Education Stats: compare key data on Italy & Norway

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Definitions

Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
High school enrolment rate: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Homeschooling legal status: Legal status of homeschooling.
Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
Children out of school > Primary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
Mathematical literacy: Mathematical literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old 2000
High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scientific literacy: Scientific literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old (2000)
Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Reading literacy: Reading literacy mean value of performance scale (15 years old, 2000)
High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Educational attainment > Tertiary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till tertiary level (year 2000).
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
Elementary school graduate rate: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Student attitude > Dislike of school: Percentage of schoolgoing children who do not like going to school (2000).
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Children out of school > Primary per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11: Intended hours of instruction per year for 11 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12: Intended hours of instruction per year for 12 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
High school enrolment rate > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Spending per secondary school student: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
Expected duration of education for all students: Expected years of schooling for a 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Progression to secondary school: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Educational attainment > Senior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till senior secondary level (year 2000).
High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Student attitude > Find school boring: Percentage of students who do find school boring (2000).
Teaching weeks per year > Primary: Average number of weeks taught per year by primary level teachers. Data for 2000.
Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Primary teacher salary > Starting: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education: The indicator shows direct public and private expenditure on educational institutions in relation to the number of full-time equivalent students enrolled in these institutions. Public subsidies for students’ living expenses have been excluded to ensure international comparability of the data.
Expenditure on education per student is obtained by dividing the total expenditure on educational institutions by the number of full-time equivalents students. Only those educational institutions and programmes are taken into account for which both enrolment and expenditure data are available.
Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Educational attainment > Junior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till junior secondary level (year 2000).
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10: Intended hours of instruction per year for 10 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
Student attitude > Report class disorder: Percentage of students who report high noise level and disorder in classes (2000).
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology: Intended instruction time spent studying technology, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
High school > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to secondary education.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Children out of school > Primary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Spending per primary school student: Primary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13: Intended hours of instruction per year for 14 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9: Intended hours of instruction per year for 9 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science: Intended instruction time spent studying science, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Primary teacher salary > After 15 years: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999.
Homeschooling prevalance: Prevalence of homeschooling.
High school enrolment rate > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills: Intended instruction time spent studying vocational skills, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Intake ratio to last grade of primary > Females: Number of female entrants in the last grade of primary education (regardless of age) expressed as a percentage of the female population at entrance age to the last grade.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Young shorttext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent shorttext (particularly comics) readers (2000)
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Young longtext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent longtext readers(2000)
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages: Intended instruction time spent studying modern foreign languages, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Primary teacher salary > Starting per 1000: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity. Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 of Gross Domestic Product.
Library members per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Library employees per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Pupils reaching grade 5: Pupils reaching grade 5 is the percentage of children who start primary school and eventually reach grade 5.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Expected duration of education for males: Expected years of schooling for a male 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Female teachers > Lower secondary: Percentage share of lower secondary level teachers at who are female. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed post-secondary > Post-secondary and tertiary education > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds: Compares countries by the percentage of its population 25 years or older that has completed post-secondary education, as defined by the levels 4, 5 and 6 of ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education), and index developed by UNESCO. The data was compiled by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), which elaborates statistics to provide a global perspective on education, science, culture, and communication
School enrollment > Primary > Private > % of total primary: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.
Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
High school > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for secondary education that goes to school staff salaries.
Expenditure per student, secondary > % of GDP per capita: Expenditure per student, secondary (% of GDP per capita). Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Secondary is the total public expenditure per student in secondary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
Secondary education, vocational pupils > % female: Secondary education, vocational pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Total secondary. Technical/vocational programmes is the number of female students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at the secondary education level expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at the secondary education level in a given school year.
School enrollment, secondary > % net: School enrollment, secondary (% net). Net enrolment rate. Secondary. All programmes. Total is the ratio of children of the official secondary school age who are enrolled in secondary school to the population of the official secondary school age.
Total enrollment, primary > % net: Total enrollment, primary (% net). Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
Total enrollment, primary, female > % net: Total enrollment, primary, female (% net). Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
School enrollment, preprimary > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Total is the total enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
School enrollment, primary > % net: School enrollment, primary (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Total is the ratio of children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the total population of the official primary school age.
School enrollment, secondary > % gross: School enrollment, secondary (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Secondary. All programmes. Total is the total enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
School enrollment, secondary, private > % of total secondary: School enrollment, secondary, private (% of total secondary). Percentage of private enrolment. Secondary is the enrolment in private secondary schools expressed as a percentage of total enrolment (public and private) in secondary schools. 'Private' refers to all educational institutions not operated by a public authority, regardless of whether they receive financial support from public authorities. A high percentage indicates strong involvement of the non-governmental sector (including religious bodies, other organizations, associations, communities, private enterprises or persons) in providing organized educational programmes.
Progression to secondary school, male > %: Progression to secondary school, male (%). Transition from primary (ISCED 1) to secondary (ISCED 2), general programmes (%). Male is the number of new male entrants to the first grade of secondary education (general programmes only) in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the number of male pupils enrolled in the final grade of primary education in the previous year.
School enrollment, tertiary, female > % gross: School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Tertiary (ISCED 5 and 6). Female is the total female enrollment in tertiary education (ISCED 5 and 6), regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total female population of the five-year age group following on from secondary school leaving.
Expenditure per student, tertiary > % of GDP per capita: Expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita). Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Tertiary is the total public expenditure per student in tertiary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Primary completion rate > Female > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
Primary completion rate > Male > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
Progression to secondary school > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
School enrollment > Preprimary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
Repeaters, primary, total > % of total enrollment: Repeaters, primary, total (% of total enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in primary. All grades. Total is the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of repeaters in all grades of primary education by the total enrolment of primary education and multiplying the result by 100.
Persistence to grade 5 > Total > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education (% of total). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education (% of total). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Primary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Total > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Persistence to grade 5 > Female > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Researchers in R&D > Per million people: Researchers in R&D (per million people). Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
Primary teacher salary > Starting, % of GDP: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Elementary (primary) school) > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to primary education.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Elementary school graduate rate > Female: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Total expenditure as % of GDP: Total expenditure on education per year per country as % of GDP (Year 2000).
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
Secondary education, teachers > % female: Secondary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Secondary is the number of female teachers at the secondary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the secondary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
Preschool enrollment rate > Female: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
Preschool enrollment rate > Male: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Female: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Male: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Share of vocational tertiary qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level B qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Services, etc., value added > % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (% of GDP). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
Secondary education, teachers, female: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.

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STAT	Italy	Norway
Average years of schooling of adults	7.2 Ranked 36th.	11.8 Ranked 2nd. 64% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary	25,573 Ranked 58th. 8 times more than Norway	3,100 Ranked 90th.
Children out of school, primary per 1000	0.421 Ranked 106th.	0.626 Ranked 97th. 49% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary, female	17,905 Ranked 48th. 13 times more than Norway	1,354 Ranked 83th.
College and university > Gender parity index	1.39 Ranked 35th.	1.63 Ranked 14th. 17% more than Italy
Compulsary education duration	10 Ranked 64th.	11 Ranked 44th. 10% more than Italy
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP	4.5% Ranked 64th.	6.87% Ranked 15th. 53% more than Italy
High school enrolment rate	99.72 Ranked 10th.	99.95 Ranked 4th. About the same as Italy
Homeschooling legal status	Legal, homeschooling is allowed by the constitution.	Legal
Literacy > Total population	98.6% Ranked 36th.	100% Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Italy
Primary education, duration > Years	5 Ranked 167th.	7 Ranked 21st. 40% more than Italy
Primary education, teachers per 1000	4.6 Ranked 70th.	5.63 Ranked 30th. 22% more than Italy
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary	10.33 Ranked 139th.	16.81 Ranked 112th. 63% more than Italy
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary	10.1 Ranked 100th. 34% more than Norway	7.54 Ranked 76th.
Secondary education, duration > Years	8 Ranked 15th. 33% more than Norway	6 Ranked 156th.
College and university > Share of total education spending	18.76% Ranked 63th.	29.63% Ranked 12th. 58% more than Italy
Literacy > Female	98.3% Ranked 33th.	100% Ranked 1st. 2% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000	0.295 Ranked 86th. 8% more than Norway	0.273 Ranked 90th.
College and university > Gender ratio	140.71 Ranked 27th.	161.83 Ranked 14th. 15% more than Italy
Child care (preschool) > Duration	3 Ranked 89th. The same as Norway	3 Ranked 112th.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita	7.17 per 1,000 people Ranked 41st.	9.91 per 1,000 people Ranked 14th. 38% more than Italy
Duration of compulsory education	9 years Ranked 86th.	11 years Ranked 30th. 22% more than Italy
Secondary education, pupils	4.63 million Ranked 17th. 11 times more than Norway	437,010 Ranked 78th.
College and university > Private school share	9.59% Ranked 90th.	14.53% Ranked 76th. 51% more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment	1 Ranked 43th. The same as Norway	1 Ranked 43th.
School life expectancy > Total	14.7 years Ranked 20th.	16.9 years Ranked 1st. 15% more than Italy
Primary education, teachers	273,113 Ranked 18th. 12 times more than Norway	22,303 Ranked 37th.
Primary education, pupils	2.83 million Ranked 37th. 7 times more than Norway	423,333 Ranked 86th.
Tertiary enrollment	49.9% Ranked 22nd.	70% Ranked 3rd. 40% more than Italy
Spending per student > College and university	22.28 Ranked 36th.	47.15 Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Italy
High school > Gender ratio	99.03 Ranked 81st. 1% more than Norway	97.81 Ranked 71st.
Compulsary education starting age	6 Ranked 103th. The same as Norway	6 Ranked 129th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million	0.17 Ranked 107th.	1.73 Ranked 36th. 10 times more than Italy
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration	5 Ranked 4th. 67% more than Norway	3 Ranked 128th.
Literacy > Male	99% Ranked 32nd.	100% Ranked 1st. 1% more than Italy
Spending > USD	101.89 billion Ranked 6th. 4 times more than Norway	27.31 billion Ranked 20th.
High school > Private school share	8.52% Ranked 84th. 4% more than Norway	8.17% Ranked 87th.
Spending > Proportion	4.52 Ranked 70th.	6.03 Ranked 22nd. 33% more than Italy
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary	10.62 Ranked 138th. 1% more than Norway	10.5 Ranked 140th.
Child care (preschool) > Starting age	3 Ranked 158th. The same as Norway	3 Ranked 187th.
Preschool enrollment rate	103.82 Ranked 80th. 5% more than Norway	98.68 Ranked 95th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad	47,272.98 Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Norway	15,018.17 Ranked 54th.
Primary completion rate	101 Ranked 31st. 2% more than Norway	99 Ranked 34th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level	1.91 million Ranked 20th. 9 times more than Norway	212,395 Ranked 57th.
Teachers as percentage of labor force	4.7% Ranked 10th.	5.2% Ranked 5th. 11% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall	486 Ranked 27th.	503 Ranked 10th. 3% more than Italy
Elementary (primary school) > Duration	5 Ranked 177th.	7 Ranked 25th. 40% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary	11,194 Ranked 73th. 2 times more than Norway	4,789 Ranked 87th.
Secondary education, teachers	450,757 Ranked 10th. 9 times more than Norway	49,191 Ranked 37th.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000	7.59 Ranked 33th.	11.28 Ranked 5th. 49% more than Italy
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher	11.62 Ranked 101st. 87% more than Norway	6.21 Ranked 75th.
Mathematical literacy	457 Ranked 23th.	499 Ranked 16th. 9% more than Italy
High school > Lower secondary school duration	3 Ranked 146th. The same as Norway	3 Ranked 176th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000	0.126 Ranked 97th.	0.353 Ranked 90th. 3 times more than Italy
Scientific literacy	478 Ranked 23th.	500 Ranked 12th. 5% more than Italy
Spending per student > High school	25.38 Ranked 17th.	26.47 Ranked 15th. 4% more than Italy
Secondary education, general pupils	2.92 million Ranked 21st. 9 times more than Norway	308,417 Ranked 87th.
Reading literacy	487 Ranked 20th.	505 Ranked 13th. 4% more than Italy
High school > Gender parity index	0.986 Ranked 91st. About the same as Norway	0.982 Ranked 96th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills	486 Ranked 27th.	503 Ranked 10th. 3% more than Italy
Scientific and technical journal articles	24,696 Ranked 8th. 7 times more than Norway	3,339 Ranked 27th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve	482 Ranked 30th.	512 Ranked 10th. 6% more than Italy
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	36% Ranked 21st. The same as Norway	36% Ranked 2nd.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion	2.4% Ranked 88th.	6.54% Ranked 48th. 3 times more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000	33.48 Ranked 40th.	46.8 Ranked 18th. 40% more than Italy
Scouting > Genders admitted	both	both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age	6 Ranked 130th. The same as Norway	6 Ranked 162nd.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government	9.6% Ranked 70th.	16.6% Ranked 31st. 73% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary, male	7,668 Ranked 57th. 4 times more than Norway	1,746 Ranked 79th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI	4.7% Ranked 56th.	7.7% Ranked 6th. 64% more than Italy
High school > Students per teacher	10.1 Ranked 103th. 34% more than Norway	7.54 Ranked 80th.
Secondary education > General pupils	2.81 million Ranked 26th. 10 times more than Norway	268,070 Ranked 99th.
Spending per student > Elementary school	22.8 Ranked 17th. 24% more than Norway	18.44 Ranked 28th.
Secondary school starting age > Years	11 Ranked 168th.	13 Ranked 33th. 18% more than Italy
High school starting age > Years	11 Ranked 147th.	13 Ranked 32nd. 18% more than Italy
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita	4.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 78th.	8.96 per 1,000 people Ranked 6th. Twice as much as Italy
Educational attainment > Tertiary	10% Ranked 18th.	28% Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level	2.78 million Ranked 45th. 6 times more than Norway	432,618 Ranked 102nd.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women	68% Ranked 60th.	95.6% Ranked 12th. 41% more than Italy
Elementary school graduate rate	99.56 Ranked 8th.	99.84 Ranked 2nd. About the same as Italy
Schools connected to the Internet	88% Ranked 20th.	99% Ranked 6th. 13% more than Italy
Public spending per student > Primary level	21.2 Ranked 14th.	29.2 Ranked 3rd. 38% more than Italy
Secondary education, pupils per 1000	76.25 Ranked 85th.	88.23 Ranked 54th. 16% more than Italy
Primary education, pupils per 1000	46.56 Ranked 138th.	85.47 Ranked 92nd. 84% more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment	1.34 Ranked 42nd.	1.54 Ranked 14th. 15% more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment	0.99 Ranked 97th.	1.01 Ranked 61st. 2% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita	33.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 40th.	46.8 per 1,000 people Ranked 18th. 40% more than Italy
Student attitude > Dislike of school	38% Ranked 2nd. 65% more than Norway	23% Ranked 15th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people	0.778 Ranked 126th.	3.03 Ranked 65th. 4 times more than Italy
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years	8 Ranked 14th. 33% more than Norway	6 Ranked 138th.
Teacher student ratio > High school	10.1 Ranked 97th. 15% more than Norway	8.79 Ranked 120th.
Children out of school > Primary per 1000	0.192 Ranked 115th.	1.04 Ranked 99th. 5 times more than Italy
Inequality adjusted index	0.74 Ranked 36th.	0.968 Ranked 1st. 31% more than Italy
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school	10.33 Ranked 132nd.	10.5 Ranked 135th. 2% more than Italy
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11	1,020 hours Ranked 6th. 32% more than Norway	770 hours Ranked 29th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5	99.8% Ranked 4th.	100% Ranked 1st. About the same as Italy
Elementary school > Enrolled students	2.82 million Ranked 42nd. 7 times more than Norway	429,585 Ranked 84th.
Primary education > Duration > Years	5 years Ranked 159th.	7 years Ranked 21st. 40% more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$19,316.27 Ranked 16th.	$34,960.96 Ranked 3rd. 81% more than Italy
School enrolment rate > 1st grade	105.66 Ranked 56th. 8% more than Norway	97.97 Ranked 85th.
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000	48.17 Ranked 127th.	62.27 Ranked 87th. 29% more than Italy
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12	1,020 hours Ranked 10th. 32% more than Norway	770 hours Ranked 35th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret	490 Ranked 25th.	502 Ranked 12th. 2% more than Italy
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share	6.93% Ranked 87th. 3 times more than Norway	2.36% Ranked 110th.
High school > Lower secondary starting age	11 Ranked 174th.	13 Ranked 33th. 18% more than Italy
Elementary school > Gender ratio	99.14 Ranked 61st.	100.21 Ranked 26th. 1% more than Italy
High school enrolment rate > Female	99.42 Ranked 18th.	99.89 Ranked 9th. About the same as Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level	99% Ranked 20th. 1% more than Norway	98% Ranked 38th.
Duration of education > Secondary level	8 Ranked 15th. 33% more than Norway	6 Ranked 132nd.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level	26 Ranked 56th.	46.5 Ranked 33th. 79% more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils	2.77 million Ranked 43th. 6 times more than Norway	432,345 Ranked 97th.
Secondary education > Pupils	4.51 million Ranked 18th. 11 times more than Norway	400,159 Ranked 78th.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men	78.1% Ranked 49th.	94.7% Ranked 19th. 21% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level	56.25% Ranked 38th.	59.74% Ranked 20th. 6% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita	79.22 per 1,000 people Ranked 95th.	84.84 per 1,000 people Ranked 83th. 7% more than Italy
Secondary education, vocational pupils	1.71 million Ranked 6th. 13 times more than Norway	128,593 Ranked 48th.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	78.45% Ranked 33th. 3% more than Norway	76.02% Ranked 43th.
Secondary education > Teachers	417,023.3 Ranked 11th. 9 times more than Norway	45,505 Ranked 57th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary	16 years Ranked 20th.	17 years Ranked 9th. 6% more than Italy
School enrolment rate > 5th grade	99.56 Ranked 7th.	99.58 Ranked 5th. The same as Italy
Spending per secondary school student	$6,458.00 per student Ranked 7th.	$7,343.00 per student Ranked 4th. 14% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level	4.53 million Ranked 22nd. 12 times more than Norway	385,009 Ranked 91st.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million	428.72 Ranked 22nd.	731.46 Ranked 12th. 71% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts	476 Ranked 29th.	498 Ranked 17th. 5% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts	489 Ranked 26th.	505 Ranked 9th. 3% more than Italy
Duration of education > Primary level	5 Ranked 141st.	7 Ranked 20th. 40% more than Italy
Expected duration of education for all students	15.8 years Ranked 23th.	17.9 years Ranked 7th. 13% more than Italy
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	99.07% Ranked 81st. The same as Norway	99.01% Ranked 65th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary	19,018 Ranked 68th. 3 times more than Norway	5,729 Ranked 80th.
Public spending per student > Secondary level	27.1 Ranked 18th. 37% more than Norway	19.8 Ranked 9th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level	48.41% Ranked 85th.	48.64% Ranked 64th. About the same as Italy
Progression to secondary school	99.65% Ranked 12th.	99.8% Ranked 5th. About the same as Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita	0.192 per 1,000 people Ranked 116th.	1.04 per 1,000 people Ranked 101st. 5 times more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate	482 Ranked 30th.	505 Ranked 10th. 5% more than Italy
Educational attainment > Senior secondary	33% Ranked 14th.	57% Ranked 4th. 73% more than Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women	99% Ranked 19th. 1% more than Norway	98% Ranked 35th.
High school > Upper secondary starting age	14 Ranked 192nd.	16 Ranked 56th. 14% more than Italy
Elementary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 117th. The same as Norway	6 Ranked 142nd.
Library books	13.19 million Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Norway	1.84 million Ranked 26th.
Student attitude > Find school boring	54% Ranked 9th.	58% Ranked 7th. 7% more than Italy
Teaching weeks per year > Primary	34 weeks per year Ranked 34th.	38 weeks per year Ranked 19th. 12% more than Italy
Elementary school repeaters > All	0.24 Ranked 123th.	0.0 Ranked 123th.
School life expectancy > Male	14.5 years Ranked 19th.	16.3 years Ranked 2nd. 12% more than Italy
Universities > Top 200	3 Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Norway	1 Ranked 24th.
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita	48.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 127th.	58.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 111th. 21% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000	48.62 Ranked 155th.	95.33 Ranked 109th. 96% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita	0.049 per capita Ranked 151st.	0.095 per capita Ranked 109th. 94% more than Italy
Primary teacher salary > Starting	$19,188.00 Ranked 14th.	$22,194.00 Ranked 8th. 16% more than Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men	100% Ranked 13th. 2% more than Norway	98% Ranked 38th.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD	1.09% Ranked 24th.	1.57% Ranked 18th. 44% more than Italy
Library books per 1000	231.7 Ranked 3rd.	412.62 Ranked 24th. 78% more than Italy
Secondary education > Vocational pupils	1.7 million Ranked 6th. 13 times more than Norway	132,089 Ranked 43th.
Primary education > Teachers	260,769.1 Ranked 15th. 6 times more than Norway	41,161 Ranked 62nd.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level	48.46% Ranked 100th.	49.27% Ranked 78th. 2% more than Italy
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education	112.26 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 22nd.	117.38 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 16th. 5% more than Italy
Private school enrolment > Primary level	7 Ranked 44th. 4 times more than Norway	1.6 Ranked 77th.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years	5 Ranked 148th.	7 Ranked 20th. 40% more than Italy
Library employees	595 Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Norway	278 Ranked 25th.
Educational attainment > Junior secondary	57% Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Norway	15% Ranked 16th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10	1,020 hours Ranked 7th. 32% more than Norway	770 hours Ranked 27th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000	4.48 Ranked 76th.	8.96 Ranked 8th. Twice as much as Italy
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000	77.45 Ranked 78th.	87.14 Ranked 62nd. 13% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita	0.118 per 1,000 people Ranked 109th.	0.53 per 1,000 people Ranked 98th. 4 times more than Italy
Female enrolment share > Primary level	48.5% Ranked 78th.	48.7% Ranked 49th. About the same as Italy
Student attitude > Report class disorder	46% Ranked 1st. 18% more than Norway	39% Ranked 4th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$	$1.17 trillion Ranked 5th. 7 times more than Norway	$170.93 billion Ranked 21st.
Universities > Top 200 per million	0.0512 Ranked 22nd.	0.216 Ranked 16th. 4 times more than Italy
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology	9	n
Primary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 130th. The same as Norway	6 Ranked 161st.
Scouting > Members	102,066 Ranked 16th. 6 times more than Norway	17,279 Ranked 56th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	82.58% Ranked 43th. 5% more than Norway	78.65% Ranked 58th.
High school > Share of total education spending	42.94% Ranked 22nd. 22% more than Norway	35.33% Ranked 53th.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level	90.5% Ranked 10th.	95% Ranked 2nd. 5% more than Italy
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils	2.87 million Ranked 25th. 10 times more than Norway	291,724 Ranked 84th.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000	7.17 Ranked 40th.	9.91 Ranked 14th. 38% more than Italy
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000	48.3 Ranked 126th.	58.38 Ranked 112th. 21% more than Italy
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment	99.51 Ranked 46th.	99.91 Ranked 28th. About the same as Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Male	4,320 Ranked 74th. 83% more than Norway	2,357 Ranked 83th.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index	0.986 Ranked 86th.	1 Ranked 34th. 2% more than Italy
Spending per primary school student	$5,653.00 per student Ranked 6th.	$5,761.00 per student Ranked 5th. 2% more than Italy
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13	0.0 Ranked 38th.	855 hours Ranked 30th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9	1,020 hours Ranked 7th.	0.0 Ranked 37th.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level	48.1% Ranked 89th.	49.3% Ranked 68th. 2% more than Italy
Private school enrolment > Secondary level	5.5 Ranked 18th. 25% more than Norway	4.4 Ranked 69th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000	79.23 Ranked 95th.	84.84 Ranked 84th. 7% more than Italy
Scouting > Members per thousand people	1.68 Ranked 70th.	3.44 Ranked 41st. 2 times more than Italy
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64	8.58% Ranked 27th.	24.86% Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Italy
Primary completion rate > Women	101 Ranked 30th. 3% more than Norway	98 Ranked 40th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science	10% Ranked 26th. 11% more than Norway	9% Ranked 29th.
School life expectancy > Female	14.8 years Ranked 20th.	17.6 years Ranked 1st. 19% more than Italy
Elementary school repeaters > Male	0.3 Ranked 120th.	0.0 Ranked 120th.
Elementary school repeaters > Female	0.18 Ranked 121st.	0.0 Ranked 120th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men	100% Ranked 6th. The same as Norway	100% Ranked 1st.
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita	0.074 per 1,000 people Ranked 111th.	0.513 per 1,000 people Ranked 95th. 7 times more than Italy
High school teachers	450,757 Ranked 11th. 10 times more than Norway	45,505 Ranked 58th.
Elementary school teachers	273,113 Ranked 16th. 7 times more than Norway	41,161 Ranked 56th.
Primary teacher salary > After 15 years	$23,137.00 Ranked 17th.	$25,854.00 Ranked 13th. 12% more than Italy
Homeschooling prevalance	Unknown	400
High school enrolment rate > Male	100 Ranked 9th. The same as Norway	100 Ranked 11th.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education	89% Ranked 26th.	100% Ranked 3rd. 12% more than Italy
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education	26% Ranked 17th.	28% Ranked 15th. 8% more than Italy
Primary completion rate > Men	101 Ranked 28th. 1% more than Norway	100 Ranked 30th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils	4.51 million Ranked 17th. 11 times more than Norway	403,026 Ranked 78th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills	n	n
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP	0.002 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 26th.	0.004 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 20th. Twice as much as Italy
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment	98.81 Ranked 88th.	102.87 Ranked 50th. 4% more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils per 1000	47.59 Ranked 155th.	94.15 Ranked 102nd. 98% more than Italy
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita	77.45 per 1,000 people Ranked 83th.	87.14 per 1,000 people Ranked 65th. 13% more than Italy
Intake ratio to last grade of primary > Females	None	None
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level	10.5 Ranked 102nd. 48% more than Norway	7.1 Ranked 120th.
Young shorttext readers	26.4% Ranked 10th.	58% Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Italy
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million	0.0181% Ranked 26th.	0.325% Ranked 7th. 18 times more than Italy
Share of university qualifications awarded to females	56% Ranked 14th.	64% Ranked 3rd. 14% more than Italy
Young longtext readers	19.9% Ranked 17th. 49% more than Norway	13.4% Ranked 24th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages	11	16
Primary teacher salary > Starting per 1000	$0.34 Ranked 18th.	$4.97 Ranked 4th. 15 times more than Italy
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP	$0.00 per student per $1,000 Ranked 15th.	$0.00 per student per $1,000 Ranked 2nd. 10 times more than Italy
Library members	591,598 Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Norway	145,757 Ranked 5th.
Library members per 1000	10.4 Ranked 2nd.	32.67 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Italy
Library employees per million	10.46 Ranked 4th.	62.31 Ranked 14th. 6 times more than Italy
Pupils reaching grade 5	98.5 Ranked 3rd.	100 Ranked 2nd. 2% more than Italy
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education	4% Ranked 25th.	13% Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Italy
Expected duration of education for males	15.6 years Ranked 22nd.	17.3 years Ranked 8th. 11% more than Italy
Female teachers > Lower secondary	72.8% Ranked 4th. 1% more than Norway	72.3% Ranked 5th.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education	83% Ranked 26th.	94% Ranked 9th. 13% more than Italy
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree	56% Ranked 14th.	64% Ranked 3rd. 14% more than Italy
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed post-secondary > Post-secondary and tertiary education > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds	13.54% Ranked 26th.	34.31% Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Italy
School enrollment > Primary > Private > % of total primary	6.96% Ranked 72nd. 4 times more than Norway	1.88% Ranked 104th.
Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment	44.1% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Norway	20% Ranked 22nd.
High school > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	84% Ranked 34th. 7% more than Norway	78.67% Ranked 46th.
Expenditure per student, secondary > % of GDP per capita	25.26% Ranked 31st.	27.28% Ranked 27th. 8% more than Italy
Secondary education, vocational pupils > % female	39.65% Ranked 75th.	41.64% Ranked 68th. 5% more than Italy
School enrollment, secondary > % net	91.89% Ranked 20th.	95.54% Ranked 7th. 4% more than Italy
Total enrollment, primary > % net	99.1% Ranked 17th.	99.27% Ranked 13th. About the same as Italy
Total enrollment, primary, female > % net	98.7% Ranked 17th.	99.35% Ranked 8th. 1% more than Italy
School enrollment, preprimary > % gross	98.35% Ranked 25th.	98.8% Ranked 24th. About the same as Italy
School enrollment, primary > % net	97.22% Ranked 31st.	99.27% Ranked 10th. 2% more than Italy
School enrollment, secondary > % gross	100.66% Ranked 31st.	112.98% Ranked 7th. 12% more than Italy
School enrollment, secondary, private > % of total secondary	8.52% Ranked 83th. 4% more than Norway	8.17% Ranked 86th.
Progression to secondary school, male > %	99.63% Ranked 13th. The same as Norway	99.61% Ranked 14th.
School enrollment, tertiary, female > % gross	75.41% Ranked 24th.	90.04% Ranked 12th. 19% more than Italy
Expenditure per student, tertiary > % of GDP per capita	25.79% Ranked 53th.	44.29% Ranked 26th. 72% more than Italy
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	105.63% Ranked 34th.	109.32% Ranked 14th. 3% more than Italy
Primary completion rate > Female > % of relevant age group	101.22% Ranked 28th.	101.39% Ranked 27th. About the same as Italy
Primary completion rate > Male > % of relevant age group	101.47% Ranked 28th. The same as Norway	101.41% Ranked 29th.
Progression to secondary school > Female	99.28% Ranked 21st.	100% Ranked 11th. 1% more than Italy
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % gross	101.61% gross Ranked 102nd. 3% more than Norway	98.95% gross Ranked 122nd.
School enrollment > Preprimary > Female > % gross	101.91% gross Ranked 17th. 25% more than Norway	81.49% gross Ranked 37th.
Repeaters, primary, total > % of total enrollment	0.324% Ranked 103th.	0.0 Ranked 133th.
Persistence to grade 5 > Total > % of cohort	96.49% Ranked 24th.	99.59% Ranked 10th. 3% more than Italy
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force	22.8% Ranked 38th.	43% Ranked 8th. 89% more than Italy
Labor force with primary education > % of total	35.4% Ranked 9th. 87% more than Norway	18.9% Ranked 30th.
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force	44.9% Ranked 29th.	47.4% Ranked 24th. 6% more than Italy
Labor force with secondary education > % of total	46.7% Ranked 28th. 9% more than Norway	42.9% Ranked 30th.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	11.2% Ranked 69th.	17.9% Ranked 46th. 60% more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils > % female	48.45% female Ranked 76th.	48.68% female Ranked 52nd. About the same as Italy
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net	93.14% net Ranked 13th.	96.87% net Ranked 6th. 4% more than Italy
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Total > % of relevant age group	103.38% Ranked 63th. 5% more than Norway	98.14% Ranked 98th.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita	0.048 per capita Ranked 156th.	0.094 per capita Ranked 103th. 96% more than Italy
Persistence to grade 5 > Female > % of cohort	96.96% Ranked 21st.	100% Ranked 1st. 3% more than Italy
Researchers in R&D > Per million people	1,748.06 Ranked 23th.	5,434.45 Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Italy
Primary teacher salary > Starting, % of GDP	1.59e-06% Ranked 19th.	1.4e-05% Ranked 7th. 9 times more than Italy
Elementary (primary) school) > Share of total education spending	24.98% Ranked 75th.	26.67% Ranked 71st. 7% more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross	99.88% Ranked 27th.	111.58% Ranked 8th. 12% more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross	100.35% Ranked 25th.	112.78% Ranked 8th. 12% more than Italy
Elementary school graduate rate > Female	100 Ranked 3rd. The same as Norway	100 Ranked 1st.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female	303,771 Ranked 7th. 12 times more than Norway	26,337 Ranked 58th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male	4,643 Ranked 83th. 47% more than Norway	3,165 Ranked 74th.
Total expenditure as % of GDP	4.9% of GDP Ranked 15th.	5.9% of GDP Ranked 7th. 20% more than Italy
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female	14,375 Ranked 58th. 6 times more than Norway	2,564 Ranked 77th.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female	39.41% Ranked 73th.	40.76% Ranked 62nd. 3% more than Italy
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils	1.69 million Ranked 5th. 13 times more than Norway	131,874 Ranked 38th.
Secondary education, teachers > % female	67.39% Ranked 21st. 47% more than Norway	45.93% Ranked 38th.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	99.67% Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Norway	98.58% Ranked 19th.
Preschool enrollment rate > Female	100.35 Ranked 16th. 5% more than Norway	95.15 Ranked 25th.
Preschool enrollment rate > Male	102.2 Ranked 12th. 8% more than Norway	94.35 Ranked 26th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female	104.85 Ranked 55th. 6% more than Norway	98.52 Ranked 78th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male	106.43 Ranked 59th. 9% more than Norway	97.45 Ranked 88th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Female	100 Ranked 1st. The same as Norway	100 Ranked 1st.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade > Male	99.14 Ranked 8th.	99.17 Ranked 11th. The same as Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net	93.2% Ranked 10th.	95.99% Ranked 9th. 3% more than Italy
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net	98.66% net Ranked 11th.	98.86% net Ranked 8th. About the same as Italy
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	99.01% net Ranked 11th. The same as Norway	98.95% net Ranked 12th.
Share of vocational tertiary qualifications awarded to females > First degree	64% awarded to females Ranked 11th. 36% more than Norway	47% awarded to females Ranked 26th.
Services, etc., value added > % of GDP	72.84% Ranked 26th. 24% more than Norway	58.54% Ranked 86th.
Secondary education, teachers, female	303,771 Ranked 7th. 13 times more than Norway	22,591 Ranked 35th.

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_international_status_and_statistics; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2003; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2001); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; The Times, 2005; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a91, Gross intake ratio to last grade of primary; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute of Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics ; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO Institute of Statistics. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Historical Statistics

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