41st.
Diseases > Leprosy cases per million people	84.01 Ranked 12th. 12 times more than Malaysia	7.09 Ranked 59th.
Diseases > Pertussis cases	2 Ranked 101st.	15 Ranked 85th. 8 times more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Total tetanus cases	68 Ranked 24th. 89% more than Malaysia	36 Ranked 34th.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	185 per 1,000 people Ranked 14th. 15 times more than Malaysia	12 per 1,000 people Ranked 145th.
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	21 Ranked 158th.	188 Ranked 88th. 9 times more than Central African Republic
Spending > Private	1% Ranked 124th. The same as Malaysia	1% Ranked 123th.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	1.51% Ranked 158th.	2.23% Ranked 134th. 48% more than Central African Republic
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	44.1% Ranked 61st.	97.4% Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	27% Ranked 154th.	94% Ranked 49th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	91.36% Ranked 17th. 62% more than Malaysia	56.3% Ranked 160th.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	62% Ranked 50th.	73.6% Ranked 17th. 19% more than Central African Republic
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	47.7% Ranked 9th. 477 times more than Malaysia	0.1% Ranked 138th.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	67% Ranked 102nd.	71.91% Ranked 95th. 7% more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	34% Ranked 134th.	96% Ranked 58th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	25.86% Ranked 23th. 1293 times more than Malaysia	0.02% Ranked 128th.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total	65.37% Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Malaysia	24.31% Ranked 73th.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	54.8% Ranked 4th. 43% more than Malaysia	38.3% Ranked 5th.
Infant mortality rate > Male	107.34 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Malaysia	17.37 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 109th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	40 Ranked 183th.	96 Ranked 60th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people	16.56 Ranked 6th. 12 times more than Malaysia	1.34 Ranked 51st.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	13% Ranked 18th. 44% more than Malaysia	9% Ranked 9th.
Public health spending > % of total health spending	34.74% Ranked 157th.	44.38% Ranked 144th. 28% more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Illegal	Legal
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5	24% Ranked 14th. 26% more than Malaysia	19% Ranked 4th.
Life expectancy > 95% range	(44.00-54.60)	(76.20-76.80)
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	84.2% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Malaysia	32.41% Ranked 54th.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	27.44% Ranked 177th.	67.02% Ranked 113th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	58.8% Ranked 19th. 4 times more than Malaysia	14.6% Ranked 148th.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %	68.3% Ranked 29th.	90.7% Ranked 25th. 33% more than Central African Republic
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	10.73% Ranked 10th. 23 times more than Malaysia	0.47% Ranked 78th.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	28% Ranked 40th.	55% Ranked 8th. 96% more than Central African Republic
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	34% Ranked 20th. 17% more than Malaysia	29% Ranked 4th.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	35% Ranked 187th.	90% Ranked 100th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms	49% Ranked 179th.	93% Ranked 16th. 90% more than Central African Republic
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure	12.35% Ranked 82nd. 2 times more than Malaysia	6.12% Ranked 168th.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	1.97% Ranked 156th. 20% more than Malaysia	1.64% Ranked 168th.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	93% Ranked 117th.	100% Ranked 47th. 8% more than Central African Republic
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	61% Ranked 125th.	96% Ranked 48th. 57% more than Central African Republic
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	40% Ranked 183th.	90% Ranked 107th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months	54% Ranked 176th.	95% Ranked 80th. 76% more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	62% Ranked 168th.	95% Ranked 71st. 53% more than Central African Republic
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24	1.1% Ranked 24th. 83% more than Malaysia	0.6% Ranked 48th.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	94.98% Ranked 40th. 30% more than Malaysia	73.22% Ranked 123th.
Health spending > % of GDP	4.1% Ranked 146th.	4.37% Ranked 136th. 7% more than Central African Republic
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure	95.4% Ranked 78th. 3% more than Malaysia	92.8% Ranked 87th.
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5	24.3% Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Malaysia	10.6% Ranked 13th.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural	57 Ranked 105th.	94 Ranked 39th. 65% more than Central African Republic
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural	16 Ranked 126th.	98 Ranked 37th. 6 times more than Central African Republic
Births with health staff	44% Ranked 92nd.	96% Ranked 37th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months	53 Ranked 31st. 4 times more than Malaysia	12 Ranked 92nd.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe	24 Ranked 42nd. Twice as much as Malaysia	12 Ranked 82nd.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	3.9% Ranked 157th. 3% more than Malaysia	3.8% Ranked 160th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	35 Ranked 185th.	92 Ranked 76th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS	40.43% Ranked 140th.	73.16% Ranked 56th. 81% more than Central African Republic
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	40 Ranked 183th.	97 Ranked 51st. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5	38.9% Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Malaysia	15.6% Ranked 16th.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	47% Ranked 159th.	95% Ranked 67th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	23.1% Ranked 29th.	29% Ranked 4th. 26% more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	28% Ranked 134th.	95% Ranked 57th. 3 times more than Central African Republic
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	65% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Malaysia	26.58% Ranked 114th.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24	5.5% Ranked 10th. 18 times more than Malaysia	0.3% Ranked 73th.
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	340 Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Malaysia	100 Ranked 78th.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	6.3% Ranked 10th. 13 times more than Malaysia	0.5% Ranked 75th.
Public health spending > % of GDP	1.42% Ranked 163th.	1.94% Ranked 142nd. 37% more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	92% Ranked 131st.	100% Ranked 42nd. 9% more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	67% Ranked 142nd.	100% Ranked 35th. 49% more than Central African Republic
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	43% Ranked 150th.	96% Ranked 75th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	40% Ranked 9th. 8 times more than Malaysia	5% Ranked 156th.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health	58.4% Ranked 43th. 26% more than Malaysia	46.2% Ranked 84th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	3.05% Ranked 184th.	12.02% Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Central African Republic
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	49	>90
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months	17 Ranked 86th.	29 Ranked 64th. 71% more than Central African Republic
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP	3.79% Ranked 168th. 6% more than Malaysia	3.58% Ranked 173th.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people	0.487 Ranked 97th.	0.559 Ranked 96th. 15% more than Central African Republic
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP	4.1% Ranked 149th. 8% more than Malaysia	3.8% Ranked 158th.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	44% Ranked 13th. 15 times more than Malaysia	3% Ranked 129th.
Improved water source > % of population with access	75% Ranked 128th.	99% Ranked 48th. 32% more than Central African Republic
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	42 Ranked 176th.	70 Ranked 56th. 67% more than Central African Republic
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	95.4% Ranked 59th. 29% more than Malaysia	74.1% Ranked 135th.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight severe	6 Ranked 36th. 6 times more than Malaysia	1 Ranked 100th.
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health	17% Ranked 32nd.	0.0 Ranked 167th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Illegal	Illegal
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	12% Ranked 156th.	93% Ranked 46th. 8 times more than Central African Republic
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	43.7% Ranked 11th.	98.6% Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Central African Republic
Population suffering from undernourishment in 2001-2003	45% Ranked 12th. 15 times more than Malaysia	3% Ranked 106th.

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Wikipedia: Human height (Average height around the world); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York.; United Nations Statistics Division; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNICEF (United Nations Children?s Fund). 2002. Official Summary: The State of the World's Children 2002. New York: Oxford University Press.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food Security Statistics (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/food-security-statistics/en/).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UN 2001 via backone.pdf; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables), (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization, Global Atlas of the Health Workforce. For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNHDR; World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation. 1997-1999 World Health Statistics Annual. Geneva: WHO, 2000; World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy; Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2008. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation, Global Tuberculosis Control Report.; UNHDR; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization. Source tables. 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World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNAIDS estimates.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by ICF International.; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Control Report.; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunisation_monitoring/routine/en/).; UNAIDS and the WHO's Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic.; WHO 2002a; Food and Agriculture Organisation (http://www.fao.org/faostat/foodsecurity/index_en.htm).; International Diabetes Federation, Diabetes Atlas.; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by percentage of population suffering from undernourishment

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