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STAT	Germany	Glorioso Islands	HISTORY
Economy > Economy > Overview	The German economy - the fifth largest economy in the world in PPP terms and Europe's largest - is a leading exporter of machinery, vehicles, chemicals, and household equipment and benefits from a highly skilled labor force. Like its Western European neighbors, Germany faces significant demographic challenges to sustained long-term growth. Low fertility rates and declining net immigration are increasing pressure on the country's social welfare system and necessitate structural reforms. Reforms launched by the government of Chancellor Gerhard SCHROEDER (1998-2005), deemed necessary to address chronically high unemployment and low average growth, contributed to strong growth in 2006 and 2007 and falling unemployment. These advances, as well as a government subsidized, reduced working hour scheme, help explain the relatively modest increase in unemployment during the 2008-09 recession - the deepest since World War II - and its decrease to 6.5% in 2012. GDP contracted 5.1% in 2009 but grew by 4.2% in 2010, and 3.0% in 2011, before dipping to 0.7% in 2012 - a reflection of low investment spending due to crisis-induced uncertainty and the decreased demand for German exports from recession-stricken periphery countries. Stimulus and stabilization efforts initiated in 2008 and 2009 and tax cuts introduced in Chancellor Angela MERKEL's second term increased Germany's total budget deficit - including federal, state, and municipal - to 4.1% in 2010, but slower spending and higher tax revenues reduced the deficit to 0.8% in 2011. In 2012 Germany reached a budget surplus of 0.1%. A constitutional amendment approved in 2009 limits the federal government to structural deficits of no more than 0.35% of GDP per annum as of 2016 though the target was already reached in 2012. By 2014, the federal government wants to balance its budget. Following the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, Chancellor Angela Merkel announced in May 2011 that eight of the country's 17 nuclear reactors would be shut down immediately and the remaining plants would close by 2022. Germany hopes to replace nuclear power with renewable energy. Before the shutdown of the eight reactors, Germany relied on nuclear power for 23% of its electricity generating capacity and 46% of its base-load electricity production.	no economic activity
Geography > Area > Comparative	slightly smaller than Montana	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Geography > Area > Comparative to US places	slightly smaller than Montana	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Geography > Area > Land	349,223 sq km Ranked 61st. 69845 times more than Glorioso Islands	5 sq km Ranked 12th.
Geography > Area > Total	357,022 sq km Ranked 64th. 71404 times more than Glorioso Islands	5 sq km Ranked 10th.
Geography > Climate	temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind	tropical
Geography > Coastline	2,389 km Ranked 55th. 68 times more than Glorioso Islands	35.2 km Ranked 201st.
Geography > Elevation extremes > Highest point	Zugspitze 2,963 m	unnamed location 12 m
Geography > Geographic coordinates	51 00 N, 9 00 E	11 30 S, 47 20 E
Geography > Location	Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark	Southern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Madagascar
Geography > Natural hazards	flooding	periodic cyclones
Geography > Natural resources	coal, lignite, natural gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber, arable land	guano, coconuts
Geography > Terrain	lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south	low and flat
Government > Legal system	civil law system	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Transport > Airports	539 Ranked 13th. 539 times more than Glorioso Islands	1 Ranked 226th.
Government > Flag description	three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and gold; these colors have played an important role in German history and can be traced back to the medieval banner of the Holy Roman Emperor - a black eagle with red claws and beak on a gold field	the flag of France is used
Geography > Maritime claims > Territorial sea	12 nautical mile Ranked 19th. The same as Glorioso Islands	12 nautical mile Ranked 12th.

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